JP2022038901A - Electronic stringed instrument, electronic stringed instrument control method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To make it possible to control a musical sound produced by a method and position of pizzicato in an electronic stringed instrument with respect to the electronic stringed instrument, a control method of the electronic stringed instrument, and a program.SOLUTION: In a string 111 currently being in a time-divided operation, a tone color of sound source output data 513 output from a sound source LSI 504 is changed by an amount in which string-repellent spectrum information 622, which is frequency characteristics of a vibration of the string, changes from reference spectrum information 623 depending on a method and position of a string-repellent with respect to the string 111 by a band-pass filter unit 608 formed based on difference spectrum information 624, which is a result of comparison between the string-repellent spectrum information 622 and the reference spectrum information 623, so that the tone color can be output as musical sound output data 514.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to an electronic stringed instrument, a control method for the electronic stringed instrument, and a program.

A stringed instrument other than an electronic musical instrument that emits a musical sound-type signal using an electronic circuit, for example, a stringed instrument including an electric guitar, can change its timbre depending on the method and position of string repelling. For example, if a performer holds a soft pick shallowly and picks a string strongly, the picking can be performed by taking advantage of the flexibility of the pick, and a sound with emphasized mid-high range can be produced. .. In addition, the performer can produce a sharp sound with emphasized treble by stroking vigorously so as to cut the surface of the string with the tip of the pick without hitting the pick deeply against the string. Furthermore, the closer the string repellent position is to the center of the string, the less the overtone component is, and the softer (or so-called round) guitar sound can be produced. Can produce hard guitar sounds.

In addition, conventionally, a weak touch to the fret operator and a string sensor to detect a string repellent strength above a predetermined value generate a harmonics musical tone, and the fret operator detects the pitch data and the string sensor to detect the pitch data. A guitar-type electronic stringed instrument that generates a normal musical tone by detecting a string repellent is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-258434

However, in a conventional electronic stringed instrument, the pitch of a musical tone to be produced is specified by a fret controller, while the string repellent sensor only detects the sounding timing and the sounding intensity (velocity). Therefore, it was not possible to subtly change the timbre of the musical tone produced by the method and position of the string repelling, and for example, the nuances of picking could not be reflected in the musical tone produced.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to control the musical sound produced by the method and position of pizzicato in an electronic stringed instrument.

In the electronic string instrument of the embodiment, the string is stretched, the string repellent detection unit that detects the string repelling operation of the string by the player based on the string sound wave data indicating the vibration of the string, and the string repellent detection unit is the repelling of the string. Comparison between the string-repellent frequency information calculation unit that calculates the string-repellent frequency information indicating the frequency characteristics of the string-repellent data after the timing when the string operation is detected and the string-repellent frequency information stored in advance. It includes a unit and a frequency characteristic changing unit that outputs music output data by changing the frequency characteristics of the sound source output data output from the sound source unit based on the comparison result of the comparison unit.

According to the present invention, it is possible to control the musical sound produced by the method and position of pizzicato in an electronic stringed instrument.

It is a front view which shows the appearance of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the neck part and the mechanism inside it. It is a figure which shows an example (overall) of a sensor board. It is a figure which shows (a) an example (1 piece) of a sensor board, (b) the wiring relation between a sensor board and a control circuit, (c) an example of a pickup. It is a figure which shows the hardware composition example of the control circuit of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a block diagram explaining 1st Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a frequency waveform diagram explaining 1st Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a frequency waveform diagram which shows the example of the frequency characteristic of the bandpass filter in 1st Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the main processing. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed example of the string repellent detection process in 1st Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a block diagram explaining the 2nd Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a frequency waveform diagram explaining the 2nd Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed example of the string repellent detection processing in the 2nd Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed example of the i-string pizzicato spectrum envelope information calculation in 2nd Embodiment of an electronic stringed instrument.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the present embodiment”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the appearance of the electronic stringed instrument 100, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the neck portion and its internal mechanism. As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic stringed instrument 100 includes a body portion 101, a neck portion 102, and a head portion 103. Six pegs (pincushion) 110 around which one end of each of the six metal strings 111 is wound are attached to the head portion 103. Each string 111 wound around each peg 110 passes over the body 101 from the neck 102 while being supported by the nut (upper piece) 109 (see FIG. 2) of the head 103, and is attached to the body 101. It is stretched between the six support portions of the bridge portion 104. A string number is associated with each of the six strings 111. The thinnest string 111 at the bottom of the drawing in FIG. 1 is the "first string", and the "second string", "third string", "fourth string", and "fifth string" are in the order of increasing thickness of the strings 111. The string number becomes larger, such as "6th string".

On the neck portion 102, # 0 to # N-1 (the number of N is, for example, "22") from the head portion 103 toward the body portion 101 on the fingerboard 108 attached to the surface of the neck portion 102. A plurality of frets 107 are embedded so as to be orthogonal to each string 111 as shown in FIG. Each of the N frets 107 is associated with a fret number. The fret 107 closest to the nut 109 of the head portion 103 is the first fret (or # 0 fret), followed by the second fret (# 1 fret), the third fret (# 2 fret), and so on. The fret 107 attached and closest to the body 101 is the Nth fret (# N-1 fret).

As illustrated in FIG. 2, inside the neck portion 102, between the nut 109 and the fret 107 of # 0, between the fret 107 of # 0 and # 1, ..., # N-2 and # N-1. Sensor boards 201 of # 0, # 1, ... # N-1 are installed under the fingerboard 108 between the frets 107 of the above. Further, the wiring board 202, which is connected to each sensor board 201 and transmits the information of each sensor board 201 to the control circuit 106 (see FIG. 1) installed in the body portion 101, is provided in the longitudinal direction in the neck portion 102. Will be installed.

3 and 4A are views showing an example of the sensor substrate 201. As shown in FIG. 3, each sensor board 201 of # 0, # 1, ..., # N-1 has six coils 301 for detecting the pressing of each of the six strings 111. It is printed. Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, for example, in the sensor substrate 201 (#n) at the fret position of an arbitrary #n (0≤n≤N-1), the first string to the sixth string. Each coil 301 is located between the terminal wirings of the # 1 to # 6 coils 301 (# n / # 1) to 301 (# n / # 6) arranged corresponding to each string 111. Each capacitor 401 (# n / # 1) to 401 (# n / # 6) for operating as a resonator is connected. The pair of terminals of each coil 301 (# n / # 1) to 301 (# n / # 6) is connected to the wiring board 202 (see FIG. 2) via the connector 402 (# n), and is connected to the wiring board. It is connected to the fret sensor interface 506 (see FIG. 5 described later) in the control circuit 106 in the body 101 via the wiring on the 202. The sensor board 201 corresponding to each center position of each coil 301 has a hole, and the coil passes through the hole, passes through the back side of the sensor board 201, and is a wiring board via the connector 402 (#n). It is connected to 202 (see FIG. 2).

FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a wiring relationship between the sensor board 201 and the control circuit 106. From each coil 301 (# n / # i) and each capacitor 401 (# n / # i) (1 ≦ i ≦ 6) on each sensor board 201 (# n) (0 ≦ n ≦ N-1). Each resonant circuit 403 (# n / # i) is a sensor 404 (# n / # i) arranged in the fret sensor interface 506 (see FIG. 5) described later in the control circuit 106 in the body 101 of FIG. It is resonated by each signal supplied from the voltage source in #i). The sensor 404 (# n / # i) includes a voltage source and a counter for counting the output signal (frequency). When the metal string 111 (# i) approaches the coil 301 (# n / # i), the frequency changes and the count value changes. As a result, each resonance circuit 403 (# n / # i) resonates at a resonance frequency determined by the inductance value of each coil 301 (# n / # i) and the capacitance value of each capacitor 401 (# n / # i). Be made to. Now, with a resonant circuit 403 (# n / # i) being resonated by a voltage source in the corresponding sensor 404 (# n / # i), the performer can use his finger to resonate the resonant circuit 403 (# n / # i). The metal string 111 (#i) corresponding to # n / # i) is placed in front of the #n fret of the neck portion 102 (between the # n-1 fret and the #n fret, and when n = 0, FIG. 1 or FIG. By pressing a string on the finger plate 108 of the nut 109 of 2 (between the # 0 fret), the metal string 111 (# i) is moved to the coil 301 (# n / # i) in the resonant circuit 403 (# n / # i). When approaching # i) (the distance between the string 111 (# i) and the coil 301 (# n / # i) changes), the coil 301 (# n / # i) and the capacitor 401 (# n / # i) The reactance determined by and changes. As a result, the voltage across the coil 301 (# n / # i) changes. Therefore, the string 111 (# i) is pressed in front of the #n fret by detecting the voltage change from the change in the count value of the counter that counts the output signal (frequency) in the sensor 404 (# n / # i). It becomes possible to detect that.

