JP2022051319A - Sound collection device - Google Patents

Sound collection device Download PDF

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JP2022051319A
JP2022051319A JP2020157738A JP2020157738A JP2022051319A JP 2022051319 A JP2022051319 A JP 2022051319A JP 2020157738 A JP2020157738 A JP 2020157738A JP 2020157738 A JP2020157738 A JP 2020157738A JP 2022051319 A JP2022051319 A JP 2022051319A
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sound
microphone
stethoscope
sounds
collecting member
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JP7175947B2 (en
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正義 下元
Masayoshi Shimomoto
毅 永田
Takeshi Nagata
秀正 前川
Hidemasa Maekawa
俊夫 笠間
Toshio Kasama
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Mizuho Research and Technologies Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B7/00—Instruments for auscultation
    • A61B7/02—Stethoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B7/00—Instruments for auscultation
    • A61B7/02—Stethoscopes
    • A61B7/04—Electric stethoscopes

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Abstract

To provide a sound collection member capable of collecting sounds while confirming sounds with human ears.SOLUTION: An ear chip 40 attachable to a stethoscope is provided with a microphone 50 capable of sound collection of a frequency corresponding to an auscultatory sound on the side face of a hollow part 42 of a sound of the stethoscope. The auscultatory sound collected by the microphone 50 is transmitted to an analysis device 60 via a signal conversion device 51. The analysis device 60 analyzes the auscultatory sound.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、集音するための集音部材に関する。 The present invention relates to a sound collecting member for collecting sound.

診察時等に、聴診器が利用されている。医師は、聴診器によって集音された音により、患者の呼吸音、胸膜音、心音、動静脈音等を確認する。また、従来の聴診器にマイクロホンを設け、このマイクロホンの出力を電気的に増幅して出力する電子式聴診器も検討されている。 A stethoscope is used at the time of medical examination. The doctor confirms the patient's breath sounds, pleural sounds, heart sounds, arteriovenous sounds, etc. by the sounds collected by the stethoscope. Further, an electronic stethoscope in which a microphone is provided in a conventional stethoscope and the output of the microphone is electrically amplified and output is also being studied.

しかし、電子式聴診器は、マイクロホンの出力を電気的に増幅するため、従来型の聴診器と音質が異なるため、従来型の聴診器を使用している医師にとって違和感がある。そこで、従来型の聴診器と音質的に大差なく、経験を積んだ医師も装用可能な聴診器も検討されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この文献に記載された聴診器では、受音具で検出した音を導音管、左右一対の副導音管を経て外耳道に送り込むように構成する。副導音管の終端に設けたイヤーチップ内に配置した聴診用マイクロホン及び外界用マイクロホンと、これらのマイクロホンの出力を増幅する増幅器と、この増幅器の出力を音響変換するイヤホンを備える。 However, since the electronic stethoscope electrically amplifies the output of the microphone, the sound quality is different from that of the conventional stethoscope, which makes a doctor who uses the conventional stethoscope feel uncomfortable. Therefore, a stethoscope that is not much different in sound quality from the conventional stethoscope and can be worn by an experienced doctor is also being studied (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The stethoscope described in this document is configured to send the sound detected by the sound receiving device to the ear canal via a sound guide tube and a pair of left and right auxiliary sound guide tubes. It is provided with an auscultation microphone and an external microphone arranged in an ear tip provided at the end of a secondary sound guide tube, an amplifier for amplifying the output of these microphones, and an earphone for acoustically converting the output of this amplifier.

特開平１０－１４９１４号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-14914

しかしながら、引用文献に記載された技術では、増幅器により、増幅された音を医師が聴くことになる。この場合、周囲の環境音等によっては、従来と同様の診察が困難になる。 However, with the techniques described in the cited references, the amplifier will allow the physician to hear the amplified sound. In this case, the same examination as before becomes difficult depending on the surrounding environmental noise and the like.

上記課題を解決する集音部材は、聴診器に取り付け可能であり、前記聴診器の音の導波路の側面に、聴診音に応じた周波数を集音可能なマイクを設けた。 The sound collecting member for solving the above problems can be attached to a stethoscope, and a microphone capable of collecting a frequency corresponding to the auscultation sound is provided on the side surface of the waveguide of the sound of the stethoscope.

本発明によれば、人間の耳で音を確認しながら、集音することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to collect sound while confirming the sound with the human ear.

実施形態の聴診器の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the stethoscope of embodiment. 実施形態のイヤーチップの説明図。Explanatory drawing of the ear tip of an embodiment.

