JP2022054534A - Movable soil type waste water treatment unit - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a movable soil type waste water treatment unit.SOLUTION: A movable soil type waste water treatment unit comprises a movable container with a storage space inside, and the inside of the container comprises: a precipitation and separation tank to which sewage is supplied from an original water tank where the sewage is stored to purify the sewage water in an anaerobic condition to suppress generation of bad odor, scum and sludge; a contact aeration tank to which water treated via the precipitation and separation tank is supplied to purify the treated water by utilizing an air diffusion pipe and a microbe carrier in an aerobic condition; a filtration settling tank which is supplied with treated water via the contact aeration tank and returns the treated water of a high oxygen concentration from which a suspended material was filtered to the original water tank; a flow rate control tank to which the treated water via the filtration settling tank is supplied; a soil treatment tank which is supplied with the treated water via the flow rate control tank and decomposes organic materials and chemical substances contained in the treated water to absorb a floating material and a color component; and a unit that stores the treated water via the soil treatment tank in an aquarium tank to supply the treated water of the aquarium tank to a toilet building via a water supply.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a soil-type sewage treatment unit having a movable structure.

Generally, simple toilets are mainly installed in public places such as tourist spots, campsites, parking lots, parks, outdoor rest rooms and disaster areas. Not only is such a simple toilet easy to install, but it can also be easily installed in places where many people concentrate irregularly, so it is gradually increasing.

In the conventional simple toilet, a storage tank for storing sewage containing manure and toilet paper is installed at the bottom of the toilet bowl, and when a certain amount of sewage accumulates in the storage tank, it is collected by a vacuum truck and then transported to the urine treatment plant. (For example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-57417

However, the conventional simple toilet is very unsanitary because not only the bad odor caused by the sewage stored in the storage tank but also flies and pests that cause various plagues propagate.

In addition, there is a problem that the economic burden on the treatment of sewage increases in areas where vacuum trucks cannot enter.

Therefore, it is necessary to independently purify the sewage discharged from the simple toilet, secure treated water that effectively removes organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and bad odors, and research and develop a purification device that does not require a separate water supply. be.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to install a toilet separately and to autonomously remove organic substances including sewage discharged from the toilet. The purpose is to provide a movable soil-type sewage treatment unit that can be reused as toilet cleaning water.

In order to achieve the above object, the movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to the present invention is
A container that is movable and has a storage space inside,
A sedimentation separation tank installed inside the above container, where sewage is supplied from a raw water tank in which sewage is stored, purifies the sewage under anaerobic conditions, and suppresses the generation of stinks, scum, and sludge.
A contact aeration tank installed inside the container, to which treated water is supplied via the settling separation tank, and purifies the treated water using an air diffuser and a microbial carrier under favorable conditions.
A filtration settling tank that is installed inside the container, is supplied with treated water via the contact aeration tank, filters suspended matter, and returns the treated water with high oxygen concentration to the raw water tank.
A flow rate control tank installed inside the container and to which the treated water that has passed through the filtration settling tank is supplied.
A soil treatment tank that is installed inside the container and is supplied with treated water via the flow control tank to decompose organic substances, chemical substances and suspended solids contained in the treated water and adsorb pigment components.
A water collection tank installed inside the container and storing the treated water that has passed through the soil treatment tank,
It is characterized by including a device for supplying the treated water in the water collecting tank to the toilet building through a water supply device.

The following configuration can be adopted in the present invention as a preferred embodiment thereof.
(1) The sedimentation separation tank is installed so as to be in contact with the sewage inside the glazing and the sewage whose lower part is immersed in the sewage, and absorbs the bad odor of the sewage to generate scum and sludge. It is characterized by containing a covered soil layer to be suppressed and a non-woven fabric that wraps the covered soil layer inside the glazing and allows sewage to permeate.
(2) The covered soil layer is characterized in that it is immersed in the sewage in the sedimentation separation tank by 5 to 8 cm.
(3) The covered soil layer is characterized in that the total volume ratio is a mixture of decomposed granite soil 75 to 80%, humus soil 10 to 15%, charcoal 5 to 10%, and pumice stone 5 to 10%. And.
(4) The effective diameter of the decomposed granite soil in the covered soil tank is 0.075 to 0.25 mm, and the water content of the decomposed granite soil is 11 to 14%.
(5) The hardness of the covered soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the Yamanaka soil hardness tester.
(6) The filtration settling tank is characterized in that a shell is used as a filter medium for adjusting the pH of the treated water.
(7) The soil treatment tank is arranged in a sprinkler pipe for evenly sprinkling the treated water supplied from the flow rate adjusting tank and a plurality of water sprinkler pipes arranged below the sprinkler pipe so that the treated water permeates and is arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. At the same time, it is stacked in multiple stages in the height direction and is placed between the soil blocks that adsorb organic substances, chemical substances, suspended solids and pigment components contained in the treated water, and the above soil blocks, and the treated water passes through. It is characterized by including a water flow layer.
(8) The soil block is installed in contact with the treated water inside the soil block frame and the mixed soil that adsorbs organic substances and chemical substances, suspended matter and pigment components contained in the treated water. The inside of the soil block frame is characterized by containing a non-woven fabric that wraps the mixed soil and allows the treated water to permeate.
(9) The mixed soil is characterized in that the total volume is mixed at a ratio of decomposed granite soil of 75 to 80%, humus soil of 10 to 15%, charcoal of 5 to 10%, and pumice of 5 to 10%. do.
(10) The effective diameter of the decomposed granite soil in the mixed soil is 0.075 to 0.25 mm, and the water content of the decomposed granite soil is 11 to 14%.
(11) The hardness of the mixed soil is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the Yamanaka soil hardness tester.
(12) The soil treatment tank is characterized by being arranged between the soil blocks and including an air diffuser for supplying air between the soil blocks.
(13) The soil treatment tanks are characterized in that they are installed in a plurality of series inside the container so that they can be used alternately.
(14) Includes an activated carbon filter tube installed inside the container, to which the treated water stored in the water collecting tank is supplied, adsorbs the pigment component remaining in the treated water, and shares the treated water in the water collecting tank again. It is characterized by that.

