JP2022001114A - Bedsore prevention device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a bedsore prevention device that can effectively prevent the occurrence of bedsore without depending on various postures over a long time when in use as a wheelchair, and provide the device to improve the mild bedsore.SOLUTION: A bedsore prevention device 10 is installed in a wheelchair and is used. The bedsore prevention device is installed so that a main body 1 formed of a vertically long elastic sheet being substantially rectangular and capable of being freely displaced may be bent from a bent part being a middle part and formed in a substantially L-shape of a longitudinal section comprising a sheet part 1A and a back sheet part 1B, and also the sheet part 1A may be laid in a seat part of the wheelchair and the back sheet part 1B may be brought into abutment with a backrest part of the wheelchair.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a pressure ulcer prevention device laid and used on a wheelchair or the like.

Bedridden patients are often forced into the same position, which tends to concentrate the load on specific areas, which can lead to pressure sores, so-called bedsores. Such a problem also occurs when using a wheelchair, and is similarly a problem. Furthermore, in recent years, there has been a tendency to move bedridden patients out of bed and place them in different surrounding environments to improve cognitive function, and wheelchairs are often used in such cases.

By the way, as a tool for preventing or improving pressure ulcers of bedridden patients who have difficulty in changing their posture and are forced to take the same posture, an air-filled air mat and a cushion with a recess in a predetermined place have been developed. Has been done.

Many of these bedsore prevention tools are configured to disperse pressure so that local pressure is not generated in areas where bedsores are likely to occur. However, if these bedsore prevention tools are used as they are for wheelchairs, there are the following problems.

That is, in the air-filled air mat, the portion to which the load is applied is displaced according to the amount of air filled, so that the required effect may not be obtained. For example, when using this for a wheelchair, if the amount of air injected is small, the air mat may be deformed into various shapes due to the weight of the seated person, causing the buttocks and the like to come into direct contact with the seat surface and cause pressure ulcers. There is. On the other hand, if the amount of air injected is appropriate, the buttocks can be sufficiently held by this air mat, and there is no problem in that respect. However, there is a risk that the reaction force against the load will concentrate and act on other parts, such as the back and shoulders, which are off the air mat, and obstruct blood flow to cause pressure ulcers.

In this way, when an air-filled air mat is used for a wheelchair, the load point acting on the seater changes depending on the amount of air injected, so the amount of air injected must be adjusted each time it is used. It is not easy to use and has poor durability, and when used on an airplane, there is a problem that the air mat does not function properly due to atmospheric pressure fluctuations.

Further, when a cushion having a concave shape is used in a wheelchair, most of the load acting on the seated person is received by the buttocks, but the concave portion is often arranged substantially in the center of the seat such as a wheelchair. So it seems that pressure ulcers can be avoided. However, a wheelchair is generally configured so that the backrest portion is inclined backward.

For this reason, when a cushion with a concave shape is used for a wheelchair, most of the (normal) drag as a reaction force to the load of the seated person not only acts on the buttocks but also (vertical) as a reaction force due to the load. ) Some drag works on the back. That is, since the (normal) drag force, which is the reaction force caused by the load, is dispersed in these two places, the load on the buttocks can be reduced. However, due to the reaction force from the backrest portion inclined backward, a displacement force toward the front of the seat portion with respect to the buttocks is also generated.

That is, while sitting in a wheelchair, it usually leans against the backrest with a part of the body weight. Therefore, when a cushion with a concave shape is used for a wheelchair and the load applied to the buttocks is distributed to the backrest side, the buttocks that come into contact with the cushion on the seat surface side are displaced due to the forward rotation moment. This is because a force is generated, and this displacement force causes a displacement between the skin surface side and the deep skin side or the muscle side inside the skin, thereby causing a pressure ulcer.

On the other hand, apart from such a device, a pressure ulcer prevention device for bedridden patients and the like has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). That is, in Patent Document 1, pressure ulcers are prevented by arranging receiving pads having a substantially concave cross section on the left and right facing each other and placing the buttocks and thighs on the receiving pads.

Jitsuto No. 3094169 Gazette

However, the bed sore prevention tool described in Patent Document 1 is made as a tool for a user in a lying posture such as a bedridden patient, and is inconvenient as a pressure sore prevention tool particularly when used in a wheelchair or the like. In addition, even when used in the supine position, this bed sore prevention device supports the buttocks and the like in the supine position away from the mattress, so that other parts are located in the lower stage. On the contrary, the body pressure is amplified and it becomes difficult to prevent pressure ulcers.

