JP2022044990A - Direct contact type condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a direct contact type condenser capable of enhancing cooling efficiency of exhaust steam flowing therein.SOLUTION: A direct contact type condenser (10) comprises: a condensation chamber (14) to which exhaust steam (S) flows in; a plurality of sprays (25) injecting cooling water within the condensation chamber; and a cooling chamber (15) that is communicated with the condensation chamber and into which the exhaust steam cooled within the condensation chamber flows. The condensation chamber is surrounded by a front wall (16) and a rear wall (17). The sprays partially serve as wall body side sprays (25a) installed at positions in the vicinity of the front wall and the rear wall or neighboring the front wall and the rear wall, and the wall body side sprays inject cooling water in the directions separated from the front wall and the rear wall near which the wall body side sprays are installed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a direct contact condenser that sprays and injects cooling water onto exhaust steam to condense it.

The direct contact condenser receives the exhaust steam that has finished its work in the steam turbine, and the cooling water is brought into direct contact with the exhaust steam to condense the exhaust steam, lowering the internal pressure and improving the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine. be. As such a direct contact type condenser, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.

The direct contact condenser of Patent Document 1 includes a main body container into which exhaust steam flows, and a plurality of spray nozzles provided inside the main body container. Inside the main body container, the cooling water is atomized and sprayed using a spray nozzle, and cooling is efficiently performed by heat exchange between the cooling water and the exhaust steam.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-44703

In Patent Document 1, the spray nozzle and the piping group in which the spray nozzle is arranged are arranged in the center of the main body container. In such a structure, the cooling water spray from the spray nozzle and the piping group become resistance to the flow of exhaust steam. For this reason, there is a problem that the exhaust steam avoids the center of the main body container and tends to flow unevenly toward the wall surface, the contact efficiency between the exhaust steam and the cooling water is lowered, and the cooling efficiency is lowered.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a direct contact type condenser capable of increasing the cooling efficiency of the exhaust steam flowing inside.

The direct contact type water condensing device of the present invention has a condensing chamber into which exhaust steam flows, a plurality of sprays for injecting cooling water in the condensing chamber, and exhaust steam cooled in the condensing chamber by communicating with the condensing chamber. The condensing chamber is formed by being surrounded by a predetermined wall body, and at least a part of the spray is installed in the vicinity of the wall body or a position adjacent to the wall body. It is referred to as a wall-side spray, and the wall-side spray is characterized in that cooling water is sprayed in a direction away from the wall to be installed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the uneven flow of exhaust vapor in the vicinity of the wall body due to the injection from the wall body side spray. As a result, the flow of the exhaust steam in the condensation chamber can be made uniform, and the cooling efficiency of the exhaust steam can be improved.

It is a schematic partial vertical sectional view of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic cross-sectional view along the line AA of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the injection in the wall body side spray. It is the same cross-sectional view as FIG. 1 of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the same cross-sectional view as FIG. 2 of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on a modification.

Hereinafter, the direct contact condenser (hereinafter, simply referred to as “condenser”) according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented without changing the gist thereof. In the following figures, some configurations may be omitted for convenience of explanation. Further, in the following description, unless otherwise specified, "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "front", and "rear" are used with reference to the direction indicated by the arrow in each figure. However, the orientation of each configuration in the following embodiments is only an example, and can be changed to any orientation.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic partial vertical sectional view of the direct contact condenser according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. The vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the condenser 10 includes a box-shaped main body 11. Further, in the condenser 10, inside the main body 11, a condensation chamber 14 is defined in the center in the left-right direction and cooling chambers 15 are defined on both the left and right sides via the partition wall 12. In other words, the condensation chamber 14 and the cooling chamber 15 are separated by a partition wall 12. In the present embodiment, the partition wall 12 is formed in a flat plane that is parallel to the vertical direction and the front-back direction and is orthogonal to the left-right direction.

The condensation chamber 14 is formed by being surrounded by a front wall 16 forming a main body 11, a rear wall 17 (not shown in FIG. 1), a top wall 18, and a bottom wall 19 in addition to the left and right partition walls 12. Here, each wall forming the condensation chamber 14 is a predetermined wall body.

Intermediate cylinders 20 are provided in communication with each other at two front and rear positions on the top wall 18 above the condensation chamber 14. Exhaust steam S (shown by a dotted arrow) is introduced into the intermediate cylinder 20, and the introduced exhaust steam S flows in from above to below the condensation chamber 14. As the source of the exhaust steam S, a steam turbine or the like can be exemplified.

