JP2022049891A - building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building which can suppress inflow of air to other spaces from a predetermined chamber.SOLUTION: A building 1 includes a first chamber 14 enabling direct supply and discharge of air to/from outside, a second chamber 13 adjacent to the first chamber 14, and a third chamber 15 adjacent to the second chamber 13, in which the second chamber 13 becomes a positive pressure compared with the first chamber 14 and the third chamber 15, and between the first chamber 14 and the second chamber 13, a first openable/closable fitting D3 is arranged, and a flow of air from the second chamber 13 toward the third chamber 15 is formed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a building.

In recent years, in a house, in addition to a room where a family gathers such as a living room and a dining room, a highly independent living room (independent living room) used by a specific person may be provided. For example, the independent living room may be used as a work room (see Patent Documents 1 and 2 below), or may be used as a medical treatment room for cohabitants.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-286072 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-161466

When used as a medical treatment room, it is desired to control the air flow to other spaces in terms of hygienic air conditioning management.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a building capable of suppressing the inflow of air from a predetermined room into another space in the building.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the building according to the present invention includes a first room that can be directly supplied and exhausted to the outside, a second room adjacent to the first room, and a third room adjacent to the second room. The second room has a more positive pressure than the first room and the third room, and the first room can be opened and closed between the first room and the second room. The fittings of the above are arranged, and the air flow from the second room to the third room is formed.

In a building configured in this way, the second room has a more positive pressure than the first room, so when the first fitting that connects the second room and the first room is opened, , An air flow (air flow) from the second room to the first room is formed, and the flow of air from the first room to the second room is suppressed. After the first fitting is closed, the second room has a more positive pressure than the third room and the air flow from the second room to the third room is formed. , The residual air in the second room flows into the third room. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the inflow of air from the first room (predetermined room) to another space such as the second room.

Further, in the building according to the present invention, a wall partitioning the other space in the building is provided around the first room, and the wall is a wall panel arranged from the floor slab to the ceiling slab. And a sealing material arranged between the lower end of the wall panel and the floor slab, and between the upper end of the wall panel and the ceiling slab.

In a building configured in this way, a sealing material is placed between the lower end of the wall panel of the wall provided around the first room and the floor slab, and the upper end of the wall panel and the ceiling slab A sealing material is placed between them. Therefore, since the gap between the wall panel and the floor slab and the ceiling slab is sealed, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the first room from a place other than the first fitting.

Further, in the building according to the present invention, a second fitting that can be opened and closed is arranged between the second room and the third room, and air can flow through the second fitting. A well-ventilated space may be formed.

In the building configured in this way, since the second fitting has a ventilation space through which air can flow, the air in the second room passes through the ventilation space and flows into the third room. be able to.

Further, in the building according to the present invention, the first fitting may be configured so that the first room and the second room can be sealed.

In a building configured in this way, the first fitting is configured so that the first room and the second room can be sealed, so that the air is first in the state where the first fitting is closed. It is possible to prevent distribution by passing around fittings and the like.

Further, the building according to the present invention has a first air supply / exhaust system for supplying / exhausting air to the first room.
A second air supply / exhaust system that supplies air to the second room and exhausts air from the third room is provided, and the first air supply / exhaust system and the second air supply / exhaust system are It may be a different system.

In a building configured in this way, a first air supply / exhaust system that supplies air to the first room and a second air supply / exhaust system that supplies air to the second room and exhausts air from the third room. Is a separate system. Therefore, the air in the first room is suppressed from flowing into the second room and the third room.

Further, in the building according to the present invention, the second air supply / exhaust system is connected to the first room, the second room and other rooms other than the third room in the building. The second room may have a higher pressure than the other rooms.

In a building configured in this way, the second air supply / exhaust system is also connected to other rooms in the building, and the second room has a higher pressure than the other rooms. Therefore, the air in the first room is suppressed from flowing into the other room.

Further, in the building according to the present invention, the exhaust equipment of the first air supply / exhaust system exhausts the air in the first room to the outside, and the exhausted air in the first room is inside the building. It may have an inhibitory mechanism that suppresses recirculation.

