JP2022025613A - Foundation and foundation construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a foundation in which a joint marks between a pressure-resistant board and a rising part do not appear on sides.SOLUTION: A foundation 10 comprises a concrete pressure-resistant board 13 in which a lower part of transverse bars 21 extending in the front-back direction and longitudinal bars 23 continuous with the transverse bars 21 and extending in the vertical direction 7 are buried, and a concrete rising part 14 extending upward from the pressure-resistant board 13 covers a side surface 75 of the pressure-resistant board 13 and a part of an upper surface 77 continuous with the side surface 75 in which the upper part of the longitudinal bar 23 extending upward from the pressure-resistant board 13 is buried. The pressure-resistant board 13 and the rising part 14 are connected with the side 75 and a part of the upper surface 77 as a joint.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a foundation and a method of constructing the foundation.

Patent Document 1 discloses a foundation including a pressure plate and a rising portion formed on the pressure plate. The vertical load of the building supported by the riser is also supported by the pressure plate. In this foundation, after the pressure plate is placed, a rising portion is placed on the pressure plate.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-221814

As described in Patent Document 1, when the rising portion is placed on the pressure plate, a joint mark between the pressure plate and the rising portion appears on the outer surface of the foundation. Mortar or the like is applied to the outer surface of the foundation to cover the joint marks.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a means in which a joint mark between a pressure plate and a rising portion does not appear on the outer surface of the foundation.

(1) The foundation according to the present invention includes a first bar extending in the horizontal direction, a concrete pressure plate in which the lower part of the second bar extending in the vertical direction continuous with the first bar is embedded, and the above-mentioned pressure resistance. The upper part of the second bar extending upward from the board is embedded, covering the side surface of the pressure plate and a part of the upper surface continuous with the side surface, and the rising portion made of concrete extending upward from the pressure plate. , Is equipped. The pressure plate and the rising portion are connected to the side surface and a part of the upper surface as a joint mark.

Since the rising portion covers the side surface of the pressure plate, the joint mark between the pressure plate and the rising portion does not appear on the outer surface of the foundation. Since the rising portion covers a part of the upper surface of the pressure plate, the pressure plate also supports the vertical load supported by the rising portion. Further, since the lower part of the second bar is embedded in the pressure plate, the upward pulling force applied to the rising portion is transmitted to the pressure plate.

(2) The pressure plate has a protrusion that projects laterally from the side surface toward the rising portion.

The shear resistance at the joint mark between the side surface of the pressure plate and the rising portion increases.

(3) The pressure plate has a wire mesh provided along the side surface.

A protrusion can be formed on the side surface of the pressure plate by inserting a wire mesh and placing concrete.

(4) The protruding portion is a bar material embedded in the pressure plate, and a part of the bar material is embedded in the rising portion.

(5) Further provided with a third muscle connected to the lower part of the second muscle and extending in the horizontal direction, and a fourth muscle connected to the upper part of the second muscle and extending in the horizontal direction. There is. The third bar is embedded in the pressure plate. The fourth muscle is embedded in the rising portion.

(6) The method of constructing the foundation according to the present invention includes a reinforcement arrangement step connecting the first bar extending in the horizontal direction and the lower part of the second bar extending in the vertical direction, and connecting to the outside of the lower part of the second bar. The first casting step of forming a pressure plate in which the first bar and the lower part of the second bar are embedded by arranging the members and placing concrete, and removing the joint member, the above The outer formwork is arranged outside the side surface of the pressure plate, the inner formwork is arranged on the upper surface of the pressure plate, and the upper part of the second bar is positioned between the outer formwork and the inner formwork. The upper part of the second bar is buried by placing concrete, and the rising portion extending upward of the pressure plate covers the side surface of the pressure plate and a part of the upper surface continuous with the side surface. It includes a second casting step of forming and a removing step of removing the outer mold and the inner mold.

