JP2022047444A - Method for producing wood charcoal and carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a more efficient method for producing wood charcoal and a carbonization apparatus for realizing the same.SOLUTION: The present invention discloses a method for producing wood charcoal of the present invention which burns wood materials by supplying air having a magnetic field applied thereto, wherein the method uses a static magnetic field using a permanent magnet comprising a ferrite magnet having a magnetic flux density in the range of 30 mT to 100 mT and a neodymium magnet having a magnetic flux density in the range of 300 mT to 600 mT. A carbonization apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention is equipped with a combustion substance conveying section for conveying combustion substances, which is equipped with a blower and magnetic field applying means including a permanent magnet that applies a magnetic field to the air supplied against the combustion substances, and a combustion section for securing space above the combustion substance conveying means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing charcoal and a carbonization apparatus.

Bamboo, which is a gramineous plant, has strong growth and fertility, and is expected to be recycled as much as possible against the background of recent environmental problems. In particular, wood-based materials such as bamboo can be carbonized into charcoal, which can be used as a fuel or an adsorbent.

As a known technique for producing charcoal from bamboo, for example, there is a description in Patent Document 1 below. The following Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for producing activated carbon from wood, bamboo and wastes thereof.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-338223

The technique described in Patent Document 1 is effective in that the waste can be made into wood charcoal, but there is room for improvement in the manufacturing method thereof. Specifically, there is a problem that it is not easy to continuously produce wood charcoal because a plurality of devices are combined to form wood charcoal.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a more efficient method for producing charcoal and a carbonization device for realizing the method.

As a result of diligent studies on the above problems, the present inventor has focused on the fact that charcoal can be effectively produced by applying a magnetic field to the introduced air when producing wood charcoal. The invention was completed.

That is, the wood-based charcoal production method according to one aspect of the present invention supplies air to which a magnetic field is applied to burn the wood-based material.

Further, from this viewpoint, the magnetic field is preferably a static magnetic field using a permanent magnet, although it is not limited.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is in the range of the magnetic flux density of 30 mT or more and 600 mT or less, although it is not limited.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the permanent magnet is a ferrite magnet and the magnetic flux density is in the range of 30 mT or more and 100 mT or less.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the permanent magnet is a neodymium magnet and the magnetic flux density is in the range of 300 mT or more and 600 mT or less.

Further, the carbonization device according to another aspect of the present invention is a carbonization device provided with a combustion substance transport section for transporting the combustion substance and a combustion section for securing a space in the upper part of the combustion substance transport means 2. Therefore, the combustion substance transport unit includes a blower and a magnetic field application means for applying a magnetic field to the air supplied to the combustion substance.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the magnetic field applying means includes, but is not limited to, a permanent magnet.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a more efficient method for producing charcoal and a carbonization device for realizing the method.

It is a figure which shows the schematic cross section along the extension direction of the rotation axis of the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the schematic cross section along the vertical direction of the rotation axis of the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a photograph of the wood chip as a combustion substance in the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the magnetic field application means in the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. (A) is a perspective view of the appearance, and (b) is a diagram showing a schematic cross section along the vertical direction of the blowing direction. It is a figure which shows the example of the other arrangement of the magnetic field application means in the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view of the metal net material of the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of another example of the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view of the pore forming member of another example in the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a photograph which became charcoal after being put into the carbonization apparatus which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different embodiments, and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described below.

The wood charcoal production method according to the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “the method”) includes (S1) a step of supplying air to which a magnetic field is applied to burn the wood material.

Further, the present method can be realized by using the carbonization apparatus according to the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “the present apparatus”). FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section of the apparatus 1 (a cross section along the stretching direction of the rotating shaft), and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel transport unit 2 in a plane perpendicular to the stretching direction of the rotating shaft. Is.

As shown in this figure, the present apparatus 1 includes a combustible substance transport section 2 for transporting a combustible substance, and a combustion section 3 for combusting in order to improve combustion efficiency on the upper part of the combustible substance transport means 2. ing.

