JP2022092411A - Energy management bilayer window glass structure and system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an energy management bilayer window glass structure with high reliability and subjected to IoT, and a system using the same.SOLUTION: An IoT control device is arranged inside a sealed space of a bilayer window glass structure. The IoT control device comprises: a power source for converting physical energy supplied from others into power; a power storage apparatus into which the power is charged and can discharge; and a power management circuit for supplying either the power generated by the power source or the power discharged by the power storage apparatus to an apparatus requiring power while controlling a charge of the power generated by the power source to the power storage apparatus, and further comprises: a sensor for acquiring the bilayer window glass structure or a peripheral state parameter; a wireless module for transmitting the state parameter as data wirelessly; and an antenna for transmitting and receiving radio wave transmitting the data to and from the outside, wherein an indoor environment is controlled by an external controller.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention detects the surrounding conditions of the multi-layer window glass structure such as temperature and illuminance in a multi-layer window glass structure used for windows of houses and other buildings and a system using the same, and wireless communication is performed. Energy management multi-layer window glass structure and its energy management to provide information necessary for controlling external equipment of the multi-layer window glass structure and to prepare an energy-saving indoor environment by controlling such equipment with high accuracy. It is related to the system using.

Conventionally, windowpanes used in houses and other buildings are double-layered windows with an air layer sandwiched between the windowpanes in order to prevent deterioration of the indoor environment due to the inflow and outflow of heat between the outside and the inside. It is known that the use of glass improves heat insulation performance, reduces heat entering through windows, prevents indoor heat from being released to the outside, and saves energy required for indoor heating and cooling. Has been done.

Further, in such a double glazing, a thin metal film having low radiant heat is formed on the glass surface in order to further enhance the "low emissivity" performance called Low-E (Low Emissivity). Low-E double glazing is also known, which can reduce the heat load caused by solar radiation or the like by using "Low-E glass" and can further save energy.

However, although these techniques improve the thermal performance of the window glass itself and reduce the heat inflow and outflow inside and outside the room, they cannot completely block the heat inflow and outflow, and the heat inflow and outflow sometimes occurs depending on the season and time. Since it changes from moment to moment, in order to control the inflow and outflow of heat more efficiently, it is necessary to install additional equipment such as blinds and to perform appropriate heating and cooling control according to the condition around the window. It is expected that further energy saving will be achieved.

As such an example, for example, a double glazing window door with an automatic blind as described in Patent Document 1 is known.

This double glazing window door with automatic blind surrounds a double glazing structure in which two pieces of glass are hermetically separated by sandwiching a spacer for double glazing, and the peripheral edge of the double glazing structure. A window frame, a blind electric unit installed near the inner upper side of the double glazing structure, and an automatic blind suspended above the internal space of the double glazing structure and opened and closed according to the operation of the blind electric unit. And have.

In the double glazing window door described in Patent Document 1, in addition to obtaining the energy saving effect of the double glazing, the blind electric unit allows the electric motor and the blind angle or ascending / descending according to the rotation of the blind rotating shaft. The adjustment wire that adjusts the amount, the optical sensor that senses the amount of operation of the blind by the adjustment wire by counting the number of rotations of the rotating shaft, and the forward / reverse rotation and power supply of the motor based on the remote control signal and the counting signal by the optical sensor. It is provided with a control unit having a central processing unit for transmitting a signal for controlling the supply, and automatically and remotely controls the raising and lowering of the blind to efficiently control the inflow and outflow of heat.

Further, for example, a cooling / heating system in which a wall material having a laminated structure of heat-generating glass and a heat insulating material is arranged on a window glass as described in Patent Document 2 is also known.

In this air-conditioning system, in an air-conditioning system that controls indoor temperature, a multi-layer glass having heat-generating glass on at least one surface is arranged on a window glass, and a wall material having a laminated structure of heat-generating glass and a heat insulating material is arranged on a wall surface. This is an air-conditioning system in which an air conditioner is arranged inside the ceiling and an opening is formed in the ceiling to be connected to a ventilation port that communicates with the air outlet of the air conditioner and performs intake and exhaust to and from the outside.

The air-conditioning system described in Patent Document 2 makes it possible to efficiently warm the air in the room in winter to keep the temperature distribution in the height direction of the room uniform, and to install an air conditioner inside the ceiling. By arranging it, the heating effect by the double-layered glass and the heating wall is high in winter, so in most cases, heating by the air conditioner is not required, and even if heating by the air conditioner is required, it is the minimum necessary heater. It becomes possible to perform more efficient heating.

Although the double glazing window doors and air conditioning systems as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 contribute to energy saving and efficient air conditioning to some extent, the situations in which such effects can be obtained are limited, and various environments are available. It was difficult to achieve highly accurate energy-saving control in response to changes in the window.

In order to perform more accurate energy-saving control, for example, if a sensor that acquires ambient state parameters such as temperature and illuminance is externally attached to the window glass, the sensor may be deformed or damaged due to external force, and it is reliable. Not only does it reduce the quality and life of the window, but it also complicates the manufacture and construction of multi-layer window glass by the protrusion of the sensor part on the surface of the window and the routing of the wiring that supplies power to the sensor. However, there is a possibility that problems to be solved may occur from the viewpoint of thinning and improving the appearance.

Further, when such a sensor is installed only on the indoor side, it is not possible to acquire state parameters such as outdoor temperature and illuminance, and there is a limit to performing highly accurate control from this point as well.

In addition, control and energy saving of other equipment that uses energy in buildings, such as lighting, are not considered, and it is difficult to perform highly accurate and efficient energy saving control in combination with this point. Met.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-112218 International Publication No. 2006/083027

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a conventional problem, and in order to solve the above problem, the present invention is provided with an independent power source for enabling operation without supplying power from the outside by wiring or the like. Highly reliable IoT that can easily detect indoor and outdoor conditions with sensors, etc., has a wireless communication function, and can perform energy management that can be controlled by indoor and outdoor controllers, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide an energy management multi-layer window glass structure and a system using the same.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has adopted the following configuration.

