JP2022098957A - Filtration device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a filtration device which is suitable for filtration of raw water taken from a flume and can be easily maintained.SOLUTION: An interior of a box-shaped filter main body 12 is divided into three parts: a landing tank 20, an upstream counter flow type filtration tank 30, and a water cleaning tank 40, by a partition wall 14 and an overflow wall 16 standing vertically. The landing tank 20 has: a landing tank inflow pipe 22 in an upper part; a landing tank outflow pipe 24 in a lower part; a landing tank sludge pipe 26 on a bottom part. Below the filtration tank 30, a receiving plate 39 in mesh form is arrange, and on an upper side of the reception plate 39, a filter media layer 32 is arranged. On a lower side of the reception plate 39, an inflow chamber 31 is formed and a filtration tank inflow pipe 34 is arranged. On a top face of the filter media layer 32, the filter medium layer face sludge pipe 36 is provided, and on a bottom part of the filtration tank 30, a filtration tank sludge pipe 38 is arranged. On the water cleaning tank 40, an outflow pipe 42 is arranged in a lower side thereof, and a water cleaning tank sludge pipe 44 is arranged on a bottom thereof. The landing tank outflow pipe 24 and the filtration tank inflow pipe 34 are coupled by a conduit pipe 28, and a spherical floating filter medium 33 is provided in the inflow chamber 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a filtration device for filtering raw water taken from Tanigawa or the like in a mountainous area.

As a conventional filtration device, a slow sand filter or an upward flow type filtration device is generally used. Further, various filtration devices combining these filtration methods are also disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). The filtration device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured such that a U-shaped or the like is filled with a granular filter medium and raw water is sequentially passed through the filter medium layer by downward flow, horizontal flow, and upward flow. However, as a cleaning mechanism for the filter medium, a cleaning nozzle for cleaning the downward flow portion and the upward flow portion with the upward flow is separately provided in the horizontal flow portion. According to the filtration device disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is described that the filtration efficiency is improved and the maintenance of the filtration device is easy.

Further, in the upward filtration device with a filter medium cleaning device disclosed in Patent Document 2, raw water is allowed to pass from below the filter medium layer formed by laminating filter media whose particle size gradually decreases toward the top. In the facing filtration device, a washing tube that ejects washing water upward is provided on the lower surface of the filter material layer, and a large number of saw teeth are formed horizontally at the center of the upper surface of the filter material layer and on the upper edges on both sides. It is characterized in that a mud drainage gutter having a shape protrusion is provided, and one end of the mud drainage gutter is connected to a sand collecting box. According to the upward filtration device with a filter material cleaning device disclosed in Patent Document 2, the filtration tank can be manufactured at low cost, and the filtered sand that is about to flow out together with the cleaning water has a saw blade shape of a mud drain. It is stated that the protrusions can be effectively stopped.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-291609 Jikkai Sho 63-77606 Gazette

According to the filtration device disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the upward filtration device with a filter material cleaning device disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is considered that the improvement of the filtration efficiency and the maintenance can be easily performed to some extent.

However, the filtration device installed in the mountainous area is required to be compact, have high filtration efficiency, and above all, be easy to maintain and manage, from the viewpoint of installation cost and installation location. In particular, the work of discharging the earth and sand and mud accumulated in the filtration device and the work of cleaning the filter material are extremely complicated, and therefore, a filtration device having significantly improved workability has been required.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, the inventors of the present application have made extensive studies to provide a filtration device that is suitable for filtering raw water taken from Tanigawa or the like and that is easy to maintain and manage. It came to.

That is, in the filtration device of the present invention, the inside of the box-shaped filtration device main body is divided into a water landing tank, an upward flow type filtration tank, and a water purification tank by means of a partition wall and an overflow wall erected in the vertical direction. The water tank is divided into a water tank inflow pipe above the water tank, a water tank outflow pipe below, a water tank drain pipe at the bottom, and a mesh-shaped receiving plate below the filtration tank. A filter medium layer in which filter media having a smaller particle size from the lower side to the upper side is arranged on the upper side of the receiving plate, and an inflow chamber is formed on the lower side of the receiving plate to form a filtration tank. An inflow pipe is arranged, a filter medium layer surface mud drain pipe is arranged on the upper surface of the filter medium layer, a filter tank mud drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the filter tank, and the outflow pipe is arranged below the water purification tank in the water purification tank. A water purification tank drain pipe is disposed at the bottom, the landing tank outflow pipe and the filtration tank inflow pipe are connected by a conduction pipe, and a spherical floating filter medium is disposed in the inflow chamber. ..

Further, in the filtration device of the present invention, the spherical floating filter medium is hollow.

Further, the filtration device of the present invention is characterized in that a cleaning tube is disposed in the filter medium layer.