以下、図１、図２に従って、集音部材を具体化した一実施形態を説明する。本実施形態では、集音部材を取り付けた集音装置として、医師が用いる聴診器を説明する。
図１に示すように、聴診器ＳＴ１は、チェストピース１０、チューブ２０、耳管部３０、イヤーチップ４０（集音部材）を備える。 Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the sound collecting member is embodied will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In this embodiment, a stethoscope used by a doctor as a sound collecting device to which a sound collecting member is attached will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the stethoscope ST1 includes a chest piece 10, a tube 20, an eustachian tube portion 30, and an ear tip 40 (sound collecting member).

チェストピース１０を、人体等の集音対象に接触させて、音を捉える。チェストピース１０で捉えた音は、チューブ２０、左右一対の耳管部３０に導かれる。
チューブ２０は、パイプ状の可撓性部材で構成される。また、耳管部３０は、パイプ状の剛性の高い部材で構成される。なお、左右の耳管部３０は、互いに引き合うような力を付与する板バネで連結される。 The chest piece 10 is brought into contact with a sound collecting object such as a human body to capture the sound. The sound captured by the chest piece 10 is guided to the tube 20 and the pair of left and right eustachian tubes 30.
The tube 20 is composed of a pipe-shaped flexible member. Further, the eustachian tube portion 30 is composed of a pipe-shaped member having high rigidity. The left and right eustachian tubes 30 are connected by leaf springs that apply a force that attracts each other.

耳管部３０の端部には、イヤーチップ４０が装着される。聴診器ＳＴ１の使用時には、イヤーチップ４０は、医師の外耳道に挿入される。そして、装用者は、イヤーチップ４０により外耳道に導かれた音によって、被検者の呼吸音、胸膜音、心音、動静脈音等を確認する。 An ear tip 40 is attached to the end of the eustachian tube portion 30. When using the stethoscope ST1, the eartip 40 is inserted into the doctor's ear canal. Then, the wearer confirms the breath sounds, pleural sounds, heart sounds, arteriovenous sounds, etc. of the subject by the sounds guided to the ear canal by the ear tip 40.

図２に示すように、イヤーチップ４０は、耳管部３０を挿入するための開口部４１が設けられている。この開口部４１は、これに連通する中空部４２により、他端の開口部４３に接続される。使用時には、開口部４３により、医師の外耳道に音を伝達する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the ear tip 40 is provided with an opening 41 for inserting the eustachian tube portion 30. The opening 41 is connected to the opening 43 at the other end by a hollow portion 42 communicating with the opening 41. At the time of use, the opening 43 transmits sound to the doctor's ear canal.

中空部４２の側面には、マイク５０が設けられている。このマイク５０により、聴診音に応じた周波数（20Hz～1000Hz）を集音する。
マイク５０には、信号変換装置５１が有線で接続される。この信号変換装置５１は、バッテリ、信号変換部、無線発信部を備える。そして、信号変換装置５１は、マイク５０でピックアップした聴診音を信号変換して、Bluetooth（登録商標）等の無線通信により外部に送信する。信号変換では、例えば、サンプリングレート4000Hz以上、量子化16bit、モノラルで、20Hz～1000Hzのゲインとして、ほぼ一定値を用いる。なお、周波数は、20Hz～1000Hzに限定されるものではなく、例えば、10Hz～2000Hzの周波数範囲で集音するようにしてもよい。 A microphone 50 is provided on the side surface of the hollow portion 42. The microphone 50 collects frequencies (20 Hz to 1000 Hz) according to the auscultation sound.
A signal conversion device 51 is connected to the microphone 50 by wire. The signal conversion device 51 includes a battery, a signal conversion unit, and a wireless transmission unit. Then, the signal conversion device 51 converts the auscultatory sound picked up by the microphone 50 into a signal and transmits it to the outside by wireless communication such as Bluetooth (registered trademark). In the signal conversion, for example, a sampling rate of 4000 Hz or more, a quantization of 16 bits, and a monaural gain of 20 Hz to 1000 Hz are used at almost constant values. The frequency is not limited to 20 Hz to 1000 Hz, and for example, sound may be collected in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 2000 Hz.

分析装置６０は、信号変換装置５１により送信された無線信号を受信する。
この分析装置６０は、信号変換された聴診音を、周波数変換等の各種信号処理により分析し、出力する。例えば、聴診音をパターン認識することにより、各種疾患を特定して出力する。 The analyzer 60 receives the radio signal transmitted by the signal converter 51.
The analyzer 60 analyzes and outputs the signal-converted auscultatory sound by various signal processing such as frequency conversion. For example, by recognizing auscultatory sounds as a pattern, various diseases are identified and output.

