JP2022080347A - Striking sound testing device for slab track - Google Patents

Abstract

To keep the height from an upper surface from a track slab of a striking device that drops a weight at a constant level, apply the constant striking force to each spot of the upper surface of the track slab, perform a striking sound test with high accuracy and correctly detect a gap generated on a lower surface side of each spot of the track slab.SOLUTION: A striking sound testing device for slab track comprises: a lifting beam which is attached to a vehicle in a vertically movable manner and extends in the width direction of a slab track; a plurality of striking devices which are attached to the lifting beam so as to be arrayed in the width direction of the slab track and drop the weight; and a control device which includes a storage device that stores the sound pressure and a load value of the striking sound measured when the striking devices strike the upper surface of the track slab of the slab track. The striking devices strike the upper surface of the track slab at a prescribed height from the upper surface of the track slab. The control device evaluates the presence/absence of a gap on the lower surface side of the track slab on the basis of a ratio of the sound pressure to the load value and outputs an evaluation result.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a tapping sound test device for a slab track.

Conventionally, railroad tracks, that is, tracks, are called track slabs on concrete track beds in addition to so-called ballast tracks, in which a track bed made of crushed stone (ballast) is provided on the roadbed and pillows and rails are laid on it. A slab track is widely used in which railroad tracks are laid on top of a concrete plate. The slab orbit is less likely to cause an orbital deviation, and the labor of maintenance and management is reduced.

However, due to long-term use, freezing, etc., the packed bed made of mortar or the like existing between the lower surface of the track slab and the concrete track bed may deteriorate, resulting in a gap. Such a gap needs to be repaired, but it is difficult to detect because it exists on the lower surface side of the track slab which is a concrete plate material. In order to diagnose the condition of concrete members of structures such as tunnels and bridges of railways and roads, a technique is adopted in which a striking device using cylinder control is used to apply a striking sound and detect the striking sound at that time. (See, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).

JP-A-2002-340871 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-145417 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-349876 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-2417

However, the conventional technique applies a hit vertically upward, and is not suitable for a hitting sound test of a slab trajectory that requires a hit vertically downward. In order to accurately detect the gap generated on the lower surface side of the track slab, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of the hitting sound test by keeping the striking force applied to the upper surface of the track slab constant. However, the thickness of the variable pad for adjusting the height of the rail between the rail and the fastening device is often different also in the longitudinal direction of the rail and also in the left and right rails. Therefore, since the distance from the upper surface of the rail to the upper surface of the track slab differs in both the longitudinal direction and the left-right direction of the track slab, it is difficult to apply a constant impact force to the upper surface of the track slab from the test device on the rail. Is.

Here, by solving the problems of the conventional technique, the height from the upper surface of the track slab of the striking device for dropping the weight is kept constant, and a constant striking force is applied to various parts of the upper surface of the track slab. To provide a slab orbital striking sound test device capable of performing a high-precision striking sound test and accurately detecting gaps generated on the lower surface side of various parts of the orbital slab. The purpose.

Therefore, the slab track striking sound test device is a slab track striking sound test device mounted on a vehicle capable of traveling on the rail of the slab track, and is attached to the vehicle in the width direction of the slab track. A support beam extending to the slab, and a plurality of striking devices supported by the support beam arranged in the width direction of the slab track, the striking device for dropping a weight, and the upper surface of the track slab of the slab track. The striking device includes a control device including a storage device that stores the sound pressure and load value of the striking sound measured when the striking device strikes, and the striking device is said to be at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the track slab. The upper surface of the track slab is hit, and the control device evaluates the presence or absence of a gap on the lower surface side of the track slab based on the ratio of the sound pressure and the load value, and outputs the evaluation result.

In another slab track striking sound test device, the support beam is an elevating beam that is vertically attached to the vehicle, and distance measuring devices are attached to both ends of the elevating beam. The elevating beam is raised and lowered so that the distance from both ends of the elevating beam to the upper surface of the track slab becomes a predetermined value, and the striking device is set to a predetermined height from the upper surface of the track slab.

In still another slab orbital striking sound tester, the distance measuring device is an optical displacement meter capable of measuring the distance to the upper surface of the orbital slab in a non-contact manner.

In still another slab track striking sound test device, the distance measuring device is a member having a constant vertical dimension to which a wheel in contact with the upper surface of the track slab is rotatably attached.

Further, in another slab track striking sound test device, an elevating device having a cylinder for elevating the elevating beam is further provided, and the control device controls the elevating device to elevate the elevating beam.

