JP2021519613A - バイオエンジニアリングされたウォートンジェリー由来の細胞外マトリックス - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、2018年3月30日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/650,551号の優先権を主張し、その内容はその全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明の図及び説明は、本発明の明確な理解に関連する要素を示すために簡略化されているが、明確にするために、当該技術分野で通常見られる他の多くの要素を除外していることを理解されたい。当業者は、他の要素及び/またはステップが、本発明の実施の際に、望ましい及び/または必要であることを理解できる。しかしながら、そのような要素及びステップは当該技術分野で周知であり、またそれらは本発明のより良い理解を促さないため、そのような要素及びステップの説明は本明細書では提供されない。本明細書の開示は、当業者に知られているそのような要素及び方法に対するそのような全ての変形及び修正を対象とする。
本発明は、バイオエンジニアリングされた脱細胞化ウォートンジェリーマトリックス(DWJM)に関する。バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、DWJMの3D構造と細胞外マトリックス組成を保持し、細孔径、細孔分布、及びマトリックス成分分布の実質的な均一性が強化されている。
本発明はまた、本明細書のいずこかに記載されているバイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMを作製する方法に関する。図8を参照すると、バイオエンジニアリングされたマトリックスを作製する例示的な方法100が示されている。方法100は、脱細胞化されたウォートンジェリーマトリックス(DWJM)が液体媒体に浸漬されるステップ102で始まる。ステップ104では、浸漬されたDWJMに対して1つまたは複数の均質化サイクルが実行されて均質化DWJMが形成され、各均質化サイクルは均質化期間と休止期間を含む。ステップ106では、均質化されたDWJMが成形される。ステップ108では、均質化されたDWJMが凍結される。ステップ110では、凍結されたDWJMは、真空下で凍結乾燥されて、バイオエンジニアリングされたマトリックスを形成する。
本発明はまた、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMを使用する方法に関する。本明細書のいずこかで記載されているように、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、任意の所望の形状及び寸法に形成できる3D構造、細孔径と細孔分布の実質的な均一性、細胞外マトリックス成分の均一な組成などを含むがこれらに限定されない、いくつかの有利な性質を備えている。そのため、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、多くのアプリケーションに適している。
一態様では、本発明は、細胞を培養するための方法を包含する。様々な実施形態では、方法は、1つまたは複数の細胞集団を支持及び増殖するためのバイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMの使用に関する。細胞は、in vivo及びin vitro条件下を含む、任意の適切な環境で培養することができる。本発明のバイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMを使用して培養することができる細胞は、任意の適切な細胞であり得る。適切な細胞の非限定的な例には、多能性幹細胞、胚性幹細胞、造血幹細胞、脂肪由来幹細胞、骨髄由来幹細胞、線維芽細胞、骨細胞、上皮細胞、心筋細胞、内皮細胞、神経細胞などが含まれる。適切な細胞はまた、白血病、リンパ腫、骨髄腫、乳癌、前立腺癌、子宮内膜癌、膀胱癌、脳癌、子宮頸癌、肺癌、黒色腫、子宮頸癌、卵巣癌、結腸直腸癌、膵臓癌、食道癌、腎臓癌、甲状腺癌、肝臓癌、子宮癌、軟部肉腫、骨癌、胃癌などを含むがこれらに限定されない、がん細胞を含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、本発明のバイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、そこに播種される細胞の可塑性を維持する。
一態様では、本発明は、任意の数の薬物及び治療法のハイスループットスクリーニングのための方法を包含する。バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは再現性が高く、任意の適切なハイスループットテストシステムに適合するサイズにでき、成形することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMを使用して、薬物または療法の有効性をスクリーニングするためのハイスループットの細胞ベースのアッセイを支持することができる。