Further, the combustible substance in the present apparatus 1 is not particularly limited as long as it can be charged into the combustible substance transport unit 2 and burned while being transported to be carbonized, but may be rice husks or wood chips. This is a preferred example. The wood chip is a chip obtained by crushing a wood material into a size of about 5 mm square, and is preferably a chip as shown in FIG. 3, for example. The wood material is not particularly limited, but includes not only wood such as oak, beech, oak, oak, chestnut, larch, sugi, and cypress, but also wood material such as bamboo.

The combustible substance transport unit 2 of the present device 1 is a member for transporting the combustible substance in at least one direction. The combustible material transport unit 2 is not limited, but is, for example, a rotary shaft 21, a spiral blade member 22 arranged around the rotary shaft 21, and a cover 23 that covers the rotary shaft 21 and the blade member 22. And, it is preferable that it is configured with.

Further, the combustion substance transport unit 2 of the present apparatus 1 is provided with a closed portion 27 which is a region without the combustion portion 3, and a discharge port 271 for discharging charcoal is provided at the tip portion of the closed portion 27. ing. Further, in the present device 1, by providing the closed portion 27, combustion is started by the combustion portion 3, while the oxygen-deficient portion is formed by the closed portion 27 so that the combustion substance can be carbonized. become. The length of the closed portion (the length from the end of the combustion portion 3 to the discharge port 271) is not limited as long as it can be carbonized, but is preferably in the range of, for example, 30 cm or more and 100 cm or less. More preferably, it is in the range of 50 cm or more and 80 cm or less. When it is 30 cm or more, the air deficiency state can be efficiently formed, but when it is 100 cm or less, there is an advantage that the device is not made larger than necessary.

Further, the rotating shaft 21 is connected to a rotating mechanism (not shown) such as a motor, and is rotatable. By doing so, the combustible substance transport unit 2 of the present apparatus 1 puts the combustible substance into the gap between the blade members 22 and rotates the rotating shaft 21 and the blade member 22 to efficiently agitate the combustible substance. However, it can be stably conveyed in a desired direction. Of course, it is preferable that the cover 23 is provided with an input port 24 for charging the combustion substance in the vicinity of one end, and the other is to discharge the combustible substance (charcoal) burned and carbonized as described above. It is preferable that the discharge port 271 is provided. Further, as is clear from the description described later, the cover 23 is processed such that the upper surface is removed at the position inside the combustion unit 3 of the combustion substance transport unit 2.

Further, it is also preferable that the combustion substance transport unit 2 is provided with an ignition port 25 for igniting the combustion substance in the vicinity (upstream side) of the input port 24. The user can ignite the combustion substance at the ignition port 25 using an ignition device (not shown) and start combustion. Of course, this structure and position are not limited as long as the combustible substance can be sufficiently burned in the combustion unit 3.

Further, the ignition device used for igniting the combustion substance is not limited, but a so-called burner is preferable. A burner is a device for ejecting gas or atomized fuel and burning it to ignite and burn an object. As the ignition device, a commercially available one can be adopted. Further, in the present embodiment, the rice husk can be ignited by using this ignition device, and the rice husk can be burned to the extent that it becomes charcoal by the air supplied by the blower 4 such as a blower described later. It should be noted that even if only the ignition type is input from the ignition port 25, the ignition device can be omitted as long as it can be sufficiently burned by the blower 4. Further, in the present specification, "combustion" is used not to mean burning until it is completely ashed, but to mean that it ignites and the flame rises. According to the present device 1, the combustible substance becomes charcoal by being transported in a state of being deficient in air after being burned.

Further, the combustion substance transport unit 2 of the present apparatus 1 has an air supply path A below the lower portion thereof, specifically, under the rotary shaft 21 and the blade member 22. More specifically, a perforated partition plate 26 is provided between the bottom surface member 231 of the cover 23, the rotating shaft 21, and the blade member 22. In the present device 1, while allowing the air from the blower 4 to be supplied to the combustion target substance, the partition plate 26 has a minute hole (1 to 3 mm or less in diameter) so that the combustion target substance does not spill from the blade member 22. A large number of holes) are formed. By doing so, it is possible to supply air, but it is possible to prevent the combustible substance from dropping, and it is possible to achieve both the above-mentioned problems.