According to the movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to the present invention, a series of treatment braces for purifying sewage can be installed inside the container and can be movably installed separately from the toilet room, and also in the toilet. A large amount of sewage discharged from the toilet can be treated independently and reused as toilet wash water without discharging the treated water.

In addition, since the sewage can be purified and reused as toilet wash water, there is no need to supply water, and maintenance costs can be reduced in the operation of the toilet.

In addition, the soil contact type sedimentation separation tank can suppress the amount of scum and sludge generated and the amount of sludge carried out can be reduced, and the gravity infiltration method that does not rely on pressurization is adopted in the watering method for the soil treatment tank. Therefore, it is excellent in energy saving, easy to maintain and manage, and can be used stably.

It is a top view which shows an example of the schematic structure of the movable soil type sewage treatment unit which concerns on this invention. It is a flow chart which shows the sewage treatment procedure in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the sedimentation separation tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the soil treatment tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is a graph which shows the passing mass percentage of the decomposed granite soil which constitutes the soil treatment tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is a graph showing the relationship between the water temperature of the soil treatment tank and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal ability in the movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is a graph which shows the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ability of the soil treatment tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is a graph which shows the suspended solids concentration (SS) removal ability of the soil treatment tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is a graph which shows the total phosphorus (TP) removal ability of the soil treatment tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is a graph which shows the total nitrogen (TN) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) removal ability of the soil treatment tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit. It is a graph which shows the Escherichia coli removal ability of the soil treatment tank in the same movable soil type sewage treatment unit.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals posted in each drawing indicate the same members.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the movable soil-type sewage treatment unit 100 according to the present invention is a toilet installed in a public place such as a tourist spot, a campsite, a parking lot, a park, an outdoor rest room or a disaster area. It can be installed separately from the building 200. The movable soil-type sewage treatment unit 100 according to the present invention removes organic substances and eutrophic substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and foul odors contained in the sewage discharged from the toilet building 200, and changes the color of the sewage. Not only can it be purified to the level of fresh water, but it is also an environmentally friendly device that can prevent environmental pollution by circulating the final treated water to the toilet building 200 and reusing it as wash water without discharging it to the outside.

Therefore, the movable soil type sewage treatment unit 100 according to the present invention includes a settling separation tank 120, a contact aeration tank 130, a filtration settling tank 140, a flow rate adjusting tank 150, and soil for purifying sewage inside the container 110. It houses a treatment tank 160, a water collection tank 170, and an activated carbon filter tube 180.

The container 110 provides a space for accommodating a series of treatment tanks for purifying sewage. In this embodiment, the container 110 houses a settling separation tank 120 for purifying sewage, a contact aeration tank 130, a filtration settling tank 140, a flow rate adjusting tank 150, a soil treatment tank 160, a water collecting tank 170, and an activated carbon filter cylinder 180. It means a receptor that can be used, and can have various shapes such as a straight hexahedron and a cylindrical shape.

Inside the container 110, there is an independent storage space divided by a plurality of partition walls, which are a settling separation tank 120, a contact aeration tank 130, a filtration settling tank 140, a flow rate adjusting tank 150, a soil treatment tank 160, a water collecting tank 170, respectively. An activated carbon filter tube 180 is provided.

As described above, the movable soil type sewage treatment unit 100 according to the present invention includes a settling separation tank 120, a contact aeration tank 130, a filtration settling tank 140, a flow rate adjusting tank 150, a soil treatment tank 160, a water collecting tank 170, and an activated carbon filter tube 180. Can move the container 110 provided inside and freely change the installation location. Further, the movable soil type sewage treatment unit 100 according to the present invention compacts the settling separation tank 120, the contact aeration tank 130, the filtration settling tank 140, the flow rate adjusting tank 150, the soil treatment tank 160, the water collecting tank 170, and the activated carbon filter cylinder 180. Can be accommodated in.

Further, the container 110 can be installed on the ground adjacent to the toilet building 200, or can be buried underground adjacent to the toilet building 200.

On the other hand, sewage containing manure and toilet paper discharged from the toilet bowl in the toilet building 200 installed in public places such as tourist spots, campgrounds, parking lots, parks, outdoor rest rooms or disaster areas is collected in the toilet building. It is stored in the raw water tank 250 installed at the lower part of the 200 or adjacent to the toilet building 200.

The sewage stored in the raw water tank 250 quickly changes from ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen due to the high oxygen concentration contained in the secondary treated water returned from the filtration settling tank 140 at regular intervals, and gives off a foul odor. Will remove it. At the same time, manure and toilet paper also become small debris due to the returned water that is struck violently from above and the aeration that blows up from below, so clogging of the pump and drain pipe is greatly reduced.

Next, the sewage stored in the raw water tank 250 is carried to the settling separation tank 120 installed inside the container 110 for purification treatment.