（作用）
マイク５０は、音の導波路（音の通り道）の側面に、導波路を妨げることなく設けられているため、聴診音の障害にならず、聴診音を、そのまま外耳道に伝達することができる。 (Action)
Since the microphone 50 is provided on the side surface of the sound waveguide (sound passage) without obstructing the waveguide, the auscultation sound can be transmitted to the ear canal as it is without disturbing the auscultation sound.

以上、本実施形態によれば、以下に示す効果を得ることができる。
（１）本実施形態では、イヤーチップ４０の中空部４２の側面には、マイク５０が設けられている。このため、従来と同様に、音響特性の影響を与えることなく、聴診器による診察を行なうことができる。更に、イヤーチップ４０にマイク５０が組み込まれるため、別の聴診器を用いる場合にも、イヤーチップ４０を交換すれば、使い回すことができる。更に、イヤーチップ４０にマイク５０が組み込まれているため、医師の耳元で聞こえる音を集音できるとともに、風切り音等の外部等からのノイズを抑制できる。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the present embodiment, a microphone 50 is provided on the side surface of the hollow portion 42 of the ear tip 40. Therefore, as in the conventional case, it is possible to perform a medical examination with a stethoscope without affecting the acoustic characteristics. Further, since the microphone 50 is incorporated in the ear tip 40, even when another stethoscope is used, the ear tip 40 can be replaced and reused. Further, since the microphone 50 is incorporated in the ear tip 40, it is possible to collect the sound heard by the doctor's ear and suppress external noise such as wind noise.

（２）本実施形態では、マイク５０が設けられている。このマイク５０により、音（20Hz～1000Hz）を集音する。心臓聴診におけるI音（僧帽弁が閉まる音）やII音（大動脈弁が閉まる音）、III音（心室充満音）及びIV音（心房音）、ギャロップリズム、僧帽弁狭窄、消化器官、駆出性雑音、大動脈及び僧帽弁逆流、呼吸器等による聴診音を集音することができる。 (2) In the present embodiment, the microphone 50 is provided. Sound (20Hz to 1000Hz) is collected by this microphone 50. Sound I (sound of closing the mitral valve), sound II (sound of closing the aortic valve), sound III (sound of filling the ventricle) and sound IV (sound of the atrium), galloprism, mitral valve stenosis, digestive organs, etc. Auscultatory sounds from ejection noise, aortic and mitral valve regurgitation, respiratory organs, etc. can be collected.

（３）本実施形態では、信号変換装置５１は、マイク５０でピックアップした聴診音を信号変換して、無線通信により分析装置６０に送信する。これにより、聴診音を妨げることなく、本来の診察の障害にならない。 (3) In the present embodiment, the signal conversion device 51 converts the auscultatory sound picked up by the microphone 50 into a signal and transmits it to the analyzer 60 by wireless communication. This does not interfere with the auscultation sound and does not interfere with the original examination.

本実施形態は、以下のように変更して実施することができる。本実施形態及び以下の変更例は、技術的に矛盾しない範囲で互いに組み合わせて実施することができる。
・上記実施形態では、イヤーチップ４０の中空部４２の側面には、マイク５０が設けられている。外部等からのノイズを抑制でき、音響特性の影響を与えることがない音の導波路の側面であれば、イヤーチップ４０の中空部４２の側面に限定されるものではない。例えば、チェストピース１０、チューブ２０、耳管部３０の導波路の側面に、導波路の形状を変化させない位置にマイク５０を設けてもよい。チューブ２０又は耳管部３０にマイク５０を設ける場合には、チューブ２０、耳管部３０に固定する取付部と、この取付部により密着させるマイクとを設ける。
また、異なる位置に、複数のマイク５０を設けてもよい。例えば、両側のイヤーチップ４０にマイク５０を設けてもよい。また、イヤーチップ４０とチェストピース１０、チューブ２０、耳管部３０の何れかと組み合わせてマイク５０を設けてもよい。 This embodiment can be modified and implemented as follows. The present embodiment and the following modified examples can be implemented in combination with each other within a technically consistent range.
In the above embodiment, a microphone 50 is provided on the side surface of the hollow portion 42 of the ear tip 40. The side surface of the sound waveguide that can suppress noise from the outside and does not affect the acoustic characteristics is not limited to the side surface of the hollow portion 42 of the ear tip 40. For example, a microphone 50 may be provided on the side surface of the waveguide of the chest piece 10, the tube 20, and the eustachian tube portion 30 at a position where the shape of the waveguide is not changed. When the microphone 50 is provided on the tube 20 or the eustachian tube portion 30, a mounting portion fixed to the tube 20 and the eustachian tube portion 30 and a microphone to be brought into close contact with the mounting portion are provided.
Further, a plurality of microphones 50 may be provided at different positions. For example, microphones 50 may be provided on the ear tips 40 on both sides. Further, the microphone 50 may be provided in combination with any of the ear tip 40, the chest piece 10, the tube 20, and the eustachian tube portion 30.