Further, the filtration device of the present invention is characterized in that a V notch is formed at the upper end edge of the overflow wall.

According to the filtration device of the present invention, although it is compact, it is possible to gradually remove floating dust such as dead leaves, earth and sand, mud, fine sand, etc. contained in the raw water taken from Tanigawa, etc., and the filtration efficiency is very high. Can provide a high filtration device.

Further, according to the filtration device of the present invention, it is possible to discharge the earth and sand and mud accumulated in the filtration device and to clean the filter material with only a simple valve operation, and the maintenance is very easy.

Further, in the filtration device of the present invention, the filtration efficiency can be further improved by disposing the spherical floating filter medium in the inflow chamber formed under the receiving plate in the filtration tank.

Further, since the receiving plate is pushed up by the buoyancy of the spherical floating filter medium according to the present invention, the load of the filter medium layer acting on the receiving plate can be reduced, the strength of the receiving plate can be reduced, and the filtering device main body can be used. It is possible to reduce the applied load.

Furthermore, by making the spherical floating filter medium according to the present invention hollow, it is possible to improve the effect of reducing the strength of the receiving plate and the effect of reducing the load of the main body of the filtration device, and the heat retaining effect of the hollow spherical floating filter medium makes it possible to improve the effect. It can be expected to have an antifreeze effect in the filtration device in the winter in the hilly and mountainous areas.

Further, in the filtration device of the present invention, the cleaning operation of the filter media layer can be easily performed by disposing the cleaning pipe in the filter media layer.

Further, in the filtration device of the present invention, the filtration rate can be easily adjusted by forming the V notch on the upper end edge of the overflow wall.

It is a front view sectional view of the filtration apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the filtration apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front sectional view showing a filtration device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the filtration device 10 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is A in the filtration device 10 shown in FIG. -A sectional view. Originally, in FIG. 1 showing a front view sectional view of the filtration device 10 of the present embodiment, the landing tank outflow pipe 24 and the filtration tank inflow pipe 34 arranged on the front side of the filtration device 10 are included. Although the filter medium layer surface mud drain pipe 36 and the filter tank mud drain pipe 38 do not appear, they are shown for convenience in order to explain the present embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the filtration device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for filtering raw water taken from a valley river or the like in a mountainous area, and first, a box-shaped filtration device main body. The inside of the 12 is divided into a water landing tank 20, an upward flow type filtration tank 30, and a water purification tank 40 by a partition wall 14 erected in the vertical direction and an overflow wall 16.

In the landing tank 20 according to the filtration device 10 of the present embodiment, a landing tank inflow pipe 22 is disposed above the landing tank 20, a landing tank outflow pipe 24 is disposed below, and a landing tank is provided at the bottom. A mud drain pipe 26 is arranged. The raw water taken in by Tanigawa or the like flows into the landing tank 20 from the landing tank inflow pipe 22 arranged above the landing tank 20. In this landing tank 20, floating debris such as dead leaves contained in the raw water and earth and sand having a relatively large particle size are removed, and the raw water filtered to some extent is arranged below the landing tank 20 in the water tank outflow pipe. From 24, it is sent to the filtration tank 30 described later.

The filtration tank 30 according to the present embodiment is an upward flow type, and a mesh-shaped receiving plate 39 is arranged below the filtration tank 30, and on the upper side of the receiving plate 39, from the lower side to the upper side. A filter medium layer 32 in which filter media having a smaller particle size are laminated is arranged, and an inflow chamber 31 is formed under the receiving plate 39. The filter medium layer 32 according to the present embodiment is, in order from the bottom to the top, a filter medium layer 32a formed of filtered gravel having a particle size of 20 to 30 mm, a filter medium layer 32b formed of filtered gravel having a particle size of 12 to 20 mm, 2 to 2. By laminating a filter medium layer 32c formed of 4 mm filtered gravel, a filter medium layer 32d formed of 0.6 mm filtered sand, and a filter medium layer 32e formed of 0.3 to 0.45 mm filtered sand. It is configured. The filter medium layer according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration, and the type of the filter medium, the number of layers, and the like can be arbitrarily set.

Further, a cleaning pipe 50 is previously arranged in the filter medium layer 32 according to the present embodiment. By disposing the cleaning pipe 50, the cleaning operation of the filtration tank 30 including the filter medium layer 32 can be easily performed. The specific cleaning method will be described later.

In the inflow chamber 31 formed on the lower side of the receiving plate 39 in the filtering tank 30 according to the present embodiment, the filtration tank inflow pipe 34 is arranged, and the most of the filter medium layer 32 arranged on the upper side of the receiving plate 39. The filter medium layer surface mud drain pipe 36 is arranged at the upper surface position, and the filter tank mud drain pipe 38 is arranged at the bottom of the filter tank 30 (= the bottom of the inflow chamber 31).