Since the rising portion covers the side surface of the pressure plate, the joint mark between the pressure plate and the rising portion does not appear on the outer surface of the foundation. Since the rising portion covers a part of the upper surface of the pressure plate, the pressure plate also supports the vertical load supported by the rising portion. Further, since the lower part of the second bar is embedded in the pressure plate, the upward pulling force applied to the rising portion is transmitted to the pressure plate.

(7) After arranging the outer formwork, the positioning material is arranged with the outer formwork as a reference, and the inner formwork is arranged along the positioning material.

Since the inner formwork is arranged along the positioning material, it is not necessary to mark out.

(8) The joint member is a plate having a concavo-convex shape, and is arranged so that the concavo-convex shape faces the horizontal direction.

(9) The above-mentioned joint member is a wire mesh.

Since unevenness is formed on the side surface of the pressure plate and the rising portion covering the side surface, it is possible to increase the shear resistance force in the vertical direction at the joint mark between the pressure plate and the rising portion.

(10) A bar material penetrating the joint member is arranged together with the joint member, and a part of the rod material is embedded in the pressure plate in the first casting step, and in the second casting step. , The other part of the bar is embedded in the rising portion.

According to the present invention, a foundation is realized in which a joint mark between the pressure plate and the rising portion does not appear on the outer surface of the foundation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the foundation 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the construction method 50 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a construction state up to the third step 53. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the construction state up to the third step 53. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the construction state up to the fifth step 55. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the construction state up to the sixth step 56. FIG. 7 is a partial plan view showing a state in which the width stopper 84 according to the first embodiment is arranged, and in FIG. 7A, the tip of the wire 84E abuts on the inner surface of the outer form 91. 7 (B) is a partial plan view showing a state in which the wire 84E is wound around the upper portion 72. FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the foundation 100 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the construction method 150 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing the construction state up to the third step 153.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. It is needless to say that the embodiments described below are merely examples of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention can be appropriately changed without changing the gist of the present invention.

[First Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the foundation 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the construction method 50 (FIG. 2) of the foundation 10 will be described.

The foundation 10 is, for example, a solid concrete foundation used for a building such as a house. The foundation 10 is formed on the ground where the crushed stone 18 is laid and the waste container 19 is placed. As shown in FIG. 1, the foundation 10 has an end portion in the left-right direction 12 protruding downward. The foundation 10 has a pressure plate 13 and a rising portion 14.

[Pressure board 13]
As shown in FIG. 1, the pressure plate 13 supports a part of the rising portion 14. The pressure plate 13 transmits the load of the building to the ground. The pressure plate 13 is located on the discard capacitor 19. The pressure plate 13 has a substantially flat plate shape in which the upper surface 77 extends along the front-rear direction 11 (an example in the horizontal direction, see FIG. 4) and the left-right direction 12 (an example in the horizontal direction). At the end portion 15 which is the peripheral edge of the pressure plate 13, the thickness of the pressure plate 13 (dimension in the vertical direction 7) is increased by protruding downward.

The side surface 75 extending in the front-rear direction 11 at the end portion 15 is located slightly outside the upper portion 22U of the bar arrangement unit 22 (to the left of the left-right direction 12 in FIG. 1). The side surface 75 has a substantially mountain-valley shape in which the cross section viewed along the front-rear direction 11 in FIG. 1 is uneven in the left-right direction 12. The portion corresponding to the mountain valley-shaped mountain is the outer surface of the convex portion 76 (an example of the protruding portion) of the side surface 75. The convex portion 76 projects laterally (to the left in the left-right direction 12 in FIG. 1) toward the rising portion 14. In the present embodiment, the mountain valley shape is formed by the six convex portions 76 being continuous in the vertical direction 7. The upper part of the side surface 75 is located above the ground level GL. The upper end of the side surface 75 is continuous with the upper surface 77.

Reinforcing bars, hardware, and spacers 78 are embedded in the pressure plate 13. The bar arrangement mainly includes a horizontal bar 21 (an example of the first bar) and a bar arrangement unit 22. The hardware is a bar 74, a width stopper 79, and the like.