By the way, according to the Japanese Society of Pressure ^{Ulcers and other research reports, if the body pressure at 1 cm 2} is 30 mmhg or less, the risk of pressure ulcer development is reduced, and the displacement force of the part where the body pressure is applied is reduced. It is said that pressure ulcers can be avoided if these three conditions are implemented by improving the moistness near the site of frequent occurrence.

Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, the present invention can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers even when used as a wheelchair for a long period of time, and also effectively functions for improving mild pressure ulcers. It provides a device for preventing pressure ulcers.

The first aspect of the present invention is a pressure ulcer prevention tool laid on a wheelchair or the like, in which a main body formed of a vertically long substantially rectangular displaceable elastic sheet is bent in the middle to form a seat portion. A pressure ulcer prevention characterized by forming a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section consisting of a back seat portion and laying the seat portion on a seat portion such as a wheelchair, and laying the back seat portion on a backrest portion such as a wheelchair. It is a tool.

Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, the seat portion of the main body forms a wall-thick portion having an inclined surface gradually increasing in thickness toward the lower end of the seat portion, and a vertical groove-shaped recess is formed between the seat portions. Is what forms.

Further, the third aspect of the present invention is to have raised portions on both sides of the seat portion and the back seat portion of the main body, which are raised toward the side edges.

Further, in a fourth aspect of the present invention, the seat portion and the back seat portion of the main body have a recess that vertically traverses the seat portion and the back seat portion in the central portion in the width direction of the main body.

The present invention is a pressure ulcer prevention tool laid on a wheelchair or the like, and the main body formed of a vertically long, substantially rectangular, displaceable elastic sheet is bent from a bent portion in the middle to form a seat portion. The back seat portion is formed into a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section, and the seat portion is laid on a seat portion of a wheelchair or the like, and the back seat portion is laid on a backrest portion of a wheelchair or the like. For this reason, the seat and back seats of the main body, which have elastic force, receive and disperse the load in a wide area of the seated person's body such as the buttocks and thighs including the coccyx and sacrum, and absorb the load. This prevents the load from being locally concentrated in one place. That is, the main body formed of the elastic sheet is deformed at the time of sitting, and the occurrence of pressure ulcers is effectively prevented between the buttocks and thighs of the seated person and the seat part, and between the back and the back seat part. be able to. Moreover, since it receives the coccyx / sacrum and the back of the humpback, which are the most common sites for pressure ulcers, the contact area between the main body and the seated person is increased and the load is widely dispersed, effectively preventing the occurrence of pressure ulcers. can do.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the seat portion of the main body has a wall-thick portion having an inclined surface that gradually becomes thick toward the lower end of the seat portion, and a vertical groove-shaped recess is formed between the seat portions. The thighs that come into contact with the body are in a posture (likely) that gradually tilts backward toward the bent portion of the main body. As a result, in the seat portion on the side of the pressure ulcer prevention device laid on the seat portion of a wheelchair or the like, the buttocks of the seated person can be stably held at the lowest bent portion connected to the seat portion. As a result, the buttocks are stable at the lowest position, so the legs and buttocks are also stably held, and when running in a wheelchair, the legs and buttocks are displaced from the seat, causing pressure ulcers. You can avoid troubles.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the seat portion and the back seat portion of the main body have raised portions that are raised toward the side edges, for example, due to the influence of the road surface condition while moving in a wheelchair. Even if the wheelchair is tilted to the left or right, the ridges on both sides hold the seat firmly from the side. As a result, the impact on the seated person when the wheelchair swings from side to side is effectively absorbed or damped from the side. In addition, even if the wheelchair tilts to the left or right, the raised portion prevents the seated person from tilting along with it, so that the posture can be maintained stably.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the seat portion of the main body has a recess that vertically traverses the seat portion in the center in the width direction of the main body. It does not come into direct contact with the central part of the seat part, and it is possible to reduce the occurrence of pressure ulcers in these parts due to body pressure, shaking or vibration during sitting. Similarly, since the back seat portion of the main body also has a recess that vertically traverses the recess in the center in the width direction, the back portions (thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae) of the circular back and the humpback and the central portion of the back seat are directly connected to each other. It is possible to reduce the occurrence of pressure ulcers in these areas due to shaking or vibration of a wheelchair or the like without contact. In addition, air flow can be formed between the back and seat of the coccyx, sacrum, and hunchback, and between the back and back seat through the recesses, thus ensuring ventilation. can. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a moist state between the back and the main body of the coccyx, the sacrum and the hunchback, and between the back and the main body, and the pressure ulcer associated with the moisture in such a part. Can also be avoided. That is, the genital area remains moist due to incontinence and sweating, the skin of the elderly caregiver becomes softened, and the occurrence of pressure ulcers increases significantly, but the environment also improves.

