JP2022069748A - Coral larva adhesion induction method - Google Patents

Coral larva adhesion induction method Download PDF

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JP2022069748A
JP2022069748A JP2020178578A JP2020178578A JP2022069748A JP 2022069748 A JP2022069748 A JP 2022069748A JP 2020178578 A JP2020178578 A JP 2020178578A JP 2020178578 A JP2020178578 A JP 2020178578A JP 2022069748 A JP2022069748 A JP 2022069748A
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larvae
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coral larvae
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浩二 金城
Koji Kaneshiro
大輔 毛塚
Daisuke Kezuka
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Sea Seed Ltd
Idea Consultants Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract

To provide a coral larva adhesion induction method, adhesion substrate structure and adhesion method which can be applied to adhesion substrates of various materials, can induce adhesion of coral larvae to specific locations, and can increase the initial survival rate of young corals after adhesion and facilitate initial culture management.SOLUTION: Small holes 2 (0.6 to 1.0 mm in diameter, 0.6 to 1.0 mm in depth) formed in an adhesion substrate 1 induce adhesion of coral larvae to the small holes regardless of a material of the adhesion substrate. Since young corals adhere to the small holes, survival situations of the young corals can be checked by checking the small holes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、サンゴ幼生を基盤に着生させ、育成する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for growing and growing coral larvae as a base.

近年、サンゴ礁は、海水温上昇に伴う白化現象、オニヒトデによる食害、陸地開発等による荒廃が進んでおり、サンゴ礁の保全や再生が必要とされており、サンゴを増やす方法が種々提案されている。
その一つに、サンゴ幼生を効率的に着生させるための人工の構造物を、海中、または陸上の水槽などに設置する試みが行われている。
サンゴ幼生の着生用の手段としては、特許文献１に記載されているようなコンクリートブロック（物理的特徴を有するもの）の他に、上述の特許文献２に記載されているような特定の成分組成を有する焼成体（化学的特徴を有するもの）、特許文献３に記載されているようなサンゴ幼生の誘引成分を含むサンゴ幼生用粒体やマトリックス材料を含むサンゴ幼生の着生用基盤などが知られている。 In recent years, coral reefs have been devastated due to bleaching caused by rising seawater temperature, feeding damage by crown-of-thorns starfish, land development, etc., and conservation and regeneration of coral reefs are required, and various methods for increasing coral have been proposed.
One of them is an attempt to install an artificial structure for efficiently growing coral larvae in an aquarium in the sea or on land.
As a means for engraftment of coral larvae, in addition to the concrete block (having physical characteristics) as described in Patent Document 1, a specific component as described in Patent Document 2 described above A calcined body having a composition (one having chemical characteristics), a coral larvae granule containing a coral larvae-attracting component as described in Patent Document 3, a coral larvae engraftment substrate containing a matrix material, and the like. Are known.

特開2011-125239JP 2011-125239 特開2008-271960Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-271960 特開2019-176767JP 2019-176767

上記した特許文献１～３では、特定の材質や物理的特徴、化学的特徴を有した基盤が必要となるため、用途は限定的である。また、サンゴ幼生は密に着生してしまうとその後の死亡率が高くなるが、サンゴ幼生の着生を誘引する方法である特許文献１～３では、着生するサンゴ幼生の量を調整することが困難である。また、着生初期の稚サンゴは数mm程度であり、視認することが困難であるため、稚サンゴを気付けないように、サンゴと競合する海藻類の除去といった基盤清掃や生存確認等の飼育管理を行うのが困難となる。そのため、多様な基盤に有効であり、サンゴ幼生を疎に特定の場所に着生誘引する手法の開発が課題となっている。 In the above-mentioned Patent Documents 1 to 3, the use is limited because a substrate having a specific material, physical characteristics, and chemical characteristics is required. Further, if coral larvae are densely settled, the subsequent mortality rate is high. However, in Patent Documents 1 to 3, which are methods for attracting coral larvae, the amount of coral larvae settled is adjusted. Is difficult. In addition, since the juvenile coral in the early stage of epiphyte is only a few mm and difficult to see, it is difficult to notice the juvenile coral. Will be difficult to do. Therefore, it is effective for various bases, and the development of a method for attracting coral larvae to specific places is an issue.