いくつかの実施形態では、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMをin vivoで使用して、細胞の動員、浸潤、及び分化を促進することができる。バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMへの細胞の流入と成熟を使用して、組織を再生し、欠損及び創傷を治療できる。本発明の方法が閉鎖を促進するのに有用である創傷には、擦過傷、裂傷、切開創、火傷、挫傷、銃創、切開創、開放創、貫通創、穿孔創、穿刺創、串線創、刺創、外科的創傷、皮下創傷、または接線創傷が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。いくつかの実施形態では、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、外胚葉分化を促進して、汗腺、皮脂腺、毛包などを含む、皮膚の様々な下部構造を再生する。バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、縫合糸、接着剤、または包帯を使用して、創傷領域に固定できる。バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、創傷のサイズに一致するように切断できるか、または創傷の端に重なるようにできる。場合によっては、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、深い創傷によって形成された空洞に浸透するように成形できる。バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、手術関連の外傷や事故などの粘膜損傷の治癒にも使用できる。
以前の研究は、白血病細胞が合成足場に播種された初代骨髄間葉系間質細胞(MSC)と共培養される、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)の化学療法抵抗性を試験するための3Dストローマベースのモデルを確立した。このモデルでは、白血病細胞は化学療法抵抗性の増加を示した(Aljitawi OS et al., Leuk Lymphoma, 2014, 55(2):378−91)。細胞外マトリックス(ECM)は幹細胞の特性を有する白血病の亜集団を濃縮することにより化学療法抵抗性に重要な役割を果たすので、次に細胞外マトリックス(ECM)に焦点が当てられた。ECM成分については、以前に例示され、特性評価された、脱細胞化ウォートンジェリーマトリックス(DWJM)が使用された(図1A)(Aljitawi OS et al., Stem Cells Dev, 2013, 22(1):18−26)。ウォートンジェリーは、臍帯の血管を主に支える臍帯のゼラチン状の結合組織である。コラーゲン、フィブロネクチン、ヒアルロン酸、及び硫酸化プロテオグリカンなどのその成分(Franc S et al., Placenta, 1998, 19(1):95−104;Sobolewski K et al., Biol Neonate, 1997, 71(1):11−21)は、骨造血ニッチにも存在する(Lo Celso C et al., Nature, 2009, 457(7225):92−6)。
図6Aから図6D、及び図7Aから図7Bは、例示的な75mg/mLの均質化されていないDWJMの切片と、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMの同じサイズの切片の間の質量分析の結果を示す。均質化されていないDWJMの切片には、均一に分散されたバイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMの場合よりも数倍少ない量のマトリックス成分を含めることができる。例えば、同じサイズの均質化されていないDWJMのサイズの切片と比較して、バイオエンジニアリングされたDWJMは、約30〜35のフィブリノーゲンガンマチェーンの存在比、10〜15のミオシン−9の存在比、及び約10〜15のミオシン−10の存在比を有することができる。この違いは、均質化されていないDWJMのムラによるものであり、その構成は、供給源由来の各臍帯間で、及び供給源由来の各臍帯の領域間で異なるためである。
以前の研究は、臍帯組織のゼラチン状物質である脱細胞化ウォートンジェリー(WJ)マトリックス(DWJM)で白血病細胞株を培養すると、化学療法抵抗性が生じることを実証した。WJマトリックスのさまざまな部分の間の生化学的組成の変動を減らし、3次元(3D)DWJMベースの細胞外マトリックス(ECM)モデルを初代急性骨髄性白血病(AML)細胞のin vitro培養のために最適化するために、DWJM由来の多孔質ディスクは、均質化とそれに続くヒトDWJMの凍結乾燥によって均一の構造と細孔径を伴って作製された。次の研究では、DWJMディスクが初代白血病細胞を支持し、化学療法抵抗性をもたらすかどうかを調べる。
Claims (28)
- 約200μm〜約350μmの範囲のメジアン細孔径を有する成形脱細胞化ウォートンジェリーマトリックス(DWJM)を含む多孔質マトリックス。
- 前記メジアン細孔径が、約230μm〜約330μmの範囲である、請求項1に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 前記メジアン細孔径が、約235μm、約275μm、約290μm、約300μm、約310μm、約320μm、または約330μmである、請求項1に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 前記細孔径分布が、前記メジアン細孔径の50%または17%以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 