Here, the water tank outflow pipe 24 arranged below the water tank 20 according to the present embodiment and the filtration tank inflow pipe 34 arranged in the inflow chamber 31 according to the present embodiment are conductive pipes. It is connected by 28. Therefore, the raw water filtered to some extent in the landing tank 20 flows out from the landing tank outflow pipe 24, and flows into the inflow chamber 31 related to the filter tank 30 from the filter tank inflow pipe 34 via the conduction pipe 28.

The inflow chamber 31 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that a plurality of spherical floating filter media 33 are arranged. The spherical floating filter medium 33 is a polypropylene filter medium and is suspended by the raw water flowing into the inflow chamber 31. The material of the spherical floating filter medium 33 is not particularly limited as long as it is suspended by raw water, but polypropylene has the characteristics of having the smallest specific gravity among general-purpose resins, excellent heat resistance, high strength, and no hygroscopicity. Therefore, it is suitable as a material for the spherical floating filter medium 33.

The outer diameter size of the spherical floating filter medium 33 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected depending on the size of the filtration device main body 12 and the inflow chamber 31, but the outer diameter is preferably 10 mm to 50 mm.

Further, the input amount of the spherical floating filter medium 33 is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the spherical floating filter medium 33 is arranged so as to cover at least the entire lower surface side of the receiving plate 39 in a state of being suspended in the inflow chamber 31. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, it is preferable that the receiving plate 39 is arranged in two upper and lower stages so as to cover the entire lower surface side. In this way, the spherical floating filter medium 33 covers the entire lower surface side of the receiving plate 39 and is arranged in two upper and lower stages, so that the raw water flowing from the filter tank inflow pipe 34 is idled by the flow of the raw water. By passing through the gaps between the 33, it becomes a laminar flow advantageous for filtration and is sent to the filter medium layer 32, so that the filtration efficiency can be further improved.

If the spherical floating filter medium 33 is not arranged in the inflow chamber 31 and the raw water directly flows into the filter medium layer 32 from the inflow chamber 31, the raw water may flow due to the flow of the raw water or the adhesion of dirt to the filter medium layer 32. There is a tendency for uneven flow to occur, with parts that are easy to pass through and parts that are difficult to pass through. However, by disposing the spherical floating filter medium 33 in the inflow chamber 31, the flow of raw water is diffused and uneven flow is less likely to occur. Therefore, the horizontal filtration area of the filter medium layer 32 can be effectively utilized. It is possible to further improve the filtration efficiency.

Here, since the spherical floating filter medium 33 according to the present embodiment is made of polypropylene, even if it is solid, it can be suspended by raw water in the inflow chamber 31 to improve the filtration efficiency, but the spherical floating filter medium 33 can be improved. Is particularly preferably hollow. By arranging the spherical floating filter medium 33 in the inflow chamber 31 according to the present embodiment, the filtration efficiency is improved, and the receiving plate 39 is pushed up by the buoyancy of the spherical floating filter medium 33. It is possible to reduce the load of the acting filter medium layer 32, reduce the strength of the receiving plate 39, and further reduce the load applied to the filtration device main body 12. By making the spherical floating filter medium 33 hollow, the floating due to the flow of raw water is increased, so that the diffusion effect of the flow can be further expected, and the buoyancy of the spherical floating filter medium 33 is also increased, so that the strength of the receiving plate 39 is increased. It is possible to improve the reduction effect and the load reduction effect of the filtration device main body 12.

Furthermore, by making the spherical floating filter medium 33 according to the present embodiment hollow, the heat retention effect of the spherical floating filter medium 33 can be obtained, so that the antifreezing effect in the filtration device main body 12 in the winter in the mountainous area can be expected.

In the water purification tank 40 according to the present embodiment, an outflow pipe 42 is arranged below the water purification tank 40, and a water purification tank mud drain pipe 44 is arranged at the bottom. In the filtration device main body 12, the raw water flowing into the inflow chamber 31 related to the filtration tank 30 passes through the filter medium layer 32, and the filtered water flowing through the overflow wall 16 and flowing into the water purification tank 40 is distributed to the water purification tank 40. It will be sent from the installed outflow pipe 42 to a water supply facility or the like (not shown).