In the precipitation separation tank 120 according to this embodiment, the generation of sludge can be suppressed by decomposing organic substances by anaerobic microorganisms and the like under anaerobic conditions. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a covered soil layer 125 is provided in the upper part of the settling separation tank 120, and the generation of odor and scum is suppressed by the soil microorganisms in the covered soil layer.

The settling separation tank 120 is installed so as to wrap the covering soil layer 125 inside the grating 121 which is installed inside and the lower part is immersed in the sewage, and contains a non-woven fabric 123 through which the sewage permeates. ..

The glazing 121 provides a space for accommodating the covered soil layer 125 inside. Although the glazing 121 according to the present embodiment is illustrated in a straight hexahedron shape with an open upper portion, the scope of rights of the present invention is not limited to this, and can have various shapes.

When sewage is contained in the settling separation tank 120, the lower part of the grating 121 is maintained in a state of being submerged in one area of the upper surface of the sewage. The covered soil layer 125 is wrapped in the non-woven fabric 123 inside the glazing 121 and is immersed in the upper surface of the sewage 5 to 8 cm. That is, the lower region of the covered soil layer 125 is constantly submerged by sewage.

Then, the nonwoven fabric 123 is installed inside the glazing 121, and the nonwoven fabric 123 wraps the coated soil layer 125 to prevent the coated soil layer 125 from flowing out to the outside of the glazing 121.

The sewage in the settling separation tank 120 permeates the non-woven fabric 123 and comes into contact with the covered soil layer 125. Then, the covered soil layer 125 is maintained in a state of being wrapped by the non-woven fabric 123 in the settling separation tank 120 and being immersed in the upper surface of the sewage by 5 to 8 cm. That is, the lower region of the covered soil layer 125 is constantly submerged by sewage.

The scum generated at the interface between the upper surface of the sewage and the covered soil layer 125 is supplemented and decomposed as nutrients of the soil microorganisms living in the covered soil layer 125, thereby suppressing the generation of scum in the sedimentation separation tank 120. .. In addition, the soil microorganisms living in the covered soil layer 125 ingest hydrogen sulfide, which is the main causative agent of the malodor generated when the anaerobic microorganisms decompose organic substances under anaerobic conditions without oxygen supply, and give off a malodor. Remove.

The covered soil layer 125 is formed by mixing the total volume ratio of decomposed granite soil 75 to 80%, humus soil 10 to 15%, charcoal 5 to 10%, and pumice stone 5 to 10%. The effective diameter of the decomposed granite soil is 0.075 to 0.25 mm, and the water content of the decomposed granite soil is 11 to 14%.

The covered soil layer 125 has a thickness of about 40 cm or more. For reference, the covered soil layer 125 has the same structure as the mixed soil 167 constituting the soil block 165 described later.

The treated water that has passed through the settling separation tank 120 is sent to the contact aeration tank 130 installed inside the container 110 for purification treatment.

The contact aeration tank 130 according to this embodiment supplies oxygen necessary for organic matter oxidation required in the metabolism of nitrated microorganisms. The contact aeration tank 130 promotes the conversion of ammonium nitrogen (NH4 ⁺ ) to nitrate nitrogen ( ^NO3- ) by metabolism of nitrated microorganisms.

The contact aeration tank 130 is provided with an air diffuser that generates fine bubbles so as to supply oxygen required by the metabolism of nitrated microorganisms, and a blower for supplying compressed air to the air diffuser is installed. In addition, a microbial carrier having a good ability to capture organic substances is housed inside the contact aeration tank 130 to promote activation of nitrated microorganisms. Here, the microbial carrier is composed of a foamed carrier having a rough surface and many micropores formed therein.

The treated water that has passed through the contact aeration tank 130 is sent to the filtration settling tank 140 installed inside the container 110 for purification treatment.

The filtration settling tank 140 according to this embodiment filters fine suspended solids contained in the treated water that has passed through the contact aeration tank 130. Further, the filtration settling tank 140 has a function of stabilizing the sludge contained in the treated water by settling and removing solid matter.

Then, the filtration settling tank 140 returns the treated water having a high oxygen concentration to the raw water tank 250. Further, the filtration settling tank 140 adjusts the pH of the treated water that has passed through the contact aeration tank 130.

In the filtration settling tank 140, the shell of the shellfish is used as a filter medium, and the pH of the treated water is adjusted by the calcium contained in the shellfish. The nitrate reaction proceeds in the contact aeration tank 130 and the filtration settling tank 140, and the alkali is consumed and the pH of the treated water becomes low. Therefore, the calcium in the shells of the filtration settling tank 140 replenishes the treated water with alkalinity and acidifies it. To prevent.

The treated water that has passed through the filtration settling tank 140 is sent to the flow rate adjusting tank 150 installed inside the container 110.

The flow rate adjusting tank 150 according to the present embodiment stores the treated water sent from the filtration settling tank 140, and a certain amount corresponding to the treatment amount of the soil treatment tank 160 described later is installed inside the container 110 for soil treatment. Water is intermittently sent to the tank 160.

The soil treatment tank 160 according to the present embodiment is for advanced treatment of the treated water that has passed through the flow rate adjusting tank 150, and can effectively reduce organic substances, chemical substances and suspended solids contained in the treated water. .. Further, the soil treatment tank 160 adsorbs the pigment component contained in the treated water. Further, since the soil treatment tank 160 is not a multi-stage membrane treatment method by pressurization but a gravity infiltration method, it is excellent in energy saving and easy to maintain.