The horizontal bar 21 is a bar made of reinforcing bar, and a plurality of horizontal bars 21 are assembled in a mesh shape so as to extend in the front-rear direction 11 and the left-right direction 12, respectively. The horizontal bars 21 are in contact with each other, and the contact points are fixed by wires, clips, or the like. The arrangement of the horizontal streaks 21 is only an example, and other known arrangements may be adopted.

The lower portion of the bar arrangement unit 22 is embedded in the pressure plate 13, and the upper portion is embedded in the rising portion 14. The bar arrangement unit 22 is an integral body in which a plurality of reinforcing bars are welded together. For example, a plurality of bar arrangement units 22 are continuously arranged in the front-rear direction 11 in FIG. The bar arrangement unit 22 is continuous with the horizontal bar 21.

The bar arrangement unit 22 has a vertical bar 23 (an example of a second bar) and a horizontal bar 24. The vertical streaks 23 extend mainly along the vertical direction 7, and the lower portion thereof is bent in the horizontal direction 12 and the like. Specifically, the upper portion 23U of the vertical bar 23 extends in the vertical direction 7 along the side surface of the pressure plate 13. A part of the upper portion 23U is in contact with a portion 21A (see FIG. 3) bent downward at the end of the horizontal bar 21, and these are fixed by a wire, a clip, or the like.

The lower portion 23L of the vertical bar 23 extends in the left-right direction 12 along the lower surface 13A of the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13, is bent diagonally upward along the inclined surface 13B of the end portion 15, and is further bent upward along the inclined surface 13B of the end portion 15. It extends in the left-right direction 12 along the lower surface 13C. The end of the lower portion 23L extending along the left-right direction 12 is in contact with the horizontal streaks 21 extending in the left-right direction 12, and these are fixed by a wire, a clip, or the like.

Four of the plurality of horizontal bars 24 are arranged along the front-rear direction 11 at intervals 7 in the vertical direction in the upper portion 23U of the vertical bars 23. Further, one horizontal bar 24 is arranged at the bent position of the lower portion 23L of the vertical bar 23 with a space between the horizontal bar 24 at the lowest position of the four horizontal bars 24 and the horizontal bar 12 in the left-right direction. Each horizontal bar 24 is welded to the vertical bar 23. Of the five horizontal bars 24, the lower three horizontal bars 24 are embedded in the pressure plate 13. The horizontal bar 24 embedded in the pressure plate 13 is an example of the third bar. The bar arrangement unit 22 is not pre-welded, but may be assembled at the construction site and fixed by a wire, a clip, or the like. Further, the arrangement and shape of the vertical streaks 23 and the horizontal streaks 24 are examples, and other known arrangements and shapes may be adopted.

In the bar 74 (an example of the protruding portion), both ends of the reinforcing bar are bent in a U shape or a crank shape. The center of the bar 74 is arranged along the left-right direction 12. One end of the bar 74 is embedded in the pressure plate 13, and the other end is embedded in the rising portion 14. Three rods 74 are arranged on the side surface 75 of the pressure plate 13 at intervals 7 in the vertical direction. Further, a plurality of sets of the bar members 74 are arranged along the side surface 75 of the pressure plate 13 at regular intervals in the front-rear direction 11 and the left-right direction 12. In the present embodiment, the U-shaped strip and the crank-shaped bar 74 are used, but only the bar 74 having either shape may be used.

The spacer 78 is arranged on the width stopper 79. The spacer 78 supports the bar arrangement unit 22 and performs positioning in the vertical direction 7. The spacer 78 is made of, for example, resin or concrete. The width stopper 79 is placed on the waste container 19 to position the outer form 91 described later in the left-right direction 12. The width stopper 79 is a metal plate that has been bent, and a known shape can be adopted. A plurality of width stoppers 79 are arranged along the side surface 75 of the pressure plate 13 at regular intervals in the front-rear direction 11 and the left-right direction 12.