That is, the window frame and
The double glazing whose peripheral edge is surrounded by the window frame,
A spacer arranged on the peripheral edge of the double glazing and separating a plurality of pieces of glass from each other,
A double-glazed window glass structure comprising a closed space formed by the window frame and the double glazing, and partitioning a space on the indoor side and a space on the outdoor side.
An IoT control device is arranged inside the enclosed space.
The IoT control device is a power source that converts at least physical energy supplied from others into electric power.
The power storage device whose electric power can be charged and discharged, and
While controlling the charging of the electric power generated by the electric power source to the electric power storage device, at least one of the electric power generated by the electric power source and the electric power discharged by the electric power storage device is supplied to the electric power-requiring device. Equipped with a power management circuit,
Further, a sensor that acquires the state parameter of the double glazing structure or the surroundings, and
A wireless module that changes and demolishes the state parameters acquired by the sensor as data so that it can be transmitted wirelessly.
An energy management double glazing structure, including an antenna that transmits and receives radio waves that transmit data to and from the outside of the enclosed space of the double glazing structure by the output of the wireless module.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the power source may be composed of at least one of a photoelectric conversion device, a thermoelectric conversion device, a wireless power receiving device, and a piezoelectric conversion device.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor that acquires the state parameter is a temperature sensor that acquires at least one of the state parameters of the multi-layer window glass structure, the indoor space, and the outdoor space. At least one of a humidity sensor, an image pickup camera, an optical or infrared sensor or an electromagnetic wave sensor, an ultrasonic sensor or a microphone, a pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, a distance sensor, a vibration sensor or an acceleration sensor, a gas sensor or a liquid sensor. It may be a thing.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the power storage device may be composed of a capacitor or a secondary battery.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the enclosed space may be filled with nitrogen or other inert gas.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the IoT control device may be arranged on the peripheral edge of the double glazing.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the IoT control device may include a housing and may be arranged between the plurality of glasses.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the IoT control device may be attached to at least one of the indoor side and / or the outdoor side glass.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the IoT control device may include at least one substrate.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the IoT control device may include at least two substrates and may be provided so as to face the glass on the indoor side and the outdoor side.

As one embodiment of the present invention, in the IoT control device, at least the power source, the power storage device, the power supply management circuit, the sensor, the wireless module, and the antenna are provided on both the indoor side and the outdoor side of the substrate. It may be distributed and arranged on each of the surfaces of the surface or the substrate.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the IoT control device includes one substrate, and the power source, the power supply management circuit, and the sensor are provided on the outdoor surface of the substrate, and the substrate is described. The power source, the power storage device, the wireless module, the sensor, and the antenna may be provided on the indoor surface.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the device of the other party that transmits and receives radio waves to and from the antenna of the energy management multi-layer window glass structure includes a communication device capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves. System, but also good.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the device of the other party that transmits and receives radio waves to and from the antenna of the energy management multi-layer window glass structure is at least one of an air conditioning device, a window shielding device, a lighting device, and an energy management controller. It may be an energy management multi-layer window glass structure system.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the window shielding device may be an energy management double glazing structure system, which is at least one of a blind, a transmission adjusting glass, or a curtain.

According to the configuration of the energy management multi-layer window glass structure of the present invention and the system using the same, a power source, a power storage device, a power supply management circuit, a sensor, and a wireless module are contained inside the enclosed space of the multi-layer window glass structure. And since the IoT control device including the antenna is arranged, it is possible to easily acquire the state parameters such as the temperature and the illuminance of the indoor and outdoor of the multi-layer window glass structure and itself.
Further, since the degree of freedom in arranging the IoT control device inside the double glazing structure is large, it is possible to easily acquire the state parameter of the required place.
Furthermore, since the IoT control device is arranged inside the double glazing structure, it may be deformed or damaged by external force, or deteriorated by various environmental stresses due to the influence of corrosive gas in the atmosphere, floating dust, humidity, etc. Can be prevented.
In addition, even when constructing a multi-layer window glass structure, the IoT control device is a structure integrated with the multi-layer window glass, so that it can be easily installed.

A block diagram showing a form of a control circuit of an IoT control device. Side view sectional view showing one form of an IoT control device Rear view showing one form of IoT control device A side view structure view and a perspective view showing one form of a double glazing structure in which an IoT control device is arranged. Front view sectional view showing one form of a double glazing structure in which an IoT control device is arranged. Side view structural view showing various forms of the double glazing structure in which the IoT control device is arranged. Schematic diagram of a double glazing structure in which an IoT control device is arranged Thermal transmission equivalent circuit

As will be described later, the energy management double glazing structure 10 of the present invention includes a window frame 14, double glazings 11a and 11b whose peripheral edges are surrounded by the window frame 14, and the double glazing 11a and 11b. A spacer 13 arranged on the peripheral edge of the window and for separating a plurality of double glazings 11a and 11b from each other, and a closed space 12 formed by the window frame 14 and the double glazings 11a and 11b are provided. In the double glazing 11a and 11b that divide the space on the indoor side and the space on the outdoor side, the IoT control device 1 is arranged in the closed space 12.

Further, the IoT control device 1 is operated by an independent power source, acquires a state parameter of the multi-layer window glass structure 10 itself or its surroundings and transmits it as data, and obtains state parameters (physical parameters) as data. It is used as a system that performs energy management etc. by the controller received as.

