JP2022001071A - Manufacturing method of textured protein material - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of textured protein material Download PDF

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JP2022001071A
JP2022001071A JP2021169161A JP2021169161A JP2022001071A JP 2022001071 A JP2022001071 A JP 2022001071A JP 2021169161 A JP2021169161 A JP 2021169161A JP 2021169161 A JP2021169161 A JP 2021169161A JP 2022001071 A JP2022001071 A JP 2022001071A
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protein material
protein
powder
tissue
tissue protein
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JP7161019B2 (en
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真梨子 中川
Mariko Nakagawa
琢 小澤
Taku Ozawa
次朗 瀬戸
Jiro Seto
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Nissin Foods Holdings Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide: a manufacturing method of a textured protein material which has excellent stability during discharge from an extruder; and a manufacturing method of a textured protein material which uses a cutting blade roll comprising a pair of rolls, which have a plurality of square blade-like cyclic blades and installed facing each other in parallel, the method having excellent manufacturing stability in continuous manufacturing.SOLUTION: The manufacturing method of a textured protein material comprises: kneading main raw material powder comprising a protein material derived from plant comprising at least one selected from defatted soybean powder, soybean protein powder, and wheat protein powder, or the protein material derived from plant and starch; and extruding the kneaded material by using an extruder under high temperature and high pressure through a die into a normal pressure environment, wherein calcium acetate is used as a texturizer. In addition, an amount of calcium acetate is preferably 0.1 to 10 wt% relative to the main raw material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、組織状蛋白素材の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a tissue protein material.

従来、肉の代替として、大豆タンパクや小麦タンパク等の植物タンパク質を主とする粉末をエクストルーダーにより押出すことで作製した組織状蛋白素材から肉様の蛋白加工食品を製造するが提案されている。 Conventionally, as an alternative to meat, it has been proposed to produce meat-like processed protein foods from tissue protein materials prepared by extruding powders mainly composed of plant proteins such as soybean protein and wheat protein with an extruder. ..

しかしながら、押出されて作製された組織状蛋白素材は、そのままで肉様の繊維感のある状態ではなく、繊維感を出すために様々な加工処理がなされている(例えば、特許文献1〜3)。 However, the textured protein material produced by extrusion is not in a state of having a meat-like fibrous feeling as it is, but is subjected to various processing treatments in order to give a fibrous feeling (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). ..

特許文献1は、解繊ロールを用いた技術であり、表面にシートカッターの様な多数のヤスリの歯が並んであるか又はブラシのように針のある解繊ロールによって、押出しにより得られた配向シート状物又は棒状物を軟化状態にて細い繊維状に細分化する技術が記載されている。しかしながら、解繊ローラを用いた方法では、組織状蛋白素材は細い繊維状に細分化されてしまうため、そのままの状態では、肉様の蛋白加工食品として使用できず、肉に混ぜるか又は細分化した繊維状物を再成型する必要がある。 Patent Document 1 is a technique using a defibration roll, which is obtained by extrusion using a defibration roll having a large number of file teeth such as a sheet cutter or a needle like a brush on the surface. A technique for subdividing an oriented sheet or rod into fine fibers in a softened state is described. However, in the method using a defibration roller, the tissue protein material is subdivided into fine fibers, so that it cannot be used as a meat-like protein processed food as it is, and it is mixed with meat or subdivided. It is necessary to remold the fibrous material.

特許文献2は、ロールを用いた技術であり、2個以上の周速度の異なるロールに組織状蛋白素材を通すことで、周速差によって生じるずれ応力を組織状蛋白素材に加えることにより、水又は湯戻しした際に天然肉類に類似した組織、外観、食感を有する蛋白食品素材の製造方法について記載されている。しかしながら、この技術では、組織状蛋白素材全面が押し潰されるため、肉らしい弾力感は得られるが、繊維感に欠けるといった課題があった。 Patent Document 2 is a technique using rolls, in which a tissue protein material is passed through two or more rolls having different peripheral speeds, and a displacement stress generated by a difference in peripheral speeds is applied to the tissue protein material to obtain water. Alternatively, a method for producing a protein food material having a structure, appearance, and texture similar to that of natural meat when reconstituted in hot water is described. However, in this technique, since the entire surface of the tissue protein material is crushed, a meat-like elasticity can be obtained, but there is a problem that the fiber feeling is lacking.