Further, in another slab track striking sound test device, the support beam is a fixed beam attached to the vehicle so as not to be able to move up and down, and the fixed beam supports a plurality of raising and lowering units so as to be able to move up and down, and each raising and lowering is performed. The unit has a striking device, and each elevating unit is raised and lowered so that the striking device is at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the track slab.

In still another slab orbital striking sound test device, each elevating unit further has a sound collecting device for measuring the sound pressure, and each elevating unit is moved up and down, and the sound collecting device is used on the upper surface of the orbital slab. To the specified height.

In still another slab track tapping sound test device, the control device further outputs the evaluation result by displaying it as a contour diagram.

In still another slab orbital striking sound test device, the ratio of the sound pressure to the load value is the maximum value of the sound pressure and the load value obtained from the time history response data of the sound pressure and the load value. If it is a ratio to the maximum value and the ratio is larger than the determination value, the control device evaluates that there is a gap on the lower surface side of the orbital slab.

In still another slab orbital striking sound test device, the ratio of the sound pressure to the load value is the sound pressure and the load value derived by FFT analysis of the time history response data of the sound pressure and the load value. It is the ratio of the sound pressure of the resonance frequency and the load value obtained from the frequency response of the above, and when the ratio is larger than the determination value, the control device evaluates that there is a gap on the lower surface side of the orbital slab.

According to the present disclosure, the height from the upper surface of the track slab of the striking device for dropping the weight can be kept constant, and a constant striking force can be applied to various parts of the upper surface of the track slab with high accuracy. The tapping sound test can be performed, and the gaps generated on the lower surface side of each part of the track slab can be accurately detected.

It is a perspective view of the hitting sound test apparatus for a slab track in 1st Embodiment. It is a side view of the hitting sound test apparatus for a slab track in 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic front view explaining the operation which adjusts the distance from the upper surface of the track slab to the hitting device in 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the data processing operation of the hitting sound test apparatus for a slab track in 1st Embodiment. It is a side view of the hitting sound test apparatus for a slab track in the 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the hitting sound test apparatus for a slab track in a 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view seen from the side of the hitting sound test apparatus for a slab track in a third embodiment. It is a perspective view seen from the side of the elevating unit in the 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the attachment state to the connecting beam of the elevating unit in 3rd Embodiment. It is an enlarged view which shows the main part of the elevating unit in 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of a channel in 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the concept of the interface in 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the data processing operation of the hitting sound test apparatus for a slab track in 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the slab track hitting sound test device according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a side view of the slab track hitting sound test device according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the first embodiment. It is a schematic front view explaining the operation which adjusts the distance from the upper surface of the track slab to the striking device in a form.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a vehicle capable of traveling on a slab track on which the tapping sound test device 10 for a slab track according to the present embodiment is mounted. Is. The light railway 11 is a vehicle that includes a main body 11a and a plurality of wheels 11b rotatably attached to the lower portion of the main body 11a and can travel on the rail 23, and is pushed or pulled by an operator. , Can run.

The rail 23 constitutes a slab track, and is laid on the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21, which is a concrete plate, via a plurality of rail fastening devices 24. Here, the track slab 21 is arranged on the concrete track bed 22, and a packed layer made of mortar or the like is interposed between the lower surface of the track slab 21 and the upper surface of the concrete track bed 22. It is assumed that it is done.

In this embodiment, the upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, etc. used to explain the configuration and operation of each part of the slab track hitting sound test device 10 and the track slab 21 and other members. The expression indicating the direction of is not absolute but relative, and is appropriate when each part and other members of the slab track striking sound test device 10 and the track slab 21 are in the posture shown in the figure. However, if the posture changes, it should be changed and interpreted according to the change in posture.

A lifting beam 15 as a support beam is attached to the front end of the main body 11a of the light railway 11 so as to be able to move up and down. The elevating beam 15 is an elongated beam-shaped member extending in the width direction of the slab track, and is attached to the main body 11a via a pair of left and right elevating devices 15a so as to be able to move up and down. A plurality of (11 in the example shown in the figure) striking devices 16 are arranged and attached to the front surface of the elevating beam 15 so as to be arranged at intervals in the width direction of the track, and are supported. Has been done. It is desirable that the range in which the striking device 16 is arranged covers almost the entire width direction of the track slab 21.