本発明の技術的課題は、多様な材質の着生基盤に適用でき、サンゴ幼生を特定の場所に着生誘引することができ、着生後の稚サンゴの初期生残率を高め、初期飼育管理を容易にすることができる、サンゴ幼生の着生誘引方法及び着生基盤構造、着生方法を提供することである。 The technical problem of the present invention can be applied to the epiphytic base of various materials, can attract coral larvae to a specific place, increase the initial survival rate of juvenile coral after epiphyte, and manage the initial breeding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for attracting coral larvae, an epiphytic base structure, and an epiphytic method, which can facilitate the above.

本発明の技術的課題は次のような手段によって解決される。請求項１は、着生基盤に直径0.6 ～1.0mm 、深さ0.6 ～1.0mm の小穴を開けることで、この小穴の中にサンゴ幼生を誘引着生されることを特徴とするサンゴ幼生の誘引方法である。 The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. Claim 1 is characterized in that coral larvae are attracted and settled in the small holes having a diameter of 0.6 to 1.0 mm and a depth of 0.6 to 1.0 mm in the epiphytic base. The method.

請求項２は、前記の小穴に対してサンゴ幼生を疎に着生させることを特徴とする請求項１記載のサンゴ幼生の着生方法である。 The second aspect of the present invention is the method for engrafting coral larvae according to claim 1, wherein the coral larvae are sparsely engrafted in the small holes.

請求項３は、直径0.6 ～1.0mm 、深さ0.6 ～1.0mm の小穴をセラミック又はタイル、アクリルからなる基盤にドリル又はレーザで開けたことを特徴とするサンゴ幼生の誘引着床具である。 3.

請求項１のように、着生基盤に施された直径が0.6 ～1.0mm 、深さ0.6 ～1.0mm の範囲の小穴には、投入後すぐに多くの幼生が入り、小穴を選択的に好むことが確認された。 As in claim 1, many larvae enter the small holes in the range of 0.6 to 1.0 mm in diameter and 0.6 to 1.0 mm in depth on the epiphytic base, and the small holes are selectively preferred. It was confirmed that.

請求項２のように、前記小穴の加工を疎に施すことによって、サンゴ幼生を疎に着生させることができ、その後の稚サンゴの生存率が高くなる。１つの小穴に対して着生するサンゴ幼生はほとんどの場合１個である。なお、基盤に対してサンゴ幼生が密に着生してしまうとその後の死亡率が高くなる。 By sparsely processing the small holes as in claim 2, coral larvae can be sparsely settled, and the survival rate of the subsequent juvenile coral is increased. In most cases, there is only one coral larva that grows in one small hole. If coral larvae densely settle on the base, the subsequent mortality rate will increase.

請求項３のように、ドリル又はレーザにより直径が0.6 ～1.0mm 、深さ0.6 ～1.0mm の範囲の小穴の加工を施した基盤に、着生適齢期のサンゴ幼生を投入すると、基盤の材質に関係無くサンゴ幼生の着生が誘引される。これまでは、海域馴致をしていない基盤や表面が滑らかなアクリル板には幼生は着生しないと考えられていたが、小穴加工を施し、サンゴ幼生飼育に適した水質であれば、海域馴致していないアクリル板にも着生可能である。 As in claim 3, when coral larvae of suitable age are put into a base that has been drilled or laser-processed with small holes in the range of 0.6 to 1.0 mm in diameter and 0.6 to 1.0 mm in depth, the material of the base is The epiphytes of coral larvae are attracted regardless of. Until now, it was thought that larvae would not settle on a base or acrylic plate with a smooth surface that was not adapted to the sea area, but if the water quality is suitable for coral larva breeding with small holes, it will be adapted to the sea area. It can also grow on acrylic boards that have not been used.