It is a side view which shows the wheelchair which attached the pressure ulcer prevention tool which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a perspective view showing the pressure ulcer prevention device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. (A) is a plan view showing a state when it is unfolded immediately before forming the pressure ulcer prevention device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (a') is another according to the first embodiment of the present invention. A plan view showing a pressure ulcer preventive device in an example, (b) is a sectional view taken along line BB in the figure (a). It is a side view which shows the wheelchair which attached the pressure ulcer prevention tool in the other embodiment which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the pressure ulcer prevention device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and the attachment device which attaches it to the car seat. It is a perspective view which shows the mounting device. It is a perspective view which shows the cover to be attached to the pressure ulcer prevention device which concerns on this invention.

The gist of the present invention is a pressure ulcer prevention tool installed on a wheelchair, in which a main body formed of a vertically long, substantially rectangular, displaceable elastic sheet is bent from a middle portion to form a seat portion and a back seat portion. It is formed in a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section, and is laid in a state of being in contact with the seat portion and the back seat portion of the wheelchair.

The decubitus ulcer prevention device and the attachment device for the decubitus ulcer prevention device having the above configuration will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

(First Embodiment)
1 and 2 show the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 of the present embodiment is provided on the wheelchair 100, and the main body 1 of the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 is bent from the bent portion 2 which is the middle portion thereof, and has a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section. ing. Further, the surface side of the main body 1 is provided with a raised portion 3, a thickened portion 4, and a concave portion 5.

The main body 1 is formed of a displaceable elastic sheet having a predetermined elastic force, and has a vertically long rectangular shape. In particular, the main body 1 of the present embodiment is formed by using a sheet-shaped base material such as latex, which will be described later, and the main body 1 is formed by bending such a sheet-shaped base material into a substantially L-shaped cross section. Is forming. Incidentally, this bending angle α is preferably 90 degrees as shown in FIG.

As described above, in the main body 1 of the present embodiment, foam rubber (porous rubber) formed from latex as a raw material is used, and this latex is generally a colloidal aqueous dispersion such as rubber. It is roughly classified into natural rubber latex and synthetic rubber latex. The foam rubber is, for example, a natural latex obtained by solidifying the sap of a rubber tree (milky white and viscous) containing 35-50% of a rubber component as it is, and SBR (for example, SBR produced by an emulsion polymerization method). It can be formed by mixing with synthetic rubber latex such as Styrene-butadiene rubber) and chloroprene rubber ((polychloroprene) and vulcanizing it.

As the main body of the elastic sheet that can be displaced according to the present invention, in addition to the foam rubber formed of the above-mentioned latex or the like, an elastic foam resin or the like is used and injection molded by a predetermined mold. It may be formed into a sheet shape, or it may be made of a low-resilience foam. This low-resilience foam is a kind of soft urethane foam, which is designed with a special molecular structure to suppress "elasticity" and increase "flexibility", and is a shock-absorbing foam with a large hysteresis loss rate. It also has the characteristics of. This low resilience foam has the property of slowly returning to its original state when bubbles communicate and compress and then remove the external force, and the rebound resilience rate is very small, about 15% or less, compared to general foam. have. Therefore, this relatively soft foam not only feels good, but also has less local pressure and disperses body pressure throughout, which is effective in preventing blood flow obstruction and floor rubbing. A material that disperses body pressure to 30 mmhg or less per ^{1 cm 2} is a condition for a value that causes less local pressure, that is, a value that can avoid the occurrence of pressure ulcers.

Although latex and soft urethane foam have been taken up and described as the main body material of the elastic sheet that can be freely displaced according to the present invention, other materials may have elasticity equal to or higher than that of latex and flexible urethane foam. However, the part where the load of body pressure is the highest (for example, the thick parts on the left and right in FIG. 2) may be an air-filled air mat, and the other parts may be the elastic body. The shape of the invention may be all composed of an air-filled air mat.

Further, the main body 1 of the present embodiment is roughly composed of a seat portion 1A and a back seat portion 1B with the bent portion 2 as a boundary, and the seat portion 1A is laid on the seat portion of the wheelchair 100. The backseat portion 1B is installed on the backrest portion of the wheelchair 100 and brought into contact with the wheelchair 100. When laying the seat portion 1A and the back seat portion 1B on the wheelchair 100, the details will be described later, but they are attached via the hook-and-loop fasteners 11 and 11'so that they cannot be easily removed from the wheelchair 100. It has become.