The striking device 16 is a weight drop type device, and a head 17 attached to the lower end of the weight is designed to strike the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. Then, the tapping sound, which is the sound generated when the head 17 hits the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21, is collected by a microphone (not shown), and the sound pressure of the tapping sound is measured. The microphone has the same number of striking devices 16 as the number of striking devices 16, has a soundproof cover, is attached to an elevating member different from the elevating beam 15, and presses the soundproof cover against the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 to make noise. It is desirable that the tapping sound can be collected while preventing the intrusion of the sound.

Further, some of the hitting devices 16 (in the example shown in FIG. 3, the left and right ends and the center three) are hitting devices 16a with load cells provided with load cells. The striking device 16a with a load cell measures the value of the load received when the head 17 strikes the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21, that is, the load value.

Displacement meters 18 as a distance measuring device capable of measuring the distance to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 are attached to the left and right ends of the elevating beam 15, respectively. The displacement meter 18 is preferably an optical displacement meter capable of reflecting laser light on the upper surface 21a of the orbital slab 21 to measure the distance to the upper surface 21a, but the distance to the upper surface 21a is non-contact. Any kind of measuring instrument can be used as long as it can be measured. By operating the left and right elevating devices 15a while measuring the distance to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 with the left and right displacement meters 18, as shown in FIG. The distance to the upper surface 21a can be adjusted to be a predetermined value D. As a result, even if the thickness of the variable pad 24a provided in the rail fastening device 24 is different between the left and right rails 23, the distance from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 to all the striking devices 16 attached to the elevating beam 15 is determined. Can be maintained, and a constant striking force can be applied to various parts of the upper surface 21a in the width direction of the track slab 21.

Further, a control device 13 is arranged on the main body 11a of the light railway 11. The control device 13 is a kind of computer including, for example, a computing device such as a CPU, a storage device such as a semiconductor memory and a hard disk, a wired or wireless communication device, and the like, and application software installed in the storage device and the like. It operates according to the program of the above, performs information processing of the tapping sound measured by the microphone, information processing of the load value measured by the striking device 16a with a load cell, and controls the operation of the elevating device 15a. The elevating device 15a raises and lowers the elevating beam 15 by a controllable cylinder. Further, an operating device 13a is connected to the control device 13. The operating device 13a is a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or the like equipped with a display device such as a liquid crystal display, an input device such as a keyboard, or the like, and is operated by an operator in order to cause the control device 13 to perform a desired operation. It is a device for.

Further, a power supply 14 is provided on the main body 11a of the light railway 11. The power supply 14 is, for example, a rechargeable secondary battery and functions as a power source for supplying electric power to the control device 13, the elevating device 15a, the striking device 16, and the like.

Next, the operation of the hitting sound test device 10 for a slab track having the above configuration will be described.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a data processing operation of the hitting sound test device for a slab track according to the first embodiment.

First, the operator moves the light rail 11 on the rail 23 to reach a predetermined measurement position. As a result, the striking device 16 is located above the predetermined measurement position on the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 in the longitudinal direction of the track. When moving the light rail 11 on the rail 23, the head 17 or the like located at the lower end of the hitting device 16 close to the rail 23 may be caught by the rail fastening device 24 of the rail 23. In this case, it is necessary to operate the elevating device 15a to raise the elevating beam 15 in advance, and after passing through the rail fastening device 24, lower the elevating beam 15.

Subsequently, the operator operates the operating device 13a to cause the left and right displacement meters 18 to measure the distance to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21, and also operates the left and right elevating devices 15a from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. The distance to the striking device 16 is adjusted to a predetermined value. The thickness of the variable pad 24a included in the rail fastening device 24 is not always constant, and the rail fastening devices 24 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rail 23 can also fasten the rails on the left and right rails 23 as shown in FIG. The devices 24 may be different from each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the elevating beam is moved up and down by operating the left and right elevating devices 15a while measuring the distance to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 by the left and right displacement meters 18. It is necessary to adjust the distance from the left and right ends of the track 15 to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 so as to have a predetermined value D. As a result, all the striking devices 16 attached to the elevating beam 15 can be kept at a predetermined height from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 at all of the plurality of measurement positions in the longitudinal direction of the track slab 21. With respect to the width direction of 21, a constant striking force can be applied to a plurality of locations (11 locations in the example shown in the figure) on the upper surface 21a.

Subsequently, the operator operates the operating device 13a to operate all the striking devices 16 to drop the weight, and the head 17 attached to the lower end thereof strikes the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. Then, the sound is collected by the microphone and the sound pressure of the hitting sound is measured, and the load value received when the head 17 hits the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 by the load cell of the striking device 16a with a load cell is measured. .. As a result, it is possible to obtain the time history response of the sound pressure and the load value at a plurality of points in the width direction of the track slab 21 at a predetermined measurement position in the longitudinal direction of the track slab 21 as a measurement result. The measurement result is stored and stored in the storage device of the control device 13.