The cooling chamber 15 communicates with the condensing chamber 14 below the lower end (one end) of the partition wall 12, and the exhaust steam S that has passed through the condensing chamber 14 flows into the inside of the cooling chamber 15. Specifically, in FIG. 1, as shown by the dotted arrow of the exhaust steam S straddling the lower end of the partition wall 12, the exhaust steam S in the condensation chamber 14 flows from above toward the lower end side of the partition wall 12. Then, the exhaust steam S is folded back at the lower end side of the partition wall 12 and flows into the cooling chamber 15 and flows upward in the cooling chamber 15. The exhaust steam S that has passed through the cooling chamber 15 is sent from the discharge pipe 21 at the upper part of the cooling chamber 15 to the device downstream from the condenser 10.

The condenser 10 has two front and rear cooling water pipes 23 extending in the left-right direction on the bottom side of the main body 11, and a plurality of components communicating with the cooling water pipe 23 in the condensation chamber 14 and extending upward. Further, a pipe 24 and a plurality of sprays 25 provided in the vertical direction in each of the pipes 24 are further provided.

Cooling water is supplied to the cooling water pipe 23, and the cooling water is sprayed from the spray 25 in the form of water droplets via the distribution pipe 24. The cooling water ejected from the spray 25 comes into contact with the exhaust steam S, condenses into condensate, and flows into the lower hot well 27 (not shown in FIG. 2).

As shown in FIG. 2, the branch pipes 24 are provided in four rows in the front-rear direction, and in the spray 25 installed in the two rows of branch pipes 24 in the center of the front-rear direction, cooling water is generally applied in four directions of left and right and front and back. It is provided to inject.

Further, the branch pipe 24 in the front row is provided at a position along the front wall 16, and the branch pipe 24 in the last row is provided at a position along the rear wall 17. In FIG. 2, these distribution pipes 24 are provided so as to be partially embedded in the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17, but the present invention is not limited to this. The front row branch pipe 24 and the rearmost row branch pipe 24 may be in contact with the inner surface of the front wall 16 or the rear wall 17, or may be arranged slightly away from the inner surface of the front wall 16 or the rear wall 17.

Here, the spray 25 provided in the front row branch pipe 24 and the last row branch pipe 24 is the wall body side spray 25a, and the wall body side spray 25a is a part of the plurality of sprays 25. The wall-side spray 25a is installed near the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17. The wall-side spray 25a at a position near the front wall 16 injects cooling water in a direction away from the front wall 16, that is, toward the rear. The wall-side spray 25a at a position near the rear wall 17 injects cooling water in a direction away from the rear wall 17, that is, toward the front.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the injection in the wall body side spray. As shown in FIG. 3, the wall-side spray 25a injects cooling water so as to spread in a conical shape while spreading vertically. Further, the wall-side spray 25a injects cooling water so that the central axis of the cone faces upward by a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal direction. Therefore, in the wall body side spray 25a, a larger amount of spray is set in the upward direction than in the downward direction with respect to the horizontal direction.

Returning to FIG. 1, the condenser 10 has a plurality of first branch pipes 31 communicating with the cooling water pipe 23 and extending upward in the cooling chamber 15, and horizontally from the upper end of the first branch pipe 31. A second branch pipe 32 extending out and a plurality of downward sprays (cooling chamber sprays) 33 provided on the second branch pipe 32 are further provided.

The downward spray 33 is supplied with cooling water supplied from the cooling water pipe 23 via the first branch pipe 31 and the second branch pipe 32, and the cooling water is sprayed from the downward spray 33 in the form of water droplets. The cooling water ejected from the downward spray 33 comes into contact with the exhaust steam S, condenses and becomes condensate, and flows into the lower hot well 27.

In the condenser 10 according to the first embodiment, when the exhaust steam S is introduced into the intermediate cylinder 20, the exhaust steam S flows in from the upper side to the lower side of the condensation chamber 14. In the condensing chamber 14, cooling water is jetted from the spray 25 in the form of water droplets, and the exhaust steam S is cooled and condensed by heat exchange with the cooling water. The condensed exhaust steam S and the cooling water ejected from the spray 25 flow into the hot well 27.

The exhaust steam S remaining in the condensation chamber 14 passes while turning at the lower end side of the partition wall 12, and flows into the cooling chamber 15. Cooling water is injected from the downward spray 33 in the cooling chamber 15, and the inflowing exhaust steam S is condensed to be condensate. In the cooling chamber 15, the non-condensed exhaust steam S and the remaining exhaust steam S are sent from the discharge pipe 21 to a device downstream from the condenser 10.