Each sensor 404 (# n / # i) (0 ≦ n ≦ N-1, 1 ≦ i ≦ 6) is a fret sensor described later in the control circuit 106 in the body 101 of FIG. 1 as described above. They may be collectively arranged in the interface 506 (see FIG. 5), or on the wiring board 202 near the sensor board 201 (# n) in order to prevent deterioration of the analog signal in the resonance circuit 403 (# n / # i). May be placed in.

Here, in the electronic stringed instrument 100 of FIG. 1, it is required to continuously detect the pressed state (change in distance) of the metal string 111 under the fingerboard 108 in front of all the frets 107 of # 0 to # N-1. Will be done. However, for that purpose, it is necessary to put all the resonance circuits 403 (# n / # i) (0 ≦ n ≦ N-1, 1 ≦ i ≦ 6) into the resonance state. However, if one coil 301 (# n / # i) is in a resonance state and the adjacent coils 301 (# n / # i-1) or 301 (# n / # i + 1) resonate at the same time, 1 For example, the magnetic field generated by one coil 301 (# n / # i) enters another coil 301 (# n / # i-1) or 301 (# n / # i + 1) to cause electromagnetic induction. The reverse is also possible. As a result, each coil 301 (# n / # i), 301 (# n / # i-1), and 301 (# n / # i + 1) interfere with each other, and each resonance circuit 403 (# n / # i) , 403 (# n / # i-1), 403 (# n / # i + 1), respectively, noise is generated, and each string 111 (# i), 111 (# i-1), 111 ( The detection accuracy of the pressed string position of # i + 1) deteriorates, and in some cases, detection becomes impossible.

In order to avoid this, in the present embodiment, the coils 301 that are close to each other are not driven at the same time, but are driven in a time division manner. For example, of the six coils 301 on each sensor board 201, only the coils 301 separated by sandwiching the two coils 301 from each other are simultaneously driven during one phase, and the other coils 301 stop resonance. Be done. Further, in the adjacent sensor boards 201, only the coil 301 separated by sandwiching the two coils 301 is driven in the longitudinal direction of the neck portion 102. Then, each coil 301 is resonated in a time division while these phases are switched at high speed, so that the string pressing position of each string 111 is detected while suppressing the interference due to electromagnetic induction between the coils 301.

In the present embodiment, the technique described in the following patent document can be adopted as a specific technique for detecting the string pressing position, and therefore detailed description thereof will be omitted.
(Patent Document): Japanese Patent No. 65077768

Returning to the description of FIG. 1, the body 101 has a bridge 104 to which the other ends of the six strings 111 are attached, and a hexadivided, which is a string vibration sensor unit that independently detects the vibration of each string 111. A pickup 105 is provided. FIG. 4C is a diagram showing an example of the hexadivided pickup 105. As shown in FIG. 1, the hexadivided pickup 105 is arranged at the lower part of the six strings 111 at a position slightly away from the bridge 104 on the body 101, and the vibration of each string 111 (# i). Six electromagnetic pickups 410 (# i) (1 ≦ i ≦ 6) for detecting each of the above are arranged in the case. The string vibration generated in each string 111 (# i) by the performer's string repelling operation is detected as an analog electric signal by the electromagnetic pickup 410 (# i), and as will be described later in FIG. 5, this analog electric signal is A / Each of the corresponding A / D (analog / digital) converters in the D conversion unit 505 is converted into chord sound type data 510 (#i) (1 ≦ i ≦ 6) and processed by the CPU 501.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration example of the control circuit 106 in the body portion 101 shown in FIG. The hardware configuration of the control circuit 106 exemplified in FIG. 5 includes a CPU (central processing unit) 501, a ROM (read-only memory) 502, a RAM (random access memory) 503, and a sound source LSI (large-scale integrated) which is a sound source unit. Circuit) 504, a fret sensor interface 506, an A / D converter 505, and a D / A converter 507, which are interconnected by a system bus 520. The analog musical tone output signal output by the D / A converter 507 is amplified by the amplifier 508, then input to the speaker 509 arranged on the body 101 of FIG. 1, and is emitted as a musical tone from the speaker 509. ..

In the above connection configuration, the fret sensor interface 506 is connected to the wiring board 202 of FIG. 2, and although not particularly shown, the sensor 404 (# n / # i) (0 ≦ n ≦ N-1) shown in FIG. 5 is shown. Hardware (signal resonator and voltage detector) corresponding to the functions of 1 ≦ i ≦ 6) are mounted. The fret sensor interface 506 detects each performer's string pressing position on the fingerboard 108 by driving these hardware in a time-division manner, and notifies the CPU 501 of the string pressing information 511 indicating the string pressing position.

Further, the A / D conversion unit 505 inputs the vibration state of each string 111 from each electromagnetic pickup 410 in the hexadivided pickup 105 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 (c) as an electric signal, and is particularly illustrated. The CPU 501 is notified of each A / D conversion result as each chord sound type data 510 via each internal A / D converter.

The CPU 501 executes the control operation of the electronic stringed instrument 100 of FIG. 1 by executing the control program stored in the ROM 502 while using the RAM 503 as the work memory. The CPU 501 produces (note-on) or mutes (note-on) or mutes a musical tone whose pitch and velocity are specified based on the string sound type data 510 input from the A / D conversion unit 505 and the string pressing information 511 input from the fret sensor interface 506. The pronunciation control data 512 instructing note-off) is generated, and the pronunciation control data 512 is issued to the sound source LSI 504.

The sound source LSI 504 sounds by reading sound source data from a waveform ROM (not particularly shown) at a reading speed corresponding to the sound pitch specified by the sound control data 512, based on the sound control data 512 designated by the CPU 501. Sound source output data 513 is generated with an amplitude corresponding to the velocity specified by the control data 512. The sound source LSI 204 has an ability to generate sound source output data 513 of a plurality of voices corresponding to the repelling of each string 111. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 5, the sound source output data 513 is transferred to the RAM 503, for example, by DMA (direct memory access).

The CPU 501 reads the sound source output data 513 from the RAM 503 as shown by the broken line in FIG. 5, and reads from the string sound type data 510 input from the A / D conversion unit 505 and the string pressing information 511 and the ROM 502 input from the fret sensor interface 506. However, the frequency characteristics with respect to the sound source output data 513 based on the reference spectrum information (in the case of the first embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100) or the reference spectrum entrainment information (in the case of the second embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100). Executes the change process of. The CPU 501 transfers the resulting musical tone output data 514 (broken line portion in FIG. 5) to a predetermined storage area on the RAM 503 as shown by the broken line in FIG.

The musical tone output data 514 transferred to the RAM 503 is further transferred to the D / A converter 507, for example, by DMA, as shown by the broken line in FIG. The D / A converter 507 converts the digital musical tone output data 514 into an analog musical tone signal and outputs it to the amplifier 508.

The operation of the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 having the above-mentioned configurations of FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described. The performer (for example, in the case of a right-handed person) holds the body 101 of the electronic stringed instrument 100 of FIG. 1 with his right arm, attaches his left hand to the neck portion 102, and holds any one or more string pressing positions on the fingerboard 108. The performance is performed by pressing (the desired string 111 at the position of the desired fret 107) and further repelling each string 111 corresponding to each pressed position with a pick or the like held in the right hand. This operation is the same as the operation in the case of normal guitar playing.

At this time, as described above, the fret sensor interface 506 time-divides each resonance circuit 403 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B) from each sensor 404 in the fret sensor interface 506 corresponding to each of the string pressing positions. By driving, each string pressing information 511 corresponding to each of the above string pressing positions is detected. Then, these string pressing information 511 are notified to the CPU 501.

