JP2022025674A - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022025674A JP2022025674A JP2020128634A JP2020128634A JP2022025674A JP 2022025674 A JP2022025674 A JP 2022025674A JP 2020128634 A JP2020128634 A JP 2020128634A JP 2020128634 A JP2020128634 A JP 2020128634A JP 2022025674 A JP2022025674 A JP 2022025674A
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- H01L29/739—Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals controlled by field-effect, e.g. bipolar static induction transistors [BSIT]
- H01L29/7393—Insulated gate bipolar mode transistors, i.e. IGBT; IGT; COMFET
- H01L29/7395—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT
- H01L29/7396—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1における半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法を説明する。以下の説明において、nおよびpは半導体の導電型を示す。n-は不純物濃度がnよりも低濃度であることを示す。n+は不純物濃度がnよりも高濃度であることを示す。同様に、p-は不純物濃度がpよりも低濃度であることを示す。p+は不純物濃度がpよりも高濃度であることを示す。以下に示される各層のp型およびn型は、互いに入れ替わってもよい。
図1は、実施の形態1における半導体装置100の構成の一例を示す平面図である。半導体装置100は、1つの半導体基板内にIGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)領域10とダイオード領域20とを有する。ダイオード領域20はIGBT領域10に隣接している。IGBT領域10には複数のIGBTのセル構造(IGBTセル)が形成され、ダイオード領域20には複数の還流ダイオードのセル構造(ダイオードセル)が形成される。セル構造は、素子の最小単位に対応する構造である。IGBT領域10およびダイオード領域20を含む領域は、セル領域と言われる。実施の形態1における半導体装置100は、RC-IGBT(Reverse Conducting IGBT:逆導通IGBT)である。半導体基板は、例えば、Si等の半導体、または、SiC、GaN等のいわゆるワイドバンドギャップ半導体によって形成されている。
図3は、実施の形態1における半導体装置のIGBT領域10の構成を示す部分拡大平面図である。図3は、図1に示された半導体装置100、または、図2に示された半導体装置101における領域82を拡大して示している。
図6は、実施の形態1における半導体装置のダイオード領域20の構成を示す部分拡大平面図である。図6は、図1に示された半導体装置100、または、図2に示された半導体装置101における領域83を拡大して示している。
図9は、IGBT領域10とダイオード領域20との境界部分の構成を示す平面図である。図10は、IGBT領域10とダイオード領域20との境界部分の構成を示す断面図である。図10は、図1、図2および図9に示される線分E-Eにおける断面を示す。ただし、図10の最も左側に示される1本のアクティブトレンチゲート11およびその隣の1本のダミートレンチゲート12の図示は、図9において省略されている。同様に、図10の最も右側に示される1本のダイオードトレンチゲート21の図示は、図9において省略されている。
図11は、IGBT領域10と終端領域30との境界部分の構成を示す断面図である。図11は、図1または図2に示される線分F-Fにおける断面を示す。図12は、ダイオード領域20と終端領域30との境界部分の構成を示す断面図である。図12は、図1に示される線分G-Gにおける断面を示す。
図13から図24は、実施の形態1における半導体装置の製造方法を示す図である。図13から図20は、半導体装置の第1主面側の構造を形成する工程を示している。図21から図24は、半導体装置の第2主面側の構造を形成する工程を示している。各図は、IGBT領域10とダイオード領域20との境界部分の断面、すなわち図1または図2に示される線分E-Eにおける断面を示している。
以上をまとめると、実施の形態1における半導体装置は、半導体基板、IGBT領域10、ダイオード領域20、境界トレンチゲート51およびキャリア制御領域50を含む。IGBT領域10には、トランジスタが形成されている。そのトランジスタは、p型ベース層15(第1導電型のベース層)、n+型ソース層13(第2導電型のソース層)およびアクティブトレンチゲート11と、を含む。p型ベース層15は、半導体基板の表層に設けられている。n+型ソース層13は、p型ベース層15の表層に選択的に設けられている。アクティブトレンチゲート11は、平面視においてn+型ソース層13を横切って延在する。ダイオード領域20には、ダイオードが形成されている。そのダイオード領域20は、IGBT領域10に隣接して配置されている。境界トレンチゲート51は、IGBT領域10とダイオード領域20との境界部に設けられる。キャリア制御領域50は、境界トレンチゲート51とアクティブトレンチゲート11との間に位置するn+型ソース層13よりも境界トレンチゲート51の近くに、半導体基板の表層として設けられる。そのキャリア制御領域50に含まれるn型の不純物濃度(第2導電型の不純物濃度)は、n+型ソース層13に含まれるn型の不純物濃度よりも低い。実施の形態1におけるキャリア制御領域50は、n+型ソース層13と境界トレンチゲート51との間に設けられるp型ベース層15である。
キャリア制御領域50は、n+型ソース層13と境界トレンチゲート51との間のp型ベース層15に限定されるものではない。キャリア制御領域50は、例えば、n+型ソース層13よりも境界トレンチゲート51の近くに半導体基板の表層として設けられるn-型半導体層、p-型半導体層およびp+型半導体層のうち、いずれかの半導体層を含んでもよい。n+型ソース層13とキャリア制御領域50との界面は、必ずしも明確でなくてよい。すなわち、キャリア制御領域50に含まれるn型の不純物濃度は、n+型ソース層13に含まれるn型の不純物濃度よりも低ければよい。例えば、キャリア制御領域50が、n+型ソース層13から境界トレンチゲート51の方向に、徐々にn型不純物濃度が低下したn-型半導体層、p-型半導体層またはp+型半導体層を含んでいてもよい。