約80%〜95%の体積多孔度を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- コラーゲン、フィブロネクチン、テネイシンC(TN−C)、フィブリリン、ルミカン、ヒアルロン酸(HA)、バーシカン、フィブリノーゲンガンマ鎖、ミオシン−9、ミオシン−10、パラディン、フィラミン、ビンキュリン、モエシン、ペリオスチン、ラミニン、タリン−1、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるマトリックス成分の均一な分布をさらに含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 約30〜35のフィブリノーゲンガンマ鎖の存在比を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 約10〜15のミオシン−9の存在比を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 約10〜15のミオシン−10存在比を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 前記マトリックスが、細胞培養ウェルに適合するサイズのディスク形状に成形またはトリミングされている、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 播種された細胞の少なくとも1つの集団をさらに含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- 少なくとも1つの治療剤をさらに含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス。
- バイオエンジニアリングされたマトリックスを作製する方法であって、
脱細胞化ウォートンジェリーマトリックス(DWJM)を液体媒体に浸漬するステップと;
前記浸漬されたDWJMにおいて1回または複数回の均質化サイクルを実行して、均質化されたDWJMを形成するステップであって、各均質化サイクルが、均質化期間と休止期間を含む、形成するステップと;
前記均質化されたDWJMを成形するステップと;
前記均質化したDWJMを凍結するステップと;
前記凍結されたDWJMを真空下で凍結乾燥して、バイオエンジニアリングされたマトリックスを形成するステップと、
を含む前記方法。 - 前記液体媒体が蒸留水である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記1回または複数回の均質化サイクルが、氷上に保持された浸漬されたDWJMで実行される、請求項13〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 各均質化サイクルが、約30秒の均質化期間と約120秒の休止期間とを含む、請求項13〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 各均質化期間が、前記浸漬されたDWJM内の分散ミキサーの作動を含む、請求項13〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも30回の均質化サイクルが実行される、請求項13〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記均質化されたDWJMが3D印刷を使用して成形される、請求項13〜18のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記均質化されたDWJMが、型を使用して成形される、請求項13〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記凍結ステップが約−80℃〜−180℃で実行される、請求項13〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記凍結乾燥ステップが、約0.05mBarで約−20℃〜−60℃で実行される、請求項13〜21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 対象における骨再生を促進する方法であって、
請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックスを提供するステップと;
前記マトリックスに1つまたは複数の骨形成増殖因子及び血管形成増殖因子をロードするステップと;
前記多孔質マトリックスを前記対象の骨欠損に埋め込むステップと、
を含む前記方法。 - 造血幹細胞を培養する方法であって、
請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックス上にCD34+細胞を播種するステップを含み、
前記細胞が、前記多孔質マトリックス上で培養されている間、静止状態を維持する、
前記方法。 - 前記播種されたCD34+細胞が巨核球系統バイアスを有する、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質マトリックスと;前記多孔質に埋め込まれたがん細胞の集団と、を含むがんモデル。
- 前記がん細胞の集団ががん幹細胞の特性を示す、請求項26に記載のがんモデル。
- 前記がん細胞の集団が、白血病、リンパ腫、骨髄腫、乳癌、前立腺癌、子宮内膜癌、膀胱癌、脳癌、子宮頸癌、肺癌、黒色腫、子宮頸癌、卵巣癌、結腸直腸癌、膵臓癌、食道癌、腎臓癌、甲状腺癌、肝臓癌、子宮癌、軟部肉腫、骨癌、及び胃癌からなる群から選択される、請求項26〜27のいずれか1項に記載のがんモデル。
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