On the other hand, the A / D conversion unit 505 is connected to each of the electromagnetic pickups 410 in the hexadivided pickup 105 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 via internal A / D converters (not particularly shown). Each chord sound type data 510 detects the state of the chord 111. Then, these chord sound type data 510 are notified to the CPU 501.

FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram showing a control process based on the string sound waveform data 510 per string 111 and the corresponding string pressing information 511 executed by the CPU 501 of FIG. 5 in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. Is. Actually, for each of the six strings 111 (# i) (1 ≦ i ≦ 6), the processing corresponding to the configuration of FIG. 6 is executed in parallel by the time division processing.

In FIG. 6, the string repellent detection unit 601 for which the CPU 501 executes a control program is an electromagnetic pickup 410 corresponding to the string 111 currently being time-divided in the hexadivided pickup 105 (FIG. 4 (c)). (See) to detect the string repelling operation of the string 111 currently being time-divided by the performer based on the string sound type data 510 detected via the A / D conversion unit 505 of FIG. When the string-repellent detection unit 601 detects the string-repellent operation corresponding to the string 111 currently being time-divided, the string-repellent detection unit 601 calculates the intensity 620 of the string-repellent operation and outputs it to the sound control data generation unit 603.

On the other hand, in FIG. 6, the string pressing information 511 output from the fret sensor interface 506 is input to the pitch determination unit 602, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program. The pitch determination unit 602 determines which fret 107 is pressed for the string 111 currently being time-divided based on the input string pressing information 511, thereby indicating which string the string 111 is. The pitch specified by the performer is determined based on the fret 107 position indicated by the string pressing information 511, and the determined pitch information 621 is output.

In FIG. 6, the sound source control data generation unit 603, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, has the intensity 620 and the pitch of the string sound source data 510 at the timing when the string repellent detection unit 601 detects the string repellent operation of the string 111. Based on the pitch information 621 generated by the determination unit 602, sound control data 512 for instructing the generation (note-on) or mute (note-off) of the sound source output data 513 is generated for the sound source LSI 504. Issue.

Here, for example, the ROM 502 of FIG. 5, which is a storage unit, has a plurality of sets of reference spectrum information indicating the frequency spectrum characteristics of the chord sound type data which is a reference corresponding to a plurality of pitches and corresponding to an arbitrary string-repelling operation with respect to the string 111. Is stored as reference frequency information. This reference spectrum information is individually prepared and stored in the ROM 502, for example, for each string 111 of the 6th string and for each pitch corresponding to each fret 107 on the fingerboard 108. Further, the reference spectrum information is preferably a standard spectral characteristic obtained by repelling the central portion (near the 12th fret) of the stretched string 111, for example, but various string repellent forms (picking, etc.) are desired as appropriate. It may correspond to the method of pizzicato and the position of pizzicato).

In FIG. 6, the string-repellent spectrum information calculation unit 604 (string-repellent frequency information calculation unit), which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute a control program, indicates the string-repellent spectrum information 622 (string-repellent spectrum information 622) showing the frequency spectrum characteristics of the string sound form data 510 due to the string-repellent. The string-repellent frequency information) is calculated by, for example, a high-speed Fourier transform.

In FIG. 6, the reference spectrum information reading unit 605, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, corresponds to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 generated by the pitch determining unit 602 and corresponds to the string 111 currently being time-divided. The corresponding reference spectrum information 623 is read from, for example, ROM 502 in FIG. 5 into RAM 503.

In FIG. 6, the difference spectrum information calculation unit 606 (comparison unit), which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute a control program, has a basic frequency or a basic frequency corresponding to the sound pitch indicated by the sound pitch information 621 generated by the sound pitch determination unit 602. The reference spectrum information is obtained from the maximum value or the average value of the chord-repellent spectrum information 622 at the frequency corresponding to the pitch or its neighboring frequency for each frequency corresponding to the pitch, which is a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that is twice or more the natural frequency of. The difference spectrum information 624 is calculated by subtracting the maximum value or the average value at the frequency corresponding to the pitch corresponding to the 623 or a frequency in the vicinity thereof.

FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a waveform example of the string-repellent spectrum information 622, and FIG. 7B is a pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 generated by the pitch determination unit 602 corresponding to the string-repellent spectrum information 622. It is a figure which shows the waveform example of the corresponding reference spectrum information 623. Both figures have a comb-shaped frequency characteristic having a large spectral value at a fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that are more than twice the fundamental frequency and a natural number of times. The string-repellent spectrum information 622 at the time of string-repelling is at a fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that are twice or more the natural frequency of the fundamental frequency with respect to the reference spectrum information 623. It can be seen that the balance of the spectral values is different. Here, the sound source output data 513 output from the sound source LSI 504 corresponding to the pitch 111 indicated by the pitch information 621 corresponding to the string 111 currently being time-divided is assumed to have a frequency characteristic corresponding to the reference spectrum information 623. It is tuned to be generated. Therefore, in the first embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100, the reference spectrum information 623 is for each of the fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that are twice or more the natural frequency of the fundamental frequency. By calculating the difference spectrum information 624 of the string-repellent spectrum information 622 with respect to the string, the difference between the string-repellent spectrum information 622 calculated at the time of actual string-repelling and the reference spectrum information 623 can be extracted.

In FIG. 6, the bandpass filter unit 608 of # 0 to # 5 for inputting the sound source output data 513 from the sound source LSI 504, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, and the output of each bandpass filter unit 608 are mixed. The mixer unit 609, which outputs the music output data 514, is based on the difference spectrum information 624 (comparison result) calculated by the difference spectrum information calculation unit 606 (comparison unit) for the frequency characteristics of the sound source output data 513 output from the sound source LSI 504. It operates as a frequency characteristic changing unit that outputs music sound output data 514.

At this time, in FIG. 6, the bandpass filter setting unit 607, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, sets each of the above-mentioned predetermined pitch corresponding frequencies as the center frequency 625 in each bandpass filter unit 608. .. Further, the bandpass filter setting unit 607 sets each gain 626 corresponding to the value of each difference spectrum information 624 corresponding to each predetermined pitch corresponding frequency in each bandpass filter unit 608.

FIG. 8 is a frequency waveform diagram showing an example of the frequency characteristics of each bandpass filter unit 608 set as described above in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. Here, for example, it is assumed that the pitch corresponding to the pitch information 621 determined by the pitch determination unit 602 in FIG. 6 is 110 Hz.

In this case, in the bandpass filter unit 608 (# 0), the pitch corresponding frequency = 110 Hz, which is a basic frequency equal to the pitch frequency, is set as the center frequency 625, and is set as the value of the difference spectrum information 624 at the frequency 110 Hz. The corresponding gain 626 is set. In FIG. 8, the gain curve of each bandpass filter unit 608 is drawn with various changes, because the gain characteristics of the bandpass filter vary according to the gain 626 set by the bandpass filter setting unit 607. It shows that it will change.

In FIG. 8, in the bandpass filter unit 608 (# 1), the pitch corresponding frequency = 220 Hz, which is a second harmonic of the pitch frequency, is set as the center frequency 625, and is set to the value of the difference spectrum information 624 at the frequency 220 Hz. The corresponding gain 626 is set.

In FIG. 8, in the bandpass filter unit 608 (# 2), the pitch corresponding frequency = 440 Hz, which is a fourth harmonic of the pitch frequency, is set as the center frequency 625, and is set to the value of the difference spectrum information 624 at the frequency 440 Hz. The corresponding gain 626 is set.

In FIG. 8, in the bandpass filter unit 608 (# 3), the pitch corresponding frequency = 880 Hz, which is the 8th harmonic of the pitch frequency, is set as the center frequency 625, and is set to the value of the difference spectrum information 624 at the frequency 880 Hz. The corresponding gain 626 is set.

In FIG. 8, in the bandpass filter unit 608 (# 4), the pitch corresponding frequency = 1760 Hz, which is the 16th overtone of the pitch frequency, is set as the center frequency 625, and is set to the value of the difference spectrum information 624 at the frequency 1760 Hz. The corresponding gain 626 is set.

In FIG. 8, in the bandpass filter unit 608 (# 5), the pitch corresponding frequency = 3520 Hz, which is the 32nd harmonic of the pitch frequency, is set as the center frequency 625, and is set to the value of the difference spectrum information 624 at the frequency 3520 Hz. The corresponding gain 626 is set.