Further, as described above, the apparatus 1 is provided with a blower 4 for supplying air to the air supply path A, which is a lower space partitioned by the partition plate 26. By using a blower, it is possible to supply air to the combustion substance from the lower space through the porous partition plate 26 and burn it.

Further, the apparatus 1 includes a magnetic field applying means 5 for applying a magnetic field to the air supplied to the combustible substance. By providing the magnetic field application means, it is possible to improve the combustion efficiency and burn the combustion target to be wood charcoal even if the combustion target is wood chips.

In the present device 1, the magnetic field applying means 5 is not limited as long as a sufficient magnetic field can be applied to the supplied air, but a permanent magnet is preferable. By applying a permanent magnet, it is possible to stably supply a DC magnetic field, and the DC magnetic field can improve combustion efficiency and carbonize wood chips as described above.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an outline of the magnetic field applying means in the present device 1. As shown in this figure, the magnetic field applying means 5 is preferably a pair of permanent magnets arranged with a space, and more specifically, as shown in this figure, with a pair of permanent magnets 51. It is preferable that the container 52 for accommodating the container 52, the introduction port 53 for introducing air into the container 52, and the discharge port 54 for discharging air are provided. By doing so, it becomes possible to stably apply the magnetic field. It should be noted that this figure (a) is a perspective view, and (b) is a sectional view thereof. Further, in this case, it is preferable that the poles of the magnet are configured so that the same poles face each other. By doing so, there is an advantage that not only the magnets can be prevented from sticking to each other by generating repulsive forces, but also the combustion efficiency can be improved by generating the repulsive magnetic force. ..

Further, when a permanent magnet is used in the present device 1, the permanent magnet is not limited as long as it can generate a magnetic force, and examples thereof include a ferrite magnet, a neodymium magnet, a samarium cobalt magnet, and an alnico magnet. It can, but it is not limited to this.

Further, in the present device 1, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is not limited as long as carbonization is possible even for the wood material, but it is preferable that the magnetic flux density is in the range of 30 mT or more and 600 mT or less. .. In particular, when the permanent magnet is a ferrite magnet, its magnetic flux density is preferably in the range of 30 mT or more and 100 mT or less, and when it is a neodymium magnet, it is preferably in the range of 300 mT or more and 600 mT or less.

Further, in the present device 1, the arrangement position of the magnetic field applying means can be appropriately adjusted, and for example, as shown in this figure, even if the magnetic field is applied to the air introduced into the blower 4, it may be placed in the front stage of the blower 4. It may be arranged at a position between the blower 4 and the combustible substance transport unit 2 (directly near the inlet of the air supply path A). In the present device 1, by providing the magnetic field applying means in the front stage or the rear stage, it is possible to increase the distance between the blower 4 and the magnetic field applying means so as not to affect the magnetic material constituting the blower 4. One of the magnetic field applying means 5 is connected to the combustion substance transporting portion 2 side via the discharge port 54, but the other introduction port 53 is open (provided with an open port). As a result, when the blower 4 supplies air to the combustion material transport unit 2, a negative pressure is generated in the magnetic field application means, air is sucked from the introduction port 53, the magnetic field is applied, and then the combustion material transfer unit 2 is filled. It will be possible to supply. In particular, by installing it on the suction side (previous stage) of the blower 4 as shown in this figure, it is possible to supply air to which a magnetic field is applied more reliably.

Further, in the present device 1, the magnetic field applying means may be arranged directly in the air supply path A separately from the blower 4 in addition to the above. The image in this case is shown in FIG. By arranging them separately as shown in this figure, it is not necessary to arrange a resistance on the suction side of the blower 4, and it becomes easier to keep a distance from the blower 4 for a device that generates magnetic force, and the influence of the magnetic field can be suppressed. Is possible.