境界トレンチゲート51は、境界トレンチゲート51とアクティブトレンチゲート11との間におけるn+型ソース層13には接していない。そのため、境界トレンチゲート51は、IGBTセルを構成していない。
実施の形態2における半導体装置を説明する。実施の形態2は実施の形態1の下位概念である。実施の形態2において、実施の形態1と同様の構成要素には、同一の参照符号を付し、それらの詳細な説明は省略する。
実施の形態3における半導体装置を説明する。実施の形態3は実施の形態1の下位概念である。実施の形態3において、実施の形態1または2と同様の構成要素には、同一の参照符号を付し、それらの詳細な説明は省略する。
実施の形態3の変形例において、キャリア制御領域50としてのp+型コンタクト層14は、n+型ソース層13よりも深くまで形成される。その場合、p+型コンタクト層14は、n+型ソース層13の下部の端部を覆うように形成される。そのため、n+型ソース層13と境界トレンチゲート51との間における電流経路の抵抗がさらに小さくなる。
実施の形態4における半導体装置を説明する。実施の形態4は実施の形態1の下位概念である。実施の形態4において、実施の形態1から3のいずれかと同様の構成要素には、同一の参照符号を付し、それらの詳細な説明は省略する。
Claims (8)
- 半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の表層に設けられた第1導電型のベース層と、前記ベース層の表層に選択的に設けられた第2導電型のソース層と、平面視において前記ソース層を横切って延在するトレンチゲートと、を含むトランジスタが形成されているトランジスタ領域と、
前記トランジスタ領域に隣接して配置され、ダイオードが形成されているダイオード領域と、
前記トランジスタ領域と前記ダイオード領域との境界部に設けられる境界トレンチゲートと、
前記境界トレンチゲートと前記トレンチゲートとの間に位置する前記ソース層よりも前記境界トレンチゲートの近くに、前記半導体基板の前記表層として設けられるキャリア制御領域と、を備え、
前記キャリア制御領域に含まれる第1導電型の不純物濃度は、前記ソース層に含まれる第1導電型の不純物濃度よりも高い、または、前記キャリア制御領域に含まれる第2導電型の不純物濃度は、前記ソース層に含まれる第2導電型の不純物濃度よりも低い、半導体装置。 - 前記境界トレンチゲートと前記トレンチゲートとの間に位置する前記ソース層は、前記トレンチゲートに接しており、かつ、前記境界トレンチゲートには接していない、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記キャリア制御領域は、前記ソース層と前記境界トレンチゲートとの間に設けられる前記ベース層を含む、請求項1または請求項2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記トランジスタ領域は、
前記境界トレンチゲートと前記トレンチゲートとの間に、前記半導体基板の前記表層として、前記ベース層の前記表層に形成された第1導電型のコンタクト層を含み、
前記境界トレンチゲートと前記トレンチゲートとの間に設けられる前記ソース層と前記コンタクト層とは、前記トレンチゲートの延在方向に、交互に配置されており、
前記コンタクト層に含まれる第1導電型の不純物濃度は、前記ベース層に含まれる第1導電型の不純物濃度よりも高い、請求項1から請求項3のうちいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記キャリア制御領域は、
前記ソース層と前記境界トレンチゲートとの間に設けられる前記ベース層の表層に形成された第1導電型のコンタクト層を含み、
前記コンタクト層に含まれる第1導電型の不純物濃度は、前記ベース層に含まれる第1導電型の不純物濃度よりも高い、請求項1から請求項4のうちいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記コンタクト層は、前記ソース層よりも深くまで形成されている、請求項5に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ダイオード領域は、
前記半導体基板の上面側の前記表層に設けられた第1導電型のアノード層と、
前記半導体基板の下面側の表層に設けられた第2導電型のカソード層と、を含み、
前記カソード層は、前記トランジスタ領域まで延在している、請求項1から請求項6のうちいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記トランジスタ領域は、
前記半導体基板の上面側の前記表層に設けられた前記ベース層および前記ソース層と、
前記半導体基板の下面側の表層に設けられた第1導電型のコレクタ層と、
前記ベース層と前記コレクタ層との間に第2導電型のドリフト層と、を含み、
前記トレンチゲートは、前記半導体基板の上面から前記ソース層と前記ベース層とを貫通して前記ドリフト層に到達しており、
前記トランジスタは、前記ソース層と、前記ベース層と、前記ドリフト層と、前記トレンチゲートと、前記コレクタ層と、を含む絶縁ゲート型バイポーラトランジスタ(IGBT)であり、
前記ダイオード領域は、
前記半導体基板の前記上面側の前記表層に設けられた第1導電型のアノード層と、
前記半導体基板の前記下面側の前記表層に設けられた第2導電型のカソード層と、
前記アノード層と前記カソード層との間に前記ドリフト層と、を含み、
前記ダイオードは、前記アノード層と、前記カソード層と、前記ドリフト層と、を含む還流ダイオードであり、
前記半導体基板に設けられた前記絶縁ゲート型バイポーラトランジスタと前記還流ダイオードとは、逆導通IGBTを形成している、請求項1から請求項7のうちいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
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WO2015068203A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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WO2015068203A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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