JP2022098812A - Fruit tree cultivation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fruit tree cultivation apparatus that can improve a cultivation environment of fruit trees even more by utilizing a traveling vehicle moving inside a greenhouse.SOLUTION: A fruit tree cultivation apparatus comprises a traveling vehicle 16 having a thermography camera 22, and also comprises a personal computer that is constituted to measure the temperature of a fruit area and a foliage area and the temperature of a foliage area on the basis of a captured image, calculate a temperature difference between the temperature of fruit area and the temperature of the foliage area, and control ventilation time in order to bring the temperature difference to a target temperature difference. A larger number of photosynthetic products can be commutated into fruits, which makes it possible to cultivate larger fruits.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a fruit tree cultivation facility for cultivating fruit trees in a house.

Patent Document 1 is a plant cultivation facility equipped with a plurality of cultivation beds, a fine fog device, and a light-shielding curtain in a house, and a radiation temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of fruits on a traveling vehicle traveling between the cultivation beds. Is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-80517

In the plant cultivation facility disclosed in Patent Document 1, the traveling vehicle is moved to a predetermined position, the temperature of the fruit is measured by using the radiation temperature measuring device mounted on the traveling vehicle, and the temperature of the fruit is high. Sprays fine mist from the fine mist device, or closes the blackout curtain, and when the temperature of the fruit is low, stops spraying fine mist from the fine mist device, or opens the light-shielding curtain to open the light-shielding curtain of the fruit. The temperature can be controlled.

However, in the plant cultivation equipment disclosed in Patent Document 1, a traveling vehicle traveling between cultivation beds is not fully utilized in order to improve the plant cultivation environment.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fruit tree cultivation facility capable of further improving the fruit tree cultivation environment by utilizing a traveling vehicle moving in a house.

Such an object of the present invention is
A house, a traveling vehicle traveling in the house, and a ventilation means for ventilating the inside of the house are provided.
The traveling vehicle is provided with an image device that captures an image of an area of fruits and an image of an area of foliage.
Further, a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of the fruit area and the temperature of the foliage area based on the image captured by the image device, and a temperature measuring device.
A temperature difference calculating means for calculating the temperature difference between the temperature of the fruit area and the temperature of the foliage area measured by the temperature measuring device, and
It is achieved by a fruit tree cultivation facility provided with a control means for controlling the ventilation time of the ventilation means so that the temperature difference becomes a target temperature difference.

In plants, it is known that photosynthetic products are translocated to the higher temperature side, but according to the present invention, the temperature difference between the temperature in the fruit area and the temperature in the foliage area becomes the target temperature difference. In addition, since it is configured to control the ventilation time, the photosynthetic product can be translocated to a fruit having a high temperature as desired, and a large fruit can be cultivated.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature measuring device is configured by a thermography camera.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention,
The fruit tree cultivation apparatus further includes a carbon dioxide supply means for supplying carbon dioxide into the house and a temperature sensor in the house for measuring the temperature in the house.
The temperature measuring device measures the temperature of the upper area of the fruit tree.
The temperature difference calculating means is configured to calculate the temperature difference between the temperature in the upper area of the fruit tree measured by the temperature measuring device and the temperature in the house measured by the temperature sensor in the house.
When the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculating means is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature difference, the control means drives the carbon dioxide supply means in accordance with the temperature difference, and carbon dioxide is contained in the housing. Is configured to supply.

When the temperature difference between the temperature in the upper area of the fruit tree and the temperature inside the house is larger than the predetermined temperature difference, the pores of the leaves are easily closed, and even if carbon dioxide is supplied into the house, photosynthesis can be promoted. On the other hand, when the temperature difference between the temperature in the upper area of the fruit tree and the temperature inside the house is less than the specified temperature difference, the pores of the leaves are open and carbon dioxide is supplied to the house. However, according to this embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature difference between the temperature in the upper area of the fruit tree and the temperature in the house is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature difference, Since it is configured to supply carbon dioxide into the house, when active photosynthesis cannot be expected, it does not supply carbon dioxide into the house, and only when active photosynthesis can be expected, in the upper area of the fruit tree. Depending on the temperature difference between the temperature and the temperature inside the house, carbon dioxide can be supplied into the house, and therefore photosynthesis can be efficiently promoted.