As shown in FIG. 4, the soil treatment tank 160 is arranged in the lower part of the sprinkler pipe 161 to which the treated water is sent from the flow rate adjusting tank 150, and the treated water permeates and purifies the treated water. Are purified by the treated soil layer 162, which is arranged side by side in the horizontal direction to form soil blocks, and the water passage layer 163 and soil blocks 165, which are arranged between the soil blocks 165 and through which the treated water passes. It is installed in a corner of the storage tank S where the treated water is stored, and includes a discharge port 169 from which the treated water is discharged.

The sprinkler pipe 161 is arranged in the upper part of the soil block 165, and the treated water supplied from the flow rate adjusting tank 150 by a pump (not shown) is evenly sprinkled downward. The sprinkler pipe 161 is formed by arranging a plurality of sprinkler holes at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction so that the treated water supplied from the flow rate adjusting tank 150 falls downward into the hollow pipe.

In the sprinkler pipe 161, a plurality of columns are arranged horizontally in the upper part of the soil blocks 165 located at the uppermost stage, and the treated water sprinkled is purified while penetrating the soil blocks 165 arranged at the lower part.

As described above, the soil treatment tank 160 includes a treated soil layer 162 formed by soil blocks 165 arranged horizontally side by side inside the treatment tank, and a water passage layer alternately stacked in multiple stages in the height direction. It is composed of 163, which allows soil blocks 165 to be stacked in multiple stages in the height direction. The water flow layer 163 is composed of pumice stone or single grain crushed stone.

On the other hand, the treated soil layer 162 is arranged between the water flow layers 163. The water flow layer 163 includes an air diffuser 168 that supplies air to the treated soil layer. That is, by supplying external air to the soil blocks 165 arranged in the treated soil layer 162, oxygen is supplied to the aerobic microorganisms living in the soil block 165. Normally, the air diffuser pipe 168 is arranged in two systems on the third and fifth stages counting from the uppermost treatment soil tank 162, but it may increase or decrease as the planned sewage amount and the unit sewage treatment amount increase or decrease. Yes (in FIG. 4, only one system is shown in the water flow layer above the third stage).

The soil microorganisms that inhabit the soil block 165 feed on the organic substances remaining in the treated water, resulting in the concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and suspended solids (SS). It reduces and adsorbs the pigment component of the treated water.

The mixed soil 167 constituting the soil block 165, which will be described later, is in charge of the filtration and adsorption actions, but the main purification action of the soil block 165 is a group of soil microorganisms responsible for decomposing organic matter living in the mixed soil 167. Is playing.

The soil block 165 is installed inside the soil block frame 164 and the soil block frame 164, is installed so as to wrap the mixed soil 167 that purifies the treated water, and is composed of a non-woven fabric 166 that permeates the treated water. The soil block 165 is a block (integrated) of mixed soil 167.

The soil block frame 164 provides a space for accommodating the mixed soil 167 inside. Although the soil block frame 164 according to the present embodiment is shown as a straight hexahedron shape with an open upper portion, the scope of rights of the present invention is not limited to this, and can have various shapes.

Then, the non-woven fabric 166 is installed inside the soil block frame 164, and the non-woven fabric 166 wraps the mixed soil 167 to prevent the mixed soil 167 from being washed away to the outside of the soil block frame 164.

Further, the treated water that has passed through the non-woven fabric 166 is sent to another soil block 165 or a water passage layer 163 installed under the soil block 165. In this way, the non-woven fabric 166 is laid inside the soil block frame 164, and the non-woven fabric 166 is filled with the mixed soil 167 to manufacture the soil block 165.

Although the soil block 165 according to the present embodiment is illustrated so as to be laminated in nine layers in the height direction inside the soil treatment tank 160, the scope of rights of the present invention is not limited thereto.

The mixed soil 167 is installed inside the soil block frame 164 so as to be in contact with the treated water in a state of being wrapped in the non-woven fabric 166 to purify the treated water. Soil block 165 reduces the concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus and total nitrogen in treated water and adsorbs pigment components (ie). Decolorize).

Reduces the amount of treated water in soil block 165 and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration by soil block 165, and is effective in adsorbing pigment components. In order to do so, the composition of the mixed soil 167, the effective diameter and water content of the solid sand soil constituting the mixed soil 167, and the hardness of the mixed soil 167 must be optimized.

The mixed soil 167 in this example contains decomposed granite soil, humus soil, charcoal and pumice.
Decomposed granite soil is a base material element constituting the mixed soil 167, has excellent water permeability, and is easy to control the particle size.

Humus provides a living space for soil microorganisms and also serves as a food for soil microorganisms. The leaf mold is completely decomposed by soil microorganisms after 2 to 3 months, and after the decomposition, provides voids in the mixed soil 167.

Pumice stones play a role in regulating the water content of the mixed soil 167. The pumice stone has abundant voids inside the solid, and when the mixed soil 167 has a large amount of water, a certain amount of water is stored in the pumice stone, and when the mixed soil 167 is dried, the water stored in the pumice stone is released. By doing so, the water content in the mixed soil 167 is kept constant. In addition, through the function of pumice stones as described above, it is possible to avoid the phenomenon that decomposed granite soil becomes muddy.

Charcoal plays a role in providing water permeability and breathability to the mixed soil 167, and at the same time has functions of decolorization, deodorization and dephosphorization.