In the building configured in this way, the suppression mechanism exhausts the air in the first room to the outside and suppresses the recirculation of the exhausted air in the first room into the building. Therefore, when the air in the first room is contaminated, it does not affect the surroundings of the building and suppresses the contaminated air from being taken in as a part of the air supply of the building or other buildings around the building. can do.

Further, in the building according to the present invention, the opening that enters and exits the first room from inside the building may be only the first fitting.

In a building configured in this way, since the opening that enters and exits the first room is only the first fitting, the first fitting is provided to allow the air flow flowing into the first room from inside the building. It can be limited to the opening.

According to the building according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the inflow of air from a predetermined room to another space.

It is a top view which shows the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an elevation view which shows typically the structure of the wall installed around the 1st room of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an elevation view which shows typically the structure of the 2nd fitting of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

A building according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the building 1 according to the present embodiment is, for example, a dwelling unit, for example, a dwelling unit of an apartment house. The building 1 may be a single-family house, and the arrangement of each room described below is an example.

For convenience, the left-right direction of the paper surface shown in FIG. 1 is the X direction, the right side is the + X side, and the left side is the −X side. The vertical direction of the paper surface shown in FIG. 1 is the Y direction, the upper side is the + Y side, and the lower side is the −Y side.

The entrance 11 is located on the + X side of the building 1 and in the middle of the Y direction. The corridor 12 is arranged so as to extend in the −X direction from the entrance 11.

The front room (second room) 13 is arranged adjacent to the + Y side of the corridor 12. A private room (first room) 14 is arranged adjacent to the + X side of the front room 13. A toilet (third room) 15 is arranged adjacent to the + Y side of the front room 13.

A washroom 16 is located adjacent to the −Y side of the corridor 12. The bathroom 17 is arranged adjacent to the + X side of the washroom 16.

The private room 21 is arranged adjacent to the + Y side of the corridor 12 and on the −X side of the toilet 15. The private room 22 is arranged adjacent to the −Y side of the corridor 12 and on the −X side of the washroom 16. The LDK (living / dining / kitchen) 23 is located on the −X side of the corridor 12.

A wall (partitioning wall) W1 is provided between the corridor 12 and the private room 14. A wall (partitioning wall) W2 is provided between the toilet 15 and the private room 14.

FIG. 2 is an elevation view schematically showing the configuration of the walls W1 and W2. The walls W1 and W2 are collectively referred to as the wall W.
As shown in FIG. 2, the wall W has a wall panel 31. The wall panel 31 is formed in a flat plate shape. The plate surface of the wall panel 31 is arranged along the vertical plane. The wall panel 31 is arranged from the floor slab 32 to the ceiling slab 33.

A slight gap is formed between the lower end portion 31d of the wall panel 31 and the floor slab 32. A sealing material 35 is provided between the lower end portion 31d of the wall panel 31 and the floor slab 32. A slight gap is formed between the upper end portion 31u of the wall panel 31 and the ceiling slab 33. A sealing material 35 is provided between the upper end portion 31u of the wall panel 31 and the ceiling slab 33. The sealing material 35 closes the gap and prevents air from flowing through the gap.

As shown in FIG. 1, a sliding door D1 is provided between the corridor 12 and the anterior chamber 13. The sliding door D1 is a one-sided sliding door that can be moved in the X direction. The sliding door D1 does not have a ventilation space like the door D2 described later.

A door (second fitting) D2 is provided between the front room 13 and the toilet 15.
FIG. 3 is an elevation view schematically showing the configuration of the door D2.
As shown in FIG. 3, the door D2 has a door frame 36 and a door body 37. The door frame 36 is a three-sided frame having an upper frame and a pair of vertical frames. The door body 37 is attached to the door frame 36 via a hinge or the like (not shown) so as to open toward the front chamber 13.