Subsequently, the operator moves the light courier 11 on the rail 23 to the next measurement position, operates the operating device 13a to perform the same tapping sound test, and at the next measurement position, the track slab 21 The time history response of the sound pressure of the tapping sound and the load value at a plurality of points in the width direction is obtained as a measurement result. The distance from the previous measurement position to the next measurement position shall be measured by an encoder attached to the wheel 11b of the light railway 11 and set in advance to be a predetermined distance (for example, about 20 [cm]). To.

By moving the light railroad 11 in the longitudinal direction of the track slab 21 by the predetermined distance and performing a tapping sound test at each measurement position to obtain a measurement result a plurality of times (for example, about 25 times), one is performed. The tapping sound test for the entire upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 is completed.

Then, after the tapping sound test over a certain range is completed, the control device 13 is made to perform data processing using the designated CSV group (CSV format point cloud data), thereby contouring the support range. You can create a diagram.

In the data processing, first, the control device 13 accesses the data of the time history response of the sound pressure and the load value of the tapping sound measured by the microphone and the load cell (step S1). The data is stored in the storage device of the control device 13.

Subsequently, the control device 13 obtains the maximum value Pa _max of the measured sound pressure and the maximum value N _max of the load value from the data of the time history response, that is, the maximum value of the time history response (Pa _max , N). _max ) is derived (step S2).

Subsequently, the control device 13 derives an amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) which is a ratio between the maximum value Pa _max of the sound pressure and the maximum value N _max of the load value (step S3).

Subsequently, the control device 13 determines whether or not the amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) is larger than the preset determination value k, that is, whether or not Pa _max / N _max > k (step). S4).

Then, when Pa _max / N _max > k, it is evaluated that there is a gap (step S5). If Pa _max / N _max > k is not satisfied, it is evaluated as having no gap (step S6).

Then, the control device 13 repeats the operations of steps S2 to S6 on the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 for all the points where each hitting device 16 gives a hit and measures the sound pressure and the load value, and steps S5 or The evaluation result of S6 is mapped and output as a contour diagram. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, a contour diagram showing the existence of gaps generated on the lower surface side of each part of one track slab 21 is created and displayed on the display device (step S7).

Further, the control device 13 can also determine the presence or absence of a gap based on the resonance amplitude ratio instead of the amplitude ratio.

In this case, the control device 13 first performs an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis of the time history response data to derive a frequency response of the sound pressure and the load value (step S8).

Subsequently, the control device 13 obtains the sound pressure Pa of the resonance frequency and the load value N of the resonance frequency. That is, the sound pressure and load value (Pa, N) of the resonance frequency are derived (step S9).

Subsequently, the control device 13 derives a resonance amplitude ratio (Pa / N), which is a ratio between the sound pressure Pa of the resonance frequency and the load value N of the resonance frequency (step S10).

Subsequently, the control device 13 determines whether or not the resonance amplitude ratio (Pa / N) is larger than the preset determination value k, that is, whether or not Pa / N> k (step S11).

Then, when Pa / N> k, it is evaluated that there is a gap (step S12). If Pa / N> k is not satisfied, it is evaluated as having no gap (step S13).

Then, the control device 13 repeats the operations of steps S8 to S13 on the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 for all the points where each hitting device 16 gives a hit and measures the sound pressure and the load value, and the step S12 or The evaluation result of S13 is mapped and output as a contour diagram. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, a contour diagram showing the existence of gaps generated on the lower surface side of each part of one track slab 21 is created and displayed on the display device (step S14).

Therefore, the operator can accurately, objectively, and easily grasp the existence of the gap generated on the lower surface side of the track slab 21 to be tested by visually recognizing the displayed contour diagram.

As described above, the tapping sound test device 10 for the slab track according to the present embodiment is mounted on the light railway 11 capable of traveling on the rail 23 of the slab track. A lifting beam 15 that is vertically attached to the light rail 11 and extends in the width direction of the slab track, and a plurality of striking devices 16 that are lined up in the width direction of the slab track and mounted on the lifting beam 15. A control device 13 including a striking device 16 for dropping a weight and a storage device for storing the sound pressure and load value of the striking sound measured when the striking device 16 hits the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 of the slab track. The striking device 16 strikes the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 at a predetermined height from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21, and the control device 13 strikes the track slab 21 based on the ratio of the sound pressure to the load value. The presence or absence of a gap on the lower surface side of 21 is evaluated, and the evaluation result is output.