In a more preferred embodiment of the invention
The traveling vehicle of the fruit tree cultivation facility is further equipped with a color camera capable of detecting a flower cluster of fruit trees and an air injection means for injecting air.
The air injection means is configured to work with the color camera so that its height position is the same as the height position of the color camera.
Each time the traveling vehicle stops, the color camera is moved to a position where the fruit tree flower cluster can be detected, and the air injection means is configured to inject air into the fruit tree flower cluster.

According to a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, each time the traveling vehicle stops, the color camera is moved to a height position where the flower cluster of the fruit tree can be detected, and the air injection means is also interlocked with the movement of the color camera. Since it is moved to a height position facing the flower cluster of fruit trees, it is possible to reliably blow air to the flower cluster from the air ejection means, and therefore, the number after spraying pesticides that cannot be pollinated by the bee. It is possible to pollinate the flower cluster even during the day.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fruit tree cultivation facility capable of further improving the fruit tree cultivation environment by utilizing a traveling vehicle moving in the house.

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a configuration of a plant cultivation facility according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the traveling vehicle. It is a block diagram of the control system, the detection system, the drive system, the display system and the input system of the plant growth diagnosis apparatus of the plant cultivation equipment which concerns on embodiment of this invention shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a visual image of the thermography of the tomato community displayed on the display of the plant growth diagnostic device. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature in the house and the time. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature and the time in the house when the operating time of the ventilation device is controlled to be long. FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing the configuration of a fruit tree cultivation facility according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control system, a detection system, a drive system, a display system, and an input system of the plant growth diagnosis device of the fruit tree cultivation facility shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a traveling vehicle of a fruit tree cultivation facility according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control system, a detection system, a drive system, a display system, and an input system of a plant growth diagnosis device of a fruit tree cultivation facility equipped with a traveling vehicle shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a configuration of a fruit tree cultivation facility according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fruit tree cultivation facility according to this embodiment is configured to grow tomatoes.

As shown in FIG. 1, the plant cultivation facility according to the present embodiment includes a frame made of metal or the like and a house 1 made of a transparent synthetic resin film covering material supported by the frame. In the house 1, a plurality of media 3 extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 are installed substantially parallel to each other.

In FIG. 1, for convenience, a house 1 provided with two media 3 is shown.

A wire 5 extending in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 is stretched on the upper part of the house 1, and an incentive string 7 is hung vertically on the wire 5 via a hook 6, and a tomato planted in the medium 3 is used. F is configured to grow along the incentive string 7.

On the ceiling of the house 1, a fine mist device 10 for spraying fine mist is provided in the house 1, and in FIG. 1, a light-shielding curtain 11 that can move up and down along the wall on the right side of the house 1 to block sunlight. Is provided.

Further, in the house 1, a ventilation device 12 for ventilating the air in the house 1 and a heater 13 for heating the inside of the house 1 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, a rail 15 is provided in the house 1, and the rail 15 is adjacent to a plurality of culture media 3 from the outside of one of the culture media 3 located at the left and right ends in FIG. It extends through between the media 3.

Further, a traveling vehicle 16 traveling on the rail 15 is provided in the house 1.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the traveling vehicle 16.

As shown in FIG. 2, the traveling vehicle 16 is equipped with a plant growth diagnosis device 20 for diagnosing the growth state of tomato F, and the plant growth diagnosis device 20 senses the temperature of an object and displays an image. A camera position setting device (not shown in FIG. 2) is provided with a thermography camera 22 to generate, the thermography camera 22 can move up and down along a support column 24, and the height and orientation of the thermography camera 22 can be changed. Is provided.

Further, the plant growth diagnostic apparatus 20 is provided with a personal computer (not shown in FIG. 2), and the thermography camera 22 is configured to be controlled by the personal computer.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control system, a detection system, a drive system, a display system, and an input system of the plant growth diagnostic apparatus 20.