[Rising part 14]
The rising portion 14 supports the building on the upper surface 14A. The rising portion 14 projects upward from the pressure plate 13. The rising portion 14 is formed along the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13. It should be noted that, on the foundation 10, a rising portion similar to the rising portion 14 is formed on the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13 inside the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13, but detailed description thereof is omitted in the present embodiment. To.

The rising portion 14 is an outer portion 31 located on the outside of the end portion 15 (to the left of the left-right direction 12 in FIG. 1) and an end portion inside the outer portion 31 (to the right of the left-right direction 12 in FIG. 1). It has an inner portion 32 located above the upper surface 77 of 15.

The outer portion 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped vertically elongated in the vertical direction 7 on the outside of the end portion 15. The lower end of the outer portion 31 and the lower end of the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13 are substantially at the same position. The upper end of the outer portion 31 is above the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13 and the ground level GL.

The inner surface 81 of the outer portion 31 is in contact with the side surface 75 of the end portion 15. The boundary between the inner surface 81 and the side surface 75 is a portion constituting the joint mark. The inner surface 81 has a mountain valley shape similar to that of the side surface 75. The mountain valley shape of the inner surface 81 is formed by the outer surface of the convex portion 82. The convex portion 82 of the outer portion 31 and the convex portion 76 of the pressure plate 13 are engaged so as to match each other's mountain and valley shapes. The outer surface 83 of the outer portion 31 constitutes the outer surface of the foundation 10.

The inner portion 32 is a rectangular parallelepiped vertically elongated 7 located above the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13. The lower end (bottom surface 85) of the inner portion 32 is substantially the same as the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13. The boundary between the bottom surface 85 and the top surface 77 constitutes a joint mark. The inner portion 32 covers a part of the upper surface of the pressure plate 13. The upper end of the inner portion 32 is at the same position as the upper end of the outer portion 31, and these upper ends form the upper surface 14A of the rising portion 14 as one surface.

Of the five horizontal bars 24 in the bar arrangement unit 22, the upper two horizontal bars 24 are embedded in the rising portion 14. The horizontal muscle 24 embedded in the rising portion 14 is an example of the fourth muscle.

A width stopper 84 is located between the bottom surface 85 of the inner portion 32 and the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13. The width stopper 84 is a metal plate that has been bent, and a known shape can be adopted. A plurality of width stoppers 84 are arranged along the inner portion 32 at regular intervals in the front-rear direction 11 and the left-right direction 12. Therefore, the width stopper 84 is located in a part between the bottom surface 85 of the inner portion 32 and the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13.

As shown in FIG. 7, the width stopper 84 has a base end portion 84A which is a rectangular flat plate, and standing walls 84B and 84C protruding upward from the base end portion 84A. The standing wall 84B is located at the end of the base end portion 84A, and the standing wall 84C is formed by cutting up a part of the center of the base end portion 84A. In FIG. 7, the width stopper 84 is arranged so that the standing walls 84B and 84C are arranged in the left-right direction 12. The base end portion 84A has an insertion hole 84D formed at the end opposite to the standing wall 84B. A wire 84E is attached to the insertion hole 84D.

[Construction method 50]
Next, the construction method 50 of the foundation 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. The construction method 50 includes a first step 51 to a ninth step 59.

The first step 51 is a step of cutting roots on the land on which a house or the like is to be built, laying crushed stone 18, and placing a waste container 19. The first step 51 may be performed by a known method. In root cutting, for example, the ground is dug to a predetermined dimension below the ground level GL by a hydraulic excavator (not shown). The crushed stone 18 is laid, for example, on land that has been cut down by a hydraulic excavator, and is compacted by a compactor (not shown). The discard container 19 is cast to form a flat surface and a slope, and the flat surface is leveled and flattened. Ink for reinforcing bars and positioning the formwork is transferred to the discarding container 19.