Hereinafter, the energy management double glazing structure of the present invention and the first embodiment of the system using the same will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a form of the IoT control device of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, in the IoT control device 1 arranged in the closed space 12 of the energy management multi-layer window glass structure 10, each electronic component is arranged on a substrate 8, and as one of them, as an independent power source. A photoelectric conversion device, that is, a solar cell 2, which is a power source for converting sunlight, which is physical energy supplied from another source, into electric power is provided. The solar cell 2 can convert not only the light energy of sunlight but also the light energy of indoor lighting into electric power by photoelectric conversion, and any form of solar cell can be used.

Amorphous silicon or dye-sensitized type solar cells can be used as the power source, and if a photoelectric conversion element that generates electricity with lower illuminance as in the latter is used, the substrate 8 can be made smaller and IoT controlled. The device 1 can be made smaller.

As the electric power source, any power source other than the solar cell 2 that can convert physical energy into electric power in a non-contact manner and can be an independent electric power source can be used. For example, various devices such as other photoelectric conversion devices, thermoelectric conversion devices, wireless power receiving devices, and piezoelectric conversion devices can be used as power sources, and not only one of them but also multiple types can be used. It is possible.

Further, as a power storage device capable of charging the electric power from the electric power source and discharging the electric power, an electric double layer capacitor (ELDC) 3 is connected to the solar cell 2. As the power storage device, a secondary battery such as a Li ion storage battery can be used in addition to the ELDC3.

Further, the electric power generated by the solar cell 2 which is the power source is basically charged in the electric double layer capacitor (ELDC) 3 which is a power storage device and is stored there, but the SOC of the power storage device (State of charge), that is, there is a limit to the power stored in the power storage device depending on the charging state or the charging rate, and it is necessary to manage the upper and lower limits of the SOC.

This SOC changes at any time due to the discharge accompanying the power supply to the sensor 4 and the wireless module 5 (both described later) as power receiving parts that are devices that require the power of the power storage device, so when managing the SOC. Must be done in consideration of the power to be discharged. For example, when the SOC of the power storage device is insufficient or the power is temporarily insufficient due to the power consumption of the power receiving component, the power generated by the solar cell 2 which is the power source is directly supplied to the power receiving component. Or, a part or all of the electric power is distributed for charging the solar cell 1 which is a power storage device, or the power generated by the solar cell 2 which is the power source and the power generated by the discharge of the power storage device are combined. Precise power distribution management is required according to the power generated by the power source, the SOC of the power storage device, and the power consumption of the power receiving parts, such as supplying power to the power receiving parts.

Therefore, in order to manage the distribution of these electric powers, the power supply management circuit 7 is installed in the IoT control device 1. The power supply management circuit 7 controls not only the power distribution from the solar cell 2 to the EDLC 3 but also the power distribution of the solar cell 2 and / or the EDLC 3 to the power receiving component. Since many specific forms of such a power supply management circuit 7 are known in various devices including a power source, a power storage device, and a power receiving component, description thereof will be omitted here.

The IoT control device 1 further includes a sensor 4 for acquiring state parameters such as the temperature of the double glazing structure 10 itself or the ambient temperature and the illuminance.

Here, the sensor 4 acquires the illuminance as a physical parameter which is a state parameter, but the state parameters of the multi-layer window glass structure itself or the surroundings acquired by the sensor 4 are temperature, humidity, image, and light. , Infrared, electromagnetic wave, sound wave, ultrasonic wave, pressure, magnetism, distance, vibration, acceleration, gas (gas), strength of liquid, size, presence / absence, etc. It may be, or it may be the one that acquires a plurality of parameters.

The sensor 4 for acquiring such parameters includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an image pickup camera, an optical or infrared sensor or an electromagnetic wave sensor, an ultrasonic sensor or a microphone, a pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, a distance sensor, a vibration sensor or an acceleration sensor, and the like. Examples include gas sensors and liquid sensors.

As the sensors 4, any one can be used as an integrated sensor capable of acquiring a plurality of parameters, or by combining a plurality of sensors.

The IoT control device 1 modulates the acquired state parameters as data so that it can be wirelessly transmitted to and from an externally arranged controller for energy management (not shown), and demodulates the radio waves transmitted from the controller. The wireless module 5 is provided with an antenna 6 for transmitting and receiving radio waves for transmitting data between the wireless module 5 and the outside of the closed space 12 of the multi-layer window glass structure 10 by the output of the wireless module.

Here, the controller may be any as long as it is equipped with a communication device capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from the antenna 6 of the energy management double glazing structure 10.

The controller does not have to be dedicated to the IoT control device 1, but it is sufficient if it has a built-in communication protocol capable of communicating with the IoT control device 1. For example, even if it is a general-purpose device, it suffices if the originally provided transmission / reception device has a control function that uses the communication protocol for the IoT control device 1 and the state parameters obtained by the communication protocol, and it may be installed later. It doesn't matter. Further, it goes without saying that the controller for the IoT control device 1 may be retrofitted and connected to the device.

As a controller for energy management that communicates with such an IoT control device 1, for example, an air conditioner in a building such as a smart home, a lighting device, a window shield, a hot / cold water device, a power generation device, a fuel cell, and the like. Examples include PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electrical Battery), grid chargers and other devices that can consume or store energy.

As the window shield, known devices and equipment such as blinds, transparency adjusting glass, and curtains can be used.

The IoT control device 1 changes and demodulates the state parameters acquired by the radio module 5 supplied with the power management circuit 7 from the solar cell 2 which is a power source and the EDLC 3 which is a power storage device as data. The transmitted wave is sent to the antenna 6, and the state parameter is transmitted from the antenna 6 to the controller arranged outside.

Here, the wireless module 5 and the antenna 6 communicate with each other by radio waves. In principle, in addition to radio waves, ultrasonic waves, light, and other non-contact communication means can also be used. In such a case, the wireless module will include an ultrasonic modulator / demodulator and an optical modulator / demodulator depending on the communication means, and the antenna will be replaced with a speaker or a light emitting device.