As shown in FIG. 3, the control system of the plant growth diagnosis device 20 includes a personal computer 30 that controls the entire device, and the personal computer 30 can store a CPU 31, a ROM 32 in which a control program is stored, and various data. RAM 33 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, the detection system of the plant growth diagnostic apparatus 20 includes a thermography camera 22, a house temperature sensor 35 that detects the temperature inside the house 1, and an outside air temperature sensor that detects the outside air temperature outside the house 1. It has 36.

As shown in FIG. 3, the drive system of the plant growth diagnostic device 20 includes a camera position setting device 40 that changes the height and orientation of the thermography camera 22, a fine fog device 10, a light-shielding curtain 11, and a ventilation device 12. And a heater 13.

On the other hand, the display system of the plant growth diagnosis device 20 includes a display 50, and the input system of the plant growth diagnosis device 20 includes a power switch 41 for turning on / off the personal computer 30.

In this embodiment, the personal computer 30 of the plant growth diagnosis device 20 mounted on the traveling vehicle 16 includes a thermography camera 22 mounted on the traveling vehicle 16, a fine fog device 10, a light-shielding curtain 11, and a ventilation device 12. , The configuration for centrally controlling each facility in the house 1 such as the heater 13 is described, but each facility in the above-mentioned house 1 is controlled by another control panel for the house 1 and the control panel and the control panel are used. The personal computer 30 of the plant growth diagnostic device 20 may be connected by wireless communication.

In the tomato cultivation facility according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the temperature of the tomato is measured as follows.

In this embodiment, first, the fruit temperature and the stem and leaf temperature (plant body temperature) of the tomato community are measured, and the average value of the fruit temperature of the tomato community for which the temperature should be measured and the average value of the plant body temperature of the tomato community are measured. Is calculated.

First, the operator moves the traveling vehicle 16 to a position facing the first tomato community (1) among the plurality of tomato communities whose temperature should be measured, and stops the traveling vehicle 16.

Next, when the power switch 41 is operated by the worker and the personal computer 30 is activated, the plant growth diagnosis device 20 is activated, and the camera position setting device 40 causes the thermography camera 22 to use the fruit temperature of the tomato community and the plant. The body temperature image is moved to a height position where it can be captured and fixed at that position. Next, the thermography camera 22 is turned on, the tomato community is imaged, and the thermography image data (1) of the tomato community (1) is generated.

The thermographic image data (1) of the tomato community thus generated is sent to the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30, and the thermographic image (thermal image) is displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the personal computer 30 by the CPU 31.

Next, in the thermographic image displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the personal computer 30 by the operator, the fruit region FR (1) in which the tomato fruit was visually imaged in the first tomato community (1). ) And the plant area PR (1) in which the leaves and stems of the tomato community are imaged are selected on the screen of the display 50 using a touch pen or the like.

FIG. 4 shows a thermographic image of the first tomato community (1) displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the plant growth diagnostic apparatus 20 so that the fruits (tomatoes), stems and leaves of the tomato community can be seen with the naked eye for convenience. The fruit area where the tomato fruit was imaged is displayed in FR (1), and the plant area PR (1) where the stem and leaves of the tomato community were imaged.

In this way, when the fruit region FR (1) and the plant region PR (1) are selected, the region selection signal is input from the display 50 to the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30, and the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 causes the tomato community (1). Based on the thermographic image data, the fruit temperature TF (1), which is the average temperature in the fruit region FR (1) of the first tomato community, and the plant temperature TP (1), which is the average temperature in the plant region PR (1). Is calculated.

The fruit temperature TF (1) and the plant body temperature TP (1) of the first tomato community (1) calculated in this way are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30.

As described above, when the fruit temperature TF (1) and the plant body temperature TP (1) of the first tomato community (1) are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30, the power switch of the personal computer 30 is performed by the operator. 41 is turned off, and the power of the plant growth diagnostic apparatus 20 is turned off.