そこで、特許文献3では、エクストルーダーにより加圧加熱されて押出されて作製された偏平なシート状の組織状蛋白素材を、相互に対向し、並設されている角刃状の複数の環状刃を有する一対のロールからなる切刃ロールに通すことにより、組織状蛋白素材の上下面に、押出された方向と同方向に押切りされた切り溝をつけることで肉らしい繊維感を有する組織状蛋白素材の製造する方法が開示されている。 Therefore, in Patent Document 3, a plurality of square-edged annular blades in which flat sheet-shaped tissue protein materials produced by being pressurized and heated by an extruder and extruded are arranged side by side with each other facing each other. By passing through a cutting edge roll consisting of a pair of rolls having a structure, the upper and lower surfaces of the textured protein material are formed with a cut groove cut in the same direction as the extruded direction to give a texture having a fleshy fibrous feel. A method for producing a protein material is disclosed.

この方法は、肉らしい繊維感を有する組織状蛋白素材の製造方法として優れた方法であるが、食感改良のために硫酸カルシウムなどのカルシウム塩を使用した場合(例えば特許文献4及び特許文献5)、エクストルーダーからの組織状蛋白素材の吐出が安定しないといった課題があり、そのため、エクストルーダーによって押出された組織状蛋白素材は、すぐにカッターによって所定の長さに一旦切断した後に切刃ロール処理が行われていた。 This method is an excellent method for producing a tissue-like protein material having a flesh-like fibrous texture, but when a calcium salt such as calcium sulfate is used to improve the texture (for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5). ), There is a problem that the discharge of the tissue protein material from the extruder is not stable. Therefore, the tissue protein material extruded by the extruder is immediately cut to a predetermined length by a cutter and then rolled with a cutting edge. Processing was being done.

特公昭54−27888号公報Special Publication No. 54-278888 特公平4−5413号公報Tokuho 4-5413 Gazette 特開2017−175943号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-175943 特開2000−279099号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-279099 特開平6−165644号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-165644

本発明は、エクストルーダーからの吐出の安定性に優れ、肉らしい繊維感を有する組織状蛋白質の製造方法の提供、及び相互に対向し、並設されている複数の角刃状の環状刃を有する一対のロールからなる切刃ロールを用いる組織状蛋白素材の製造する方法において、連続生産における製造の安定性に優れた組織状蛋白素材の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a method for producing a tissue-like protein having excellent stability of discharge from an extruder and having a fleshy fibrous feeling, and a plurality of square-edged annular blades that face each other and are arranged side by side. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a tissue protein material having excellent production stability in continuous production in a method for producing a tissue protein material using a cutting edge roll composed of a pair of rolls having the same.

発明者らは、相互に対向し、並設されている複数の角刃状の環状刃を有する一対のロールからなる切刃ロールを用いることによって組織状蛋白素材の上下面に、押出された方向と同方向に押切りされた切り溝をつけることで肉らしい繊維感を有する組織状蛋白素材の製造する方法において、肉様の食感を有する組織状蛋白素材の配合について鋭意研究した結果、食感改良のため硫酸カルシウムや塩化カルシウムなどのカルシウム塩を添加することが好ましいと考えた。しかしながら、硫酸カルシウムや塩化カルシウムを添加した場合、エクストルーダーから組織状蛋白素材が安定的に吐出されず、その結果、エクストルーダーから吐出した組織状蛋白素材を切断することなく連続的に切刃ロールにて切り溝を作製することが困難であった。そのため、エクストルーダーからの吐出の安定性に影響を及ぼさずに肉らしい繊維感を有する品質改良剤についてさらに鋭意検討した結果、カルシウム塩の中でも酢酸カルシウムが肉らしい繊維感やエクストルーダーからの吐出の安定性に優れ、エクストルーダーから吐出された組織状蛋白素材を切断することなくそのまま、連続して切刃ロールにより切り溝をつけることができることを見出し本発明に至った。 The inventors have used a cutting edge roll consisting of a pair of rolls having a plurality of square-edged annular blades arranged side by side, facing each other, in a direction extruded onto the upper and lower surfaces of the tissue protein material. As a result of diligent research on the formulation of the tissue protein material with a meat-like texture in the method of producing a tissue protein material with a meat-like fibrous texture by making a cut groove cut in the same direction as the above, the food It was considered preferable to add calcium salts such as calcium sulfate and calcium chloride to improve the feeling. However, when calcium sulfate or calcium chloride is added, the tissue protein material is not stably discharged from the extruder, and as a result, the tissue protein material discharged from the extruder is continuously cut without cutting. It was difficult to make a sulcus. Therefore, as a result of further diligent studies on a quality improver that has a meaty fiber feeling without affecting the stability of the discharge from the extruder, calcium acetate has a meaty fiber feeling and discharge from the extruder among the calcium salts. We have found that the tissue protein material discharged from the extruder is excellent in stability and can be continuously formed with a cutting edge roll without cutting the tissue-like protein material, and the present invention has been made.