In the case of a standard type wheelchair, the middle portion of the main body 1 which is the bent portion 2 is set at or near the center of the main body 1 in the vertical direction. In order to easily and surely form the bent portion 2, the main body 1 is provided with a groove portion 21 cut out in a substantially V shape in advance so as to cross the main body 1. The seat portion 1A and the back seat portion 1B are formed by bending the main body 1 at an angle of approximately 90 degrees from the groove portion 21. By providing the recess 21 in the middle of the main body 1, not only the bending work can be easily performed, but also a surplus is generated when the main body 1 is bent from the recess 21, and the bent portion is formed. It is also possible to prevent inconveniences such as wrinkles, sagging, and pulling in 2.

As described above, the bent portion 2 is formed by bending a sheet-shaped base material (see FIGS. 2 and 3) which is obtained by molding from latex in advance and later becomes the main body 1, and has a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section. Is formed in. In order to prevent the main body 1 from returning to the original flat sheet shape due to the restoring force after being bent in this way and bent into a substantially L-shape, the bent portion 2 of the present embodiment is bent. In order to maintain the state as it is, the groove portions 21 on the sheet portion 1A side and the back sheet portion 1B side are adhered and fixed with an appropriate adhesive.

As a mode of use of the pressure ulcer prevention device of the present invention, for example, in consideration of storability and the like, when it is not normally used, it is made thin in a flat state and stored in a narrow gap, etc., and each time it is used, L You may make it bend into a character shape. Further, the pressure ulcer prevention tool of the present invention is formed as an integrally molded product having a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section by bending the middle part of the main body from the beginning by using an appropriate mold having a substantially L-shaped cavity. Alternatively, the sheet portion side and the back sheet portion side may be molded separately and then integrally adhered to each other.

In addition, on the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 side, in order to prevent troubles such as the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 coming off from the wheelchair 100 during use, a plurality of hook-and-loop fasteners 11 are appropriately adhered at predetermined positions on the back surface of the main body 1. It is fixed with an agent or the like. Alternatively, the pressure ulcer prevention device 10 may be covered with a cover, and a string or belt may be passed through the cover and tied to the wheelchair 100 to be fixed.

On the other hand, on the wheelchair 100 side, if the sheet material itself constituting the seat portion and the backrest portion is formed of an appropriate cloth or the like that can be bonded to the surface fastener 11 on the side of the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10, the surface fastener is attached again. There is no need. When the sheet material itself is made of a highly smooth resin or the like, it is necessary to attach the hook-and-loop fastener 11'to the corresponding position on the wheelchair 100 side by fixing it with an adhesive.

The both-side inclined portions 3 are installed in both the both-side end 1C of the main body 1 and its vicinity in both the seat portion 1A and the back seat portion 1B of the main body 1, and have a unique shape that gradually rises toward each side end 1C. It is composed of slopes. Specifically, at the side end 1C of the seat portion of the side inclined portions 3 on both sides, a unique shape as shown in FIG. 3 (b), that is, a shape having a large inclination such as a top rising upward. In other words, it has a shape that is close to the wall surface, and even if the seated person's body is greatly tilted to the left or right, this shape can firmly support it.

In this way, by forming the inclined portions 3 on both sides into a unique shape, when the seated person on the wheelchair 100 swings to the left or right while sitting, or when the seated person tilts to the left or right on an inclined road surface or the like. The seated person's body can be held from the side. Therefore, the bilateral inclined portions 3 may be configured not to be in contact with the side surfaces of the thighs and buttocks of the seated person in a traveling state on a flat road surface or the like, but when traveling on a flat road surface, they may be configured. However, it may be configured to be in close contact with the side surface of the thigh or buttocks of the seated person. Even if the structure is in close contact with each other, the contact points do not make point contact or surface contact with one place, so that the occurrence of pressure ulcer can be prevented.

The wall thickness portion 4 forms an inclined surface by gradually increasing the wall thickness toward the lower end surface 6 of the sheet portion 1A. If the inclined surface obtained by forming such a thick portion 4 is not such an inclined surface, the seat portion 1A laid on the seat portion touches the seat portion 1A when the wheelchair 100 is seated. The posture of the thighs and buttocks of the seated person tends toward the horizontal plane. In this case, especially when traveling on a downhill, the body tends to lean forward toward the forward direction. Then, due to the action of gravity, a force that tends to move in the direction of the toes is generated in the thighs and buttocks, which may drag the buttocks in the same direction. As a result, due to this dragging motion, a frictional force in the opposite direction is also generated at the same site as a reaction, and the dragging motion and frictional force of the skin cause a pulling action between the skin and the dermis and muscles inside the skin. May occur.