When communicating by radio waves, any communication means may be used, but specifically, a weak wireless communication device in the 2.4 GHz band, a specific low power communication device, a WiFi communication device, and Bluetooth (R). Various devices such as communication devices, various public wireless line communication devices in the 700 MHz to 30 GHz band, PHS communication devices, Local-5G communication devices, satellite communication devices, and other radios having a specific frequency and power can be mentioned. Any communication means may be used, and the type, frequency, antenna power, allowable value of occupied frequency bandwidth, and communication method are not limited.

FIG. 2 shows a side view sectional view showing one form of the IoT control device.
The one shown in FIG. 2 shows a form focusing on the illuminance of light as a state parameter. In the figure, the thickness direction of the IoT control device 1 is shown in the vertical direction, and the arrangement of each electronic component is shown when the cross section is viewed from the side.

In the IoT control device 1, each electronic component is arranged on the front and back surfaces (corresponding to the upper surface and the lower surface of the figure, respectively) with the substrate 8 for arranging the electronic components 2 to 7 as the center, and the thickness thereof is set. It is as thin as about 6 mm or less. In this way, if each of the electronic components 2 to 7 is composed of thin components, the IoT control device 1 itself can be configured as a very thin component having only the thickness of the substrate 8 and each of the electronic components 2 to 7. It can be easily arranged in a narrow space such as the closed space 12 of the multi-layer window glass structure 10.

The thickness is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or less than the separation distance between the double glazings 11a and 11b in the closed space 12 of the double glazing structure 10, and is between the double glazings 11a and 11b. If the separation distance is, for example, about 10 mm, it can be arranged with a margin.

By arranging the IoT control device 1 in the closed space 12 of the double glazing structure 10 in this way, each electronic component such as the sensor 4 of the IoT control device 1 is made of a plurality of double glazing and the window frame 14. The energy management double glazing structure 10 can be easily manufactured, transported, and constructed without protruding outward or causing protrusions, and does not spoil the aesthetic appearance.

If the thickness of the IoT control device 1 and the separation distance between the double glazings 11a and 11b are the same (for example, about 6 mm), the IoT control device 1 is housed without a gap between the double glazing windows, so that the IoT control can be performed. Only the double glazings 11a and 11b are interposed between the device 1 and the indoor and outdoor areas, so that the solar cell 2 as a power source can receive the indoor and outdoor light without waste, and the state parameters acquired by the sensor 4 can be obtained. It can be detected with high accuracy.

Further, the sensor 4 of the IoT control device 1, the substrate 8 and the like can be sandwiched between the two double glazing 11a and 11b, and the energy management double glazing structure 10 can be transported and suddenly moved during construction. It is possible to prevent the IoT control device 1 from being deformed or damaged when it is generated or when an external force is applied.

In the figure, the front surface of the substrate 8 is oriented toward the outdoor side of the double glazing structure 10, and the back surface thereof is oriented toward the indoor side of the double glazing structure 10.

A solar cell 2a, a power supply management circuit 7, an illuminance sensor, etc. 4a are arranged on the surface of the substrate 8 oriented to the outdoor side in order from the left side of the figure, and the sun is arranged on the back surface of the substrate oriented to the indoor side. A battery 2b, an EDLC3, a wireless module 5, an illuminance sensor and the like 4b, and an antenna 6 are arranged.

The power supply management circuit 7 and the EDLC 3 are arranged close to the solar cells 2a and 2b which are power sources, but the arrangement can be implemented in any form.

On the other hand, since the solar cells 2a and b are arranged on the front and back surfaces of the substrate 8, the indoor and outdoor light energies are received without leakage on both sides of the substrate 8, and the amount of power generated as a power source is determined. Can be increased.

Further, by arranging the illuminance sensors 4a and b on both sides of the substrate, it is possible to individually acquire the illuminance inside and outside the room. This accurately detects the illuminance inside and outside the room and contributes to precise energy management.

The antenna 6 that communicates with an external controller is arranged at the end of the board 8 in consideration of the certainty of communication.

The solar cell 2a located on the outdoor side mainly receives and generates sunlight from the outdoor side, and the illuminance sensor 4a acquires the illuminance of the outdoor side, while the solar cell 2b located on the indoor side is used for indoor lighting and the sun. The illuminance sensor 4b acquires the illuminance in the room by receiving the indoor light such as scattered light or reflected light on the indoor side of the light to generate electricity.

The electric power generated by the solar cells 2a and 2b is charged in the EDLC 3 and supplied to the power receiving component under the control of the power supply management circuit 7. The wireless module 5, which is a power receiving component, modulates the illuminance, which is a state parameter acquired by the illuminance sensors 4a and b, into a transmission wave, and operates so that the antenna 6 can transmit data to an external controller.

FIG. 3 shows a rear view showing one form of the IoT control device.
In the figure, when viewed from the back side (lower side) of the substrate of FIG. 2 oriented toward the indoor side, the substrate is substantially square, and there are solar cells 2b, EDLC3, power supply management circuit 7, illuminance sensor 4b, and wireless. Modules 5 and antennas 6 are arranged in substantially two rows.

Here, the antenna 6 has a substantially L-shaped shape as a whole along the two sides of the substrate 8, and is configured by combining linear long and short striatum as shown in the figure. In consideration of the directivity of the antenna, multiple antennas whose resonance regions overlap in relation to the wavelength are arranged at right angles so that radio waves can be radiated in two directions and radio waves can be received from two directions. It was done. As a result, the directivity range of the antenna can be expanded and communication with the controller can be performed more reliably.