As a result, a constant striking force can be applied to various parts of the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21, a high-precision hitting sound test can be performed, and gaps generated on the lower surface side of each part of the track slab 21 can be accurately formed. Can be detected.

Further, a distance measuring device attached to both ends of the elevating beam 15 is further provided, and the elevating beam 15 is moved up and down by the distance measuring device so that the distance from both ends of the elevating beam 15 to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 becomes a predetermined value. The striking device 16 is set to a predetermined height from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. The distance measuring device is an optical displacement meter 18 capable of measuring the distance to the upper surface 21a of the orbital slab 21 in a non-contact manner. As a result, even if the thickness of the variable pad 24a is different between the rail fastening devices 24 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rail 23, the thickness of the variable pad 24a is different between the rail fastening devices 24 in the left and right rails 23. Since the height of all the striking devices 16 from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 can be set to a predetermined height, a constant striking force can be applied.

Further, the control device 13 outputs the evaluation result by displaying it as a contour diagram. Therefore, the operator can accurately, objectively, and easily grasp the existence of the gap generated on the lower surface side of the track slab 21 by visually recognizing the contour diagram.

Further, the ratio between the sound pressure and the load value is the ratio between the maximum value of the sound pressure and the maximum value of the load value obtained from the time history response data of the sound pressure and the load value, and when the ratio is larger than the judgment value. , The control device 13 evaluates that there is a gap on the lower surface side of the track slab 21. Further, the ratio of the sound pressure and the load value is the sound pressure and the load value of the resonance frequency obtained from the frequency response of the sound pressure and the load value derived by FFT analysis of the time history response data of the sound pressure and the load value. When the ratio is larger than the determination value, the control device 13 evaluates that there is a gap on the lower surface side of the track slab 21.

Next, a second embodiment will be described. As for those having the same structure as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted by assigning the same reference numerals. Further, the description of the same operation and the same effect as that of the first embodiment will be omitted.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the hitting sound test device for a slab track according to the second embodiment.

In the first embodiment, the displacement meter 18 is attached to the left and right ends of the elevating beam 15 as a distance measuring device capable of measuring the distance to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. In, as shown in FIG. 5, as a distance measuring device, a spacing member 19 with wheels is attached to both left and right ends of the elevating beam 15.

The wheeled spacing member 19 is a member in which the wheels 19a are rotatably attached to the lower end thereof, the vertical dimensions thereof are constant, and the wheels 19a are in contact with the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. The distance from the left and right ends of the elevating beam 15 to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 is adjusted in advance so as to have a predetermined value D.

Therefore, even if the distance to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 is not measured, the distance from the left and right ends of the elevating beam 15 to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 can be obtained simply by bringing the wheel 19a into contact with the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. It can be easily adjusted so as to have a predetermined value D.

Since the configuration and operation of other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the distance measuring device is a spacing member 19 with wheels having a constant vertical dimension to which the wheels 19a in contact with the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 are rotatably attached. Thereby, the distance from the left and right ends of the elevating beam 15 to the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 can be easily adjusted to be a predetermined value D.

Next, a third embodiment will be described. As for those having the same structure as those of the first and second embodiments, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof will be omitted. Further, the same operation and the same effect as those of the first and second embodiments will be omitted.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the slab orbital striking sound test device according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the slab orbital striking sound tester according to the third embodiment as viewed from the side. In FIG. 6, (a) is a perspective view seen from the front, and (b) is a perspective view seen from the rear.

In the first and second embodiments, the elevating beam 15 as a support beam on which a plurality of striking devices 16 are supported is attached to the front end of the main body 11a of the light trolley 11 so as to be elevated, and the elevating beam 15 is attached. Is adjusted so that the distance from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 to the striking device 16 becomes a predetermined value by raising and lowering the track slab 21, whereas in the present embodiment, it is connected as a support beam. The beam 31 is a fixed beam and is attached to the front end of the main body 11a of the light courier 11 so as not to be able to move up and down. By raising and lowering each elevating unit 32, the distance from the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 to the striking device 16 is adjusted to a predetermined value.

Further, in the present embodiment, the pneumatic control device 13b is arranged on the main body 11a of the light railway 11. The pneumatic control device 13b has a compressor (not shown), and supplies compressed air to the unit elevating cylinder 36 described later included in each elevating unit 32 and the striking cylinder 16b described later included in each striking device 16.