Further, in the present device 1, as described above, the outer wall member 31 that covers the upper part of the combustible material transport unit 2 is above the combustible material transport unit 2, and the inside of the outer wall member 31 is above the combustible material transport unit 2. It has a metal net material 32 provided.

Further, the present device 1 further includes a roof member 33 attached to the outer wall member 31 and a gap G provided above the outer wall member 31 and the metal net material 32. Further, the combustion unit 3 and the combustion substance transport unit 2 are provided with support legs 6 for supporting from the ground surface. The gap G between the roof member 33 and the outer wall member 31, as is clear from the description below, is formed to discharge burnt smoke and the like.

The outer wall member 31 in the combustion unit 3 is an important member forming the main skeleton of the combustion unit 3. Specifically, it is a member for controlling the flow of air to improve combustion efficiency and covering the smoke so that it does not leak to the outside unnecessarily. The outer wall member 31 of the main combustion portion is formed with an introduction port 34 for introducing air. An updraft is generated by combustion inside the main combustion unit 3, and air and post-combustion gas are discharged from the gap G. Since the combustible substance transport unit 2 is carbonized, air may be insufficient, but in the combustion unit 3, air is required to sufficiently burn the generated smoke and the like. Therefore, it is important to sufficiently burn the smoke by introducing air from the introduction port 34 and reduce the amount of smoke discharged from the combustion unit 3.

Specifically, the outer wall member 31 in the combustion unit 3 is configured to cover the intermediate path portion of the combustion substance transport unit 2. That is, the combustion substance is burned inside the combustion section, carbonized, and then discharged to the outside of the combustion section 3 by the combustion substance transport section 2. More specifically, the outer wall member 31 is formed so as to cover the space above the combustion substance transport portion, and forms a combustion space S for combustion, but the front stage portion is covered for ignition and for carrying out fuel. However, as described above, the latter portion forms a portion (closed portion 27) in which air is deficient and is an important portion for discharging carbonized combustion substances.

As described above, at least a part of the cover 23 of the fuel transport unit 2, for example, the upper surface portion is removed in the combustion unit 3. By removing the cover 23, carbon dioxide, smoke, etc. generated by combustion can be discharged into the combustion unit 3. In the combustion unit 3, the meaning of covering the fuel transport unit 2 includes the meaning of covering the space connected to the fuel transport unit.

Further, as described above, the combustion unit 3 is provided with a metal net material 32 provided inside the outer wall member 31 and above the combustion substance transport unit inside the outer wall member 31. In the present device 1, as will be clarified from the description described later, the odor can be significantly reduced by re-burning the substance that is the source of the odor generated from the combustion substance burned by the metal net material 32. .. FIG. 6 shows an outline of the metal net material in the present embodiment.

Further, the metal net material 32 of the combustion unit 3 is made of metal, and by making it metal, it is possible to heat it by the heat when the combustion substance is burned. By heating, the smoke can be burned again. The metal is one that can sufficiently withstand the heat generated when the combustion substance is burned, and is not limited as long as it can be heated by this heat, but for example, iron and iron are used. It is preferably an alloy containing, for example, stainless steel. By using stainless steel, it is resistant to rust and can sufficiently withstand the heat generated when the above-mentioned combustible substance is burned.

Further, the metal net material 32 of the combustion portion 3 is not limited as long as it has the above-mentioned function, but a wire having a diameter of 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less intersects with a gap of 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less. It is preferable that they are combined. Increasing the diameter not only increases the weight of the net itself, but also reduces the efficiency of heat utilization, but if the wire is too thin, its strength decreases. Further, if the gap between the wires is made small, it becomes difficult for smoke and the like to pass through, and the discharge becomes difficult. On the other hand, if the gap is too wide, it becomes difficult to burn the odor sufficiently. Therefore, it is preferable to keep the thickness and the gap of the wire in the above range.