Further, as another form, it is possible to assign transmission / reception by different frequencies to each antenna, or to assign each controller to each antenna in order to perform smooth transmission / reception to a plurality of controllers. .. In short, it is possible to appropriately arrange antennas and allocate radio waves according to the communication method and the protocol of the radio wave communication means.

On the other hand, although the layout view seen from the front side (upper side) of the substrate 8 of FIG. 2 oriented to the outdoor side is omitted, various electronic components other than the EDLC3, the power supply management circuit 7, and the antenna 6 are oriented toward the indoor side. It is appropriately arranged in the same manner as the back side (lower side) of the substrate 8 in FIG. 2 (not shown). When the controller is installed on the outdoor side, the antenna 6 may be arranged on the back side (lower side) of the substrate 8.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view and a side view of a form in which the IoT control device 1 is incorporated in the double glazing structure 10.

The form shown in FIG. 4 shows a double glazing structure 10 in which the IoT control device 1 is integrally incorporated in a closed space 12 between two double glazings 11a and 11b constituting the double glazing. There is.

The two double glazings 11a and 11b of the double glazing structure 10 are arranged so as to be separated from each other by a spacer 13 (described later), for example, about 6 mm to 16 mm.

The double glazing structure 10 may be composed of only two double glazings 11a and 11b on the indoor side and the outdoor side as described above, but further floats between the two double glazings. A total of three double glazing layers, for example, three layers or four or more layers, in which a total of three double glazings are laminated at intervals of about 6 to 10 mm with a plate glass (not shown) interposed therebetween can be used.

The separation distance between the double glazings 11a and 11b described above merely exemplifies a suitable value, and is not limited to the range of the value.

In any of the double glazing structures 10, in order to form a closed space between the double glazings 11a and 11b, the spacer 13 is formed in the connection region of the peripheral portion of the double glazing 11a and 11b with the window frame 14. The double glazing 11a and 11b are separated from each other, and the outermost peripheral side is sealed with a seal.

If necessary, the spacer 13 is mixed with a desiccant having a moisture absorbing function to absorb moisture (water vapor) that has entered into the closed space during manufacturing or before construction, and moisture that has entered after construction. It is possible to absorb (water vapor), stabilize the environment in the closed space of the multi-layer window glass, and improve the performance of the multi-layer window glass.

The closed space 12 of the multi-layer window glass structure 10 may be maintained in a state of low thermal conductivity or thermal transmissivity without lowering the visible light transmittance, and may be in a vacuum. Since there is a pressure difference with the outside air, the separation distance (thickness of the closed space) between the double glazings 11a and 11b, the area of the window glass, the presence or absence of spacers, the shape, the number, etc., or the filling between the double glazings. Various gases including air may be sealed in consideration of the presence or absence of a material (for example, resin, another spacer, etc.), the shape, and the like.

When the gas is sealed in the closed space 12 of the double glazing structure 10, it is preferable to use a low-activity or inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, and it is preferable to use a gas that does not contain water vapor. By using such a gas having low activity or no activity, the product performance is deteriorated or deteriorated due to dew condensation or wetting on the glass surface on the closed space 12 side of the double glazing 11a and 11b, and the appearance and visible light transmittance are deteriorated. Can be prevented from decreasing.

The gas in the closed space 12 is not limited to one type, and may be a mixed gas of argon and nitrogen, or a mixed gas of a plurality of low-active or inert gases.

Since the IoT control device 1 is arranged in a low-activity or inert gas atmosphere in such a closed space 12, it exists in the atmosphere as in the case where an electric component is provided outside the multi-layer window glass. Due to the influence of corrosive gas, floating dust, humidity, etc., the copper wiring pattern is corroded and broken over time, the contact resistance of the connector is increased, insulation is lowered and short circuit is caused, and the deterioration of each electronic component is caused by environmental stress. The environment resistance and life are improved.

Further, as described above, since the IoT control device 1 includes the self-sustaining power source 2, it is not necessary to provide wiring or the like for power supply from the closed space 12 to the outside, and the sealed space 12 can be sealed more reliably. It will be a thing.

In the double glazing structure 10, in addition to laminating the double glazing 11a and 11b as described above, the double glazing structure 10 further has "low emissivity" called Low-E (Low Emissivity) on the double glazing 11a and 11b. By using "Low-E glass" in which a thin metal film with low radiant heat is formed on the glass surface to improve performance, the solar heat generated by the radiant heat of the sun is reduced and the heat inside the room is reduced. The load can be further reduced. Further, the heat insulating property of the low-E metal thin film itself further improves the heat insulating performance of the double glazing structure 10.

Further, any method or glass composition of the double glazing 11a, 11b itself of the double glazing structure 10 is selected, but the heat acquisition rate and specific heat of the double glazing 11a, 11b themselves are also determined. A low one is preferable because it affects the heat load on the inside.

By using such a double glazing structure 10, heat insulation, heat insulation, dew resistance (dew condensation prevention performance), sound insulation, etc. between the indoor side and the outdoor side are improved, and the heat in the room is improved. It is possible to save energy by reducing the load.

In the case of a three-layer double glazing structure, it is preferable to arrange the IoT control device 1 in any of the closed spaces 12 between the double glazings.

In the figure, the hatched housing portion is the IoT control device 1. The IoT control device 1 itself is composed of electronic components 2 to 7 arranged on the substrate 8, but may be configured as a housing in this way depending on the arrangement form in the double glazing structure 10. , The substrate 8 can be attached to at least one of the double glazings 11a and 11b of the double glazing structure 10, and the substrate can be attached to any place between the double glazings 11a and 11b. The form is arbitrary.

The IoT control device 1 may be arranged at the upper part or the lower part of the double glazing structure 10. When considering the function as a window glass, it is arranged adjacent to the connection portion of the peripheral portion of the double glazing 11a and 11b with the window frame 14, which is a position that is difficult for humans to visually recognize or is inconspicuous. Is preferable.