The door D2 is formed with a ventilation space through which air can flow from the front chamber 13 side to the toilet 15 side. The ventilation space is, for example, a gap (undercut) s1 formed between the floor surface F and the lower end portion of the door body 37. Further, as a ventilation space, an opening such as a louver that penetrates the door body 37 in the plate thickness direction (direction from the front chamber 13 side toward the toilet 15 side) may be formed.

As shown in FIG. 1, a door (first fitting) D3 is provided between the front room 13 and the private room 14. The door D3 is configured so that the front chamber 13 and the private chamber 14 can be sealed. The door D3 makes it possible to seal the front chamber 13 and the private room 14 by not forming a ventilation space like the door D2, for example. The only opening that goes in and out of the private room 14 from inside the building 1 is the door D3. As a result, when entering or leaving the private room 14, the resident must pass through the front room 13 and open the door D3.

The building 1 is provided with a first air supply / exhaust system (first air supply / exhaust system) 40, a second air supply / exhaust system (second air supply / exhaust system) 50, and a third air supply / exhaust system 70. The first air supply / exhaust system 40 and the second air supply / exhaust system 50 are separate systems without supplying and exhausting the same room. In FIG. 1, the broken line arrow indicates the air supply path, and the solid line arrow indicates the exhaust path.

The first air supply / exhaust system 40 supplies / exhausts air to the private room 14. The first air supply / exhaust system 40 includes a first air supply facility 41 and a first exhaust facility 46.

The first air supply equipment 41 has an external air supply port 42. The external air supply port 42 is, for example, an air supply register provided on the outer wall of the private room 14 or the like and capable of adjusting the amount of air supply.

The first exhaust facility 46 has an exhaust port 47, a fan 48, and a suppression mechanism 49. The exhaust port 47 is provided, for example, on the ceiling or wall of the private room 14. The fan 48 is provided, for example, behind the ceiling of the private room 14. The duct 48a connected to the fan 48 is connected to the exhaust port 47 and also to the suppression mechanism 49.

The suppression mechanism 49 exhausts the air in the private room 14 to the outside through a backflow prevention damper (not shown). The suppression mechanism 49 is configured to suppress the recirculation of the exhausted air in the private room 14 into the building 1. The restraining mechanism 49 may be, for example, a chimney continuous to the rooftop, or a duct sufficiently protruding from the outer wall of the building 1.

Air passes through the external air supply port 42 and flows into the inside of the private room 14 outside the building 1. The air in the private room 14 is forcibly drawn from the exhaust port 47 by the fan 48, passes through the duct 48a, and is exhausted to the outside of the building 1 by the suppression mechanism 49. In this way, the private room 14 can directly supply and exhaust air to and from the outside of the building 1.

The second air supply / exhaust system 50 supplies / exhausts air to rooms other than the private room 14 of the building 1. Specifically, the second air supply / exhaust system 50 supplies air to the front room 13, the private room 21, the private room 22, and the LDK 23, and exhausts air from the toilet 15, the washroom 16, the bathroom 17, and the LDK 23.

The second air supply / exhaust system 50 includes a second air supply facility 52 and a second exhaust system 61.

The second air supply facility 52 has an air supply port 53, 54, 55, 56, a fan 57, and an external air supply port 58. The air supply port 53 is provided in the front chamber 13. The air supply port 54 is provided in the private room 21. The air supply port 55 is provided in the private room 22. The air supply port 56 is provided in the LDK 23. The air supply ports 53, 54, 55, 56 are provided, for example, on the ceiling, floor, wall, or the like of each room. The external air supply port 58 is provided on the outer wall of the LDK 23.

The fan 57 is provided in the LDK 23. The fan 57 is provided, for example, behind the ceiling of the LDK 23. The air supply ports 53, 54, 55, 56, the external air supply port 58, and the fan 57 are connected by a duct 59.

The second exhaust facility 61 has exhaust ports 62, 63, 64 and a fan 66. The exhaust port 62 is provided in the toilet 15. The exhaust port 63 is provided in the washroom 16. The exhaust port 64 is provided in the bathroom 17. The fan 66 is provided behind the ceiling of the bathroom 17. The exhaust ports 62, 63, 64 and the fan 66 are connected by a duct 65. The duct 65 is connected to, for example, an external exhaust port (not shown) provided on an outer wall or the like arranged on the + X side of the bathroom 17.