The composition of the mixed soil 167 is formed by mixing the decomposed granite soil at a ratio of 75 to 80%, the humus soil at 10 to 15%, the charcoal at 5 to 10%, and the pumice at 5 to 10%.

If the volume of the humus is less than 10% of the total volume of the mixed soil 167, the purification effect by the soil microorganisms is weak, and if it exceeds 15%, the voids due to the humus are excessively formed and there is a risk that the mixed soil 167 will sink.

When charcoal is less than 5% of the total volume of the mixed soil 167, the water permeability and air permeability of the mixed soil 167 are lowered, and at the same time, decolorization, deodorization, and dephosphorization that adsorb the pigment component of sewage do not proceed effectively. If it exceeds 10%, economic efficiency will be impaired.

Next, the effective diameter of decomposed granite soil will be described.
When purifying sewage using soil, the main body of purification is soil microorganisms, but the factors that determine the treatment amount are the particle size and porosity of the soil. The fluid that passes through the soil gap is greatly affected by the particle size distribution of the soil. The effective diameter of soil (D ₁₀ ) refers to the particle size corresponding to 10% of the passing mass percentage, and the hydraulic conductivity of soil is determined by the effective diameter (D ₁₀ ). More precisely, the hydraulic conductivity of soil is proportional to the square of the effective diameter (D ₁₀ ).

The effective diameter of decomposed granite soil (D ₁₀ ) must be determined primarily in consideration of the quality of raw water, planned treatment amount, and unit treatment amount, and at the same time, the material and compounding conditions of mixed soil 167 and soil block 165. Various design conditions such as the number of layers must be considered.

Therefore, the applicant conducted the experiment under the conditions shown in Table 1 below.
In Table 1, experiments were carried out by applying various effective diameters of decomposed granite soil under various conditions such as the compounding condition of mixed soil 167, the production condition of soil block 165, and the condition of the number of laminated soil blocks 165.

In addition, Table 2 below shows the percentage of passing mass (%) based on the particle size of decomposed granite soil.
With reference to Table 2 and FIG. 5, it is preferable that the granite soil belongs to the range of 10% passing mass, and the effective diameter of decomposed granite soil corresponding to the range of 10% passing mass is 0.075 to 0.250 mm. Therefore, it is preferable to design the optimum effective diameter of decomposed granite soil to be 0.075 to 0.250 mm.

Next, the moisture content of decomposed granite soil according to this example will be described.
It is desirable that the decomposed granite soil constituting the mixed soil 167 according to this embodiment has a water content of 11 to 14%. When the moisture content of decomposed granite soil is less than 11% or exceeds 14%, the decomposed granite soil, pumice stone, and charcoal are not well integrated, and the decomposed granite soil is integrated with the mixed soil 167 through the moisture content of 11-14%. At the same time, a gap in the mixed soil 167 that enables the movement of sewage can be secured.

Next, the hardness of the mixed soil 167 according to this example will be described.
The mixed soil 167 constituting the soil block 165 according to this embodiment is required to have a certain level of hardness. The hardness of the mixed soil 167 is obtained by the compaction operation of the mixed soil 167. That is, the mixed soil 167 can be compacted to a constant strength in a state where the mixed soil 167 is filled in the soil block frame 164 to give hardness to the mixed soil 167.

When compaction is not performed, that is, when the hardness of the mixed soil 167 is low, subsidence of the treated soil layer 162 occurs due to natural consolidation. Then, the subsidence of the treated soil layer 162 induces the subsidence of the entire soil treatment tank 160 including the water flow layer 163. On the other hand, when the compaction is excessively performed, if the hardness of the mixed soil 167 is larger than the standard, the voids are closed, the water permeability and the air permeability are deteriorated, and the purification is not performed.

In consideration of these points, it is desirable to design the hardness of the mixed soil 167 to be 11 to 15 mm based on the Yamanaka hardness tester according to this embodiment. The hardness of the mixed soil 167 using the Yamanaka hardness tester can be measured by piercing the mixed soil 167 with the Yamanaka hardness tester and then checking the scale penetrating the hardness tester. As a reference, the hardness measuring method using the Yamanaka hardness tester is a widely known measuring method in the field of measuring the hardness of soil.

Hereinafter, a method for producing the soil block 165 will be described.
First, a mixed soil 167 is prepared to produce the soil block 165.

The mixed soil 167 is prepared by blending the total volume ratio of decomposed granite soil 75 to 80%, humus soil 10 to 15%, charcoal 5 to 10%, and pumice stone 5 to 10%. The effective diameter of decomposed granite soil constituting the mixed soil 167 is 0.075 to 0.25 mm, and the water content of decomposed granite soil must satisfy the condition of 11 to 14%.

Then, the soil block frame 164 is prepared, the non-woven fabric 166 is laid inside the soil block frame 164, and then the mixed soil 167 is filled in the non-woven fabric 166.

The mixed soil 167 filled in the soil block frame 164 is compacted, and the hardness of the mixed soil 167 is confirmed to be 11.0 to 15.0 mm to complete the soil block 165.

The method for manufacturing the soil treatment tank 160 using the soil block 165 is as follows.

After grating (not shown) is installed as a support plate inside the soil treatment tank 160, a plurality of soil blocks 165 are arranged horizontally on the soil block 165 as shown in FIG. 4 to form a treated soil layer 162. Then, a water flow layer 163 having a constant height is laid so as to cover the entire treated soil layer 162. The treated soil layer 162 is laid horizontally on the water flow layer 163 again. In this way, a plurality of soil blocks 165 are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the work of laying the water flow layer 163 on the horizontally arranged soil blocks 165 is repeatedly carried out, and the soil blocks 165 are multistaged in the height direction. The laminated soil treatment tank 160 is completed.