すなわち、脱脂大豆粉、大豆タンパク粉及び小麦タンパク粉の少なくとも一つからなる植物由来のタンパク質素材又は前記植物由来のタンパク質素材及び澱粉からなる主原料粉と、酢酸カルシウムと、水と、を混練し、該混練物を、エクストルーダーを用いて高温高圧下でダイを通して常圧下に押出すことで作製されることを特徴とする組織状蛋白素材の製造方法である。 That is, a plant-derived protein material consisting of at least one of defatted soybean flour, soybean protein powder, and wheat protein powder, or a main raw material powder consisting of the plant-derived protein material and starch, calcium acetate, and water are kneaded. , A method for producing a structured protein material, which is produced by extruding the kneaded product under normal pressure through a die under high temperature and high pressure using an extruder.

また、酢酸カルシウムは、前記主原料粉の重量に対して0.1〜10%配合されることが好ましい。 Further, calcium acetate is preferably blended in an amount of 0.1 to 10% based on the weight of the main raw material powder.

また、該製造方法によって製造した組織状蛋白素材は、エクストルーダーから吐出後、切断せずにそのまま、相互に対向し、並設されている複数の角刃状の環状刃を有する一対のロールからなる切刃ロールによって組織状蛋白素材の上下面に、押出された方向と同方向に押切りされた切り溝をつけることで肉らしい繊維感を有する組織状蛋白素材の製造する方法に用いることが好ましい。 Further, the tissue-like protein material produced by the production method is discharged from an extruder, and then is not cut, but is directly opposed to each other, and is formed from a pair of rolls having a plurality of square-edged annular blades arranged side by side. It can be used in a method for producing a tissue protein material having a fleshy fibrous feeling by forming a cut groove cut off in the same direction as the extruded direction on the upper and lower surfaces of the tissue protein material by a cutting edge roll. preferable.

本発明により、エクストルーダーからの吐出の安定性に優れ、肉らしい繊維感を有する組織状蛋白質の製造方法の提供、及び相互に対向し、並設されている複数の角刃状の環状刃を有する一対のロールからなる切刃ロールを用いる組織状蛋白素材の製造する方法において、連続生産における製造の安定性に優れた組織状蛋白素材の製造方法を提供することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, a method for producing a tissue-like protein having excellent stability of discharge from an extruder and having a fleshy fibrous feeling can be provided, and a plurality of square-edged annular blades facing each other and arranged side by side can be provided. In a method for producing a tissue protein material using a cutting edge roll composed of a pair of rolls having the same, it is possible to provide a method for producing a tissue protein material having excellent production stability in continuous production.

本発明の実施形態に係る切刃ロール(角刃)の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the cutting edge roll (square blade) which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る組織状蛋白素材の生産工程の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the production process of the tissue protein material which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

1 ロール
2 環状刃(角刃)
3 ロール軸
4 ギア
5 筐体
6 クリアランス調節ネジ
A ピッチ
B クリアランス

7 エクストルーダー
8 切刃装置
9 切刃
10 カッター
11 コンベア
12 カゴ
C 組織状蛋白素材
1 roll 2 annular blade (square blade)
3 Roll shaft 4 Gear 5 Housing 6 Clearance adjustment screw A Pitch B Clearance

7 Extruder 8 Cutting edge device 9 Cutting edge 10 Cutter 11 Conveyor 12 Basket C Tissue protein material

以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。ただし、本発明は以下の記載に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description.

1.主原料粉
本発明に係る組織状蛋白素材は、脱脂大豆粉、大豆タンパク粉及び小麦タンパク粉の少なくとも一つからなる植物由来のタンパク質素材のみか、これらのタンパク質素材に必要により澱粉を加えたものを主原料粉とする。
主原料粉は、主原料粉中のタンパク質含量が50重量%以上となるよう配合することが好ましく、脱脂大豆粉、大豆タンパク粉及び小麦タンパク粉の配合については特に限定はない。また、澱粉については、食感改善効果があるもののエクストルーダーからの組織状蛋白素材の吐出安定性に影響があるため、添加量としては、主原料粉の重量に対して10重量%以下となる量が好ましく、さらに好ましくは、5重量%以下である。
1. 1. Main raw material powder The structured protein material according to the present invention is only a plant-derived protein material consisting of at least one of defatted soybean powder, soybean protein powder and wheat protein powder, or starch added to these protein materials as necessary. Is the main raw material powder.
The main raw material flour is preferably blended so that the protein content in the main raw material flour is 50% by weight or more, and the blending of defatted soybean flour, soybean protein flour and wheat protein flour is not particularly limited. In addition, although starch has an effect of improving texture, it affects the discharge stability of the tissue protein material from the extruder, so the amount added is 10% by weight or less with respect to the weight of the main raw material powder. The amount is preferable, and more preferably 5% by weight or less.