Further, in the present embodiment, the encoder 33 is arranged on the main body 11a of the light railway 11. The encoder 33 is connected to a wheel 33a attached to the light railway 11 and measures a measurement position from the rotation of the wheel 33a.

Further, in the present embodiment, the brake lever 11c is arranged on the main body 11a of the light railway 11. By operating the brake lever 11c by the operator, a brake (not shown) provided in the light railway 11 can be operated. In consideration of safety, it is desirable that the brake is always in the locked state and is unlocked only when the light railway 11 is running.

Next, the configuration of the elevating unit 32 in the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the elevating unit as viewed from the side in the third embodiment, FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the elevating unit is attached to the connecting beam in the third embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a third. It is an enlarged view which shows the main part of the elevating unit in the embodiment of. In FIG. 9, (a) is a diagram showing a normal state, and (b) is a diagram showing a state in which the elevating unit is swung.

As shown in FIG. 8, each of the elevating units 32 in the present embodiment includes a unit elevating cylinder 36, and by operating the unit elevating cylinder 36, the elevating unit 32 slides up and down along the slide rail 32b. Go up and down. The slide rail 32b is a guide member extending in the vertical direction fixed to the support piece 32a attached to the connecting beam 31. Further, the upper end of the support piece 32a is swingably attached to the connecting beam 31 via the hinge member 32c.

Each elevating unit 32 includes a striking device 16, which includes a head portion 17 for striking the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21, a springback device 17b, and a striking cylinder 16b. The head 17 and the springback device 17b constitute a weight 17a, and the weight 17a and a striking cylinder 16b constitute a striking device 16. In addition, some of the hitting devices 16 (in the example shown in FIG. 6A, the left and right ends and the center three) have a load cell-equipped hitting device 16a in which the head 17 includes a load cell in addition to the hitting tip. It has become. It is assumed that the head 17 in the other hitting device 16 is only a hitting tip and does not include a load cell.

Further, each elevating unit 32 includes a sound collecting device 35. The sound collecting device 35 is a device for measuring the sound pressure of the striking sound obtained by colliding the head 17 of the striking device 16 with the upper surface 21a of the orbital slab 21, and is composed of a microphone. A soundproof cover 35a is attached around the lower end of the sound collecting device 35.

The vertical positions (heights) of the batter 16 and the sound collecting device 35 are adjusted by the adjusting rod 34. For example, the distance between the head portion 17 of the striking device 16 and the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 can be adjusted in the range of 0 to 45 [mm] or more. Further, when the elevating unit 32 is raised, the distance between the head 17 and the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 is set to be 140 [mm] or more. Further, the distance between the lower end of the sound collecting device 35 and the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 can be adjusted within a range of 20 [mm] or more. Further, the sound collecting device 35 is set so that the distance from the head 17 of the hitting device 16 is 40 [mm] or more. It should be noted that the elevating unit 32 can be held in an raised state when the slab track tapping sound test device 10 is stored or mounted.

Further, in the elevating unit 32 in the present embodiment, the upper end of the support piece 32a is swingably attached to the connecting beam 31 via the hinge member 32c, as shown in FIG. 9A. It is possible to change from the normal state to the state in which the lower end of the elevating unit 32 is lifted as shown in FIG. 9 (b).

Next, the data processing operation of the control device 13 in the present embodiment will be described.

11 is a diagram showing the positional relationship of channels in the third embodiment, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the concept of an interface in the third embodiment, and FIG. 13 is a slab orbital tapping sound in the third embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the data processing operation of a test apparatus.

In the present embodiment, the control device 13 also controls the pneumatic control device 13b for supplying compressed air to the unit elevating cylinder 36 and the striking cylinder 16b, and the encoder 33. Therefore, the display device of the operating device 13a, which is a laptop computer or the like, displays an interface as shown in FIG. A "distance measurement start / stop" button is displayed on the interface. Then, when the operator clicks the "distance measurement start / stop" button at the start end of the track slab 21, the measurement of the distance to the measurement position is started. After that, the moving distance of the light railway 11 is displayed on the interface of the operating device 13a in real time. Then, when the operator clicks the "distance measurement start / stop" button at the end of the track slab 21, the length of the track slab 21 is measured. When measuring with the encoder 33, it is desirable that the latitude and longitude can be input.