本発明によるサンゴ幼生の着生場所となる小穴の断面形状を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the cross-sectional shape of the small hole which becomes the epiphytic place of the coral larva by this invention. 幼生投入後すぐに、多くの幼生が小穴に入っている状態を示す顕微鏡写真である。It is a micrograph showing a state in which many larvae are in small holes immediately after the larvae are introduced. 基盤（アクリル板）に開けた小穴の中で変態途中のサンゴ幼生の顕微鏡写真である。It is a micrograph of a coral larva in the middle of metamorphosis in a small hole made in a base (acrylic plate). 基盤（アクリル板）に開けた小穴の中で変態した稚サンゴの顕微鏡写真である。It is a micrograph of a juvenile coral that has metamorphosed in a small hole made in the base (acrylic plate).

次に本発明によるサンゴ幼生の生育方法が実際上どのように具体化されるか実施形態を説明する。図１は本発明によるサンゴ幼生の着生を誘引する小穴２の断面形状を示す。基盤１にドリル又はレーザで縦穴２を穿孔する。この縦穴２は、直径が約0.6 ～1.0mm 、深さ0.6 ～1.0mm であるが、真円である必要はない。 Next, an embodiment will be described of how the method for growing coral larvae according to the present invention is practically embodied. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional shape of a small hole 2 that attracts coral larvae according to the present invention. A vertical hole 2 is drilled in the base 1 with a drill or a laser. The vertical hole 2 has a diameter of about 0.6 to 1.0 mm and a depth of 0.6 to 1.0 mm, but does not have to be a perfect circle.

小穴２の加工を施した基盤１に着生適齢期のサンゴ幼生を投入すると、着生基盤１の材質は関係無く、小穴２の中にサンゴ幼生の着生が誘引される。サンゴ幼生飼育に適した水質であれば、これまでは着生が困難と考えられていた海域馴致をしていない基盤や表面が滑らかなアクリル板にも着生可能である。 When coral larvae of an appropriate age for growth are put into the base 1 processed with the small holes 2, the growth of coral larvae is attracted into the small holes 2 regardless of the material of the growth base 1. If the water quality is suitable for raising coral larvae, it is possible to settle on a base or an acrylic plate with a smooth surface that has not been adapted to the sea area, which was previously considered difficult to settle.

小穴２は0.6mm 未満だと、サンゴ幼生は小穴に入っても変態前に出てしまう。１つの小穴に対して着生するサンゴ幼生はほとんどの場合１個であり、多くても３個までである。サンゴ幼生が密に着生すると死亡率が高くなるため、本発明によって小穴を疎に施し、サンゴ幼生を疎に着生することができると、その後の稚サンゴの生存率を高くすることができる。 If the small hole 2 is less than 0.6 mm, coral larvae will come out before metamorphosis even if they enter the small hole. In most cases, one coral larva grows in one small hole, and up to three coral larvae. Since the mortality rate increases when coral larvae grow densely, if the small holes can be sparsely formed and the coral larvae can be sparsely settled according to the present invention, the survival rate of the subsequent juvenile coral can be increased. ..

着生初期の稚サンゴは数mm程度であり、視認することが困難である。そのため、稚サンゴを気付つけないように、サンゴと競合する海藻類の除去といった基盤清掃や生存確認等の飼育管理を行うのが困難である。しかしながら、本手法では小穴に稚サンゴが着生するので、小穴を確認すれば稚サンゴの生存状況を確認することができ、小穴周辺を注意すれば一つ一つの稚サンゴの位置を確認する必要がなく基盤清掃ができる。また、基盤１の表面をタワシ等で掃除しても、小穴２に着生した稚サンゴは削がれることはなく影響は無い。したがって、基盤清掃や生残確認等の飼育管理が容易である。 The juvenile coral in the early stage of epiphyte is about several mm, and it is difficult to see it. Therefore, it is difficult to carry out breeding management such as infrastructure cleaning such as removal of seaweeds that compete with corals and confirmation of survival so that juvenile corals are not noticed. However, in this method, juvenile corals grow in the small holes, so if you check the small holes, you can check the survival status of the juvenile corals, and if you pay attention to the area around the small holes, you need to check the position of each juvenile coral. You can clean the base without any problems. Further, even if the surface of the base 1 is cleaned with a scrubbing brush or the like, the juvenile coral that has settled in the small hole 2 is not scraped and has no effect. Therefore, breeding management such as base cleaning and survival confirmation is easy.