It is preferable that a V notch 52 is formed on the upper end edge of the overflow wall 16 arranged between the filtration tank 30 and the water purification tank 40 according to the present embodiment. By forming the V notch 52, the filtration rate can be easily grasped by confirming the height of the filtered water passing through the V notch 52, so that the filtration rate can be easily adjusted. In FIG. 3, the member indicated by the reference numeral 53 arranged at the intermediate position in the height direction of the V notch 52 is a filtration rate scale bar. For example, when the filtered water flowing out from the filtration tank 30 to the septic tank 40 exceeds the filtration speed scale bar 53, the amount of raw water flowing into the landing tank 20 may be adjusted, or the inflow from the landing tank 20 to the filtration tank 30 may be adjusted. The filtration rate can be easily adjusted by adjusting the amount of raw water flowing into the chamber 31.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but next, the cleaning method of the filtration device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the filtration device 10 of the present embodiment, the inflow chamber 31 related to the filtration tank 30 is the place where dirt is most likely to settle and accumulate, but the simplest cleaning method is the filter medium layer surface mud drain pipe 36 and the outflow pipe. The filter tank inflow pipe with the valves (not shown) arranged in the water purification tank drain pipe 44 and the valve (not shown) closed and the valves (not shown) arranged in the filter tank mud drain pipe 38 opened. By guiding the raw water from 34 to the inflow chamber 31, mud, sand and the like accumulated in the inflow chamber 31 can be easily discharged. Alternatively, the valve (not shown) provided in the conduction pipe 28 is closed, and the raw water conducted to the water landing tank inflow pipe 22 is branched and guided to the cleaning pipe 50 to clean the inflow chamber 31 and the filter medium layer. 32 can also be washed.

When the cleaning of the inflow chamber 31 and the cleaning of the filter medium layer 32 are completed, the valve of the filter tank drain pipe 38 is closed and the raw water is stopped to be introduced to the cleaning pipe 50. When the valve related to the conduction pipe 28 was closed, this valve was opened, and the valve (not shown) arranged on the filter media layer surface mud drainage pipe 36 was opened to prevent the inside of the filter media layer 32 from becoming dirty. Dirt accumulated on the upper surface of the filter medium layer 32 can be discharged.

When the dirt accumulated on the upper surface of the filter medium layer 32 can be discharged, the valve related to the filter medium layer surface mud drain pipe 36 is closed and the valve related to the outflow pipe 42 is opened, so that the filtered water is sent from the outflow pipe 42. Will be. If the filtered water stored in the water purification tank 40 has turbidity, the valve related to the outflow pipe 42 is closed and then the valve related to the water purification tank drainage pipe 44 is opened, and the filtered water becomes turbid. Drain until no confirmation is possible.

As described above, the filtration device 10 of the present embodiment can easily perform the cleaning work inside the filtration device main body 12 by opening and closing the valves arranged on the respective pipe members, and the maintenance is very easy. Will be. The dirt accumulated in the water landing tank 20 can be easily discharged by closing the valve related to the conduction pipe 28 and opening the water landing tank mud drain pipe 26.

Although the embodiment of the filtration device of the present invention has been described in detail above, it should not be understood that the technical idea of the present invention is substantially limited. The present invention can be carried out with appropriate improvements, changes or additions by the creativity and ingenuity of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist thereof.

10: Filtration device 12: Filtration device body 14: Partition 16: Overflow wall 20: Water tank 22: Water tank inflow pipe 24: Water tank outflow pipe 26: Water tank drain pipe 28: Conduction pipe 30: Filtration tank 31: Inflow chamber 32: Filter media layer 33: Spherical floating filter media 34: Filter media inflow pipe 36: Filter media layer surface mud drain pipe 38: Filter tank mud drain pipe 39: Receiving plate 40: Water purification tank 42: Outflow pipe 44: Water purification tank drain pipe 50: Cleaning pipe 52: V notch 53: Filtration speed scale bar

Claims (4)

The inside of the box-shaped filtration device body is divided into a water landing tank, an upward flow type filtration tank, and a water purification tank by a partition wall and an overflow wall erected in the vertical direction.
The landing tank is provided with a water tank inflow pipe above the water tank, a water tank outflow pipe below, and a water tank mud drain pipe at the bottom.
A mesh-shaped receiving plate is arranged below the filtration tank, and a filter medium layer in which filter media having a smaller particle size is arranged from the lower side to the upper side is arranged on the upper side of the receiving plate, and the receiving plate is arranged. An inflow chamber is formed on the lower side and a filter tank inflow pipe is arranged, a filter medium layer surface mud drain pipe is arranged on the upper surface of the filter medium layer, and a filter tank mud drain pipe is arranged on the bottom of the filter tank.
In the water purification tank, an outflow pipe is arranged below the water purification tank, and a water purification tank drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom.
The water tank outflow pipe and the filtration tank inflow pipe are connected by a conduction pipe, and the water tank outflow pipe and the filtration tank inflow pipe are connected by a conduction pipe.
A filtration device characterized in that a spherical floating filter medium is disposed in the inflow chamber. The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the spherical floating filter medium is hollow. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cleaning tube is arranged in the filter medium layer. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a V notch is formed at the upper end edge of the overflow wall.

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