脱脂大豆粉は、脱脂していれば特に限定はなく、タンパク質含量が50〜80重量%程度であるものを用いればよい。大豆タンパク粉は、濃縮大豆タンパク粉、分離大豆タンパク粉のいずれも使用することができるが、タンパク質含量が多い点で分離大豆タンパク粉を用いることが好ましい。小麦タンパク粉は、グルテンを含んでいればよく、タンパク質含量が50〜90重量%のものが好ましい。 The defatted soybean flour is not particularly limited as long as it is defatted, and a defatted soybean flour having a protein content of about 50 to 80% by weight may be used. As the soybean protein powder, either concentrated soybean protein powder or separated soybean protein powder can be used, but it is preferable to use separated soybean protein powder because of its high protein content. The wheat protein flour may contain gluten, and preferably has a protein content of 50 to 90% by weight.

澱粉の種類については特に限定はなく、小麦澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、コーンスターチ、タピオカ澱粉などその由来を問わず、また、それらの加工澱粉でも差し支えない。また、厳密な意味では澱粉ではないが、澱粉を主に含むものとして澱粉の代わりに小麦粉を使用することができ、本発明においては、小麦粉も澱粉扱いとする。 The type of starch is not particularly limited, and may be derived from wheat starch, potato starch, corn starch, tapioca starch, etc., or modified starch thereof may be used. Further, although it is not starch in a strict sense, wheat flour can be used instead of starch as it mainly contains starch, and in the present invention, wheat flour is also treated as starch.

2.酢酸カルシウム
本発明においては、組織状蛋白質の食感改良剤として酢酸カルシウムを用いる。酢酸カルシウムは、硫酸カルシウムや塩化カルシウムなどのカルシウム塩の食感改良剤と比較して、エクストルーダーからの組織状蛋白質の吐出に影響が少なく、吐出の安定性を維持したまま肉の繊維感のある食感とすることができる。添加量としては、主原料粉中に0.1〜10重量%が好ましい。0.1重量%未満であると、酢酸カルシウムの食感が依然効果が得られにくい。10重量%よりも多いと組織状蛋白質の吐出の安定性に影響がある。さらに好ましくは、主原料粉に対して0.5〜5重量%添加することが好ましい。
2. 2. Calcium acetate In the present invention, calcium acetate is used as a texture improving agent for tissue protein. Compared to calcium salt texture improvers such as calcium sulfate and calcium chloride, calcium acetate has less effect on the discharge of histological proteins from the extruder, and the feeling of fiber in the meat is maintained while maintaining the stability of discharge. It can have a certain texture. The amount added is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight in the main raw material powder. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, the texture of calcium acetate is still difficult to obtain an effect. If it is more than 10% by weight, the stability of tissue protein ejection is affected. More preferably, it is preferably added in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight based on the main raw material powder.

3.その他の原料
その他の原料として、食塩、モノグルタミン酸ナトリウム、コショウなどの調味料、ショ糖、乳糖などの糖類、デキストリン、二酸化ケイ素、色素、トコフェロール等の酸化防止剤などを使用することができる。
3. 3. Other Raw Materials As other raw materials, seasonings such as salt, monosodium glutamate, and pepper, sugars such as sucrose and lactose, antioxidants such as dextrin, silicon dioxide, pigments, and tocopherols can be used.

4.水
本発明に用いる水は、使用する原料全体の水分が10〜50重量%、好ましくは20〜30重量%となるような範囲で用いることができる。
4. Water used to water the invention, 10 to 50 wt% water of the total raw materials used is preferably be used in a range such that 20-30% by weight.

