JP2021509122A - 癌のための予防および治療処置としてのipscベースのワクチン - Google Patents
癌のための予防および治療処置としてのipscベースのワクチン Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年1月2日に提出された仮出願番号62/612,826の35 USC 119(e)に基づく優先権を主張し、その開示は参照により本願に組み込まれる。
1世紀近く前に、研究者たちは、胚性物質による免疫化が移植された腫瘍の拒絶につながることを観察した。最近では、共有トランスクリプトームプロファイルおよび抗原がさまざまな腫瘍細胞および胚細胞で同定された。これは、胚性幹細胞(ESC)が抗腫瘍応答を促進するための免疫化剤として使用することができるという仮説を導いた。
1つの態様において、本出願は、予防的にまたは治療的にのいずれかで複数のタイプの癌を標的とする癌ワクチンの産生のための組成物および方法を提供する。1つの局面において、ワクチンによって産生される癌細胞に対する免疫は、アジュバントおよびiPSCまたはミニイントロンプラスミド産生iPSC(MIP−iPSC)、例えばアジュバントCpGおよびiPSC、またはアジュバントCpGおよびMIP−iPSCを組み合わせる。MIP−iPSCは、免疫細胞の大きなレパートリーを活性化するミニイントロンプラスミドを使用して産生され、iPSCおよび癌細胞間で共有される癌関連または癌に関連するエピトープを標的とし、癌の発生および/または進行に対する長期免疫を提供する。
図1.最大のB細胞応答を測定することにより最適なワクチン接種スケジュールを評価すること。(a)非特異的MEF結合における有意な増加なしで、DB7へのIgG結合%により評価されるように、最適なワクチン接種は、C+Iワクチン接種の毎週で4週間に設定された(n=3 コントロール動物、n=4 iPSCの刺激を受けた動物、n=4 C+Iの刺激を受けた2週、およびn=4 C+Iの刺激を受けた4週動物、平均±s.e.m.、Tukeyの多重比較試験を伴うANOVA)。(b)胚性繊維芽細胞、iPSCおよびDB7癌細胞へのPBS 4週、iPSC 4週、C+I 2週、またはC+I 4週のワクチン接種したマウスの血清IgG結合の典型的なFACSプロット。分化した細胞に対するコントロールサンプルとして、部分的に分化した細胞培養を分析に含めた。このことは、IgG陽性および陰性細胞により示され、IgG結合が分析された細胞の未分化部分に特異的であることを示した。C+I 4週のワクチン接種したマウスは、DB7乳癌細胞への最も良いIgG結合を示した。(c)ワクチン製造が多能性についてマウスiPSCを選別すること、照射、アジュバント溶液の再懸濁、および脇腹、部位1から4における皮下注射からなることを示す概要。
癌ワクチンのための供給源としての多能性幹細胞は、例えば、ヒト、霊長類、ウマ、ウシ、ブタなどを含む任意の哺乳動物種、特にヒト細胞から得ることができる。
以下の実施例は、当業者に本願発明を作成および使用する方法の完全な記載および説明を提供するように提示され、本願発明者らが発明と考えるものの範囲を限定することを意図せず、以下の実験が実施された全てまたは唯一の実験であることを表すことも意図していない。使用される数値(例えば、量、温度など)に対して正確性を保証するためように努力が払われたが、いくつかの実験誤差および偏差が考慮されるべきである。他に示されていない限り、部は重量部であり、分子量は重量平均分子量であり、温度は摂氏(℃)であり、圧力は大気圧またはその付近である。
iPSCベースの癌ワクチン接種:癌に対する自己幹細胞ワクチン
我々は、自己由来のiPSCの免疫原性および腫瘍形成性特性を癌ワクチンに利用できるということを証明する。複数のマウス系統および複数の癌型を使用して、我々は、腫瘍の確立の完全阻害または腫瘍増殖の有意な低下のいずれかの、癌を標的とすることにおいて宿主の免疫系を刺激するためにiPSCを使用するインビトロおよびインビボ有効性を示す。したがって、本ワクチン接種方法は、腫瘍の確立の完全阻害または腫瘍増殖の有意な低下を提供する。
動物モデル。種々の実験のために(「CpG+iPSCワクチン製造および免疫化」および「癌細胞系および移植」のセクション参照)、若い成体メスFVB、C57BL/6JおよびCBA/Jマウス(6−8週齢)を使用した。動物を異なる処置グループにランダムに割り当てた。1cm3より大きな腫瘍サイズ、目に見える苦痛、疼痛、または病気を含む健康状態が実験期限前に安楽死を必要としたとき、腫瘍を有するマウスを実験から除外した。全ての実験は、スタンフォード大学実験動物管理パネル(APLAC)によって承認された。
フォワードプライマー、5’ACTAGCCAGAGGATCTTAAAGACT3’;
リバースプライマー、5’GCCATCACTGGAAAGAGAGGC3’;
変異体プローブ、5’(HEX)CCTGCCCACCCACTCCCCCTTTTT(Blackhole Quencher)3’;(赤色が変異体特異的対立遺伝子を示す)。
Claims (20)
- 患者における癌の処置のための方法であって、方法はワクチンでの患者のワクチン接種を含み、ワクチンは患者からの体細胞の再プログラム化によって得られる哺乳動物の多能性幹細胞の有効量を含み、ワクチン接種は必要とする患者に哺乳動物の多能性幹細胞を投与する工程を含む、方法。