The second step 52 is a step of arranging reinforcements on the waste container 19. The position of the bar arrangement is based on the ink transferred to the discarding container 19. The height of the bar arrangement 7 in the vertical direction is determined by arranging the spacer 78 on the discarding capacitor 19. The second step 52 is an example of the bar arrangement step.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the second step 52, the reinforcing bars including the horizontal bar 21 and the bar arrangement unit 22 are arranged. First, a plurality of width stoppers 79 are arranged on the discarding controller 19. Each width stopper 79 is positioned based on the black ink transferred to the discarding container 19. The width stopper 79 has an insertion hole penetrating in the vertical direction 7 on the central side in the left-right direction 12 from the wall into which the outer form 91 is fitted, and is discarded when a nail is struck from above in the insertion hole. It is fixed at 19.

The third step 53 is a step of arranging the joint plate 34 on the outside of the bar arrangement. The joint plate 34 is formed by bending a metal flat plate into a mountain valley shape (an example of an uneven shape) by press working. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the joint plate 34 has a dimension along the vertical direction 7 longer than the dimension along the vertical direction 7 of the end portion 15. The joint plate 34 has seven convex portions 34A protruding outward along the vertical direction 7 in the installed state. The convex portion 34A has a triangular vertical cross section. A mountain valley shape is formed by seven convex portions 34A. The joint plate 34 may be made of resin. Further, the joint plate 34 may be formed by combining a wooden flat plate and a wooden bar. The joint plate 34 is an example of a joint member.

Eight flat plate portions 34B are located above and below each convex portion 34A. The front and back surfaces of the flat plate portion 34B extend in the vertical direction 7 and the front-rear direction 11. The flat plate portion 34B is formed with an insertion hole 34C (see FIG. 4) penetrating in the left-right direction 12. The insertion holes 34C are formed in the second, fourth and sixth flat plate portions 34B from the top, and are formed in a row in which three are arranged along the vertical direction 7 and in the third, fifth and seventh flat plate portions 34B from the top. Rows in which ones are lined up along the vertical direction 7 are alternately located in the front-rear direction 11.

The joint plate 34 is installed by the metal fittings 35 and 36 and the holding rod 37. The holding rod 37 is attached to the bar arrangement unit 22 by the metal fittings 35 and the metal fittings 36. The metal fitting 35 is formed by bending the right end of a flat plate having the maximum upper and lower surfaces downward. The metal fitting 35 has an insertion hole 35A, a slit 35B, and a wall 35C. A holding rod 37 is inserted through the insertion hole 35A. The vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22 is inserted through the slit 35B. The wall 35C is a downwardly bent portion. The wall 35C is hooked on the horizontal bar 24 of the bar arrangement unit 22 from above. One of the slit 35B and the wall 35C may be used depending on the place of use, and the other may not be used. The metal fitting 35 may be a C-shaped bar.

The metal fitting 36 is formed by bending both left and right ends of a flat plate having the maximum surfaces at the top and bottom. The metal fitting 36 has a base 36A, a wall 36B at the left end, a wall 36C to the right of the center of the base 36A in the left-right direction 12, a wall 36D at the right end, and a recess 36E at the right end of the base 36A. The base 36A has a maximum surface extending along the front-rear direction 11 and the left-right direction 12. The wall 36B is a portion bent downward at the left end of the metal fitting 36. The wall 36B is provided with a notch in the center of the front-rear direction 11, and the holding rod 37 is inserted into the notch, and the peripheral edge of the notch and the holding rod 37 come into contact with each other. The walls 36C and 36D are portions bent downward at the right end of the metal fitting 36. The walls 36C and 36D are hooked from above by the horizontal bars 24 above the metal fittings 35, and the horizontal bars 24 are sandwiched between the walls 36C and 36D. The recess 36E formed by cutting out the center of the base portion 36A in the front-rear direction 11 may come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22. The metal fitting 36 may be a nut to which a thumbscrew and a hook-shaped hook are attached.