Here, as the first comparative structure, the flow of the exhaust steam S was analyzed for a configuration in which the wall-side spray 25a was omitted with respect to the first embodiment. Further, under the same conditions as the analysis, the flow of the exhaust vapor S in the first embodiment was also analyzed and compared with the analysis result of the first comparative structure.

Comparing the first comparative structure and the first embodiment, in the first comparative structure, the flow velocity of the exhaust vapor S is high near the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17, and the flow velocity is high near the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17. The analysis result shows that many exhaust vapors S flow.

On the other hand, in the first embodiment, since the cooling water is sprayed by the wall spray 25a, the flow of the exhaust steam S spreads in the center of the condensation chamber 14, and is near the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17. The flow velocity of the exhaust steam S could be suppressed. Thereby, in the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress the uneven flow of the exhaust steam S in the vicinity of the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17, and it is possible to make the flow of the exhaust steam S in the condensation chamber 14 uniform. rice field. As a result, the cooling effect of the exhaust steam S in the condensation chamber 14 could be enhanced.

Further, in the first embodiment, by suppressing the flow velocity of the exhaust steam S near the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17, water droplets ejected from each spray 25 including the wall body side spray 25a are discharged from the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17. It was possible to lengthen the time until the condensation chamber 14 including the rear wall 17 adheres to the wall surface. In other words, the time that the water droplets ejected from each spray 25 stay in the condensation chamber 14 can be lengthened, and the cooling effect of the exhaust steam S can be improved.

Then, in comparison between the first comparative structure and the first embodiment, the first embodiment can improve the condensation rate of the entire condenser 10, and the differential pressure at the entrance and exit of the condenser 10 can be improved. I was able to reduce it. As a result, the performance of the condenser 10 could be improved.

In the first embodiment, the spraying by the wall-side spray 25a suppresses the water droplets sprayed from each spray 25 including the wall-side spray 25a from adhering to the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17. Can be done. As a result, it is possible to maintain a state in which the amount of water droplets contributing to the cooling of the exhaust steam S is large, and it is possible to maintain a good cooling effect.

Further, in the first embodiment, since the wall spray 25a is set in the direction shown in FIG. 3, the flow of the exhaust steam S is expanded to the center of the condensation chamber 14 by gaining a flight distance of the water droplets to be jetted. Is possible.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same reference numerals may be used for the same or equivalent components as those in the first embodiment, and the description may be omitted or simplified.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of the condenser according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, in the second embodiment, the lower end side (one end side) of the partition wall 12 is formed to be curved. Specifically, the partition wall 12 is inclined so as to narrow the volume of the condensation chamber 14 toward the lower end, and is curved so as to slightly bulge toward the cooling chamber 15.

Here, as the second comparative structure, the flow of the exhaust vapor S around the partition wall 12 was analyzed for the configuration in which the partition wall 12 was flattened with respect to the second embodiment. Further, under the same conditions as the analysis, the flow of the exhaust vapor S in the second embodiment was also analyzed and compared with the analysis result of the second comparative structure.

Comparing the second comparative structure and the second embodiment, in the second comparative structure, the analysis result that the flow of the exhaust steam S is separated in the space along the surface on the cooling chamber 15 side in the lower region of the partition wall 12. It became. Further, the flow of the exhaust steam S is converted at the lower end side of the partition wall 12, but in the second comparison structure, the exhaust steam S in the cooling chamber 15 is not sufficiently converted due to peeling and flows into the cooling chamber 15. The analysis result shows that the flow is biased toward the wall surface on the opposite side of the partition wall 12.

On the other hand, in the second embodiment, since the lower end side of the partition wall 12 is curved and formed, it was possible to suppress the peeling caused by the second comparative structure. As a result, the exhaust steam S was turned so as to flow toward the cooling chamber 15 side in the lower region of the partition wall 12, and the exhaust steam S could be suppressed from being biased toward the wall surface on the opposite side of the partition wall 12. As a result, the flow of the exhaust steam S in the cooling chamber 15 could be made uniform, and the cooling effect of the exhaust steam S in the cooling chamber 15 could be enhanced.

In Patent Document 1 described above, the inflow of steam from the main body container to the gas cooling container causes peeling due to the conversion of the steam flow.

The present invention is not limited to each of the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made. In the above embodiment, the size, shape, orientation, etc. shown in the attached drawings are not limited to this, and can be appropriately changed within the range in which the effect of the present invention is exhibited. In addition, it can be appropriately modified and implemented as long as it does not deviate from the scope of the object of the present invention.