5.組織状蛋白素材の作製
上記主原料粉と、酢酸カルシウムと、水とを混捏し、エクストルーダーを用いて高温高圧下でダイを通して常圧下に押出されることで作製される。本発明に用いるエクストルーダーは、一軸エクストルーダーでも二軸以上の複軸エクストルーダーでも用いることができるが、品質の安定性の点から二軸型のものが好ましい。エクストルーダーは、原料供給口、バレル内をスクリューにおいて原料送り、混合、圧縮、加熱機構を有し、さらに先端バレルに装着されたダイを有するものであれば利用できる。本発明の組織化温度は先端バレル温度100〜200℃、好ましくは110から140℃が適当である。本発明の加圧はダイ部圧力が2〜8MPa、好ましくは3〜5MPaが適当である。高圧下から常圧下に一気に開放されることで組織状蛋白素材は多孔質構造を有するようになる。また、ダイの形状を変えることにより、様々な形状の組織状蛋白素材が得られる。シート状の組織状蛋白質を押し出す場合は、厚みは10mm以下が好ましく、より好ましくは1〜5mm程度の厚みとなるように調整することが好ましい。得られた組織状蛋白素材は、適度な長さで切断した後、使用してもよいが、本発明においては、図2で示すように押出されたシート状の組織状蛋白素材Cをそのまま後述する切刃ロール9による処理を行うことが好ましく、その後カッター10等の切断機で適度な長さで切断し、そのまま使用するか、又は乾燥もしくは冷凍してから使用してもよい。
5. Preparation of tissue protein material It is produced by kneading the above-mentioned main raw material powder, calcium acetate and water, and extruding it under normal pressure through a die under high temperature and high pressure using an extruder. The extruder used in the present invention can be either a uniaxial extruder or a biaxial extruder having two or more axes, but a biaxial type is preferable from the viewpoint of quality stability. The extruder can be used as long as it has a raw material supply port, a raw material feeding mechanism with a screw in the barrel, mixing, compression, and heating mechanism, and further has a die mounted on the tip barrel. The organization temperature of the present invention is preferably a tip barrel temperature of 100 to 200 ° C, preferably 110 to 140 ° C. For the pressurization of the present invention, the die portion pressure is preferably 2 to 8 MPa, preferably 3 to 5 MPa. The tissue protein material has a porous structure when it is released at once from under high pressure to under normal pressure. Further, by changing the shape of the die, tissue protein materials having various shapes can be obtained. When extruding a sheet-shaped tissue protein, the thickness is preferably 10 mm or less, and more preferably adjusted to a thickness of about 1 to 5 mm. The obtained tissue protein material may be used after being cut to an appropriate length, but in the present invention, the extruded sheet-shaped tissue protein material C as it is will be described later. It is preferable to carry out the treatment with the cutting edge roll 9, which is then cut to an appropriate length with a cutting machine such as a cutter 10 and used as it is, or may be dried or frozen before use.

6.切刃ロールによる処理
図2で示すようにエクストルーダー7より吐出された組織状蛋白素材Cを、そのまま切刃ロール9により押切りにより切り溝をつけることで、省力化を図ることが可能となる。後述するように切刃ロール9は、回転刃であるため、吐出された組織状蛋白素材Cの吐出が安定しないと、組織状蛋白素材Cが切れたり、重なって処理されたりするため、組織状蛋白素材Cのエクストルーダー7からの吐出の安定性は、連続で切刃ロール処理するために重要である。
6. Processing with a cutting edge roll As shown in FIG. 2, the tissue protein material C discharged from the extruder 7 is directly cut by the cutting edge roll 9 to form a cutting groove, whereby labor saving can be achieved. .. As will be described later, since the cutting edge roll 9 is a rotary blade, if the discharged tissue protein material C is not stably discharged, the tissue protein material C may be cut or overlapped with each other. The stability of the ejection of the protein material C from the extruder 7 is important for continuous cutting edge roll processing.

本発明に係る切刃ロール9は、図1で示すような、相互に対向し、並設されている複数の環状刃2を有する一対のロール1からなる。一対のロール1は、ロール軸3が筐体5を貫通するように並行に設置され、駆動部からの回転を受けて、ギア4によりロール軸3を軸として一対のロール1が連動して回転する。 The cutting edge roll 9 according to the present invention is composed of a pair of rolls 1 having a plurality of annular blades 2 facing each other and arranged side by side, as shown in FIG. The pair of rolls 1 are installed in parallel so that the roll shaft 3 penetrates the housing 5, and receives rotation from the drive unit, and the gear 4 rotates the pair of rolls 1 in conjunction with each other around the roll shaft 3. do.

また、環状刃(角刃)2の間隔であるピッチAは、0.6mm〜1.5mmが好ましい。0.6mmピッチよりも間隔が狭くなると麺線表面が荒れすぎて割れが発生しやすくなる。逆に、1.5mmピッチよりも間隔が広くなると繊維感が少なくなる。 The pitch A, which is the distance between the annular blades (square blades) 2, is preferably 0.6 mm to 1.5 mm. If the interval is narrower than the 0.6 mm pitch, the surface of the noodle strings becomes too rough and cracks are likely to occur. On the contrary, when the interval is wider than the 1.5 mm pitch, the feeling of fiber is reduced.