Further, a "load / sound pressure measurement start / stop" button is displayed on the interface of the operating device 13a. Then, when the operator clicks the "load / sound pressure measurement start / stop" button, the hitting device 16 and the sound collecting device 35 of each elevating unit 32 are lowered, and subsequently, the head 17 of the hitting device 16 is hit. It is pushed out by the cylinder 16b and collides with the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21. At this time, in the plurality of elevating units 32 arranged side by side in the width direction of the track slab 21, either the left or right end of the track slab 21 (in the example shown in FIG. 6A, either the left or right end). The head 17 of the striking device 16 is sequentially made to collide with the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 from the elevating unit 32 located at the above position. The time interval between the elevating units 32 adjacent to each other in the width direction of the track slab 21 for the head 17 of the striking device 16 to collide with the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 is set between 0.1 second and less than 1.0 second. It is desirable to be able to.

Then, when the tapping sound test at each measurement position is completed, a dialog box asking whether to save the measurement result is displayed on the interface of the operation device 13a, and when the operator clicks "Yes", the measurement result is saved. If the operator clicks "No", the measurement result is not saved and the tapping sound test is restarted.

In the present embodiment, the data processing performed by the control device 13 records and processes the measured load and sound pressure, and evaluates whether or not there is a gap on the lower surface side of the track slab 21.

First, the control device 13 measures the time history response of the sound pressure of the tapping sound and the load value by the microphone and the load cell (step S21). That is, the time history response of the load and sound pressure generated when the head portion 17 of the striking device 16 collides with the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 is recorded. At this time, the control device 13 measures the time history response data from 30 [msec] before the collision by the pre-trigger function for the load. The measurement of the time history response data is performed on, for example, 14 channels (ch) (load value 3 channels, sound pressure 11 channels). FIG. 11 shows an example of the positional relationship of each channel.

Subsequently, the control device 13 obtains the maximum value Pa _max of the measured sound pressure and the maximum value N _max of the load value from the recorded time history response data, that is, the maximum value of the time history response (Pa _max ). , N _max ) is derived (step S22).

Subsequently, the control device 13 derives an amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) which is a ratio between the maximum value Pa _max of the sound pressure and the maximum value N _max of the load value (step S23). Specifically, the amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) is calculated for each elevating unit 32. Here, the amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) is defined by the following equation (1).
Amplitude ratio = ^Pat _max / N ^t _max ... Equation (1)

Note that ^{Pat max is the maximum amplitude (Pa) of the time history response of the sound pressure, and N t} _max ^is _the maximum amplitude (N) of the time history response of the load.

The load channels to be referred to are as follows (a) to (c).
(A) Sound pressure 1ch to 3ch: Load 1ch
(B) Sound pressure 4ch to 8ch: Load 6ch
(A) Sound pressure 9ch to 11ch: Load 11ch

Subsequently, the control device 13 determines whether or not the amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) is larger than the preset determination value k, that is, whether or not Pa _max / N _max > k (step). S24).

Then, when Pa _max / N _max > k, it is evaluated that there is a gap (step S25). If Pa _max / N _max > k is not satisfied, it is evaluated as having no gap (step S26). The determination value k can be arbitrarily input from the operating device 13a.

The control device 13 repeats the operations of steps S22 to S26 on the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 for all the points where each striking device 16 applies a striking motion and measures the sound pressure and the load value, and the control device 13 repeats the operation of the step S25 or S26. The evaluation result is output by displaying it on the interface of the operating device 13a. Further, the control device 13 can output the time history response of the sound pressure and the load in the form of a CSV file.

Further, the control device 13 can also determine the presence or absence of a gap based on the resonance amplitude ratio instead of the amplitude ratio.

In this case, the control device 13 first performs FFT analysis of the time history response data as in the first embodiment, and derives the frequency response of the sound pressure and the load value (step S27). In the FFT analysis, the sampling frequency is set to 5000 [Hz] and the sampling time is set in the range of 0 to 11 seconds or more.

Subsequently, the control device 13 obtains the sound pressure Pa of the resonance frequency and the load value N of the resonance frequency. That is, the sound pressure and load value (Pa, N) of the resonance frequency are derived (step S28).

Subsequently, the control device 13 derives a resonance amplitude ratio (Pa / N), which is a ratio between the sound pressure Pa of the resonance frequency and the load value N of the resonance frequency (step S29). Specifically, the resonance amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) is calculated for each elevating unit 32. Here, the resonance amplitude ratio (Pa _max / N _max ) is defined by the following equation (2).
Resonance amplitude ratio = Pa ^f _max / N ^f _max ... Equation (2)

Pa ^f _max is the maximum value (Pa) of the frequency response of the sound pressure, and N ^f _max is the response value (N) of the time history response of the load at the frequency corresponding to Pa ^f _max .