On the other hand, in the middle of stacking the soil blocks 165 in multiple stages in the height direction, an air diffuser pipe 168 for supplying air is arranged between the water passage layers 163. A sprinkler pipe 161 that evenly sprinkles the treated water downward is installed on the upper part of the uppermost soil block 165. The effect of the soil treatment tank 160 formed by using the soil block 165 as described above will be described below through Examples.

<Example 1: Experimental method>
Purification treatment of raw water using soil block 165 according to this example was carried out, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), phosphorus, nitrogen, and Escherichia coli were treated. The removal ability was evaluated.

The soil block 165 of this embodiment uses a stainless steel soil block frame 164 and wraps the treated soil layer 162 with a non-woven fabric 166. The soil block 165 was designed to have a size of W200 x L400 x H50 mm, and the overall dimensions of the soil treatment tank 160 were designed to be W1.30 x L0.80 x H2.00 m. Pumice stones were laid in the water flow layer 163 between the soil blocks 165. Here, 9 layers of the whole treated soil layer 162 were laminated. The mixed soil 167 according to this example is composed of decomposed granite soil 75%, humus soil 10%, charcoal 10%, and pumice stone 5% in terms of total volume. As the raw water, secondary treated water having properties of BOD 20.0 mg / l, SS 10.0 mg / l, T-P 3.0 mg / l, and TN 18.3 mg / l was used. The watering period was from August 20 to December 16, 2017, and 7.0 to 10.0 m ³ / day of raw water was supplied to the soil treatment tank 160. In addition, 7.0 L / m ^2. min of air was continuously supplied to the soil treatment tank 160 for 24 hours.

<Example 2: Unit sewage treatment amount>
As a result of operating the soil treatment tank 160 for 108 days, the daily average treatment amount of the soil treatment tank 160, that is, the unit treatment amount was 8.4 m ³ / m ² .day. The amount of treated water for each period of the soil treatment tank 160 is shown in Table 3 below.

<Example 3: Water quality analysis for general items>
The water temperature, pH, and ORP (Oxidation-Reduction Potential) showed similar values for raw water and treated water. The dissolved oxygen content (DO) was higher in the treated water than in the raw water, which is due to the continuous supply of 7.0 L / m ^2. min of air to the soil treatment tank 160 for 24 hours. ..

<Example 4: Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removing ability>
Table 4 below shows the BOD removal ability of the soil treatment tank 160.

Referring to Table 4 and FIG. 6, the soil treatment tank 160 showed a stable BOD removal ability as a result of operating at an initial load of 7.5 m ³ / m ² .day. After that, on September 19, the load was increased to 8.5 m ³ / m ² .day and the experiment was continued for about 5 weeks. As a result, the BOD removal ability was 2.0 mg / l or less, which was the target value (5. 0 mg / l) was satisfied. Then, on October 16, the load was increased to 10 m ³ / m ² .day and the experiment was continued for 4 weeks. As a result, the BOD removing ability was 2 mg / l or less and the target value (5 mg / l) was satisfied.

On the other hand, looking at the relationship between the temperature of raw water and the ability to remove BOD, the load is 10 m ³ / m ² under the conditions where the temperature and water temperature are relatively high from summer to autumn and the biological activity of soil microorganisms is maintained high. It was .day, and even if the BOD of the raw water exceeded 20 mg / l, the BOD of the treated water was 5 mg / l or less. In winter, when the water temperature was lower than 15 degrees Celsius, the biological activity of soil microorganisms decreased, and the BOD of the treated water exceeded the target value of 5 mg / l. However, even in winter, it is presumed that the BOD of treated water can be adjusted to the target value if the BOD of raw water is maintained at 20 mg / l. Further, when the soil treatment tank 160 is buried underground and the influence of the external temperature is small, it is expected that the BOD of the treated water can be adjusted to the target value even in winter.

On the other hand, looking at the relationship between the load amount and the BOD removal ability, it was confirmed that the BOD removal ability can be maintained at 90% or more even if the load amount increases to 7.5 to 10 m ³ / m ² .day. rice field.

After setting the load to 10 m ³ / m ² .day, the BOD removal ability was not significantly affected and stable treated water quality could be maintained until the end of November. However, in December, the BOD removal ability tended to decrease, which is considered to be mainly due to the decrease in biological activity due to low temperature.

<Example 5: Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended matter concentration (SS) removing ability>
FIG. 7 shows the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removing ability, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of raw water is 30 to 40 mg / l, and the removing efficiency becomes low in winter like the BOD removing ability. rice field. Referring to FIG. 8, the concentration of suspended matter (SS) in raw water was removed by 90% or more until November 11 after the start of operation, but in winter, the concentration of suspended matter (SS) in raw water decreased to about 70%. ..

Looking at the relationship between the load amount and the COD and SS removal ability, the COD and SS removal ability characteristics are stable even when the load amount increases to 7.5 to 10 m ³ / m ² .day, similar to the BOD removal ability. showed that.

<Example 6: Phosphorus removing ability>
Table 5 below shows the total phosphorus (TP) removal amount and removal rate of the soil treatment tank 160 according to the load amount, and FIG. 9 shows the total phosphorus (TP) removal amount of the soil treatment tank 160 according to the measuring institution. It represents the amount of removal.