また、一対のロール1についている環状刃(角刃)2の先端同士の間隔であるクリアランスBは、組織状蛋白素材Cの厚みにもよるが、組織状蛋白素材Cの厚みが1〜10mm程度の場合には、クリアランスBは組織状蛋白素材Cの厚みに対して10〜30%が好ましい。10%よりも間隔が狭くなると組織状蛋白素材Cにつく切り溝が深くなりすぎて肉がボロボロの状態になる。逆に30%よりも間隔が広くなると切り溝が付きにくくなり繊維感が少なくなる。クリアランスBの調整は、調整ネジ6の締め具合によって調整すればよい。 Further, the clearance B, which is the distance between the tips of the annular blades (square blades) 2 attached to the pair of rolls 1, depends on the thickness of the tissue protein material C, but the thickness of the tissue protein material C is about 1 to 10 mm. In the case of, the clearance B is preferably 10 to 30% with respect to the thickness of the tissue protein material C. If the interval is narrower than 10%, the cut groove formed in the tissue protein material C becomes too deep and the meat becomes tattered. On the contrary, when the interval is wider than 30%, it becomes difficult for the cut groove to be formed and the feeling of fiber is reduced. The clearance B may be adjusted by adjusting the tightening condition of the adjusting screw 6.

切刃ロール9のロール1の回転速度については、吐出した組織状蛋白素材Cが切刃ロールに入る際に弛まないように、早すぎて吐出した組織状蛋白素材Cが引っ張られて切れないよう、エクストルーダー7から押出される組織状蛋白素材Cの吐出スピードに合わせて調整すればよい。 Regarding the rotation speed of the roll 1 of the cutting edge roll 9, the tissue protein material C discharged too early is pulled so as not to be cut so that the discharged tissue protein material C does not loosen when entering the cutting edge roll. , It may be adjusted according to the discharge speed of the tissue protein material C extruded from the extruder 7.

3.その他
切り溝を付けた組織状蛋白素材Cは、図2で示すようにカッター10等によって所定の長さに切断し、肉様蛋白加工食品として使用できる。肉様蛋白加工食品としては、切り溝を付けた組織状蛋白素材を水戻し、味付け処理をした後、焼いたり、煮たりして肉様蛋白加工食品としてもよく、味付け処理をした後、乾燥して、湯戻し、鍋炊き調理又は電子レンジ調理により調理する即席食品の具材として用いる肉様乾燥蛋白加工食品としてもよい。
3. 3. others
As shown in FIG. 2, the tissue-like protein material C having a cut groove can be cut to a predetermined length by a cutter 10 or the like and used as a meat-like protein processed food. As a meat-like protein processed food, the textured protein material with a cut groove may be rehydrated, seasoned, and then baked or boiled to make a meat-like protein processed food. Then, it may be a meat-like dried protein processed food used as an ingredient of an instant food cooked by reconstitution with hot water, cooked in a pot, or cooked in a microwave oven.

即席食品の具材として用いる肉様乾燥蛋白加工食品の製造方法の具体的な製造方法としては、切り溝を付けた組織状蛋白素材に、醤油、砂糖、食塩、みりん、酒、グルタミン酸ナトリウム、蛋白加水分解物、畜肉エキス、ショウガやタマネギなどの搾汁又は粉末、香辛料、香料及び色素等を添加し、混合するか、又は、これらの原料を溶解した調味液に浸漬するかもしくは調味液で煮詰めることにより味付けを行った後、必要によりごま油、パーム油、ラード、牛脂などの食用油脂を添加し、熱風乾燥、マイクロウェーブ乾燥もしくは凍結乾燥を行うか、又は食用油脂を添加せずにフライ乾燥して肉様乾燥蛋白加工食品とすればよい。 As a specific manufacturing method of the meat-like dried protein processed food used as an ingredient of instant food, soy sauce, sugar, salt, mirin, liquor, sodium glutamate, and protein are added to the textured protein material with a groove. Add and mix hydrolyzate, livestock meat extract, juice or powder such as ginger and onion, spices, flavors and pigments, or soak in seasoning liquid in which these raw materials are dissolved, or boil in seasoning liquid. After seasoning, add edible oils such as sesame oil, palm oil, lard, and beef fat as needed, and perform hot air drying, microwave drying or freeze drying, or fly dry without adding edible oils and fats. It may be a meat-like dried protein processed food.