Subsequently, the control device 13 determines whether or not the resonance amplitude ratio (Pa / N) is larger than the preset determination value k, that is, whether or not Pa / N> k (step S30).

Then, when Pa / N> k, it is evaluated that there is a gap (step S31). If Pa / N> k is not satisfied, it is evaluated as having no gap (step S32). The determination value k can be arbitrarily input from the operating device 13a.

The control device 13 repeats the operations of steps S27 to S32 on the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 for all the points where each hitting device 16 gives a hit and measures the sound pressure and the load value, and the control device 13 repeats the operation of steps S31 or S32. The evaluation result is output by displaying it on the interface of the operating device 13a. Further, the control device 13 can output the frequency response of the sound pressure and the load in the form of a CSV file.

Therefore, by visually recognizing the interface of the operating device 13a, the operator can accurately, objectively, and easily grasp the existence of the gap generated on the lower surface side of the track slab 21 to be tested.

Since the configurations and operations of other points are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in the present embodiment, since each elevating unit 32 can be raised and lowered individually, the distance between the head 17 of each batter 16 and each sound collecting device 35 and the upper surface 21a of the track slab 21 can be determined. , Can be easily adjusted.

It should be noted that the disclosure herein describes features relating to suitable and exemplary embodiments. Various other embodiments, modifications and modifications within the scope and purpose of the claims attached herein can be naturally conceived by those skilled in the art by reviewing the disclosure of the present specification. be.

The present disclosure can be applied to a tapping sound test device for a slab track.

10 Tracking sound test device 11 Light rail 13 Control device 15 Lifting beam 16 Strike device 18 Displacement meter 19 Wheeled spacing material 19a Wheels 21 Track slab 21a Top surface 31 Connecting beam 32 Lifting unit 35 Sound collecting device

Claims (10)

It is a tapping sound test device for slab tracks mounted on vehicles that can travel on the rails of slab tracks.
A support beam attached to the vehicle and extending in the width direction of the slab track,
A plurality of batters arranged in the width direction of the slab track and supported by the support beam, the batter that drops the weight, and the batter.
A control device including a storage device for storing the sound pressure and load value of the hitting sound measured when the hitting device hits the upper surface of the track slab of the slab track is provided.
The striking device strikes the upper surface of the orbital slab at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the orbital slab.
The control device is a slab track tapping sound test device, which evaluates the presence or absence of a gap on the lower surface side of the track slab based on the ratio of the sound pressure to the load value, and outputs the evaluation result. The support beam is an elevating beam that is vertically attached to the vehicle, and distance measuring devices are attached to both ends of the elevating beam. The slab track striking sound test device according to claim 1, wherein the elevating beam is moved up and down so that the distance between the two is a predetermined value, and the striking device is set to a predetermined height from the upper surface of the track slab. The striking sound test device for a slab track according to claim 2, wherein the distance measuring device is an optical displacement meter capable of measuring the distance to the upper surface of the track slab in a non-contact manner. The striking sound test device for a slab track according to claim 2, wherein the distance measuring device is a member having a rotatably attached wheel in contact with the upper surface of the track slab and having a constant vertical dimension. The slab track tapping sound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an elevating device having a cylinder for elevating and elevating the elevating beam. Test equipment. The support beam is a fixed beam attached to the vehicle so as not to be able to move up and down, and the fixed beam supports a plurality of raising and lowering units so as to be able to move up and down. The hitting sound test device for a slab track according to claim 1, wherein the striking device has a predetermined height from the upper surface of the track slab. The slab track according to claim 6, wherein each elevating unit further has a sound collecting device for measuring the sound pressure, and the elevating unit is raised and lowered so that the sound collecting device has a predetermined height from the upper surface of the track slab. Hitting sound test equipment. The hitting sound test device for a slab track according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control device outputs the evaluation result as a contour diagram. The ratio between the sound pressure and the load value is the ratio between the maximum value of the sound pressure and the maximum value of the load value obtained from the time history response data of the sound pressure and the load value, and the ratio is larger than the determination value. In the case, the slab orbital tapping sound test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control device evaluates that there is a gap on the lower surface side of the orbital slab. The ratio of the sound pressure to the load value is the sound pressure and the load value of the resonance frequency obtained from the frequency response of the sound pressure and the load value derived by FFT analysis of the time history response data of the sound pressure and the load value. The slab orbital tapping sound according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control device evaluates that there is a gap on the lower surface side of the orbital slab when the ratio is larger than the determination value. Test equipment.

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