As described above with reference to FIG. 6, in the first embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100, the pitch information 621 determined by the pitch determination unit 602 is for the string 111 currently being time-divided. Difference spectrum information, which is the result of comparison between the string-repellent spectrum information 622 and the reference spectrum information 623, for each sound pitch corresponding frequency, which is a fundamental frequency corresponding to or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that is twice or more the natural frequency of the basic frequency. Based on 624, for example, the frequency characteristics of the sound source output data 513 input from the sound source LSI 504 via the RAM 503 are changed by the six band path filter units 608 from # 0 to # 5, and the sound is output as music output data 514. Can be done. As a result, as in the case of an electric guitar that is not an electronic stringed instrument, the string-repellent spectrum information 622, which is the frequency characteristic of the vibration of the string 111, changes from the reference spectrum information 623 depending on the method and position of the string-repellent with respect to the string 111. For example, the six bandpass filter units 608 from # 0 to # 5 can change the tone color of the sound source output data 513 output by the sound source LSI 504 and output it as musical sound output data 514.

For example, when the performer holds a soft pick shallowly and strongly picks the strings 111, it is possible to output musical tone output data 514 that emphasizes the mid-high range with respect to the reference sound source output data 513. In addition, when the performer makes a vigorous stroke to cut the surface of the string with the tip of the pick without hitting the string 111 deeply, a musical tone that emphasizes the high frequency range with respect to the reference sound source output data 513. Output data 514 can be output. Furthermore, when the string is repelled near the center of the string 111, the gain 626 of each overtone component, which is more than twice as large as the reference sound source output data 513, is small and the soft (or so-called round) sound output data. 514 can be output, and when the string is repelled at a position close to the bridge portion 104 (see FIG. 1) of the string 111, the gain 626 of each harmonic component that is more than double the reference sound source output data 513 is obtained. It is possible to output the musical sound output data 514 of a loud and hard sound.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of a main process executed by the control circuit 106 of FIG. 1 in order to realize the operation of the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. In FIG. 5, this process is an operation in which the CPU 501 in the control circuit 106 loads the control program stored in the ROM 502 into the RAM 503 and executes it.

First, the CPU 501 executes an initialization process such as the stored contents of the RAM 503 by turning on the power (step S901).

After that, the CPU 501 repeatedly executes a series of processes from steps S902 to S905 until the power is turned off.

In the iterative process, the CPU 501 first executes the switch process (step S902). In step S902, the CPU 501 has a timbre number corresponding to the timbre designated by the timbre switch when any of the timbre switches (not particularly shown) arranged on the body portion 101 of FIG. 1 is turned on by the performer. Is issued to the sound source LSI 504, the sound control data 512, which is the tone color setting event in which is set. As a result, the sound source LSI 504 changes the tone color of the sound source output data 513 to be generated. Further, in step S902, when the volume knob (not particularly shown) arranged on the body portion 101 is turned by the performer, the CPU 501 sets the amplification factor specified by the volume knob to the amplifier 508 of FIG. do.

Next, the CPU 501 executes the string repellent detection process (step S903). Here, the CPU 501 detects which string 111 has been repelled by the hexadivided pickup 105 (see FIG. 1) and which fret position of the repelled string 111 has been pressed. Details of this process will be described later using the flowchart of FIG.

Subsequently, the CPU 501 executes the pronunciation process (step S904). Here, the CPU 501 issues sound control data 512 to the sound source LSI 504 based on the result of the string repelling detection process in step S903. As a result, the sound source LSI 504 generates / outputs or silences the sound source output data 513.

Finally, the CPU 501 executes other processing (step S905). Here, the CPU 501 executes various processes necessary for controlling the electronic stringed instrument 100, which were not executed in steps S902, S903, and S904. After that, the CPU 501 returns to the process of step S902.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of the string repellent detection process of step S903 of FIG. 9 in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument. In FIG. 10, the CPU 501 sets the value of the variable i stored in the RAM 503 in order to execute the time division processing for each of the six strings 111 (# i) (1 ≦ i ≦ 6). While changing from "1" (step S1001) by +1 (step S1015), a series of control processes from steps S1002 to S1014 are repeatedly executed until it is determined that the value "6" has been exceeded (step S1016).

In the above series of processing, it corresponds to the string 111 (# i) currently being time-divided (hereinafter referred to as "the i string") of the number indicated by the value of the variable i in the hexadivided pickup 105. From the electromagnetic pickup 410 (#i) (see FIG. 4C), the string sound type data 510 of the i-string is acquired via the A / D conversion unit 505 of FIG. 5 (step S1002).

Next, the CPU 501 determines whether or not the performer's string repellent with respect to the i-th string is newly detected (step S1003). In this determination, for example, the CPU 501 has an amplitude of the string sound type data 510 of the i-th string acquired in step S1002 that is equal to or less than a predetermined string repellent determination threshold value at the time of the previous determination of step S1003, and at the time of the determination of this time step S1003. By determining whether or not the string repellent determination threshold has been exceeded, a new string repellent of the i-th string by the performer is detected.

If the determination in step S1003 is YES, the CPU 501 determines the strength of the string repelling operation of the i-string by the performer based on, for example, the average value of the amplitudes of the chord sound shape data 510 acquired in step S1002 for a predetermined period (FIG. 6). 6) is calculated.

The above steps S1003 and S1004 correspond to the function of the string repellent detection unit 601 in FIG.

Next, the CPU 501 is designated by the performer by determining which fret 107 position of the fingerboard 108 is being pressed for the i-th string based on the string pressing information 511 input from the fret sensor interface 506. The pitch is determined, and the determined pitch information 621 is determined (step S1005). This process corresponds to the function of the pitch determination unit 602 of FIG.

Next, the CPU 501 determines the string repelling strength 620 of the i string calculated in step S1004 and the string repelling of the i string calculated in step S1005 at the timing when the string repelling operation of the i string is detected in step S1003. Based on the corresponding pitch information 621, the pronunciation control data 512 instructing the pronunciation (note-on) is generated and stored in the RAM 503 (step S1006). The CPU 501 reads the pronunciation control data 512 generated in step S1006 from the RAM 503 in step S904 of FIG. 9 described above and issues it to the sound source LSI 504. The process of step S1006 and step S904 of FIG. 9 corresponds to the note-on instruction function of the pronunciation control data generation unit 603 of FIG.

On the other hand, if a new string repellent by the performer for the i-string is not detected and the determination in step S1003 described above becomes NO, the CPU 501 determines in step S1007 whether or not the i-string is already repelled. (Step S1007). In this process, the CPU 501 determines whether or not the amplitude of the chord sound shape data 510 acquired in step S1002 exceeds the predetermined chord repellent determination threshold value described above.

If the i-th string is no longer being repelled and the determination in step S1007 is NO, the CPU 501 further determines whether the sound source LSI 504 is sounding the sound source output data 513 corresponding to the i-string ( Step S1008).

If the determination in step S1008 is YES, the CPU 501 generates sound control data 512 instructing mute (note-off) of the sound source output data 513 corresponding to the i-th string, and stores it in the RAM 503 (step S1009). The CPU 501 reads the pronunciation control data 512 generated in step S1009 from the RAM 503 in step S904 of FIG. 9 described above, and issues the sound control data 512 to the sound source LSI 504. After that, the CPU 501 shifts to the process of step S1015.

The determination of step S1007 is YES while the i-string is still repelled, or the sound source LSI 504 has already muted the sound source output data 513 corresponding to the i-string and the sound source LSI 504 is no longer repelling the string. If the determination is NO, the CPU 501 skips the generation process of the sound source control data 512 in step S1009, and proceeds to the process of step S1015.

The series of processes from steps S1007 to S1009 and the process of step S904 of FIG. 9 correspond to the note-off instruction function of the pronunciation control data generation unit 603 of FIG.

After the generation of the sound control data 512 instructing the sound (note-on) of step S1006 described above, the CPU 501 refers to the string sound type data 510 of the i-th string acquired in step S1002, for example, from the start of string repelling for a predetermined period. For example, by executing an operation of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the i-string string-repellent spectrum information 622 showing the frequency spectrum characteristic due to the string-repellent of the i-string is calculated (step S1010). This process corresponds to the function of the string-repellent spectrum information calculation unit 604 of FIG.