以下に実施例を挙げて本実施形態をさらに詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

<実験1>カルシウム塩の検討
(実施例1−1)
脱脂大豆90重量%、分離ダイズ蛋白10重量%からなる主原料粉の重量に対して、酢酸カルシウム2.5重量%、カラメル色素1.5重量%を混合し、そこに水を主原料粉の重量に対して25重量%となるように加水して混捏しながら、飽和蒸気を原料粉の重量に対して1.5重量%流入して、二軸エクストルーダーで130℃、3.5Mapsの加温加圧条件で出口の口径が厚み1mm幅30mmのスリットダイから押出して偏平なシート状の組織状蛋白素材を作製した。
<Experiment 1> Examination of calcium salt (Example 1-1)
2.5% by weight of calcium acetate and 1.5% by weight of caramel pigment are mixed with respect to the weight of the main raw material powder consisting of 90% by weight of defatted soybean and 10% by weight of separated soybean protein, and water is added thereto as the main raw material powder. While adding water and kneading to 25% by weight based on the weight, 1.5% by weight of saturated steam flows in by 1.5% by weight based on the weight of the raw material powder, and the temperature is 130 ° C. and 3.5 Maps is added by a twin-screw extruder. A flat sheet-shaped textured protein material was prepared by extruding from a slit die having an outlet diameter of 1 mm and a width of 30 mm under warm and pressurized conditions.

エクストルーダーから吐出された組織状蛋白素材(約1.5mm)を連続的に図1で示したようなロールの直径が35mmで0.8mmピッチの角刃状の切刃ロールで上下のロール間のクリアランスが0.3mmとなるように調整した切刃ロールに押出した方向に切り溝が入るように通して、切り溝を付け、組織状蛋白素材の繊維に方向性を付けた。 The tissue protein material (about 1.5 mm) discharged from the extruder is continuously rolled between the upper and lower rolls with a square blade-shaped cutting edge roll having a roll diameter of 35 mm and a pitch of 0.8 mm as shown in FIG. The cutting edge roll adjusted to have a clearance of 0.3 mm was passed through the cutting edge roll so as to have a cutting groove in the extruded direction, and the cutting groove was formed to give direction to the fiber of the tissue protein material.

切刃ロールを通した組織状蛋白素材を約1cmにカッターで切断し、組織状蛋白素材サンプルとした。 The tissue protein material passed through the cutting edge roll was cut to about 1 cm with a cutter to prepare a tissue protein material sample.

(比較例1−1)
酢酸カルシウムを添加しない以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材サンプルを製造した。
(Comparative Example 1-1)
A tissue protein material sample was prepared according to the method of Example 1-1 except that calcium acetate was not added.

(比較例1−2)
酢酸カルシウムの代わりに硫酸カルシウムを使用する以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。
(Comparative Example 1-2)
A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1, except that calcium sulfate was used instead of calcium acetate.

(比較例1−3)
酢酸カルシウムの代わりに炭酸カルシウムを使用する以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。
(Comparative Example 1-3)
A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1, except that calcium carbonate was used instead of calcium acetate.

(比較例1−4)
酢酸カルシウムの代わりに塩化カルシウムを使用する以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。
(Comparative Example 1-4)
A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1, except that calcium chloride was used instead of calcium acetate.

(比較例1−5)
酢酸カルシウムの代わりに乳酸カルシウムを使用する以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。
(Comparative Example 1-5)
A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1, except that calcium lactate was used instead of calcium acetate.

各試験区についてエクストルーダーからの組織状蛋白素材の吐出の安定性について評価を行った。評価は、エクストルーダーから組織状蛋白素材の吐出が安定しており、切断されず、連続的に生産可能なものを◎、稀に切断されるが吐出が安定しており問題なく連続生産可能なものを○、吐出が不安定であり、頻繁に切断し、連続生産に不適なものを×とした。 The stability of the discharge of the tissue protein material from the extruder was evaluated for each test group. The evaluation is that the tissue protein material is stably discharged from the extruder and can be continuously produced without being cut. ◎, rarely cut but the discharge is stable and continuous production is possible without any problem. Those that are unsuitable for continuous production are marked as x because they are cut frequently due to unstable discharge.