Next, when the worker moves the traveling vehicle 16 to a position facing the j-th tomato community (j) and stops it, and the worker turns on the power switch 41 of the personal computer 30, the plant growth diagnosis is performed. The device 20 is activated, and the camera position setting device 40 moves the thermography camera 22 to a height position where images of the fruit temperature and the plant body temperature of the tomato community (j) can be captured, and is fixed at that position. Next, the thermography camera 22 is turned on, the tomato community (j) is imaged, and the thermography image data (1) of the tomato community (j) is generated. Here, j is an integer of 2 or more and N or less, and N is the number of tomato communities whose temperature should be measured.

As a result, the j-th tomato community (j) is imaged by the thermography camera 22, and the thermographic image data (j) of the tomato community is generated.

The thermographic image data (j) of the tomato community thus generated is sent to the personal computer 30, and the thermographic image (thermal image) is displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the personal computer 30 by the CPU 31.

Next, in the thermographic image displayed on the screen of the display 50 by the operator, the fruit region FR (j) in which the tomato fruit was imaged out of the tomato community (j) was visually imaged using a touch pen or the like. Then, the plant region PR (j) in which the leaves and stems of the tomato community are imaged is selected.

In this way, when the fruit region FR (j) and the plant region PR (j) are selected, the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 determines the fruit region FR (j) of the jth tomato community based on the thermographic image data of the tomato community. The fruit temperature TF (j), which is the average temperature in the plant, and the plant body temperature TP (j), which is the average temperature in the plant region PR (j), are calculated.

The fruit temperature TF (j) and the plant body temperature TP (j) of the j-th tomato community calculated in this way are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30.

This operation is repeated from j = 2 to j = N, and when the fruit temperature TF (j) and the plant body temperature TP (j) are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30, the temperature measurement of the tomato community is completed.
The traveling vehicle 16 may autonomously travel at a low speed, stop every time a community of tomatoes is detected, and perform control such as detecting the temperature of the fruit region FR or the plant region PR.

When the temperature measurement of the tomato community is completed, the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 calculates the total fruit temperature TF of the tomato community stored in the RAM 33, divides the temperature by the number N of the measured tomato communities, and divides the fruit temperature. The average value TFav of TF is calculated, the total of the plant temperature TP of the tomato community stored in the RAM 33 is calculated, and the temperature is divided by the number N of the tomato community whose temperature is measured, and the average value TP of the plant temperature TP ( av) is calculated.

In the cultivation of tomato F, it is known that the photosynthetic product is translocated to the higher temperature side, and in this embodiment, the difference between the fruit temperature and the plant body temperature is controlled to be large at sunset. It is configured so that a large tomato F is cultivated.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature in the house 1 and the time measured by the temperature sensor 35 in the house.

In the present embodiment, since the air in the house 1 is ventilated at a predetermined flow rate by the ventilation device 12 during the daytime, the temperature in the house 1 (the temperature in the house) is as shown in FIG. It is almost equal to the outside air temperature of about 24 ° C, but after sunset after 16:00, the outside air temperature drops sharply, so if ventilation is continued, the house temperature also drops sharply to about 10 ° C. do.

In this embodiment, about 15 minutes after sunset, the ventilation by the ventilation device 12 is stopped and the heater 13 is set to be turned on, so that the house temperature rises from about 16:15. At around 16:30, the house temperature reaches about 20 ° C and then becomes almost constant.

The fruit temperature TF and the plant body temperature TP also change as the temperature inside the house changes, but in general, the stems and leaves tend to dissipate heat, so the plant temperature TP tends to change as the house temperature changes. On the other hand, since fruits are less likely to dissipate heat than plants, even if the temperature inside the house changes, the fruit temperature TF immediately follows the temperature inside the house and does not change.

Therefore, if ventilation is continued after sunset, the plant body temperature TP immediately drops to the outside air temperature as the temperature inside the house drops, but the fruit temperature TF does not drop immediately, and the fruit temperature does not drop for a while. The TF will continue to be higher than the plant body temperature TP.