Therefore, in order to prevent this, in other words, to prevent the thighs and buttocks from slipping forward when traveling in the wheelchair 100, that is, the thighs and buttocks head in the direction opposite to the front direction. To do so.

In the present embodiment, the inclined surface β is set to a gentle acute angle, for example, about 10 to 30 degrees when viewed in a vertical cross section, but the present invention is not limited to this angle, of course.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the angle formed by the inclined surface of the thick portion 4 and the lower end surface 6 connecting the lower end 41 of the thick portion 4 and the lower end 1D of the main body 1 is a substantially right angle. It is formed to be. That is, this is a natural state in which when the seated person of the wheelchair 100 bends his / her legs and sits on the seat portion 1A, the bending angle of the seated person's legs is usually around 90 degrees. The angle is taken into consideration, but of course it is not limited to this angle.

Therefore, the angle formed by the lower end surface 6 and the back surface of the main body 1 is not vertical. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2B, the angle formed by the lower end surface 6 and the back surface of the main body 1 is γ. (Rad) is
γ = (π / 2)-{(π / 4) + β}
= (Π / 4) -β
However, since the tilt angle β is at least 0 <β <4 / π, the angle γ is inevitably an acute angle of less than π / 4 (that is, 90 degrees).

Further, the recess 5 formed in the center of the width direction is formed in both the seat portion 1A and the back seat portion 1B of the main body 1, so as to vertically traverse the center portion of the width of the main body 1. It is designed to avoid contact with the spine in the central part of the back side and the coccyx / sacrum in the central part of the buttocks side when sitting.

The width of the recess 5 of the present embodiment is constant over the entire length, but the width thereof is not particularly limited. For example, in FIG. 3A, the recess width W _{1 on the seat portion 1A side may be wide and the recess width W 2} on the back seat portion 1B side may be narrow. That is, the recess 5 on the seat portion 1A side may be widened in response to the improvement of the wet state of the genital portion, while the recess 5 on the back seat portion 1B may be narrowed because the state is minor.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, since the recess 5 on the seat portion 1A side serves as a receiving portion for the coccyx, the sacrum, etc., the depth D ₁ is formed deeper and the back seat portion 1B is used. _{The depth D 2} of the recess 5 is formed to be slightly shallower according to the spine, but these depths may be the same depending on the physique and characteristic body of the seated person. The reverse is also possible.

Further, in the present embodiment, the back seat portion 1B side, which is the upper part of the surface of the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10, has a back contact surface 7 having a unique shape so as to be able to abut according to the outer shape of the back. That is, since the back contact surface 7 forms a curved surface having a unique shape that imitates the outer surface shape of the back with respect to the back in this way, the contact points do not concentrate at one place. Therefore, even if the seated person leans against the back seat portion 1B and the back is tilted backward, the entire back surface can be in contact with the back contact surface 7 in a substantially even state, and the contact area can be increased. , The load can be distributed. As a result, even on the back forehead 7, it is possible to prevent the seated person from causing pressure ulcers when sitting for a long time.

The structure of the main body 1 described above is a pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 used for a standard type wheelchair. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3A, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10'used for the reclining type wheelchair does not have a bent portion 2 and is central, unlike the main body 1 for the standard type wheelchair. The recess 5 is formed in the entire flat shape. As shown in Fig. 4, the reclining type wheelchair is used for the standard type wheelchair because the bending part angle is approximately 120 ° and it also functions as an emergency stretcher. The bent part and the bent part are not processed, and a flat structure is formed from the seat part to the back seat part. Even if it has a flat structure, it has the aspects described in the first to third aspects of the present invention. Further, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 of any of the main bodies 1 has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 3 (b). That is, such a cross-sectional shape is common to both the main body 1 for a standard type wheelchair and the main body 1 for a reclining type wheelchair, and the concave portion 4 is usually made substantially flat without being concave before use. When seated in 1, the body pressure of the thigh and buttocks is applied, and the body pressure area becomes large. That is, when the body is seated and fitted to the body, the larger the body pressure area is, the more the body pressure is dispersed and the body pressure stress is not concentrated at once, so that pressure ulcers are prevented as much as possible. For the optimum body pressure, use a material with a pressure of 30 mmhg or less per ^{1 cm 2.}

Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the pressure ulcer prevention device 10 is firmly attached to the wheelchair 100 via the hook-and-loop fastener 11 and the string attached to the cover, and the belt, for example, when sudden braking is applied. It is possible to prevent the pressure ulcer prevention device 10 from being separated from the wheelchair 100 by the inertial force, and the seated person being pushed forward from the wheelchair 100 together with the pressure ulcer prevention device 10 and jumping out.