The metal fitting 35 holds the holding rod 37 so as not to be separated from the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22. The metal fitting 36 positions the portion of the holding rod 37 above the metal fitting 35 outward by a predetermined dimension from the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22. That is, the metal fitting 36 functions as a spacer between the vertical bar 23 and the holding rod 37. In this way, the holding rod 37 is fixed to the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22.

The holding rod 37 is used to fix the joint plate 34 to the bar arrangement unit 22. The holding rod 37 is a metal rod. The holding rod 37 fixed to the bar arrangement unit 22 by the metal fittings 35 and 36 sandwiches the joint plate 34 with the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22. The lower end of the joint plate 34 is positioned by the width stopper 79.

A plurality of joint plates 34 are continuously formed, for example, along the front-rear direction 11 while the ends thereof are overlapped with each other in the left-right direction 12.

The fourth step 54 is a step of placing concrete to form the pressure plate 13. The concrete is cast inside the joint plate 34. The convex portion 76 is formed on the side surface 75 by allowing the concrete to penetrate to the back side of the convex portion 34A of the joint plate 34 without a gap. A part of the horizontal bar 21 and the bar arrangement unit 22 is embedded in the pressure plate 13. After the concrete is poured, the position of the width stopper 79 is confirmed based on the black ink, and if a deviation occurs, the position is corrected. Each bar 74 is inserted into each insertion hole 34C of the joint plate 34 after the concrete is placed and before the concrete hardens. The fourth step 54 is an example of the first casting step. After the concrete has hardened, the joint plate 34 is removed, and the end portion of the bar 74 protruding from the side surface 75 of the pressure plate 13 is bent upward or downward.

The fifth step 55 is a step of arranging the outer form 91. The outer formwork 91 is arranged by a known method. The outer form 91 is made of metal, for example. The outer form 91 has a flat inner maximum surface and a rectangular outer shape.

As shown in FIG. 5, the lower end of the outer formwork 91 is fitted between two walls located at the ends of the width stopper 79. The plurality of outer formwork 91 are continuously connected by a metal joint, for example, along the front-rear direction 11 in FIG. A flutter angle 92 is attached to the outer surface of the upper part of the outer form 91, and the flutter angle 92 is supported by the supporter 93. As the supporter 93, a known one is used.

The sixth step 56 is a step of arranging the inner formwork 94. As shown in FIG. 6, the inner formwork 94 is arranged on the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13. The inner formwork 94 is made of metal, for example. The inner formwork 94 has a flat maximum surface facing the outer formwork 91 and a rectangular outer shape. The inner formwork 94 is positioned with respect to the width stopper 84.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the length of the wire 84E attached to the width stopper 84 is preset. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the width stopper 84 has two tips of the wire 84E abutting against the inner surface of the outer form 91. As a result, the width stopper 84 is positioned at a position separated from the outer form 91 by a preset dimension with respect to the length of the wire 84E. The width stopper 84 positioned on the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13 is fixed to the vertical bar 23 by winding the wire 84E around the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22.

As shown in FIG. 6, the lower end of the inner formwork 94 is fitted between the standing walls 84B and 84C of the width stopper 84. The upper end of the inner formwork 94 is connected to the upper end of the outer formwork 91 by a connecting tool 95. A part of the bar arrangement unit 22 is located below the connecting tool 95 and between the outer formwork 91 and the inner formwork 94.

The seventh step 57 is a step of placing concrete to form a rising portion 14. The concrete is poured into the space partitioned by the outer formwork 91, the inner formwork 94, the end portion 15, and the waste concrete 19. The outer portion 31 is formed by placing concrete on the outer side of the end portion 15. The convex portion 82 is formed on the inner surface 81 by the concrete entering the convex portion 76 of the side surface 75 without a gap. The outer portion 31 is connected to the end portion 15 with the inner surface 81 and the side surface 75 as joint marks. The inner surface 81 covers the side surface 75.

By flowing concrete onto the upper surface 77, it is formed on the inner portion 32. The inner portion 32 is connected to the end portion 15 with a part of the bottom surface 85 and the upper surface 77 as a joint mark. The upper portion of the bar arrangement unit 22 is embedded in the inner portion 32. The fifth step 55, the sixth step 56, and the seventh step 57 are examples of the second casting step.