FIG. 5 shows the temperature and time in the house 1 when the stop time of the ventilation device 12 is controlled so that the difference between the fruit temperature TF and the plant body temperature TP [fruit temperature TF-plant body temperature TP] is 1 ° C. The relationship is shown.

In plant cultivation, the photosynthetic product is translocated to the higher temperature side, so that the photosynthetic product is translocated to the fruit when the fruit temperature TF is higher than the plant body temperature TP.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the ventilation time by the ventilation device 15 is controlled so that the difference between the fruit temperature TF and the plant body temperature TP [fruit temperature TF-plant body temperature TP] becomes a predetermined temperature difference, and a larger tomato is produced. It is configured to be cultivated.

Specifically, after sunset, the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 calculates the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF of N tomato communities and the average value TP of the plant body temperature TP as described above. (Av) is calculated, and the difference between the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP is calculated.

In the present embodiment, a predetermined temperature difference ΔT, which is a preferable value of the difference between the temperature of the tomato and the temperature of the stem and leaves, is determined in advance for translocating the photosynthetic product from the stem and leaves to the fruit (tomato). The CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 determines the difference between the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant temperature TP calculated as described above. Contrast with the temperature difference ΔT of.

During the daytime, the difference between the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP is almost equal to the outside air temperature. When it is recognized that the outside air temperature of the house 1 detected by the outside air temperature sensor 36 has dropped rapidly, the CPU 31 determines the difference between the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP. Watching is started, the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant temperature TP decrease, and the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP of the plant body temperature TP ( Even after detecting that the difference in av) becomes equal to the predetermined temperature difference ΔT, the operation of the ventilation device 12 is continued, and when the predetermined time t has elapsed, the operation of the ventilation device 12 is turned off and the heater is operated. 13 is operated.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature in the house 1 and the time measured by the temperature sensor 35 in the house when the operating time of the ventilation device 12 is controlled to be long.

Further, FIGS. 5 and 6 show the temperature inside the house at each time, and the temperature difference between the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP is how many times. Although not shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the time when the temperature inside the house is at the lowest after sunset is longer in FIG. 6 than in FIG. 5, so that the average value TF of the fruit temperature TF ( Since av) decreases behind the decrease in the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP, the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF is the temperature of the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP. The difference is larger in FIG. 6 than in FIG.

According to the present embodiment, since the stop time of the ventilation device 12 is controlled so that the operation time of the ventilation device 12 is long, the time during which the temperature in the house 1 is at the minimum is longer, and therefore the time is longer. Since the temperature difference between the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP is larger than in the case of FIG. 5, more photosynthetic products are transferred to the tomato fruit. Because it is possible, larger tomatoes can be cultivated.

FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a configuration of a fruit tree cultivation facility according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a control system of a plant growth diagnosis device of the fruit tree cultivation facility shown in FIG. 7. It is a block diagram of a detection system, a drive system, a display system, and an input system.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the house 1 of the fruit tree cultivation facility according to the present embodiment, the carbon dioxide supply means 43 for supplying carbon dioxide into the house 1 and the carbon dioxide concentration in the house 1 are detected. A carbon dioxide concentration sensor 38 is provided, the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is controlled by the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30, and the carbon dioxide concentration signal detected by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 38 is input to the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30. It is configured.

In this embodiment as well, as in the above embodiment, the traveling vehicle 16 is first moved by the operator to a position facing the first tomato community (1) among the plurality of tomato communities whose temperature should be measured. And will be stopped.

Next, when the power switch 41 is operated by the worker and the personal computer 30 is activated, the plant growth diagnosis device 20 is activated, and the camera position setting device 40 causes the thermography camera 22 to use the fruit temperature of the tomato community and the plant. An image of body temperature can be captured, and the tomato growth point is moved to a height position such that it is located at the upper end of the captured image and fixed at that position. Next, the thermography camera 22 is turned on, the tomato community is imaged, and the thermography image data (1) of the tomato community (1) is generated.

The thermographic image data (1) of the tomato community thus generated is sent to the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30, and the thermographic image (thermal image) is displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the personal computer 30 by the CPU 31.