Further, in the pressure ulcer prevention device 10 of the present embodiment, when the seat side of the wheelchair 100 is oriented in a substantially horizontal direction while moving in the wheelchair 100, the upper surface of the seat portion 1A has a wall thickness portion 4. As a result, the thigh side of the seated person descends backward toward the buttocks. As a result, the buttocks are firmly held and settled at the bent portion 1C on the lower end side of the back seat portion 1B and are supported, so that the buttock portion is gravitationally stable. As a result, it is possible to prevent the thighs from shifting back and forth on the seat portion 1A and causing pressure ulcers while moving in the wheelchair 100.

Further, in the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 of the present embodiment, the angle formed by the inclined surface which is the surface of the thick portion 4 of the main body 1 and the lower end surface 6 of the main body 1 extending from this to the lower end 1D is substantially a right angle. Therefore, the seated person can keep the legs bent in a natural state without being forced into an unreasonable posture with respect to the legs. As a result, even if the person wears the wheelchair 100 for a long time, the burden on the legs of the seated person is small, and the fatigue can be reduced accordingly.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the pressure ulcer prevention device 10 is provided with the recess 5 in the central portion in the width direction, it is possible to avoid the spine from being compressed, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of pressure ulcers in this portion. At the same time, due to the presence of the recess 5, it is easy to form a gap due to the recess 5 in the central portion such as the back and buttocks of the user, so that an air flow is formed through this gap and a wet state due to sweat emitted to the outside of the body. It will be easier to be released from. Since moistening due to sweating, incontinence, etc. acts catalytically on the development of pressure ulcers, the generation of pressure ulcers caused by the catalyst can be avoided.

Further, in the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 of the present embodiment, since the main body 1 is composed of a displaceable elastic sheet, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 can be easily and freely deformed by the pressing force of the seated person's own weight. In particular, in the present embodiment in which the main body 1 is made of foam rubber (porous rubber) made of latex as a raw material, it can be deformed into an optimum shape according to each seated person's body shape. As a result, it is possible to prevent the pressure from being locally concentrated only in a specific part of the body, so that it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers associated with the use of the wheelchair 100 even for seated persons of various body shapes. can. In particular, it is effective in preventing pressure ulcers caused by contact of the coccyx / sacrum and ischium with the seating surface.

(Second embodiment)
Next, the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state when the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is installed on a seat 200 for an automobile. Further, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a cover 60 to be attached to the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 used in the first embodiment is attached to the sheet 200, but the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 may not have the same configuration as the first embodiment. However, even in that case, it is necessary to attach a hook-and-loop fastener to the back surface of the main body of the pressure ulcer prevention device. The pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 must have a thickness that does not interfere with the driving operation of the automobile.

As shown in FIG. 5, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 of the second embodiment is attached to the seat 200 for an automobile by using a dedicated attachment device 50. While the mounting device 50 is provided with the hook-and-loop fastener 52 described later, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 also has the hook-and-loop fastener 11 fixed to the back surface of the main body 1 as described in the first embodiment. ..

The mounting device 50 is a strip-shaped substrate 51 made of an appropriate material that is thin but has the required strength and is flexible at two positions facing the surface fastener 11 on the pressure ulcer prevention device 10 side. The fastener 52 is provided, for example, by sewing or firmly fixing with an adhesive.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the substrate 51 is wound around both the seat portion and the backrest portion of the automobile seat 200 so as not to be firmly disengaged, so that both ends are also the first surface for tightening. A fastener 53A and a second surface fastener 53B are provided.

The first hook-and-loop fastener 53A is installed on the back surface of the substrate 51, and has a margin in the length direction in consideration of the case where the width and thickness of the automobile seat 200 are different depending on each manufacturer. It is formed to a length L _1. On the other hand, the second surface fastener 53B, since it is sufficient ensure long enough firmly be attached to the first surface fastener 53A, shorter than the first touch fastener 53A on the surface of the substrate 51, is formed to a length L ₂ ..

Further, in the present embodiment, if only the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 is installed on the vehicle seat 200 in a bare state, the appearance is not good. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, it may be attached according to the user's preference. A cover 60 that can be replaced is also available. The cover 60 can be easily attached by covering the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 from the surface side.