Referring to Table 5, when the load was less than 8.5 m ³ / m ² .day, the total phosphorus (TP) removal rate was 10 to 20%, but the load was 10 m ³ / m ² .day. In the above cases, total phosphorus (TP) was hardly removed.

Also, referring to FIG. 9, from October 16th, the load was increased from 10 m ³ / m ² .day to 10 m ³ and treated for 4 weeks, and then the load was reduced to 7 m ³ / m ² .day again for treatment. However, phosphorus was hardly removed.

<Example 7: Nitrogen removing ability>
An analysis was performed on the nitrogen removal capacity of the soil treatment tank 160. Table 6 below shows the experimental results showing the nitrogen removing ability of the soil treatment layer 160, and total nitrogen (TN), NH ₄ , and NO ₃ were set as the nitrogen items to be analyzed. FIG. 10 shows the experimental results showing the total nitrogen (TN), NH ₄ , and NO ₃ removal ability of the soil treatment tank 160 according to the measuring institution.

As a result of conducting a nitrogen removal capacity experiment of the soil treatment tank 160, referring to Table 6 and FIG. 10, most of the ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ -N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO ₂ -N) in the raw water are nitrates. It was confirmed that it was converted to nitrogen (NO ₃ -N).

Ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ -N) and nitrite nitrogen in raw water (NO ₂ -N) go through the nitrate reaction to nitrate nitrogen (NO ₂ -N), but finally nitrate nitrogen. (NO ₂ -N) is converted to nitrogen gas (N ₂ ). However, although it was confirmed that the nitrate reaction proceeded stably in this experiment, the denitrification reaction to nitrogen gas (N ₂ ) was insignificant, and nitrate nitrogen (NO) was used in the treated water. It was confirmed that ₂ -N) was contained in a large amount.

In this way, the total nitrogen in the raw water and the treated water showed similar values regardless of the load. As shown in Table 6 and FIG. 10, the removal rate of ammonia is 89.4%, which is a very high value. This is due to the fact that the dissolved oxygen content (DO) of the treated water is 7 mg / l or more per minute, and the operating conditions of the soil treatment tank 160 are that external air is supplied by the diffuser pipe and nitrification is performed under high opportunity conditions. This is due to the active progress of the reaction.

On the other hand, in order to convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen gas, a denitrification reaction by anaerobic microorganisms is required, but in order to cause a denitrification reaction, the inside of the soil treatment tank 160 becomes anaerobic and denitrification. The necessary carbon source (hydrogen donor) is required.

Until the middle of the experiment, it was formed under aerobic conditions, the organic matter concentration in the raw water was low, the conditions required for the denitrification reaction were not met, the nitrate nitrogen (NO ₂ -N) remained, and the total nitrogen concentration changed so much. I didn't. In the latter half of the experiment, that is, in winter, the total nitrogen removal progressed by 10 to 15% as the air temperature and water temperature decreased, the BOD concentration of raw water increased, and the load increased to 10.0 m ³ / m ² .day. .. The reason why the denitrification reaction progressed by a certain amount in the latter half of the experiment is presumed as follows.

In winter, the BOD value of raw water increases due to the decrease in water temperature, and it is presumed that untreated organic matter was used as a hydrogen supply required for the denitrification reaction. Further, it is judged that the load amount increases due to the accumulation of SS of raw water in the soil treatment tank 160, and the inside of the soil treatment tank 160 is partially changed to anaerobic conditions.

<Example 8: Escherichia coli removing ability>
FIG. 11 shows the experimental results showing the E. coli removing ability of the soil treatment tank by a water quality inspection organization. Referring to FIG. 11, the number of coliform bacteria in the raw water is 300 to 3600 ml, but the number of coliform bacteria in the treated water of the soil treatment tank 160 is 100 to 1000 / ml, which clears the effluent standard. On the other hand, when the soil treatment tank 160 described above is operated for a long time, clogging may occur, so the soil treatment tank 160 must be operated alternately. That is, in this embodiment, a plurality of series of soil treatment tanks 160 were installed and used alternately. As an example, as shown in Table 7 below, when three series of soil treatment tanks 160 were used, each soil treatment tank 160 was operated alternately for two months and then rested for one month. Table 7 shows the operation method of the soil treatment tank 160.

When the unit treatment amount is large or in winter, a circulation pump (not shown) is installed in the water collection tank 170 to circulate the treated water stored in the water collection tank 170 to the soil treatment tank 160 to purify the treated water again. Treat and prevent the treated water from freezing. In addition, in order to prevent the treatment capacity of the soil treatment tank 160 from decreasing in winter, a heat insulating material (not shown) may be installed on the outer wall of the soil treatment tank 160 to prevent the activity of soil microorganisms from decreasing. can.

The treated water that has passed through the soil treatment tank 160 is sent to the water collection tank 170 installed inside the container 110 through the discharge port 169 installed at the bottom of the soil treatment tank 160. The treated water stored in the water collecting tank 170 is sent to the water supply unit 210 installed in the toilet building 200 through the water supply device P, and is used for washing the toilet bowl in the toilet building 200.

On the other hand, in order to further improve the chromaticity of the treated water before being sent to the toilet building 200, the treated water stored in the water collecting tank 170 is the treated water stored in the water collecting tank 170 in the container 110 in this embodiment. It is sent to the activated carbon filter cylinder 180 installed inside, and the pigment component and suspended matter remaining in the treated water are adsorbed and filtered by the activated carbon filter cylinder 180.