Next, in the thermographic image displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the personal computer 30 by the operator, the fruit region FR (1) in which the tomato fruit was visually imaged in the first tomato community (1). ) And the plant area PR (1) in which the leaves and stems of the tomato community are imaged are selected on the screen of the display 50 using a touch pen or the like.

In this way, when the fruit region FR (1) and the plant region PR (1) are selected, the region selection signal is input from the display 50 to the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30, and the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 causes the tomato community (1). Based on the thermographic image data, the fruit temperature TF (1), which is the average temperature in the fruit region FR (1) of the first tomato community, and the plant temperature TP (1), which is the average temperature in the plant region PR (1). In addition, the community temperature TT (1), which is the average temperature of the entire thermographic image, is calculated.

The fruit temperature TF (1), the plant body temperature TP (1), and the community temperature (1) of the first tomato community (1) calculated in this way are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30.

As described above, when the fruit temperature TF (1), the plant body temperature TP (1) and the community temperature (1) of the first tomato community (1) are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30, the operator tells the operator. The power switch 41 of the personal computer 30 is turned off, and the power of the plant growth diagnosis device 20 is turned off.

Next, when the worker moves the traveling vehicle 16 to a position facing the j-th tomato community (j) and stops it, and the worker turns on the power switch 41 of the personal computer 30, the plant growth diagnosis is performed. The device 20 is activated, and the camera position setting device 40 allows the thermography camera 22 to capture an image of the fruit temperature and the plant body temperature of the tomato community, and the height position such that the growth point of the tomato is located at the upper end of the captured image. Moved to and fixed in that position. Next, the thermography camera 22 is turned on, the tomato community (j) is imaged, and the thermography image data (1) of the tomato community (j) is generated. Here, j is an integer of 2 or more and N or less, and N is the number of tomato communities whose temperature should be measured.

As a result, the j-th tomato community (j) is imaged by the thermography camera 22, and the thermographic image data (j) of the tomato community is generated.

The thermographic image data (j) of the tomato community thus generated is sent to the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30, and the thermographic image (thermal image) is displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the personal computer 30 by the CPU 31.

Next, in the thermographic image displayed on the screen of the display 50 of the personal computer 30 by the operator, the fruit region FR (j) in which the tomato fruit was visually imaged in the j-th tomato community (j) was imaged. ) And the plant region PR (j) in which the leaves and stems of the tomato community are imaged are selected on the screen of the display 50 using a touch pen or the like.

In this way, when the fruit region FR (j) and the plant region PR (j) are selected, the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 determines the fruit region FR (j) of the jth tomato community based on the thermographic image data of the tomato community. The fruit temperature TF (j), which is the average temperature in the plant, and the plant body temperature TP (j), which is the average temperature in the plant region PR (j), are calculated, and further, the community temperature TT (j), which is the average temperature of the entire thermographic image. ) Is calculated.

The fruit temperature TF (j), the plant body temperature TP (j), and the community temperature (j) of the j-th tomato community calculated in this way are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30.

This operation is repeated from j = 2 to j = N, and when the fruit temperature TF (j), the plant body temperature TP (j) and the community temperature (j) are stored in the RAM 33 of the personal computer 30, the temperature of the tomato community is measured. Is completed.

When the temperature measurement of the tomato community is completed, the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 calculates the total fruit temperature TF of the tomato community stored in the RAM 33, divides the temperature by the number N of the measured tomato communities, and divides the fruit temperature. The average value TFav of TF is calculated, the total of the plant temperature TP of the tomato community stored in the RAM 33 is calculated, and the temperature is divided by the number N of the tomato community whose temperature is measured, and the average value TP of the plant temperature TP ( av) is calculated, and the total of the community temperature TTs of the tomato communities stored in the RAM 33 is calculated, and the temperature is divided by the number N of the measured tomato communities to obtain the average value TT (av) of the community temperatures. calculate.