The third air supply / exhaust system 70 has a kitchen air supply / exhaust facility 71. The kitchen air supply / exhaust facility 71 is provided in, for example, a kitchen range hood and simultaneously performs air supply / exhaust.

The kitchen air supply / exhaust facility 71 performs air supply / exhaust of the LDK 23, particularly the kitchen portion. Air passing through the outside of the building 1 passes through the external air supply port 58, is forcibly drawn into the duct 59 by the fan 57, flows into the LDK 23 from the air supply port 56, and flows into the private room 21 from the air supply port 54. Then, it flows into the private room 22 from the air supply port 55, and flows into the front chamber 13 from the air supply port 53.

The fan 66 draws the air in the toilet 15 from the exhaust port 62, the air in the washroom 16 from the exhaust port 63, and the air in the bathroom 17 from the exhaust port 64 and passes through the duct 65. , Exhausted from the external exhaust port.

The front room 13 has a more positive pressure (higher air pressure) than the private room 14 and the toilet 15, and the front room 13 has a higher pressure than the other rooms (washroom 16, bathroom 17, private rooms 21 and 22 and LDK 23) in the building 1. The air supply amount and the exhaust amount of the first air supply / exhaust system 40 and the second air supply / exhaust system 50 are adjusted so as to have a positive pressure. As a result, an air flow from the anterior chamber 13 to the toilet 15 is formed, and the air in the anterior chamber 13 passes through the ventilation space s1 of the door D2, flows into the toilet 15, and passes through the exhaust port 62 to the outside. It is exhausted.

The ventilation frequency of the first air supply / exhaust system 40 is higher than the ventilation frequency of the second air supply / exhaust system 50.

In the building 1 configured in this way, since the front room 13 has a more positive pressure than the private room 14, when the door D3 connecting the front room 13 and the private room 14 is opened, the front room 13 to the private room 14 are opened. An air flow (air flow) to the door is formed, and the air flow from the private room 14 to the front room 13 is suppressed. Since the anterior chamber 13 has a more positive pressure than the toilet 15, and the air flow from the anterior chamber 13 to the toilet 15 is formed, the residual air in the anterior chamber 13 is released after the door D3 is closed. The inflow to the third room and the inflow to the corridor 12 and the like adjacent to the front room 13 are suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent air from flowing from the private room 14 (predetermined room) into another space such as the front room 13.

Further, a sealing material 35 is arranged between the lower end portion 31d of the wall panel 31 of the wall W provided around the private room 14 and the floor slab 32, and between the upper end portion 31u of the wall panel 31 and the ceiling slab 33. A sealing material 35 is arranged in the space. Therefore, since the gap between the wall panel 31 and the floor slab 32 and the ceiling slab 33 is sealed, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the private room 14 from a location other than the door D3. Further, the sound insulation of the private room 14 can be improved.

Further, since the ventilation space s1 through which air can flow is formed in the door D2, the air in the anterior chamber 13 passes through the ventilation space s1 and flows into the toilet 15 even when the door D2 is closed. Can be done.

Further, since the door D3 is configured so that the private room 14 and the front room 13 can be sealed, it is possible to prevent air from passing around the door D3 and circulating in the state where the door D3 is closed. can.

Further, the first air supply / exhaust system 40 that supplies / exhausts air to the private room 14 and the second air supply / exhaust system 50 that supplies air to the front room 13 and exhausts air from the toilet 15 are separate systems. Therefore, the air in the private room 14 is suppressed from flowing into the front room 13 and the toilet 15.

Further, the second air supply / exhaust system 50 is also connected to other rooms (washroom 16, bathroom 17, private rooms 21 and 22 and LDK 23) in the building 1, and the front room 13 has a more positive pressure than the other rooms. There is. Therefore, the air in the private room 14 is suppressed from flowing into another room.