また、各試験区の組織状蛋白素材の食感について評価を行った。評価方法は、作製した組織状蛋白素材を熱湯で3分浸漬して戻した後、5人の熟練パネラーにより4段階で評価を行った。評価は、肉様の繊維感、絞まった食感があり非常に良好なものを◎、肉様の繊維感、絞まった食感を感じ良好なものを○、肉様の繊維感に乏しく、弾力が強いものを△肉様の繊維感に欠け、弾力が非常に強いものを×とした。 In addition, the texture of the tissue protein material in each test group was evaluated. The evaluation method was as follows: the prepared tissue protein material was soaked in boiling water for 3 minutes and then returned, and then evaluated in 4 stages by 5 skilled panelists. The evaluation is ◎, which has a meat-like fiber texture and a squeezed texture, and is very good, ○, which has a meat-like fiber texture and a squeezed texture, and ○, which has a poor meat-like fiber texture and is elastic. Those with a strong texture are marked with △, and those with a very strong elasticity are marked with ×, which lacks a meat-like fiber texture.

各試験例の評価結果について表1に示す。 Table 1 shows the evaluation results of each test example.

Figure 2022001071
Figure 2022001071

<実験2>酢酸カルシウムの添加量について
(実施例2−1)酢酸カルシウムの添加量を0.1重量%とする以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。
<Experiment 2> Addition amount of calcium acetate (Example 2-1) A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1 except that the addition amount of calcium acetate was 0.1% by weight.

(実施例2−2)酢酸カルシウムの添加量を0.5重量%とする以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。 (Example 2-2) A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1 except that the amount of calcium acetate added was 0.5% by weight.

(実施例2−3)酢酸カルシウムの添加量を1重量%とする以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。 (Example 2-3) A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1 except that the amount of calcium acetate added was 1% by weight.

(実施例2−4)酢酸カルシウムの添加量を5重量%とする以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。 (Example 2-4) A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1 except that the amount of calcium acetate added was 5% by weight.

(実施例2−5)
酢酸カルシウムの添加量を10重量%とする以外は、実施例1−1の方法に従って組織状蛋白素材を製造した。
(Example 2-5)
A tissue protein material was produced according to the method of Example 1-1 except that the amount of calcium acetate added was 10% by weight.

各試験区について実験1同様に評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。 Each test plot was evaluated in the same manner as in Experiment 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 2022001071
Figure 2022001071

Claims (6)

脱脂大豆粉、大豆タンパク粉及び小麦タンパク粉の少なくとも一つからなる植物由来のタンパク質素材又は前記植物由来のタンパク質素材及び澱粉からなる主原料粉と、酢酸カルシウムと、を含み、
エクストルーダーを用いて高温高圧下でダイを通して常圧下に押し出すことで作製されることを特徴とする組織状蛋白素材。
Includes a plant-derived protein material consisting of at least one of defatted soybean powder, soybean protein powder and wheat protein powder, or a main raw material powder consisting of the plant-derived protein material and starch, and calcium acetate.
A tissue protein material characterized by being produced by extruding under normal pressure through a die under high temperature and high pressure using an extruder.
脱脂大豆粉、大豆タンパク粉及び小麦タンパク粉の少なくとも一つからなる植物由来のタンパク質素材又は前記植物由来のタンパク質素材及び澱粉からなる主原料粉と、酢酸カルシウムと、を含み、
エクストルーダーを用いて高温高圧下でダイを通して常圧下に押し出すことで作製された組織状蛋白素材であって、
該組織状蛋白素材の上下面に、押出された方向と同方向に押切りされた切り溝が付与されていることを特徴とする組織状蛋白素材。
Includes a plant-derived protein material consisting of at least one of defatted soybean powder, soybean protein powder and wheat protein powder, or a main raw material powder consisting of the plant-derived protein material and starch, and calcium acetate.
It is a tissue protein material produced by extruding under normal pressure through a die under high temperature and high pressure using an extruder.
A tissue protein material characterized in that a cut groove is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the tissue protein material in the same direction as the extruded direction.
請求項1または2記載の組織状蛋白素材を含むことを特徴とする肉様蛋白加工食品。 A meat-like protein processed food comprising the tissue protein material according to claim 1 or 2. 請求項1または2記載の組織状蛋白素材を含むことを特徴とする肉様乾燥蛋白加工食品。 A meat-like dried protein processed food comprising the tissue protein material according to claim 1 or 2. 請求項1または2記載の組織状蛋白素材を味付け後、焼くまたは煮ることを特徴とする肉様蛋白加工食品の製造方法。 A method for producing a processed meat-like protein food, which comprises baking or boiling the tissue protein material according to claim 1 or 2 after seasoning. 請求項1または2記載の組織状蛋白素材を味付け後、乾燥することを特徴とする肉様乾燥蛋白加工食品の製造方法。 A method for producing a meat-like dried protein processed food, which comprises seasoning the tissue protein material according to claim 1 or 2 and then drying it.
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