・上記実施形態では、集音装置として、医師が用いる聴診器に適用した。本発明の適用対象は、集音する装置であれば、聴診器に限定されるものではない。 -In the above embodiment, it is applied to a stethoscope used by a doctor as a sound collecting device. The subject of the present invention is not limited to a stethoscope as long as it is a device that collects sound.

・上記実施形態では、信号変換装置５１は、無線通信により、分析装置６０に信号を送信する。信号の送信方法は無線に限定されるものではなく、有線でもよい。また、マイク５０と信号変換装置５１とを一体で構成してもよい。 -In the above embodiment, the signal conversion device 51 transmits a signal to the analyzer 60 by wireless communication. The method of transmitting the signal is not limited to wireless, and may be wired. Further, the microphone 50 and the signal conversion device 51 may be integrally configured.

ＳＴ１…聴診器、１０…チェストピース、２０…チューブ、３０…耳管部、４０…イヤーチップ、５０…マイク、５１…信号変換装置、６０…分析装置。 ST1 ... stethoscope, 10 ... chestpiece, 20 ... tube, 30 ... eustachian tube, 40 ... ear tip, 50 ... microphone, 51 ... signal converter, 60 ... analyzer.

本発明は、集音するための集音装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a sound collecting device for collecting sound.

上記課題を解決する集音装置は、聴診器に取り付け可能であり、前記聴診器の音の導波路の側面に、聴診音に応じた周波数を集音可能なマイクを設けた。 A sound collecting device that solves the above problems can be attached to a stethoscope, and a microphone capable of collecting a frequency corresponding to the auscultation sound is provided on the side surface of the waveguide of the sound of the stethoscope.

以下、図１、図２に従って、集音装置を具体化した一実施形態を説明する。本実施形態では、集音部材を取り付けた集音装置として、医師が用いる聴診器を説明する。
図１に示すように、聴診器ＳＴ１は、チェストピース１０、チューブ２０、耳管部３０、イヤーチップ４０（集音部材）を備える。 Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the sound collecting device is embodied will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In this embodiment, a stethoscope used by a doctor as a sound collecting device to which a sound collecting member is attached will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the stethoscope ST1 includes a chest piece 10, a tube 20, an eustachian tube portion 30, and an ear tip 40 (sound collecting member).

Claims (5)

聴診器に取り付け可能な集音部材であって、
前記聴診器の音の導波路の側面に、聴診音に応じた周波数を集音可能なマイクを設けたことを特徴とする集音部材。 A sound collecting member that can be attached to a stethoscope.
A sound collecting member characterized in that a microphone capable of collecting a frequency corresponding to the auscultation sound is provided on the side surface of the waveguide of the sound of the stethoscope. 前記マイクを、前記導波路の形状を変化させない位置に設けたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の集音部材。 The sound collecting member according to claim 1, wherein the microphone is provided at a position where the shape of the waveguide is not changed. 前記マイクを、前記聴診器に取り付けるイヤーチップ内の空洞の側面に設けたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の集音部材。 The sound collecting member according to claim 2, wherein the microphone is provided on a side surface of a cavity in an ear tip to be attached to the stethoscope. 前記聴診器の耳管部に固定する取付部を更に備え、
前記マイクを、前記取付部により、前記耳管部に密着させるように設けたことを特徴とする請求項２又は３に記載の集音部材。 Further provided with a mounting portion to be fixed to the eustachian tube portion of the stethoscope,
The sound collecting member according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the microphone is provided so as to be brought into close contact with the eustachian tube portion by the mounting portion. 前記聴診器のチューブに固定する取付部を更に備え、
前記マイクを、前記取付部により、前記チューブに密着させるように設けたことを特徴とする請求項２～４の何れか一項に記載の集音部材。 Further provided with a mounting portion to be fixed to the tube of the stethoscope,
The sound collecting member according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the microphone is provided so as to be brought into close contact with the tube by the mounting portion.
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Citations (4)

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JPH1014914A (en) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-20 Rion Co Ltd Stethoscope
JPH10179574A (en) * 1996-09-17 1998-07-07 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Co <3M> Stethoscope and earpiece thereof
JP2004242849A (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-09-02 Rion Co Ltd Electronic stethoscope
CN110868921A (en) * 2017-05-10 2020-03-06 高等工艺学校 System and method for determining heart rhythm and/or respiration rate

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1014914A (en) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-20 Rion Co Ltd Stethoscope
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