In this embodiment as well, as in the above embodiment, when it is recognized that the outside air temperature of the house 1 detected by the outside air temperature sensor 36 has rapidly decreased after sunset, the CPU 31 determines the average value TF of the fruit temperature TF. Watching the difference between (av) and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP is started, the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP decrease, and the fruit temperature. Even after detecting that the difference between the average value TF (av) of TF and the average value TP (av) of the plant body temperature TP becomes equal to the predetermined temperature difference ΔT, the ventilation device 12 continues to operate for a predetermined time t. After that, the operation of the ventilation device 12 is turned off and the heater 13 is operated.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, as in the above embodiment, the stop time of the ventilation device 12 is controlled so that the operation time of the ventilation device 12 becomes long, so that the temperature in the house 1 becomes the lowest. More photosynthetic products because the time spent is longer and therefore the temperature difference between the average value TF (av) of fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of plant body temperature TP is larger than in the case of FIG. Can be transferred to tomato fruits, so that larger tomatoes can be cultivated.

Further, in the present embodiment, the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30 always determines the difference between the average value TT (av) of the community temperature TT of the tomato community and the temperature in the house 1 detected by the temperature sensor 35 in the house. A certain leaf temperature difference δT is detected, and the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is configured to be controlled according to the value of the leaf temperature difference δT.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the leaf temperature difference δT defined as the difference between the average value TT (av) of the community temperature TT of the tomato community and the temperature in the house 1 detected by the temperature sensor 35 in the house. When the temperature is 0 ° C. or higher and 2 ° C. or lower, the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is operated so that the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 38 becomes 1000 ppm, and the carbon dioxide is positively discharged into the house 1. When the leaf temperature difference δT exceeds 2 ° C and is 5 ° C or less, the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 38 increases by -50 ppm each time the leaf temperature difference δT rises by 1 ° C. The operation of the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is controlled so as to decrease, and the operation of the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is controlled when the leaf temperature difference δT exceeds 5 ° C.

This is defined as the difference between the average value TT (av) of the community temperature TT of the tomato community and the temperature in the house 1 detected by the temperature sensor 35 in the house. When the leaf temperature difference δT is large, the temperature in the tomato community is large. It is based on the finding that the stomata of the leaves are easily closed and that even if carbon dioxide is supplied into the house 1, photosynthesis cannot be promoted.

According to the present embodiment, when the leaf temperature difference δT is 0 ° C. or higher and 2 ° C. or lower and it is recognized that the stomata of the tomato community are open, the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is activated and carbon dioxide is contained in the house 1. Since carbon is supplied, photosynthesis can be promoted, and when the leaf temperature difference δT exceeds 2 ° C and is 5 ° C or less, the stomata of the leaves of the tomato community become larger as the leaf temperature difference δT increases. Since it is easy to close, the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is controlled so that the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 38 decreases by -50 ppm each time the leaf temperature difference δT increases by 1 ° C. Therefore, the tomato community Depending on the opening of the stomata of the leaves, photosynthesis can be promoted and carbon dioxide can be prevented from being unnecessarily supplied into the house 1. Further, when the leaf temperature difference δT exceeds 5 ° C. and it is recognized that the pores of the leaves of the tomato community are closed, the operation of the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is stopped, so that carbon dioxide is unnecessary in the house 1. It becomes possible to prevent the supply to.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the supply of carbon dioxide when it is not needed.

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of the traveling vehicle 16 of the fruit tree cultivation facility according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a plant growth of the fruit tree cultivation facility provided with the traveling vehicle 16 shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of a control system, a detection system, a drive system, a display system and an input system of a diagnostic apparatus.

As shown in FIG. 9, the plant growth diagnostic device 20 provided in the traveling vehicle 16 of the fruit tree cultivation facility according to the present embodiment further has a color camera 26 whose height position can be changed by the camera position setting device 40. And, an air injection means 14 for injecting air is provided, and as shown in FIG. 10, the color camera 26 and the air injection means 14 are configured to be controlled by the CPU 31 of the personal computer 30.

In the present embodiment, the air injection means 14 is configured to work with the color camera 26 so that its height position is set to the same height position as the height position of the color camera 26.