Next, the CPU 501 reads the reference spectrum information 623 corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 determined in step S1005 and corresponding to the i-th string from the ROM 502 to the RAM 503 (step S1011). This process corresponds to the function of the reference spectrum information reading unit 605 of FIG.

Further, the CPU 501 uses the pitch corresponding frequency of the string repellent spectrum information 622 obtained in step S1010 for each pitch corresponding frequency (see FIG. 8) corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 determined in step S1005. The i-th string difference spectrum information by subtracting the maximum value or average value of the reference spectrum information 623 read into the RAM 503 in step S1011 at the pitch corresponding frequency or its vicinity frequency from the maximum value or average value at the vicinity frequency. 624 is calculated (step S1012). This process corresponds to the function of the difference spectrum information calculation unit 606 in FIG.

After that, the CPU 501 becomes an execution program of the time-divided bandpass filter arithmetic processing and the mixer arithmetic processing developed on the RAM 503 corresponding to the bandpass filter unit 608 and the mixer unit 609 (see FIG. 6) of # 0 to # 5. , Each of the above-mentioned pitch corresponding frequencies (see FIG. 8) is set as each center frequency 625 (step S1013), and the value of each difference spectrum information 624 corresponding to each of the above-mentioned pitch corresponding frequencies calculated in step S1012. Each gain 626 corresponding to is set (step S1014). These processes correspond to the functions of the bandpass filter setting unit 607 of FIG.

The series of processes from the above steps S1002 to S1014 is executed as a time division process for the strings 111 for the 6th string. As a result, the string-repellent spectrum information 622, which is the frequency characteristic of the vibration of the i-string, is the string i-string, depending on the method and position of the performer's string-repelling with respect to each of the strings 111 of the i-string (1 ≦ i ≦ 6). Input from the sound source LSI 504 via the RAM 503 by the amount changed from the reference spectrum information 623, for example, by performing six bandpass filter operations (corresponding to the bandpass filter unit 608 of # 0 to # 5 in FIG. 6) by time division processing. The tone color of the sound source output data 513 corresponding to the i-th string can be changed to output the musical sound output data 514 corresponding to the i-string.

The operation of the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 having the above-mentioned configurations of FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described.

FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram showing a control process based on the string sound waveform data 510 per string 111 and the string pressing information 511 executed by the CPU 501 of FIG. 5 in the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. .. Actually, for each of the six strings 111 (# i) (1 ≦ i ≦ 6), the processing corresponding to the configuration of FIG. 11 is executed in parallel by the time division processing.

The configuration of FIG. 11 corresponding to the embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 differs from the configuration of FIG. 6 corresponding to the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 in that spectral envelope information is used instead of spectral information. .. The spectrum entrainment information is a comb-shaped frequency structure having a fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 generated by the pitch determination unit 602 from the spectrum information, or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that are more than twice the fundamental frequency and a natural number multiple. It is a frequency characteristic obtained by removing the above, and it is not necessary to consider the pitch information 621 when executing the process of changing the frequency characteristic of the sound source output data 513 output from the sound source LSI 504 and outputting the music output data 514. Is an advantage.

In FIG. 11, the functions shown by the string repellent detection unit 601, the pitch determination unit 602, and the pronunciation control data generation unit 603, which are the functions of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, are the same as in FIG.

For example, the ROM 502 of FIG. 5, which is a storage unit, stores the reference spectrum envelope information showing the frequency spectrum envelope characteristic as the reference of the chord sound waveform data corresponding to the arbitrary chord repellent operation on the chord 111 as the reference frequency information. This reference spectrum envelope information is prepared individually for each string 111 of the 6th string and stored in the ROM 502, for example. Unlike the case of the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100, in the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100, the reference spectrum enveloping information does not need to be prepared individually for each pitch, but the pitches differ greatly. Since the tone color of the reference musical tone may be different, it may be prepared for each group with a large pitch. This reference spectrum entrainment information is a standard spectrum obtained by pizzicato, for example, the central portion (near the 12th fret) of the stretched string 111, as in the case of the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. The entanglement characteristic is desirable, but it may be suitable for various string-repellent forms (string-repelling method such as picking and string-repelling position).

11; The string spectrum wrapping information 1110 (string-repellent frequency information) is calculated by, for example, a cepstrum analysis calculation.

In FIG. 11, the reference spectrum envelope information reading unit 1102, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, reads the reference spectrum envelope information 1111 corresponding to the string 111 from the ROM 502 of FIG. 5 to the RAM 503, for example. As described above, when the reference spectrum inclusion information 1111 is prepared for each group having a large pitch, the reference spectrum inclusion information reading unit 1102 is indicated by the pitch information 621 generated by the pitch determination unit 602. Depending on where the pitch is included in a large group of pitches, the reference spectrum entrapment information 1111 corresponding to that group may be read from, for example, ROM 502 in FIG. 5 into RAM 503.

In FIG. 11, the difference spectrum envelope information calculation unit 1103 (comparison unit), which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute a control program, has string-repellent spectrum envelope information at predetermined frequency intervals (for example, at each frequency point of high-speed Fourier conversion). The difference spectrum envelope information 1112 is calculated by subtracting the value of the reference spectrum envelope information 1111 from the value of 1110. In the second embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100, unlike the case of the first embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100, the fundamental frequency or the fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 generated by the pitch determination unit 602 is It is not necessary to perform the calculation for each pitch-corresponding frequency, which is a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that is twice or more natural.

FIG. 12A is a diagram showing a waveform example of the string-repellent spectrum envelope information 1110. The string repellent spectrum entrapment information 1110 of FIG. 11 is shown as 1202 of FIG. 12 (a) (corresponding to the waveform diagram of FIG. 7 (a)) as shown as 1201 of FIG. 12 (a). With the frequency wrapping characteristic that removes the influence of the comb-shaped frequency structure due to the fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 or the predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that are more than twice the fundamental frequency and several times the natural frequency from the string spectrum information 622. be.

On the other hand, FIG. 12B is a diagram showing examples of waveforms of the reference spectrum envelope information 1111 and the string-repellent spectrum envelope information 1110. The reference spectrum inclusion information 1111 of FIG. 11 is the reference spectrum of FIG. 6 shown as 1204 of FIG. 12 (b) (corresponding to the waveform diagram of FIG. 7 (b)) as shown as 1203 of FIG. 12 (b). From the information 623, it is a frequency wrapping characteristic obtained by removing the influence of the comb-shaped frequency structure due to the fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that are twice or more the natural frequency of the fundamental frequency.

Further, the difference spectrum envelopment information 1112 in FIG. 11 is an upward arrow (in the case of chord-repellent spectrum encapsulation information 1110> reference spectrum encapsulation information 1111) or a downward arrow (string-repellent spectrum encapsulation information 1110) of 1205 in FIG. 12 (b). From the string-repellent spectrum inclusion information 1110 shown as 1201 in FIG. 12 (b) (same as 1201 in FIG. 12 (a)) at predetermined frequency intervals, as shown as <in the case of reference spectrum inclusion information 1111). It is a characteristic obtained by subtracting the reference spectrum inclusion information 1111 shown as 1203 in FIG. 12 (b).

As can be seen by comparing 1201 and 1203 in FIG. 12B, it can be seen that the string-repellent spectrum envelope information 1110 at the time of actual string repelling has a different balance of spectral envelope values with respect to the reference spectrum envelope information 1111. .. Here, the sound source output data 513 corresponding to the string 111 currently being time-divided and output from the sound source LSI 504 corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information 621 has a frequency characteristic corresponding to the reference spectrum wrapping information 1111. It is tuned to be generated on the assumption. Therefore, in the second embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100, the string-repellent spectrum envelope information calculated at the time of actual string-repelling is calculated by calculating the difference spectrum envelope information 1112 of the string-repellent spectrum envelope information 1110 with respect to the reference spectrum envelope information 1111. The difference between 1110 and the reference spectrum envelope information 1111 can be extracted.

Further, in the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100, unlike the case of the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100, it is not necessary to consider the difference in pitch due to the pitch information 621, so that the sound is stored in the ROM 502 in advance. The number of sets of the reference spectrum entanglement information 1111 can be significantly reduced as compared with the number of sets of the reference spectrum information 623 in the case of the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100, and if a ROM 502 having a small storage capacity is prepared. It has the advantage of being good.