As shown in the figure, in the case of a housing, electronic parts such as the solar cell 2, the sensor 4, and the antenna 6 installed on the wall of the housing are placed on the indoor side and the outdoor side of the two double glazings 11a and 11b. By arranging it so as to be in contact with the inner glass surface of the glazing, it is possible not only to enhance the function as the IoT control device 1, but also to handle it as a unit when the IoT control device 1 is incorporated between the double glazing 11a and 11b. This makes it easier to manufacture double glazing.

It is also possible to configure the housing as follows. That is, the state parameters can be acquired by the sensor 4, the physical energy that becomes the power source 2 is passed through, and the housing is made of a material that enables communication from the antenna 6, so that the housing is formed on the wall surface of the housing. Good functionality can be achieved without installing electronic components. In that case, for example, the housing may be made of a transparent resin molded product, may be a housing provided with a frame made of metal or a window, or may be a combination of resin and metal. There may be.

FIG. 5 shows a front view of a form in which a plurality of IoT control devices are provided in a double glazing structure.
In the figure, a total of six IoT control devices 1 are arranged on the left and right sides of the upper part, the middle part, and the lower part of the double glazing structure 10.

With such an arrangement, even if there is a difference in the state parameters in the indoor / outdoor height and the lateral direction of the double glazing structure 10, it is possible to individually acquire the state parameters. ..

For example, the distribution of indoor air-conditioning temperature / humidity differs depending on the height from the floor and the air-conditioning distance / direction from the air conditioner. It is also possible to deal with the case where is required. In addition, when combined with a motion sensor provided separately, it is possible to control the location of a person to the optimum temperature, humidity, and illuminance based on the state parameters.

In addition, by measuring the illuminance inside and outside the room, it is possible to accurately distinguish and detect the timing of dusk and dawn.

In this case, by learning and detecting the pattern of change in illuminance for each double glazing structure 10, it is possible to acquire and control the state parameters based on the structure peculiar to the building such as a house with higher accuracy. It becomes.

FIG. 6 shows various forms in which a thin IoT control device in which each electronic component is arranged on a substrate is assembled on a double glazing.

FIG. 6A shows an example in which one thin IoT control device 1 is provided on each side of the double glazing 11 on the upper part of the double glazing structure 10. Similarly, FIG. 6B shows an example in which a thin IoT control device 1 is provided on each side of the double glazing 11 at the lower part of the double glazing structure 10.

FIG. 6C shows an example in which two IoT control devices 1 are provided in the double glazing structure 10. The example on the left side of FIG. 6 (c) is an example in which two IoT control devices 1 are assembled so as to face the double glazing 11 on the front and back sides of the double glazing structure, and the example in the center is an example in FIG. An example in which the IoT control device 1 is provided on the upper part and the lower part of the double glazing 11 on one side, which is similar to that shown in FIG. This is an example in which the IoT control device 1 is provided at the upper part of the above and the lower part of the double glazing 11 on the other side.

6 (d) is an example in which three IoT control devices 1 are provided in the double glazing structure 10, and an example in which the example on the left side and the example in the center of FIG. 6 (c) are combined. This is an example of arranging it upside down.

In FIG. 6 (e), two IoT control devices 1 provided so as to face each other of the double glazing 11 on the front and back sides of the double glazing structure 10 are provided on the upper and lower portions of the double glazing 11. This is an example in which a total of four IoT control devices 1 are assembled.

The examples of FIGS. 6A to 6E are appropriately optimized in consideration of whether to acquire the indoor side or outdoor state parameter, or at which height position the state parameter is to be acquired. The form may be adopted, and six IoT control devices 1 as shown in FIG. 5 may be provided on each of the two double glazings 11 to provide a total of 12 IoT control devices 1 or the double glazing. When a plurality of windows are provided in the width direction when viewed from the front of the window glass structure 10, they may adopt different forms shown in FIGS. 6A to 6E.

An example of the IoT control device 1 used for the double glazing structure 10 described above is shown below.

(1) Wireless module: TWELITE BLUE (TWE-L-U) (manufactured by MONO WIRELESS)
Operating voltage: 2.0-3.6V
Transmission current: 15.3mA / 23.3mA
Standby current: 0.1 μA
(2) Illuminance sensor: TSL2561 (manufactured by TAOS), visible light / infrared, I2C interface
Operating voltage: 2.4V to 5.5V
Operating current consumption: 140 μA
Shutdown current: 0.01 μA
(3) Antenna: Thin antenna (MW-A-P2525) (manufactured by MONO WIRELESS)
(4) EDLC (Electric Double Layer Capacitor): EDLC252520-351-2F-21
Capacity: 350mF (manufactured by TDK)
(5) Solar cell: AM-5815 (manufactured by Panasonic)
Maximum output power 6mW, 5.2V, 1.1mA
(6) Power supply management circuit: TWE-EH-S (manufactured by MONO WIRELESS)

According to this example, for example, the following performance can be obtained.
(1) Illuminance sensor resolution: 16 bits
(2) Data transmission interval: 1 time / minute (3) Electric double layer capacitor Charging time: Fully charged in 2 hours and 20 minutes (4) Operable time without charging: Approximately 3 days (5) Size: 50 mm x 50 mm × 6 mm
(6) Number of receivable transmission modules: Multiple

The solar cells 2a and b incorporated in the substrate 8 of the IoT control device 1 are made of amorphous silicon, and can generate power even in low-illuminance sunlight or indoor scattered light. .. By collecting the generated power, storing it in the ELDC3, and using the chip of the wireless module 5 with ultra-low power consumption, for example, even if there is no external light irradiation for 3 days, the IoT control device 1 can be used indoors and outdoors. It was possible to acquire the illuminance of the IoT and transmit a control signal.