The eighth step 58 is a step of removing the outer mold 91 and the inner mold 94. Before the outer formwork 91 is removed, the connector 95, the supporter 93 and the flap angle 92 are removed from the outer formwork 91. After that, the outer form 91 is removed from the width stopper 79 and removed. The inner formwork 94 is removed from the width stopper 84 and removed. The standing wall 84B of the width stopper 84 is cut off from the base end portion 84A and removed. The eighth step 58 is an example of the removal step.

The ninth step 59 is a step of backfilling the soil to the ground level GL on the outside of the foundation 10. As a result, the lower portion of the side surface of the foundation 10 is covered with soil.

[Action and effect of the first embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the outer side portion 31 of the rising portion 14 covers the side surface 75 of the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13 and a part of the upper surface 77, so that a joint mark between the pressure plate 13 and the rising portion 14 is left. It does not appear on the side of the foundation 10.

Further, since the inner portion 32 of the rising portion 14 is located on the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13, the pressure plate 13 also supports the vertical load supported by the rising portion 14. Further, since the lower portion of the bar arrangement unit 22 is embedded in the pressure plate 13, the upward pulling force applied to the rising portion 14 is transmitted to the pressure plate 13.

Further, since the lower portion of the bar arrangement unit 22 is embedded in the pressure plate 13 and the upper portion is embedded in the rising portion 14, when a horizontal force is applied to the foundation 10, the upper surface 77 of the pressure plate 13 and the rising portion 14 are connected. Increases the resistance to the shearing force generated in the joint marks.

Further, since the convex portion 76 of the pressure plate 13 and the convex portion 82 of the rising portion 14 are engaged with each other, the shearing force in the vertical direction 7 at the joint mark between the side surface 75 of the pressure plate 13 and the rising portion 14 is applied. Increases the bearing capacity of.

[Second Embodiment]
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, a foundation 100 and a construction method 150 in which a wire mesh 134 is used instead of the joint plate 34 will be described. Since the members having the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment in the second embodiment have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[Basic 100]
As shown in FIG. 8, a part of the wire mesh 134 is embedded in the pressure plate 13 along the side surface 75. The wire mesh 134 extends in the vertical direction 7 and the front-rear direction 11 along the side surface 75. The wire mesh 134 is fixed to the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22 by, for example, a binding tool 139. The side surface 75 has a convex portion 176 protruding from the wire mesh 134 in the left-right direction 12. The convex portion 176 is an example of a protruding portion.

The upper portion of the wire mesh 134 is embedded in the rising portion 14. The inner surface 81 of the outer portion 31 of the rising portion 14 is formed with irregularities according to the shapes of the convex portion 176 and the wire mesh 134. The inner surface 81 abuts on the convex portion 176 or the wire mesh 134 without a gap due to the formation of the unevenness. The outer portion 31 and the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13 are connected to each other with the inner surface 81 and the side surface 75 as joint marks.

[Construction method 150]
Next, the construction method 150 according to the modified example will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. In the construction method 150 according to the modified example, the third step 153, the fourth step 154, and the fifth step 155 are different from those of the first embodiment.

In the third step 153, the wire mesh 134 is arranged on the outside of the bar arrangement unit 22. The lower end is placed on the width stopper 79 and fixed to the vertical bar 23 of the bar arrangement unit 22 by the binding tool 139. The bar 74 is appropriately inserted into the opening of the fixed wire mesh 134.

In the fourth step 154, when the concrete is poured inside the wire mesh 134, the concrete is dammed by the wire mesh 134, and a part of the concrete bulges laterally from the opening of the wire mesh 134 to form a convex portion 176. ..

In the fifth step 155, the outer form 91 is arranged without removing the wire mesh 134.

[Action and effect of the second embodiment]
According to the second embodiment, the same action and effect as those of the first embodiment are exhibited. Further, by placing concrete using the wire mesh 134, the convex portion 176 is formed on the side surface 75 of the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13.