Also in this embodiment, the difference between the average value TF (av) of the fruit temperature TF and the average value TP (av) of the temperature of the leaves and the stem is the target temperature as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. The operation of the ventilation device 12 is controlled so as to make a difference, and the average value TT (av) of the community temperature TT of the tomato community and the average value TT (av) in the house 1 are similar to those shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The operation of the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is controlled according to the value of the leaf temperature difference δT defined as the difference from the temperature.

In addition, in this embodiment, each time the traveling vehicle 16 stops in front of the tomato community (k), the camera position setting device 40 moves the color camera 26 to a position where the flowering flower cluster of the tomato community can be photographed. Since the air injection means 14 is also moved to a height position facing the flower cluster of the fruit tree in conjunction with the movement of the color camera 26, air can be reliably blown from the air ejection means 14 to the flower cluster, and therefore, a bee. It is possible to pollinate flower clusters even for several days after spraying pesticides that cannot be pollinated in flowering flower clusters. Here, k is an integer of 1 or more and N or less.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

For example, in the above embodiment, the tomato community is targeted as a fruit tree, but the fruit tree having fruits and flower clusters is not limited to the tomato community.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when the leaf temperature difference δT is 0 ° C. or higher and 2 ° C. or lower, the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 38 is 1000 ppm. , The carbon dioxide supply means 43 is operated to positively replenish the carbon dioxide in the house 1, and when the leaf temperature difference δT exceeds 2 ° C and is 5 ° C or less, the leaf temperature difference δT is 1 ° C. The operation of the carbon dioxide supply means 43 is controlled so that the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 38 decreases by -50 ppm each time it rises, and when the leaf temperature difference δT exceeds 5 ° C, carbon dioxide is supplied. Although the operation of the means 43 is controlled to be stopped, such control is only an example, and the carbon dioxide supply means 43 can be controlled by a different algorithm.

1 House 3 Medium 5 Wire 6 Hook 7 Incentive string 10 Fine fog device 11 Blackout curtain 12 Ventilation means 13 Heater 14 Air injection means 15 Rail 16 Traveling vehicle 20 Plant growth diagnostic device 22 Thermography camera 24 Prop 26 Color camera 30 Personal computer 31 CPU
32 ROM
33 RAM
35 House temperature sensor 36 Outside air temperature sensor 38 Carbon dioxide sensor 40 Camera position setting device 43 Carbon dioxide supply means 50 Display 51 Power switch

Claims (4)

A house, a traveling vehicle traveling in the house, and a ventilation means for ventilating the inside of the house are provided.
The traveling vehicle is provided with an image device that captures an image of an area of fruits and an image of an area of foliage.
Further, a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of the fruit area and the temperature of the foliage area based on the image captured by the image device, and a temperature measuring device.
A temperature difference calculating means for calculating the temperature difference between the temperature of the fruit area and the temperature of the foliage area measured by the temperature measuring device, and
A fruit tree cultivation facility provided with a control means for controlling the ventilation time of the ventilation means so that the temperature difference becomes a target temperature difference. The fruit tree cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring device is configured by a thermography camera. Further, a carbon dioxide supply means for supplying carbon dioxide into the house and a temperature sensor in the house for measuring the temperature in the house are provided.
The temperature measuring device measures the temperature of the upper area of the fruit tree.
The temperature difference calculating means is configured to calculate the temperature difference between the temperature in the upper area of the fruit tree measured by the temperature measuring device and the temperature in the house measured by the temperature sensor in the house.
When the temperature difference calculated by the temperature difference calculating means is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature difference, the control means drives the carbon dioxide supply means in accordance with the temperature difference, and carbon dioxide is contained in the housing. The fruit tree cultivation facility according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is configured to supply. The traveling vehicle is further equipped with a color camera capable of detecting a flower cluster of a fruit tree and an air injection means for injecting air.
The air injection means is configured to work with the color camera so that its height position is the same as the height position of the color camera.
The claim is characterized in that each time the traveling vehicle is stopped, the color camera is moved to a position where the fruit tree flower cluster can be detected, and the air injection means is configured to inject air into the fruit tree flower cluster. The fruit tree cultivation facility according to any one of 1 to 3.

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