That is, the cover 60 is formed in a bag shape in which the main body 61 portion is made of an appropriate material that is as slippery as possible and one side is greatly opened. Further, on one side of the opening of the main body 61, an elastic rubber string 62 or the like is sewn and attached so as to surround the entire peripheral edge portion thereof. Therefore, the cover 60 can be firmly adhered to the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 simply by covering it from the front side.

Further, a tightening body 63 made of a wide rubber or the like is attached to the center of the opening portion of the main body 61, and once it is covered with the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10, it cannot be removed during use. There is. When the cover 60 is put on the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10, the opening portion is located on the back surface of the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10, so that the hook-and-loop fastener 11 on the side of the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 remains exposed and the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 is used. The side surface fastener 11 and the surface fastener 52 on the seat side of the vehicle seat can be combined.

This cover 60 may not be necessary so much when used in a wheelchair 100, but when installed on a seat in a general vehicle such as a passenger car, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 is attached to the seat in a bare state in the vehicle. If this is the case, there is a risk of causing a sense of discomfort when viewed from the outside. Therefore, by attaching the cover 60, it is possible to bring about an aesthetic appearance.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, two mounting devices 50 are used as shown in FIG. 5, and as shown in FIG. 6, the first and second surface fasteners 53A and 53B provided in each mounting device 50 are connected to each other. By overlapping, laminating and joining, the mounting device 50 can be wound around both the seat portion and the backrest portion of the automobile seat 200. After that, the surface fasteners 11 on the side of the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 are attached to and bonded to the surface fasteners 52 provided on both the seat portion and the backrest portion of the automobile seat 200, respectively, so that the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 is attached to the automobile seat 200. Is easy to attach.

According to the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 attached to the automobile seat 200 via the attachment device 50 in this way, the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 is subject to front-back and left-right vibrations and the like as in the case of being installed in the wheelchair 100 of the first embodiment. Firmly supports the seated person. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of pressure ulcers even after riding for a long time. Moreover, the attachment device 50 and the pressure ulcer prevention tool 10 used in the present embodiment do not have a shape that hinders the attachment of a seatbelt to be worn while the vehicle is running. Therefore, even when used on a highway or the like, not only can the seated person be safely protected during high-speed driving, but also pressure ulcers can be effectively prevented.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but is disclosed in the configurations in which the configurations disclosed in the above-described embodiments are mutually replaced or the combinations are changed, known inventions, and the above-mentioned embodiments. It also includes configurations in which the configurations are replaced with each other or the combinations are changed. Further, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but extends to the matters described in the claims and their equivalents.

1 Main body 1A Seat part 1B Back seat part 1C Side end 1D Lower end 2 Folded part 3 Raised part 4 Thick part 5 Recessed part 6 End surface 10 Decubitus prevention tool 11 (one side) surface Fastener 21 Groove part 50 Mounting device 51 Base (fixed) means)
52 (the other side) hook-and-loop fastener 53A 1st hook-and-loop fastener 53B 2nd hook-and-loop fastener 60 Cover 61 Main body 62 Elastic cord 63 Tightening body 100 Wheelchair 200 Automotive seat

The first aspect of the present invention is a pressure ulcer prevention tool laid on a wheelchair or the like, in which a main body formed of a vertically long substantially rectangular displaceable elastic sheet is bent in the middle to form a seat portion. It is formed in a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section consisting of a back seat portion, and the seat portion and the back seat portion have a recess in the central portion in the width direction of the main body, which vertically traverses from the lower end of the seat portion to the upper end of the back seat portion. The pressure ulcer prevention device is characterized in that the seat portion is laid on a seat portion of a wheelchair or the like, and the back seat portion is laid on a backrest portion of a wheelchair or the like.

Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, the seat portion of the main body forms an inclined surface whose thickness gradually increases from the back surface to the front surface facing the seat portion from the upper end to the lower end of the seat portion. A thick portion is formed, and a vertical groove-shaped recess is formed between the thick portions.