In FIG. 11, the difference spectrum entanglement information impulse response calculation unit 1104, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, has, for example, each frequency of the difference spectrum with respect to the difference spectrum wrapping information 1112 calculated by the difference spectrum wrapping information calculation unit 1103. The difference spectrum is obtained by adding an offset value (a value that makes the transfer function 1 when viewed as a filter) to the amplitude to make all frequency amplitudes positive, and then performing a high-speed inverse Fourier transform. The difference spectrum inclusion information impulse response 1113, which is the impulse response in the time region corresponding to the inclusion information 1112, is calculated.

Further, in FIG. 11, the convolution calculation filter unit 1105, which is a function of the CPU 501 to execute the control program, uses the difference spectrum inclusion information impulse response 1113 calculated by the difference spectrum inclusion information impulse response calculation unit 1104 to obtain the RAM 503 from the sound source LSI 504. The music output data 514 is output by executing a convolution operation that convolves the sound source output data 513 input via the impulse in a time range.

The convolution calculation filter unit 1105 is shown as 1205 in FIG. 12 (b) with respect to the sound source output data 513 having the frequency envelope characteristic corresponding to the reference spectrum envelope information 1111 shown as 1203 in FIG. 12 (b). It operates as a frequency characteristic changing unit that changes the frequency corresponding to the difference spectrum envelope information 1112 (comparison result). Then, by the convolution calculation filter unit 1105, the musical sound output data 514 having the frequency envelopment characteristic corresponding to the actual string repelling operation of the performer corresponding to the string repellent spectrum envelope information 1110 shown as 1201 in FIG. 12 (b). Can be generated.

As described above, in the second embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100, as described with reference to FIG. 11, for the string 111 currently being time-divided, the string-repellent spectrum wrapping information 1110 and the reference spectrum wrapping information 1111 The sound source output data 513 input from the sound source LSI 504 to the sound source LSI 504 via the RAM 503 by the convolution calculation filter unit 1105 based on the difference spectrum wrapping information 1112 which is the comparison result with and the difference spectrum wrapping information impulse response 1113 which is the impulse response thereof. The frequency characteristics can be changed and output as music output data 514. As a result, the string-repellent spectrum envelopment information 1110, which is the frequency characteristic of the vibration of the string 111, changes from the reference spectrum encapsulation information 1111 depending on the method and position of the string repelling with respect to the string 111, as in the case of an electric guitar that is not an electronic string instrument. However, the convolution calculation filter unit 1105 can change the tone color of the sound source output data 513 output by the sound source LSI 504 and output it as music output data 514.

Next, a process executed by the control circuit 106 of FIG. 1 will be described in order to realize the operation of the second embodiment described above for the electronic stringed instrument 100. This process is an operation in which the CPU 501 in the control circuit 106 loads the control program stored in the ROM 502 into the RAM 503 and executes it, as in the case of the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. ..

First, in the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100, an example of the main process executed by the CPU 501 is the same as the flowchart of FIG. 9 described in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of the string repellent detection process of step S903 of FIG. 9 in the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. In the flowchart of FIG. 13, the process of assigning the same step number as in the flowchart of FIG. 10 showing a detailed example of the string repellent detection process in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 is the same as in the case of the first embodiment. Execute the process.

In FIG. 13, the CPU 501 performs time division processing on each of the six strings 111 (# i) (1 ≦ i ≦ 6), as in the case of FIG. 10 in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. In order to execute the variable i, the value of the variable i stored in the RAM 503 is changed by +1 from the value "1" (step S1001) (step S1015) until it is determined that the value "6" has been exceeded (step S1016). , Steps S1003 to S1009, and steps S1301 to S1305 are repeatedly executed.

In the above series of processes, the series of processes from steps S1002 to S1009 is the same process as in FIG. 10 in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100. A series of processes following steps S1301 to S1305 will be described below.

First, the CPU 501 performs, for example, a cepstrum operation on the string sound form data 510 of the i-string acquired in step S1002, thereby exhibiting the frequency spectrum envelope characteristic of the string of the i-string. The information 1110 is calculated (step S1301). This process corresponds to the function of the string-repellent spectrum envelope information calculation unit 1101 of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of the i-string pizzicato spectrum envelope information calculation in step S1301 of FIG. First, the CPU 501 performs an operation of, for example, a fast Fourier transform on the string sound form data 510 of the i-string acquired in step S1002, thereby exhibiting the frequency spectrum characteristic of the string of the i-string. The string spectrum information is calculated (step S1401). This process is the same as the process of step S1010 in FIG. 10 in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100.

Next, the CPU 501 calculates the i-string string-repellent logarithm spectrum information by calculating the logarithm of the spectrum value for each frequency point of the i-string string-repellent spectrum information calculated in step S1401 (step S1402).

Subsequently, the CPU 501 calculates the i-string string-repellent cepstrum information, which is a physical quantity in the keffrency region, by performing, for example, a fast Fourier inverse transform on the i-string string-repellent logarithmic spectrum information calculated in step S1402. (Step S1403).

Further, the CPU 501 leaves only the value of the low-frequency keffrency region below a predetermined threshold value in the i-string pizzicato string cepstrum information of the keffrenity region calculated in step S1403, and the value of the high-frequency keffrency region exceeding the threshold value. Executes the i-string cepstrum lifting operation, which is a lifting operation that makes all zeros (step S1404).

Then, the CPU 501 executes, for example, a fast Fourier transform on the i-string string-repellent cepstrum information including the zero value after the lifting calculation calculated as a result of the operation in step S1404, thereby performing the i-string repellent of FIG. The string spectrum envelope information 1110 is calculated (step S1405). After that, the CPU 501 ends the process of the i-string pizzicato spectrum envelope information calculation in step S1301 of FIG. 13 shown in the flowchart of FIG.

Returning to the description of the flowchart of FIG. 13, the CPU 501 subsequently reads the reference spectrum envelope information 1111 corresponding to the i-th string from the ROM 502 to the RAM 503 (step S1302). This process corresponds to the function of the reference spectrum envelope information reading unit 1102 of FIG.

Further, the CPU 501 receives the reference spectrum envelope information 1111 read into the RAM 503 in step S1302 from the value of the string-repellent spectrum envelope information 1110 obtained in step S1301 at predetermined frequency intervals (for example, at each frequency point of the high-speed Fourier transform). By subtracting the values, the i-th string difference spectrum envelope information 1112 is calculated (step S1303). This process corresponds to the function of the difference spectrum envelope information calculation unit 1103 in FIG.

After that, the CPU 501 performs, for example, a high-speed inverse Fourier transform on the difference spectrum envelope information 1112 calculated in step S1303, so that the difference spectrum envelope information impulse is an impulse response in the time domain corresponding to the difference spectrum envelope information 1112. The response 1113 is calculated (step S1304). This process corresponds to the function of the difference spectrum envelope information impulse response calculation unit 1104 in FIG.

Then, the CPU 501 sets the difference spectrum envelope information impulse response 1113 calculated in step S1304 in the execution program of the time division convolution calculation filter processing expanded on the RAM 503 (step S1305). This process corresponds to the function of the convolution calculation filter unit 1105 of FIG.

The series of processes from steps S1002 to S1009 and steps S1301 to S1305 are executed as time division processing for the strings 111 for 6 strings. As a result, the string-repellent spectrum envelopment information 1110, which is the frequency characteristic of the vibration of the i-string, is the reference spectrum entrapment depending on the method and position of the performer's string repelling for each of the strings 111 of the i-string (1 ≦ i ≦ 6). The convolution calculation filter unit 1105 changes the tone color of the sound source output data 513 corresponding to the i-th string output by the sound source LSI 504 by the amount changed from the information 1111, and outputs the musical tone output data 514 corresponding to the i-string. be able to.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 described above, the resonances arranged on the sensor substrate 201 having the configurations of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 (a) and 4 (b). The circuit 403 (see FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b)) is driven in a time division from the sensor 404 in the fret sensor interface 506 of FIG. The information 511 is detected, and the pitch determination unit 602 of FIG. 6 or FIG. 11 has a configuration in which the pitch is determined based on the string pressing information 511. As another embodiment, the hexadivided pickup 105 to FIG. 5 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 4C corresponds to the string pressing operation of the string 111 performed by the performer on the fingerboard 108 together with the string repelling operation of the string 111. A pitch extraction operation is executed for the string sound type data 510 of each string 111 detected via the A / D conversion unit 505 of the above, and the pitch specified by the performer is calculated based on the pitch calculated by the pitch extraction operation. It may be decided.