Using this example, a method of detecting the actual indoor / outdoor temperature from the surface temperature of the glass will be further described. The following description will be given on the premise of an example in which the IoT control devices 1 shown in FIGS. 6 (c), (d), and (e) are mounted relative to each other.

Only the glass surface temperatures T2 and T3 in the region on the 12 side in the enclosed space of each of the multilayer glasses are measured by the mounted temperature sensor 4c (one aspect of the sensor 4 included in the IoT control device 1). However, an example of such a case is shown in FIG. FIG. 7 schematically shows the situation when one glass is on the outdoor side and the other glass is on the indoor side. For example, assuming that the outside temperature is high in summer and the indoor temperature is cooled by air conditioning or the like, the double-layer glass 11a is arranged on the outdoor side and the double-layer glass 11b is arranged on the indoor side. According to thermodynamics, the temperature on the outdoor side where the temperature is high becomes Tin, the temperature on the indoor side where the temperature is low becomes Tout, and the heat flows from Tin to Tout. This is just an example, and although the temperature relationship differs depending on the season, time, etc., there is no difference in the following basic ideas.

In order to see the transition of the thermal transmission resistance required when considering the glass surface temperature, the thermal transmission equivalent circuit in which each temperature evaluation point is set to T1 to T4 in order from the side with the highest temperature, Tin, Toout, is shown in FIG. show. R1 to R5 indicate the thermal transmission resistance between the temperature evaluation points, respectively.

Specifically,
The heat transmission resistance value propagating in space from the outdoor temperature (atmospheric temperature) Tin of the double glazing 11a to the outer glass surface temperature T1 of the double glazing 11a is R1.
The thermal transmission resistance value of the double glazing 11a when the radiant heat when the outer glass temperature reaches T1 is transferred to the inner glass surface of the double glazing 11a is R2.
The temperature at which this transferred heat is generated is T2.
The thermal transmission resistance value of the gas component existing in the closed space 12 is R3.
The temperature that reaches the inner glass surface of the double glazing 11b on the indoor side through the closed space 12 and occurs there is T3.
The heat from the temperature T3 on the inner glass surface of the double glazing 11b on the indoor side is transferred to the outer glass surface of the double glazing 11b via the double glazing 11b, and the heat transmission flow of the double glazing 11b at that time. The resistance value is R4.
The temperature generated by the heat transferred to the outer glass surface of the double glazing 11b is T4.
Since the temperature T4 is the surface temperature on the indoor side of the double glazing 11b, the heat generated by the surface temperature on the indoor side of the double glazing 11b may be the temperature evaluation point in the room (any position may be used). The heat transmission resistance value of the heat propagating in the indoor space when it is transmitted to.) Is R5.

As described above, the temperature of the temperature sensor 4c that can be actually acquired in addition to the temperature evaluation points Tin and Tout in the thermal transmission path propagating between the indoor and outdoor temperature evaluation points Tin and Tout via the double glazing 11a and 11b. By using the thermal transmission value Q23 between T2 and T3, the thermal transmission value Q23 can be approximately expressed as follows.
Q23 = (T2-T3) / R3 [W]
Q23: Heat flow value from T2 to T3

Further, the thermal transmission resistance value R3 is given by the following equation from known physical properties and structure.
R3 = 1 / α ・ S
Here, α: thermal transmission rate of gas [W / m ² K]
S: Surface area of double glazing [m ² ]

On the other hand, the heat flow value Q23 can be expressed by the following equation from the known temperature T3 on the inner glass surface of the double glazing 11b on the indoor side and the outer temperature (atmospheric temperature) Tout of the double glazing 11b on the outdoor side. ..
Q23 = (T3-Tout) / (R4 + R5)

Further, the thermal transmission resistance values R4 and R5 are given by the following equations from known physical properties and structures.
R4 = d / β · S [K / W]
R5 = α'/ S [K / W]
Here, α': Thermal transmission rate of the outer atmosphere of the double glazing 11b [W / m ² K]
β: Thermal conductivity of the glass of the double glazing 11b [W / mK]

By arranging the above formulas, the double glazing 11b outside atmospheric temperature Tout can be expressed by the following formula.
Tout = T3-Q23 × (R4 + R5)
Tin can also be obtained in the same way. That is, it can be calculated by using the temperatures T2 and T3 of the temperature sensor 4c that can be actually acquired in addition to the temperature evaluation points Tin and Tout as in the above mathematical formula.

By the above calculation, the indoor / outdoor temperature difference ΔT is as follows.
ΔT = Tin-Tout
This is typically the case when the outdoor temperature (atmospheric temperature) is relatively higher than the indoor temperature (indoor temperature) as in summer, or when the indoor temperature is relatively high as in winter. The magnitude relation of the temperature is reversed, and the positive and negative of ΔT are reversed, and the result is as follows.
ΔT <0: Summer ΔT> 0: Winter

As is clear from the above description, when the IoT control device 1 is arranged inside the double glazing 11 as shown in FIGS. 6 (c), 6 (d), and (e), the temperature sensor 4c of each double glazing 11 can be used. It is possible to more accurately control devices such as air conditioners and blowers provided indoors and outdoors apart from the double glazing 11.

Next, the energy management double glazing structure 10 of the present invention and other forms of the system using the same will be described. The description of what is common to other forms will be omitted.

When, for example, a thin wide-angle image pickup camera is used as the sensor 4 for acquiring the multi-layer window glass structure 10 itself or the surrounding state parameters, a person approaching the window outdoors is made to recognize the existence of the image pickup camera. It is possible to take an image of the person, and it is possible to apply it to crime prevention purposes such as identifying intruders and visitors. In this case, since the acquired state parameters can be transmitted or reported directly or indirectly via the controller, crime prevention and other monitoring can be performed even at a remote location.