The activated carbon filter tube 180 according to this embodiment decolorizes the treated water. In the treated water, the pigment component contained in the treated water is adsorbed by the soil block 165 and decolorized while passing through the soil treatment tank 160, but in this embodiment, the pigment component remaining in the treated water and the pigment component are performed. The activated carbon filter tube 180 was installed so as to further remove suspended matter and improve the chromaticity of the treated water. The activated carbon filter tube 180 is filled with activated carbon and other filter media, and the pigment components and suspended matter remaining in the treated water are adsorbed and filtered by the activated carbon and other filter media.

The treated water that has passed through the activated carbon filter tube 180 is sent to the water collecting tank 170 again and then supplied to the toilet building 200 by the water supply device. The water quality of the treated water that has passed through the activated carbon filter tube 180 has achieved the water quality standard for landscape landscaping.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to the described examples, and various modifications and modifications can be made to the extent that the idea and the scope of rights of the present invention are not exceeded. Therefore, such amendments or modifications belong to the claims of the present invention.

100 Soil type sewage treatment unit 110 Container 120 Sedimentation separation tank 130 Contact exposure tank 140 Filtration sedimentation tank 150 Flow control tank 160 Soil treatment tank 170 Water collection tank 180 Activated carbon filter cylinder 200 Toilet building 250 Raw water tank

Claims (15)

A container that is movable and has a storage space inside,
A sedimentation separation tank installed inside the above container, where sewage is supplied from a raw water tank in which sewage is stored, purifies the sewage under anaerobic conditions, and suppresses the generation of stinks, scum, and sludge.
A contact aeration tank installed inside the container, to which treated water is supplied via the settling separation tank, and purifies the treated water using an air diffuser and a microbial carrier under favorable conditions.
A filtration settling tank that is installed inside the container, is supplied with treated water via the contact aeration tank, filters suspended matter, and returns the treated water with high oxygen concentration to the raw water tank.
A flow rate control tank installed inside the container and to which the treated water that has passed through the filtration settling tank is supplied.
A soil treatment tank that is installed inside the container and is supplied with treated water via the flow control tank to decompose organic substances, chemical substances and suspended solids contained in the treated water and adsorb pigment components.
A water collection tank installed inside the container and storing the treated water that has passed through the soil treatment tank,
A movable soil-type sewage treatment unit comprising a device for supplying the treated water in the water collecting tank to the toilet building through a water supply device. The above sedimentation separation tank
Grating installed inside and the lower part is immersed in sewage,
A covered soil layer that is installed inside the grating so as to come into contact with sewage and suppresses the generation of scum and sludge that absorbs the malodor of sewage.
The movable soil-type sewage treatment unit according to claim 1, wherein the coated soil layer is wrapped inside the glazing and contains a non-woven fabric through which sewage is permeated. The movable soil-type sewage treatment unit according to claim 2, wherein the covered soil layer is immersed in the sewage in the sedimentation separation tank by 5 to 8 cm. The claimed soil layer is characterized in that the total volume is mixed with decomposed granite soil of 75 to 80%, humus soil of 10 to 15%, charcoal of 5 to 10%, and pumice of 5 to 10%. Item 2. The movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to Item 2. The movable soil according to claim 4, wherein the decomposed granite soil has an effective diameter of 0.075 to 0.25 mm and a water content of the decomposed granite soil is 11 to 14% in the covered soil layer. Type sewage treatment unit. The movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to claim 4, wherein the hardness of the covered soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the Yamanaka type soil hardness tester. The movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to claim 1, wherein the filtration settling tank uses a shell as a filter medium for adjusting the pH of the treated water. The above soil treatment tank
A sprinkler pipe that evenly sprinkles the treated water supplied from the flow rate adjustment tank,
It is placed at the bottom of the sprinkler pipe, and the treated water permeates and is arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. At the same time, it is stacked in multiple stages in the height direction to decompose organic substances, chemical substances, and suspended solids contained in the treated water. And soil blocks that adsorb pigment components,
The movable soil-type sewage treatment unit according to claim 1, which is arranged between the soil blocks and includes a water passage layer through which treated water passes. The above soil block
Soil block frame and
A mixed soil that is installed inside the soil block frame in contact with the treated water, decomposes organic substances, chemical substances and suspended matter contained in the treated water, and adsorbs pigment components.
The movable soil-type sewage treatment unit according to claim 8, wherein the inside of the soil block frame includes a non-woven fabric that wraps the mixed soil and allows the treated water to permeate. The claim is characterized in that the mixed soil is formed by mixing decomposed granite soil with a total volume ratio of 75 to 80%, humus soil with 10 to 15%, charcoal with 5 to 10%, and pumice with a ratio of 5 to 10%. 9. The movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to 9. The movable soil type according to claim 10, wherein the decomposed granite soil has an effective diameter of 0.075 to 0.25 mm and the water content of the decomposed granite soil is 11 to 14%. Sewage treatment unit. The movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to claim 10, wherein the hardness of the mixed soil is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the Yamanaka type soil hardness tester. The movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to claim 8, wherein the soil treatment tank is arranged between the soil blocks and includes an air diffuser for supplying air between the soil blocks. The movable soil-type sewage treatment unit according to claim 1, wherein the soil treatment tanks are installed in a plurality of series inside the container so that they can be used alternately. The treated water installed inside the container and stored in the water collecting tank is supplied, and the dye component remaining in the treated water is adsorbed, and the water collecting tank again contains an activated carbon filter tube that shares the treated water. The movable soil type sewage treatment unit according to claim 1.

Images