Further, it is preferable that the metal net material 32 of the combustion unit 3 is arranged at a distance of 30 cm or more and 100 cm or less from the upper end of the combustion substance transport unit. If it is too far from the combustible material carrier, heat will not be sufficiently transferred and it will be difficult to burn the smoke sufficiently, while if it is too close, the smoke will pass before it is fully burned and it will be difficult to reduce the amount of smoke. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently reduce the amount of smoke by setting the above range.

Further, the metal net material 32 of the combustion portion 3 may be fixed inside the outer wall member 31, but a protrusion is provided inside the outer wall member 31 and is supported by the protrusion, while being removable when not in use. It may be. By doing so, there is an advantage that the maintenance of the metal net material 32 can be easily performed.

In the present device 1, by providing the metal net material 32, there is an effect that the odor generated when the combustible substance is burned can be sufficiently reduced. Specifically, when the combustion substance burns in the outer wall member 31, heat is generated. Then, this heat is transferred to the metal net material 32, and the metal net material 32 is heated. Since the heating temperature rises from 600 ° C. to about 900 ° C., the unburned organic matter that is the source of the odor is burned and decomposed when it passes through the metal net material 32. This can significantly reduce the odor.

Further, the outer wall member 31 of the combustion unit 3 is not limited, but it is also preferable to arrange the heat insulating material 34 on the inner wall. By arranging the heat insulating material 34, there is an advantage that more efficient combustion can be achieved without escaping heat to the outside.

Further, in the present device 1, as described above, the roof member 33 for the outer wall member, which is attached by providing the outer wall member 31 and the gap G, is provided above the outer wall member 32. In the present device 1, the combustion substance efficiently burned inside the outer wall member 31 can be further returned to the outer wall member 31 by the roof member 33, and the combustion can be performed again. Therefore, in the present device 1, it is preferable that the roof member 33 has a convex ceiling.

In the present device 1, by providing the roof member 33, it is possible to prevent dust, dirt, etc. from entering the combustion space S from the outside, but the roof member 33 is not provided when it is unnecessary. You may.

Further, in the present device 1, the generation of smoke is suppressed by providing the metal net material 32 as described above, but in some cases, the pore forming member 35 is provided instead of the metal net material 32. May be good. A schematic cross-sectional view of the cross section in this case is shown in FIG. 7, and a schematic perspective view of the pore-forming member 35 is shown in FIG.

The elongated hole forming member 35 is provided in the combustion unit 3 and is used for further burning the smoke generated by the combustion of the combustion substance. Specifically, the elongated hole forming member 35 includes a side wall member 351 and is further provided with a smoke guide plate 352 and an inclined plate 353 on the upper side portion of the side wall member 351.

Further, the side wall member 351 of the elongated hole forming member 35 forms an elongated hole H at the upper portion. Here, the elongated hole means a narrow hole along the axial direction of the rotation axis, but it is sufficient that a long and thin hole is formed as a whole, and the hole may be blocked in the middle of the hole. For example, as shown in these figures, a plurality of plate members 352 that are convex upward or convex downward may be arranged.

In the present device 1, by forming the elongated holes H in this way, the flow of smoke can be narrowed down to form a narrow ascending flow. Then, as is clear from the description described later, it is possible to reburn the smoke by changing this flow in various directions.

Further, as described above, it is preferable to arrange the plate member 352 in the elongated hole H portion of the elongated hole forming member 35 so that a convex portion that is convex upward or convex downward is formed. By doing so, it is possible to further form an air flow in the front-rear direction (along the extending direction of the rotating shaft) along the plate member, it is possible to agitate the smoke, and efficient combustion is possible. Is possible.

Further, a side elongated hole S is formed on the side portion of the side wall member 321 of the elongated hole forming member 35 in the vicinity of the elongated hole portion. By forming the long side holes, smoke can be discharged not only upward but also in the lateral direction, and the smoke can be further agitated.

Further, a smoke guide plate 353 and an inclined plate 354 are further arranged on the side wall member 351.