In another embodiment, the string pressed on the fingerboard 108 and the string whose vibration is detected by the hexadivided pickup 105 may be different strings.

As another embodiment, the fretboard 108 does not necessarily need the fret 107, and the first embodiment or the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 may be applied to a violin, a bass guitar, or the like.

In the second embodiment of the electronic string instrument 100 described above, the spectral envelope information was calculated based on the cepstrum analysis, but as another embodiment, the spectral envelope information is obtained by LSP (Line Spectrum Pair) analysis or the like. It may be calculated based on the omnipolar linear prediction analysis method of.

The function of FIG. 6 according to the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 described above and the function of FIG. 11 according to the second embodiment are sound sources input from the sound source LSI 504 via the RAM 503 in the hardware configuration of FIG. The output data 513 is executed as software processing of the CPU 501, and the musical tone output data 514 obtained as a result is transferred to the D / A converter 507 via the RAM 503. As another embodiment, a configuration is adopted in which the sound source LSI 504 executes the process corresponding to the function of FIG. 6 or 11 inside thereof, and directly outputs the resulting musical tone output data 514 to the D / A converter 507. May be done. Alternatively, for example, an independent DSP (digital signal processing processor) executes a process corresponding to the function of FIG. 6 or 11 on the sound source output data 513 output by the sound source LSI 504, and the music output data 514 obtained as a result. May be adopted so that the data is directly output to the D / A converter 507.

In addition to the control processing of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100 described above, the performer changes the string pressing position on the fingerboard 108 to the string pressing position of the different fret 107 after the string 111 is repelled. In such a case, a control process is executed such that the sound control data 512 that changes the pitch of the sound source output data 513 being sounded by the sound source LSI 504 corresponding to the string 111 according to the change of the string pressing position is issued. May be done. In this case, for example, in the first embodiment of the electronic stringed instrument 100, a control process is executed so that each center frequency 625 of, for example, the six bandpass filter units 608 of FIG. 6 is changed according to the change of the pitch.

Although the embodiments of the disclosure and their advantages have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art can make various changes, additions, and omissions without departing from the scope of the present invention clearly described in the claims. ..

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified at the implementation stage without departing from the gist thereof. In addition, the functions executed in the above-described embodiment may be combined as appropriate as possible. The embodiments described above include various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by an appropriate combination according to a plurality of disclosed constituent requirements. For example, even if some constituent elements are deleted from all the constituent elements shown in the embodiment, if the effect is obtained, the configuration in which the constituent elements are deleted can be extracted as an invention.

The following additional notes are further disclosed with respect to the above embodiments.
(Appendix 1)
With the stretched strings,
A string repellent detection unit that detects the string repelling operation of the string by the performer based on the string sound waveform data indicating the vibration of the string, and the string repellent detection unit.
After the timing when the string-repellent detection unit detects the string-repellent operation of the string, the string-repellent frequency information calculation unit that calculates the string-repellent frequency information indicating the frequency characteristic of the string sound-type data by the string-repellent
A comparison unit that compares the string-repellent frequency information with the reference frequency information stored in advance,
A frequency characteristic changing unit that outputs musical sound output data by changing the frequency characteristics of the sound source output data output from the sound source unit based on the comparison result of the comparison unit.
An electronic stringed instrument equipped with.
(Appendix 2)
The electronic stringed instrument according to Appendix 1, further comprising a string vibration sensor unit that detects the vibration of the string as string sound waveform data.
(Appendix 3)
A pitch designation unit that causes the performer to specify a pitch together with a string repelling operation of the string and generates pitch information indicating the designated pitch.
Generation of the sound source output data based on the intensity of the string sound type data at the timing when the string repellent detection unit detects the string repellent operation of the string and the pitch information generated by the pitch designation unit. A sound control data generation unit that generates sound control data to control the sound source and issues it to the sound source.
The electronic stringed instrument according to Appendix 1 or 2, further comprising.
(Appendix 4)
The pre-stored reference frequency information includes a plurality of sets of reference spectrum information indicating the reference frequency spectrum characteristics of the chord sound waveform data corresponding to a plurality of pitches and corresponding to an arbitrary string repelling operation on the chord.
After the timing when the string repellent detection unit detects the string repelling operation of the string, the string repellent frequency information calculation unit obtains the string repellent spectrum information indicating the frequency spectrum characteristic of the string sound wave data due to the string repelling. Calculated as
The comparison unit is a pitch-corresponding frequency that is a fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information generated by the pitch designation unit or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that is twice or more the natural frequency of the fundamental frequency. Each time, from the maximum value or the average value of the string repellent spectrum information at the pitch corresponding frequency or its vicinity frequency, it corresponds to the pitch indicated by the pitch information generated by the pitch designation unit corresponding to the string. The difference spectrum information is calculated by subtracting the maximum value or the average value of the reference spectrum information stored in advance at the pitch corresponding frequency or a frequency close thereto.
In the frequency characteristic changing unit, the pitch corresponding frequency is set as the center frequency for each pitch corresponding frequency, and the gain corresponding to the value of the difference spectrum information corresponding to the pitch corresponding frequency is set. It includes a plurality of sets of bandpass filter units into which sound source output data is input, and a mixer unit that mixes the outputs of the bandpass filter units and outputs the music output data.
The electronic stringed instrument described in Appendix 3.
(Appendix 5)
The electronic stringed instrument according to Appendix 4, wherein the string-repellent spectrum information and the reference spectrum information are calculated by a fast Fourier transform.
(Appendix 6)
The pre-stored reference frequency information includes reference spectrum envelope information indicating frequency spectrum envelope characteristics that serve as a reference for the chord sound waveform data corresponding to any chord repellent operation on the chord.
After the timing when the string repellent detection unit detects the string repelling operation of the string, the string repellent frequency information calculation unit obtains the string repellent spectrum entrainment information indicating the frequency spectrum entrainment characteristic of the string sound wave data due to the string repelling. Calculated as frequency information,
The comparison unit calculates the difference spectrum envelope information by subtracting the value of the reference spectrum envelope information stored in advance corresponding to the string from the value of the string-repellent spectrum envelope information at a predetermined frequency interval.
The frequency characteristic changing unit is a convolution calculation filter unit that calculates an impulse response corresponding to the difference spectrum envelope information, convolves the sound source output data into the impulse response, and outputs the music output data.
The electronic stringed instrument according to any one of Supplementary note 1 to 3.
(Appendix 7)
The electronic stringed instrument according to Appendix 6, wherein the string-repellent spectrum envelope information and the reference spectrum envelope information are calculated by a cepstrum operation or a line spectrum pair analysis operation.
(Appendix 8)
The pitch designation section is
Further provided with a fingerboard arranged close to the strings and having a plurality of string pressing positions defined.
Information regarding one or more of the string pressing positions designated by the performer by pressing the string on the fingerboard is detected as string pressing information.
The pitch specified by the performer is determined based on the string pressing information, and the pitch is determined.
Generates the pitch information indicating the determined pitch.
The electronic stringed instrument according to any one of Supplementary note 1 to 7.
(Appendix 9)
The pitch designation section is
A pitch extraction operation is executed for the chord sound waveform data detected by the chord repellent detection unit, and the pitch extraction operation is executed.
The pitch specified by the performer is determined or corrected based on the pitch calculated by the pitch extraction calculation.
Generates the pitch information indicating the determined or modified pitch.
The electronic stringed instrument according to any one of Supplementary note 1 to 8.
(Appendix 10)
For processors that control electronic stringed instruments
A string repellent detection process that detects the string repelling operation of the string by the performer based on the string sound waveform data indicating the vibration of the stretched string, and
After the timing when the string repelling operation of the string is detected by the string repelling detection process, the string repellent frequency information calculation process for calculating the string repellent frequency information indicating the frequency characteristic of the string repellent of the string sound type data, and the string repellent frequency information calculation process.
Comparison processing for comparing the string-repellent frequency information with the reference frequency information stored in advance, and
Frequency characteristic change processing to output musical tone output data by changing the frequency characteristic of the sound source output data output from the sound source unit based on the comparison result of the comparison unit, and
How to control an electronic stringed instrument to execute.
(Appendix 11)
For processors that control electronic stringed instruments
A string repellent detection process that detects the string repelling operation of the string by the performer based on the string sound waveform data indicating the vibration of the stretched string, and
After the timing when the string repelling operation of the string is detected by the string repelling detection process, the string repellent frequency information calculation process for calculating the string repellent frequency information indicating the frequency characteristic of the string repellent of the string sound type data, and the string repellent frequency information calculation process.
Comparison processing for comparing the string-repellent frequency information with the reference frequency information stored in advance, and
Frequency characteristic change processing to output musical tone output data by changing the frequency characteristic of the sound source output data output from the sound source unit based on the comparison result of the comparison unit, and
A program to execute.