For example, the shape of the main body 11 is not particularly limited, and various changes can be made as long as it can function as the condenser 10.

Further, the cooling chamber 15 may be configured such that either the left or right side is omitted.

Further, the positional relationship between the wall spray 25a and the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17 is not limited to the positions where they are close to each other while being separated from each other. The wall-side spray 25a may be in contact with or embedded in the inner surface of the front wall 16 or the rear wall 17 so as to be adjacent to each other. Such a positional relationship can be changed within the range in which the action of the wall-side spray 25a described above can be obtained.

Further, when the volume of the condensing chamber 14 is small, the spray 25 in the condensing chamber 14 may be only the wall-side spray 25a.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the spray for the cooling chamber that injects the cooling water in the cooling chamber 15 is limited to the downward spray 33, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration shown in FIG. 5 may be used. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of the direct contact condenser according to the modified example.

In the modified example shown in FIG. 5, a branch pipe 41 that communicates with the cooling water pipe 23 and extends upward is provided at a position along the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17 in the cooling chamber 15. Each branch pipe 41 is provided with a plurality of cooling chamber wall-side sprays 42 provided in the vertical direction (in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 5), and the cooling chamber wall-side spray 42 is a part of the plurality of cooling chamber sprays. It is said that.

Here, in addition to the partition wall 12, the cooling chamber 15 includes a front wall 16, a rear wall 17, a top wall 18 (not shown in FIG. 1), a bottom wall 19, and these walls 16 to 19 forming the main body 11. It is formed by being surrounded by one of the side walls 44 arranged on both the left and right sides of the wall. Here, each wall forming the condensation chamber 14 is a predetermined cooling chamber wall body.

The wall-side spray 42 for the cooling chamber is installed near the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17. The cooling chamber wall-side spray 42 at a position near the front wall 16 injects cooling water in a direction away from the front wall 16, that is, toward the rear. The cooling chamber wall-side spray 42 in the vicinity of the rear wall 17 injects cooling water in a direction away from the rear wall 17, that is, toward the front.

The positional relationship between the spray 42 on the wall side for the cooling chamber and the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17 is not limited to the positions where they are separated from each other but close to each other. The cooling chamber wall side spray 42 may be in contact with or embedded in the inner surface of the front wall 16 or the rear wall 17 so as to be adjacent to each other. Further, when the volume of the cooling chamber 15 is small, the cooling chamber spray in the cooling chamber 15 may be limited to the cooling chamber wall side spray 42.

In the configuration of the modified example of FIG. 5, in the cooling chamber 15, the exhaust vapor S can be suppressed from flowing unevenly in the vicinity of the front wall 16 and the rear wall 17 as in the condensation chamber 14, and the exhaust gas in the cooling chamber 15 can be suppressed. The flow of steam S can be made uniform. Thereby, the cooling effect of the exhaust steam S can be further enhanced.

10 Condenser (direct contact type condenser)
12 Partition wall 14 Condensation chamber 15 Cooling chamber 16 Front wall (wall body, wall body for cooling chamber)
17 Rear wall (wall body, wall body for cooling room)
25 Spray 25a Wall side spray 32 Downward spray (cooling room spray)
42 Cooling room wall side spray S Exhaust steam

Claims (4)

Condensation chamber where exhaust steam flows in and
A plurality of sprays that inject cooling water in the condensation chamber,
It is provided with a cooling chamber that communicates with the condensation chamber and into which the exhaust steam cooled in the condensation chamber flows into the condensation chamber.
The condensation chamber is formed by being surrounded by a predetermined wall body.
At least a part of the spray is a wall-side spray installed near the wall or adjacent to the wall, and the wall-side spray provides cooling water in a direction away from the wall to be installed. Direct contact type condenser characterized by spraying. The condensation chamber and the cooling chamber are separated by a partition wall, and exhaust steam flowing from the condensation chamber into the cooling chamber is folded back at one end side of the partition wall.
The direct contact condenser according to claim 1, wherein one end side of the partition wall is formed in a curved shape. The direct contact type condenser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wall-side spray is set to have a larger injection amount in the upward direction than in the horizontal direction. A plurality of cooling chamber sprays for injecting cooling water in the cooling chamber are further included.
The cooling chamber is formed by being surrounded by a predetermined cooling chamber wall body.
At least a part of the cooling chamber spray is a cooling chamber wall-side spray installed in the vicinity of the cooling chamber wall or adjacent to the cooling chamber wall, and the cooling chamber wall-side spray is used. The direct contact type condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cooling water is sprayed in a direction away from the wall body for the cooling chamber to be installed.

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