Further, the suppression mechanism 49 suppresses the air in the private room 14 to be exhausted to the outside through the backflow prevention damper, and the air in the exhausted private room 14 to be recirculated in the building 1. Therefore, for example, when the private room 14 is used for medical treatment for a person with mild infectious disease and the air in the private room 14 is contaminated, the area around the building 1 is not affected and the contaminated air is in the building 1 or the building 1. It is possible to suppress the intake as a part of the air supply of other surrounding buildings 1.

Further, since the opening that enters and exits the private room 14 is only the door D3, the flow of air flowing into the private room 14 from the inside of the building 1 can be restricted to the opening portion provided with the door D3.

It should be noted that the various shapes and combinations of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiment are examples, and various changes can be made based on the design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, a sealing material 35 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the wall panel 31 of the wall W provided around the private room 14, and the gap between the wall panel 31 and the floor slab 32 and the ceiling slab 33 is sealed. , The present invention is not limited to this. The gap between the wall panel 31 and the floor slab 32 and the ceiling slab 33 may not be sealed with the sealing material 35.

Further, the door D2 is formed with a ventilation space s1 through which air can flow, but the present invention is not limited to this. The ventilation space s1 may not be formed in the door D2.

Further, the door D3 is configured so that the private room 14 and the front room 13 can be sealed, but the present invention is not limited to this. The door D3 does not have to be configured so that the private room 14 and the front room 13 can be sealed.

Further, the second air supply / exhaust system 50 is also connected to another room in the building 1, and the front room 13 has a more positive pressure than the other rooms, but the present invention is not limited to this. The second air supply / exhaust system 50 may not be connected to other rooms in the building 1.

Further, the second air supply / exhaust system 50 includes a suppression mechanism 49, but the present invention is not limited to this. The second air supply / exhaust system 50 does not have to include the suppression mechanism 49.

Further, the wiring or piping arranged from the private room 14 to the other space of the building 1 may be sealed with a sealing material at the boundary portion between the private room 14 and the other space. As a result, the air in the private room 14 is suppressed from flowing into other spaces through the wiring and piping.

1 Building, 13 Front Room (2nd Room), 14 Private Room (1st Room), 15 Toilet (3rd Room), 31 Wall Panels, 32 Floor Slabs, 33 Ceiling Slabs, 35 Sealing Materials, 40 1st Air supply / exhaust system (first air supply / exhaust system), 49 suppression mechanism, 50 second air supply / exhaust system (second air supply / exhaust system), 70 third air supply / exhaust system, D2 door (second fitting), D3 door (2nd fitting) 1st fitting), s1 ventilation space, W, W1, W2 wall

Claims (8)

The first room, which can directly supply and exhaust air to the outside,
The second room adjacent to the first room,
The second room and the adjacent third room are provided.
The second room has a higher pressure than the first room and the third room.
A first fitting that can be opened and closed is arranged between the first room and the second room.
A building in which an air flow from the second room to the third room is formed. Around the first room, a wall separating the other space in the building is provided.
The wall
Wall panels arranged from floor slabs to ceiling slabs,
The building according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing material arranged between the lower end of the wall panel and the floor slab, and between the upper end of the wall panel and the ceiling slab. A second fitting that can be opened and closed is arranged between the second room and the third room.
The building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ventilation space through which air can flow is formed in the second fitting. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first fitting is configured so that the first room and the second room can be sealed. The first air supply / exhaust system that supplies / exhausts air to the first room,
A second air supply / exhaust system that supplies air to the second room and exhausts air from the third room is provided.
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first air supply / exhaust system and the second air supply / exhaust system are separate systems. The second air supply / exhaust system is also connected to the first room, the second room, and other rooms other than the third room in the building.
The building according to claim 5, wherein the second room has a more positive pressure than the other rooms. The exhaust equipment of the first air supply / exhaust system is
5. The building described in 6. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the opening that enters and exits the first room from inside the building is only the first fitting.

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