- 多能性幹細胞が人工多能性幹細胞(iPSC)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 哺乳動物の多能性幹細胞が未分化多能性幹細胞である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 多能性幹細胞が、shRNA p53の起こりうる付加と共に、Oct4、c−Myc、KLF−4およびSox2を含む4つの再プログラム化因子を含むミニイントロン(mini-intronic)プラスミドを使用して産生される、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 幹細胞が、繊維芽細胞、ケラチン生成細胞、末梢血細胞および腎上皮細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- アジュバントが、ワクチンに対する免疫応答を増強するための免疫学的薬剤である、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ワクチンが、以下の方法:a)独立型のワクチン接種として;b)腫瘍切除前のアジュバント療法として;c)腫瘍切除後のアジュバント療法として、d)転移状況において;e)腫瘍または癌の非存在下で予防状況として;およびf)化学療法、免疫療法、標的療法と組み合わせて、生物学的薬剤を使用して、小分子剤を使用して、生物学的または小分子剤を含むナノ粒子と共に、またはそれらの組合せ、の少なくとも1つにしたがって投与される、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 癌が、乳癌、黒色腫および中皮腫からなる群から選択される、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 癌が、白血病、多発性骨髄腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、リンパ腫、骨髄増殖性疾患、扁平上皮癌、腺癌、肉腫、神経内分泌癌腫、膀胱癌、皮膚癌、脳および脊髄癌、頭頸部癌、甲状腺、骨癌、乳癌、子宮頸癌、結腸直腸癌、子宮内膜癌、消化器癌、(下)喉頭癌、食道癌、肝臓癌、肺癌、膵臓癌、前立腺癌、眼癌、腎細胞癌、腎臓、肝臓、卵巣癌、胃癌、精巣癌、甲状腺および胸腺癌からなる群から選択される、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 多能性幹細胞癌ワクチンでの哺乳動物のワクチン接種のための方法であって、方法は、
レシピエントからの体細胞の再プログラム化によって哺乳動物の多能性幹細胞を導入すること;および
多能性幹細胞をレシピエントに提供すること
を含む、方法。 - 哺乳動物細胞が、未分化多能性細胞である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 多能性幹細胞が、Oct4、c−Myc、KLF−4およびSox2を含む4つの再プログラム化因子を含むミニイントロンプラスミドを使用して産生される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 多能性幹細胞が、繊維芽細胞、ケラチン生成細胞、末梢血細胞および腎上皮細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項10から12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ワクチンが、ワクチン接種の前に注がれる、請求項10から13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ワクチンが、ワクチンに対する免疫応答を増強するための免疫学的薬剤であるアジュバントをさらに含む、請求項10から14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 哺乳動物からの体細胞の再プログラム化によって得られる哺乳動物の多能性幹細胞の有効量、およびワクチンに対する免疫応答を増強するためのアジュバントまたは免疫学的薬剤を含む熱的に安定なワクチン組成物。
- 多能性幹細胞が人工多能性幹細胞(iPSC)である、請求項16に記載のワクチン組成物。
- 哺乳動物の多能性幹細胞が未分化多能性幹細胞である、請求項16または17に記載のワクチン組成物。
- 幹細胞が、繊維芽細胞、ケラチン生成細胞、末梢血細胞および腎上皮細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項16から18のいずれかに記載のワクチン組成物。
- アジュバントが、CpG,QS21、ポリ(ジ(カルボキシラートフェノキシ)ホスファゼン(poly(di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene);リポ多糖類の誘導体、例えば、モノホスホリルリピドA、ムラミルジペプチド(MDP;Ribi)、スレオニル−ムラミルジペプチド(t−MDP;Ribi);OM−174;コレラ毒素(CT)、およびリーシュマニア伸長因子からなる群から選択される、請求項16から19のいずれかに記載のワクチン組成物。
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