The smoke guide plate 353 is provided above the long side hole, and is a plate for guiding the rising smoke to the side or the upper side. By providing this plate, it is possible to generate agitated smoke that spreads laterally or diagonally upward, instead of a simple ascending flow. That is, it is preferable that the smoke guide plate 323 extends diagonally upward from the side elongated hole side.

Further, the inclined plate 354 is provided on the lower side of the elongated hole, and is used to return the fine powder generated in the smoke to the inside of the elongated hole forming member 35 again. As a result, it is possible to prevent fine powder in smoke from accumulating in the apparatus. It is preferable that the end portion of the inclined plate 354 is bent upward. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the fine powder deposited in the plate shape from falling in the direction opposite to the side elongated hole due to the flow of smoke.

Further, it is preferable that a convex roof member 355 for an elongated hole is provided above the elongated hole of the elongated hole forming member 35 with a gap T on the upper side. By doing so, it becomes possible to further block the smoke discharged from the elongated hole and make the air flow downward or laterally, and enable more efficient combustion.

Further, it is preferable that the elongated hole forming member 35 is provided with a convex internal roof member 356 below the elongated hole. By providing the internal roof member 355, it is possible to further disturb the air flow even before reaching the elongated hole, so that more efficient combustion can be performed.

As described above, this device is a carbonization device capable of effectively and continuously producing wood charcoal.

Here, the above carbonization device was actually manufactured, and the effects of the carbonization device and the wood charcoal production method using the carbonization device were confirmed. This will be described in detail below.

First, the carbonization apparatus according to the above embodiment was manufactured. Specifically, it is a carbonization device having the same configuration as that of FIG. 1, and includes a rotary shaft 21, a spiral blade member 22 arranged around the rotary shaft 21, and the rotary shaft 21 and the blade member 22. It is assumed that the combustion material transporting unit 2 provided with the covering cover 23 and the combustion unit 3 for combusting in order to improve the combustion efficiency are provided on the upper part of the combustion material transporting means 2. Further, the combustion unit 3 is configured to include an outer wall member 31 and a roof member 33 attached by providing a gap G above the outer wall member 31 and the metal net material 32.

Next, as a magnetic field applying means, two neodymium magnets (manufactured by Neomag, magnetic field strength 480 mT) having a length of 10 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a thickness of 2.5 cm are placed in a metal box so that the same poles face each other with a gap of 3 cm. It was placed inside, placed in front of the suction side of the blower, which is a blower, and the blower port of the blower was installed at the lower part of the fuel material transport unit 2.

Next, the axis of rotation was rotated while supplying air with a blower, wood chips cut into 5 mm squares were thrown in from the inlet, and the wood chips were ignited by a burner from the ignition port and burned.

After that, when the burned chips were taken out from the discharge port of the fuel material transport section, it was confirmed that the carbonized wood chips were discharged. The photograph before the charging is shown in FIG. 3, and the photograph of the charcoal after the charging is shown in FIG.

Summary As described above, it has been confirmed that the present invention can provide a more efficient method for producing charcoal and a carbonization device that realizes the method.

This device has industrial applicability as a carbonization device.

Claims (7)

A method for producing wood charcoal that burns wood materials by supplying air to which a magnetic field is applied. The method for producing charcoal according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field is a static magnetic field using a permanent magnet. The method for producing wood charcoal according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is within the range of a magnetic flux density of 30 mT or more and 600 mT or less. The method for producing wood charcoal according to claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet is a ferrite magnet, and the magnetic force has a magnetic flux density in the range of 30 mT or more and 100 mT or less. The method for producing wood charcoal according to claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet is a neodymium magnet, and the magnetic force has a magnetic flux density in the range of 300 mT or more and 600 mT or less. Combustible material transport section that transports combustible material and
A carbonization device provided with a combustion unit for securing a space in the upper part of the combustion substance transporting means.
The combustion substance transport unit is a carbonization device including a blower and a magnetic field application means for applying a magnetic field to the air supplied to the combustion substance. The carbonization device according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic field applying means includes a permanent magnet.

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