100 Electronic stringed instrument 101 Body 102 Neck 103 Head 104 Bridge 105 Hexa divided pickup 106 Control circuit 107 Frets 108 Fingerboard 109 Nut (upper bridge)
110 pegs (pincushion)
111 string 201 sensor board 201
202 Wiring board 301 Coil 401 Capacitor 402 Connector 403 Resonance circuit 404 Sensor 410 Electromagnetic pickup 501 CPU
502 ROM
503 RAM
504 Sound source LSI
505 A / D converter 506 Fret sensor interface 507 D / A converter 508 Amplifier 509 Speaker 510 String sound type data 511 String pressing information 512 Sound generation control data 513 Sound source output data 514 Music sound output data 520 System bus 601 String repellent detector 602 Sound pitch determination Section 603 Sound control data generation section 604 String-repellent spectrum information calculation section 605 Reference spectrum information reading section 606 Difference spectrum information calculation section 607 Band path filter setting section 608 Band path filter section 609 Mixer section 620 Intensity 621 Pound pitch information 622 String-repellent spectrum Information 623 Reference spectrum information 624 Difference spectrum information 625 Center frequency 626 Gain 1101 String-repellent spectrum wrapping information calculation unit 1102 Reference spectrum wrapping information reading unit 1103 Difference spectrum wrapping information calculation unit 1104 Difference spectrum wrapping information impulse response calculation unit 1105 Convolution calculation filter Part 1110 String-repellent spectrum wrapping information 1111 Reference spectrum wrapping information 1112 Difference spectrum wrapping information 1113 Difference spectrum wrapping information Impulse response

Claims (11)

With the stretched strings,
A string repellent detection unit that detects the string repelling operation of the string by the performer based on the string sound waveform data indicating the vibration of the string, and the string repellent detection unit.
After the timing when the string-repellent detection unit detects the string-repellent operation of the string, the string-repellent frequency information calculation unit that calculates the string-repellent frequency information indicating the frequency characteristic of the string sound-type data by the string-repellent
A comparison unit that compares the string-repellent frequency information with the reference frequency information stored in advance,
A frequency characteristic changing unit that outputs musical sound output data by changing the frequency characteristics of the sound source output data output from the sound source unit based on the comparison result of the comparison unit.
An electronic stringed instrument equipped with. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a string vibration sensor unit that detects the vibration of the string as string sound waveform data. A pitch designation unit that causes the performer to specify a pitch together with a string repelling operation of the string and generates pitch information indicating the designated pitch.
Generation of the sound source output data based on the intensity of the string sound type data at the timing when the string repellent detection unit detects the string repellent operation of the string and the pitch information generated by the pitch designation unit. A sound control data generation unit that generates sound control data to control the sound source and issues it to the sound source.
The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising. The pre-stored reference frequency information includes a plurality of sets of reference spectrum information indicating the reference frequency spectrum characteristics of the chord sound waveform data corresponding to a plurality of pitches and corresponding to an arbitrary string repelling operation on the chord.
After the timing when the string repellent detection unit detects the string repelling operation of the string, the string repellent frequency information calculation unit obtains the string repellent spectrum information indicating the frequency spectrum characteristic of the string sound wave data due to the string repelling. Calculated as
The comparison unit is a pitch-corresponding frequency that is a fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch indicated by the pitch information generated by the pitch designation unit or a predetermined number of harmonic frequencies that is twice or more the natural frequency of the fundamental frequency. Each time, from the maximum value or the average value of the string repellent spectrum information at the pitch corresponding frequency or its vicinity frequency, it corresponds to the pitch indicated by the pitch information generated by the pitch designation unit corresponding to the string. The difference spectrum information is calculated by subtracting the maximum value or the average value of the reference spectrum information stored in advance at the pitch corresponding frequency or a frequency close thereto.
In the frequency characteristic changing unit, the pitch corresponding frequency is set as the center frequency for each pitch corresponding frequency, and the gain corresponding to the value of the difference spectrum information corresponding to the pitch corresponding frequency is set. It includes a plurality of sets of bandpass filter units into which sound source output data is input, and a mixer unit that mixes the outputs of the bandpass filter units and outputs the music output data.
The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 3. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 4, wherein the string-repellent spectrum information and the reference spectrum information are calculated by a fast Fourier transform. The pre-stored reference frequency information includes reference spectrum envelope information indicating frequency spectrum envelope characteristics that serve as a reference for the chord sound waveform data corresponding to any chord repellent operation on the chord.
After the timing when the string repellent detection unit detects the string repelling operation of the string, the string repellent frequency information calculation unit obtains the string repellent spectrum entrainment information indicating the frequency spectrum entrainment characteristic of the string sound wave data. Calculated as frequency information,
The comparison unit calculates the difference spectrum envelope information by subtracting the value of the reference spectrum envelope information stored in advance corresponding to the string from the value of the string-repellent spectrum envelope information at a predetermined frequency interval.
The frequency characteristic changing unit is a convolution calculation filter unit that calculates an impulse response corresponding to the difference spectrum envelope information, convolves the sound source output data into the impulse response, and outputs the music output data.
The electronic stringed instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 6, wherein the string-repellent spectrum envelope information and the reference spectrum envelope information are calculated by a cepstrum operation or a line spectrum pair analysis operation. The pitch designation section is
Further provided with a fingerboard arranged close to the strings and having a plurality of string pressing positions defined.
Information regarding one or more of the string pressing positions designated by the performer by pressing the string on the fingerboard is detected as string pressing information.
The pitch specified by the performer is determined based on the string pressing information, and the pitch is determined.
Generates the pitch information indicating the determined pitch.
The electronic stringed instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The pitch designation section is
A pitch extraction operation is executed for the chord sound waveform data detected by the chord repellent detection unit, and the pitch extraction operation is executed.
The pitch specified by the performer is determined or corrected based on the pitch calculated by the pitch extraction calculation.
Generates the pitch information indicating the determined or modified pitch.
The electronic stringed instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8. For processors that control electronic stringed instruments
A string repellent detection process that detects the string repelling operation of the string by the performer based on the string sound waveform data indicating the vibration of the stretched string, and
After the timing when the string repelling operation of the string is detected by the string repelling detection process, the string repellent frequency information calculation process for calculating the string repellent frequency information indicating the frequency characteristic of the string repellent of the string sound type data, and the string repellent frequency information calculation process.
Comparison processing for comparing the string-repellent frequency information with the reference frequency information stored in advance, and
Frequency characteristic change processing to output musical tone output data by changing the frequency characteristic of the sound source output data output from the sound source unit based on the comparison result of the comparison unit, and
How to control an electronic stringed instrument to execute. For processors that control electronic stringed instruments
A string repellent detection process that detects the string repelling operation of the string by the performer based on the string sound waveform data indicating the vibration of the stretched string, and
After the timing when the string repelling operation of the string is detected by the string repelling detection process, the string repellent frequency information calculation process for calculating the string repellent frequency information indicating the frequency characteristic of the string repellent of the string sound type data, and the string repellent frequency information calculation process.
Comparison processing for comparing the string-repellent frequency information with the reference frequency information stored in advance, and
Frequency characteristic change processing to output musical tone output data by changing the frequency characteristic of the sound source output data output from the sound source unit based on the comparison result of the comparison unit, and
A program to execute.

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