本手法は、多様な材質の着生基盤に適用でき、サンゴ幼生を特定の場所に着生誘引することができる。また、サンゴ幼生を疎に着生させることで、着生後の稚サンゴの初期生残率を高め、飼育管理を容易にすることができる。したがって、本手法によってサンゴを安定的に増やすことが可能となる。 This method can be applied to epiphytic bases of various materials and can attract coral larvae to specific places. In addition, by sparsely setting coral larvae, it is possible to increase the initial survival rate of juvenile coral after settling and facilitate breeding management. Therefore, it is possible to stably increase coral by this method.

１ 基盤
２ 縦孔（小穴）
３ サンゴ幼生 1 Base 2 Vertical hole (small hole)
3 coral larvae

請求項２は、サンゴ幼生が密に着生すると死亡率が高くなるため、多くても３個までであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のサンゴ幼生の誘引方法である。 The second aspect of the present invention is the method for attracting coral larvae according to claim 1, wherein the number of coral larvae is at most three because the mortality rate increases when the coral larvae are densely settled .

請求項２のように、サンゴ幼生が密に着生すると死亡率が高くなるため、多くても３個までである。サンゴ幼生が密に着生すると死亡率が高くなるため、本発明によって小穴を疎に施し、サンゴ幼生が疎に着生することができると、その後の稚サンゴの生存率を高くすることができる。As in claim 2, if coral larvae are densely settled, the mortality rate is high, so the number is at most three. Since the mortality rate increases when coral larvae are densely settled, if the small holes are sparsely formed according to the present invention and the coral larvae can be sparsely settled, the survival rate of the subsequent juvenile coral can be increased. ..

請求項２は、一つの前記小穴に対して着生するサンゴ幼生が、多くても３個までであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のサンゴ幼生の誘引方法である。 The second aspect of the present invention is the method for attracting coral larvae according to claim 1 , wherein the number of coral larvae that grow on one small hole is at most three .

請求項２のように、一つの前記小穴に対して着生するサンゴ幼生が、多くても３個までである。サンゴ幼生が密に着生すると死亡率が高くなるため、本発明によって小穴を疎に施し、サンゴ幼生が疎に着生することができると、その後の稚サンゴの生存率を高くすることができる。As in claim 2, the number of coral larvae that grow on one small hole is at most three. Since the mortality rate increases when coral larvae are densely settled, if the small holes are sparsely formed according to the present invention and the coral larvae can be sparsely settled, the survival rate of the subsequent juvenile coral can be increased. ..

Claims (3)

着生基盤に直径0.6 ～1.0mm 、深さ0.6 ～1.0mm の小穴を開けることで、この小穴の中にサンゴの幼生が誘引着生されることを特徴とするサンゴ幼生の誘引方法。 A method of attracting coral larvae, which is characterized in that coral larvae are attracted and settled in these small holes by making small holes with a diameter of 0.6 to 1.0 mm and a depth of 0.6 to 1.0 mm in the epiphytic base. 前記の小穴に対してサンゴ幼生を疎に着生させることを特徴とする請求項１記載のサンゴ幼生の着生方法。 The method for setting coral larvae according to claim 1, wherein the coral larvae are sparsely settled in the small holes. 直径0.6 ～1.0mm 、深さ0.6 ～1.0mm の小穴をセラミック又はタイル、アクリルからなる基盤にドリル又はレーザで開けたことを特徴とするサンゴ幼生の誘引着床具。 A coral larval attraction implantation flooring characterized by drilling or laser drilling a small hole 0.6-1.0 mm in diameter and 0.6-1.0 mm deep in a ceramic or tile or acrylic substrate.
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