[Modification example]
In the above embodiment, the side surface 75 of the end portion 15 of the pressure plate 13 is located inside the inner surface 81 of the outer portion 31 of the rising portion 14, but the end portion 15 is located on the side surface of the foundation 10 below the ground level GL. A part may be configured.

In the first embodiment, the joint plate 34 is removed in the fifth step 55, but the joint plate 34 may be embedded in the foundation 10 without being removed. Further, the joint plate 34 does not have the convex portion 34A, and both surfaces facing the left-right direction 12 may be flat. Further, the shape of the convex portion 34A does not have to be triangular, and may be, for example, a hemispherical shape. Further, the bar material 74 may not be used. Further, the concrete may be inserted into each of the insertion holes 34C of the joint plate 34 before the concrete is placed in the fourth step 54.

10 ... Foundation 11 ... Front-back direction (an example of horizontal direction)
12 ... Left-right direction (an example of horizontal direction)
13 ... Pressure plate 14 ... Rising part 21 ... Horizontal streaks (an example of the first streak)
23 ... Vertical muscle (an example of the second muscle)
24 ... Horizontal muscle (an example of the 3rd or 4th muscle)
34 ... Joint plate (an example of joint member)
74 ... Bar material (example of protruding part)
75 ... Side surface 76 ... Convex part (example of protruding part)
77 ... Top surface 91 ... Outer formwork 94 ... Inner formwork 134 ... Wire mesh (example of joint member)

Claims (10)

A concrete pressure plate in which the lower part of the first bar extending in the horizontal direction and the second bar extending in the vertical direction continuous with the first bar is embedded.
The upper part of the second bar extending upward from the pressure plate is embedded, covering the side surface of the pressure plate and a part of the upper surface continuous with the side surface, and the concrete rising extending upward from the pressure plate. It has a department and
The pressure plate and the rising portion are foundations in which the side surface and a part of the upper surface are connected as a joint mark. The foundation according to claim 1, wherein the pressure plate has a protrusion that projects laterally from the side surface toward the rising portion. The basis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure plate has a wire mesh provided along the side surface. The protruding portion is a bar material embedded in the pressure plate.
The basis according to claim 2, wherein a part of the bar is embedded in the rising portion. The third muscle, which is connected to the lower part of the second muscle and extends in the horizontal direction,
It is connected to the upper part of the second muscle and further includes a fourth muscle extending in the horizontal direction.
The third bar is embedded in the pressure plate.
The fourth line is the basis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is embedded in the rising portion. A bar arrangement process that connects the first bar extending in the horizontal direction and the lower part of the second bar extending in the vertical direction,
With the first placing step of forming a pressure plate in which the lower part of the first bar and the second bar is embedded by arranging a joint member on the outside of the lower part of the second bar and placing concrete. ,
The joint member is removed, the outer formwork is placed outside the side surface of the pressure plate, the inner formwork is placed on the upper surface of the pressure plate, and the upper part of the second bar is the outer formwork. The upper part of the second bar is embedded by placing concrete so as to be located between the inner form and the inner formwork, and covers the side surface of the pressure plate and a part of the upper surface continuous with the side surface. The second casting step of forming the rising portion extending upward of the pressure plate and
A foundation construction method including a removal step of removing the outer formwork and the inner formwork. The foundation construction method according to claim 6, wherein after arranging the outer formwork, the positioning material is arranged with the outer formwork as a reference, and the inner formwork is arranged along the positioning material. The foundation construction method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the joint member is a plate having an uneven shape, and the uneven shape is arranged so as to face the horizontal direction. The foundation construction method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the joint member is a wire mesh. A bar material penetrating the joint member is arranged together with the joint member, and the rod material is arranged.
In the first placing step, a part of the bar material is embedded in the pressure plate.
The method for constructing a foundation according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in the second placing step, another part of the rod material is embedded in the rising portion.

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