In this case, by adding a speaker or a light emitting device to the IoT control device 1 or by providing a speaker or a light emitting device that is connected to or can communicate with the IoT control device 1, an alarm sound or a flushing light is generated. It is also possible to make an intruder give up the invasion, or to notify that there is an intruder in the neighborhood and prompt a response. Of course, it may be possible to take action after determining the image pickup content indoors or outdoors or at a remote location.

Further, when an ultrasonic sensor, a vibration sensor or an acceleration sensor is used as the sensor 4, the opening / closing of the multi-layer window glass structure itself and the attack or breakage of the multi-layer window glass structure can be detected. From the point of view, crime prevention and other monitoring are possible.

By sending these state parameters directly or indirectly to the cloud on the Internet or directly to the mobile terminal of a smartphone via a controller or the like, it is possible to perform remote monitoring more effectively.

Further, when a vibration sensor is used as the sensor 4, an earthquake can be detected. In this case, it may not be possible to distinguish from other events when focusing on only one multi-layer window glass structure, but in that case, multiple multi-layer window glass structures or multiple constructions. By collecting and analyzing the data obtained from the multi-layered window glass structure of an object, it is possible to judge the event more accurately.

Although the energy management double glazing structure of the present invention and the system using the same have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific examples, and each of the scope of claims is defined. As long as it belongs to the scope of the claimed invention, it is included in the present invention in any form.

IoT controller 1
Solar cell (power source) 2 (2a, 2b)
ELDC (Electric Double Layer Capacitor) (Power Storage Equipment) 3
Sensor 4 (4a, 4b)
Temperature sensor 4c
Wireless module 5
Antenna 6
Power management circuit 7
Board 8
Double glazing structure 10
Double glazing 11 (11a, 11b)
Closed space 12
Spacer 13
Window frame 14
Outer glass surface temperature of double glazing 11a T1
Inner glass surface temperature of double glazing 11a T2
Outer glass surface temperature of double glazing 11b T3
Inner glass surface temperature of double glazing 11b T4
Double glazing 11a Outside temperature (atmospheric temperature) Tin
Double glazing 11b outside temperature (indoor temperature) Tout

Claims (15)

Window frame and
The double glazing whose peripheral edge is surrounded by the window frame,
A spacer arranged on the peripheral edge of the double glazing and separating a plurality of pieces of glass from each other,
A double-glazed window glass structure comprising a closed space formed by the window frame and the double glazing, and partitioning a space on the indoor side and a space on the outdoor side.
An IoT control device is arranged inside the enclosed space.
The IoT control device is a power source that converts at least physical energy supplied from others into electric power.
The power storage device whose electric power can be charged and discharged, and
While controlling the charging of the electric power generated by the electric power source to the electric power storage device, at least one of the electric power generated by the electric power source and the electric power discharged by the electric power storage device is supplied to the electric power-requiring device. Equipped with a power management circuit,
Further, a sensor that acquires the state parameter of the double glazing structure or the surroundings, and
A wireless module that changes and demolishes the state parameters acquired by the sensor as data so that it can be transmitted wirelessly.
An energy management double glazing structure that includes an antenna that transmits and receives radio waves that transmit data to and from the outside of the enclosed space of the double glazing structure by the output of the wireless module. The energy management double glazing structure according to claim 1, wherein the power source comprises at least one of a photoelectric conversion device, a thermoelectric conversion device, a wireless power receiving device, and a piezoelectric conversion device. The sensor for acquiring the state parameter is a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an image pickup camera, and an optical sensor for acquiring at least one state parameter of the multi-layer window glass structure, the indoor space, or the outdoor space. The energy according to claim 1, wherein the energy is at least one of an infrared sensor or an electromagnetic wave sensor, an ultrasonic sensor or a microphone, a pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, a distance sensor, a vibration sensor or an acceleration sensor, a gas sensor or a liquid sensor. Management multi-layer window glass structure. The energy management double glazing structure according to claim 1, wherein the power storage device comprises a capacitor or a secondary battery. The energy management double glazing structure according to claim 1, wherein the closed space is filled with nitrogen or other inert gas. The energy management double glazing structure according to claim 1, wherein the IoT control device is arranged on the peripheral edge of the double glazing. The energy management double glazing structure according to claim 1, wherein the IoT control device includes a housing and is arranged between the plurality of glasses. The energy management double glazing structure according to claim 1, wherein the IoT control device is attached to at least one of indoor side and / or outdoor side glass. The energy management double glazing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the IoT control device includes at least one substrate. The energy management double glazing structure according to claim 9, wherein the IoT control device includes at least two substrates and is provided so as to face the glass on the indoor side and the glass on the outdoor side. In the IoT control device, at least the power source, the power storage device, the power supply management circuit, the sensor, the wireless module, and the antenna are provided on both the indoor side and the outdoor side surface of the substrate or the substrate, respectively. The energy management multi-layer window glass structure according to claim 9 or 10, which is distributed and arranged in the above. The IoT control device includes one board, the power source, the power management circuit, and the sensor are provided on the outdoor side surface of the board, and the indoor side surface of the board is provided with the power source, the power management circuit, and the sensor. The energy management multi-layer window glass structure according to claim 11, wherein the power source, the power storage device, the wireless module, the sensor, and the antenna are provided. The device of the other party for transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from the antenna of the energy management multi-layer window glass structure according to claim 1 includes a communication device capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves. system. The device of the other party for transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from the antenna of the energy management multi-layer window glass structure according to claim 1 is at least one of an air conditioning device, a window shielding device, a lighting device, and an energy management controller. Energy management multi-layer window glass structure system. The energy management double glazing structure system according to claim 14, wherein the window shielding device is at least one of a blind, a transparency adjusting glass, and a curtain.

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