The present invention is a pressure ulcer prevention tool laid on a wheelchair or the like, and the main body formed of a vertically long, substantially rectangular, displaceable elastic sheet is bent from a bent portion in the middle to form a seat portion. The seat portion and the back seat portion are formed in a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section consisting of the back seat portion and the back seat portion, and the seat portion and the back seat portion have a recess in the central portion in the width direction of the main body, which vertically traverses from the lower end of the seat portion to the upper end of the back seat portion. and, while laying the seat on the seat of the wheelchair, and laying the back sheet portion to the back portion of the wheelchair. For this reason, the seat and back seats of the main body, which have elastic force, receive and disperse the load in a wide area of the seated person's body such as the buttocks and thighs including the coccyx and sacrum, and absorb the load. This prevents the load from being locally concentrated in one place. That is, the main body formed of the elastic sheet is deformed at the time of sitting, and the occurrence of pressure ulcers is effectively prevented between the buttocks and thighs of the seated person and the seat part, and between the back and the back seat part. be able to. Moreover, since it receives the coccyx / sacrum and the back of the humpback, which are the most common sites for pressure ulcers, the contact area between the main body and the seated person is increased and the load is widely dispersed, effectively preventing the occurrence of pressure ulcers. can do. Further, since the seat portion of the main body has a recess that vertically traverses the seat portion in the center in the width direction of the main body, the coccyx / sacral portion, which is a predominant site for pressure ulcers, is in direct contact with the central portion of the seat portion. It is possible to reduce the occurrence of pressure ulcers in these areas due to body pressure, shaking and vibration during sitting. Similarly, since the back seat portion of the main body also has a recess that vertically traverses the recess in the center in the width direction, the back portions (thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae) of the circular back and the humpback and the central portion of the back seat are directly connected to each other. It is possible to reduce the occurrence of pressure ulcers in these areas due to shaking or vibration of a wheelchair or the like without contact. In addition, air flow can be formed between the back and seat of the coccyx, sacrum, and hunchback, and between the back and back seat through the recesses, thus ensuring ventilation. can. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a moist state between the back and the main body of the coccyx, the sacrum and the hunchback, and between the back and the main body, and the pressure ulcer associated with the moisture in such a part. Can also be avoided. That is, the genital area remains moist due to incontinence and sweating, the skin of the elderly caregiver becomes softened, and the occurrence of pressure ulcers increases significantly, but the environment also improves.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the seat portion of the main body forms an inclined surface whose thickness gradually increases from the back surface to the front surface facing the seat portion from the upper end to the lower end of the seat portion. Since it has a thickened portion and a vertical groove-shaped recess is formed between the thick portions, the thigh portion that abuts on the thick portion is in a posture of gradually tilting backward toward the bent portion of the main body. As a result, in the seat portion on the side of the pressure ulcer prevention device laid on the seat portion of a wheelchair or the like, the buttocks of the seated person can be stably held at the lowest bent portion connected to the seat portion. As a result, the buttocks are stable at the lowest position, so the legs and buttocks are also stably held, and when running in a wheelchair, the legs and buttocks are displaced from the seat, causing pressure ulcers. You can avoid troubles.

The gist of the present invention is a pressure ulcer prevention tool installed on a wheelchair, in which a main body formed of a vertically long, substantially rectangular, displaceable elastic sheet is bent from a middle portion to form a seat portion and a back seat portion. The seat portion and back seat portion of the main body are formed in a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section, and have a recess vertically extending from the lower end of the seat portion to the upper end of the back seat portion in the central portion in the width direction of the main body, and the seat portion of the wheelchair. It was laid in a state where it was in contact with the back sheet part.

In the case of a standard type wheelchair, the middle portion of the main body 1 which is the bent portion 2 is set at or near the center of the main body 1 in the vertical direction. In order to easily and surely form the bent portion 2, the main body 1 is provided with a groove portion 21 cut out in a substantially V shape in advance so as to cross the main body 1. The seat portion 1A and the back seat portion 1B are formed by bending the main body 1 at an angle of approximately 90 degrees from the groove portion 21. By providing the groove 21 in the middle of the main body 1, not only the bending work can be easily performed, but also the bending portion is generated when the main body 1 is bent from the groove 21. It is also possible to prevent inconveniences such as wrinkles, sagging, and pulling in 2.

Claims (4)

It is a pressure ulcer prevention device that is laid on a wheelchair and used.
The main body formed of a vertically long substantially rectangular displaceable elastic sheet is bent from a bent portion in the middle to form a substantially L-shaped vertical cross section consisting of a seat portion and a back seat portion, and the seat portion is described. A pressure ulcer prevention device characterized in that the back seat portion is laid on a seat portion of a wheelchair or the like and the back seat portion is laid on a backrest portion of a wheelchair or the like. Claim 1 is characterized in that the sheet portion of the main body has a wall thickness portion having an inclined surface gradually increasing in wall thickness toward the lower end of the sheet portion, and a vertical groove-shaped recess is formed between them. Pressure ulcer prevention device described in. The pressure ulcer prevention device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seat portion and the back seat portion of the main body have ridges bulging toward the side edges. The seat portion and the back seat portion of the main body have a recess that vertically traverses the seat portion and the back seat portion in the central portion in the width direction of the main body.
The pressure ulcer prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure ulcer prevention device is characterized by the above.

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