JP2021506565A - より高いn2選択性を有する改善されたnh3削減 - Google Patents
より高いn2選択性を有する改善されたnh3削減 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021506565A JP2021506565A JP2020530618A JP2020530618A JP2021506565A JP 2021506565 A JP2021506565 A JP 2021506565A JP 2020530618 A JP2020530618 A JP 2020530618A JP 2020530618 A JP2020530618 A JP 2020530618A JP 2021506565 A JP2021506565 A JP 2021506565A
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- catalyst
- coating
- molecular sieve
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 301
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 98
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 44
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 41
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 41
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 39
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTOQZICBPKDPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu+2].[V+5] Chemical compound [Cu+2].[V+5] WTOQZICBPKDPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N almasilate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxotungsten Chemical class [W]=O VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9436—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
- B01D53/9468—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick in different layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/068—Noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
- B01J29/20—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/22—Noble metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
本発明の触媒物品は、アンモニアスリップ触媒(「ASC」)とも呼ばれる1つ以上のアンモニア酸化触媒を含み得る。1つ以上のASCは、SCR触媒と共に、又はSCR触媒の下流に含まれて、過剰なアンモニアを酸化し、それが大気に放出されるのを防ぐことができる。いくつかの実施形態では、ASCは、SCR触媒と同じ基材上に含まれてもよく、又はSCR触媒とブレンドされてもよい。特定の実施形態では、ASC材料は、NOx又はN2Oの形成の代わりにアンモニアの窒素への酸化を促進するように選択されてもよい。好ましい触媒材料としては、白金、パラジウム、又はこれらの組み合わせが挙げられる。ASCは、担体上に担持された白金及び/又はパラジウムを含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、担体は金属酸化物を含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、担体は、シリカ、チタニア、及び/又はMeをドープしたアルミナ若しくはチタニアを含んでもよく、Meは、W、Mn、Fe、Bi、Ba、La、Ce、Zr、又はこれらの2つ以上の混合物のリストからの金属であってもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、ASCは、ゼオライトなどのモレキュラーシーブ上に担持された白金及び/又はパラジウムを含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、触媒は、アルミナを含むがこれに限定されない、高表面積担体上に配置されている。
本発明のシステムは、1つ以上のSCR触媒を含み得る。
本発明の実施形態は、SCR触媒を含むコーティング、及びASCを含むコーティングを含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、SCR触媒は、第2の触媒コーティングに含まれ、ASCは、第1の触媒コーティングに含まれる。第2の触媒コーティングは、SCR触媒を含んでもよく、これから本質的になってもよく、又はこれからなってもよい。第1の触媒コーティングは、1)担体上の白金族金属、及び2)モレキュラーシーブのブレンドを含んでもよく、これから本質的になってもよく、又はこれからなってもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、ASC技術におけるモレキュラーシーブ及び金属交換モレキュラーシーブの使用により、NH3除去及びN2選択性の両方を改善し得る。このようなコンセプトは次の理由により機能することができる。その理由としては、特に約400℃未満で、NH3を除去して酸化反応に対抗する代替のメカニズムが導入されるためである。N2OがNH3酸化の主な生成物であるのは、これらの温度である。驚くべきことに、酸化層中にアンモニア吸蔵成分を含めることにより、NH3が酸化又は吸蔵され得るものであり、高温ではNH3が放出され、その後NOxを除去するように機能するため、利点をもたらし得ることが見出された。
本発明の触媒物品及びシステムは、1つ以上のディーゼル酸化触媒を含み得る。酸化触媒、特にディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)は、当該技術分野において周知である。酸化触媒は、COをCO2に酸化するように、そして気相炭化水素(HC)及びディーゼル粒子状物の有機成分(可溶性有機成分)を、CO2及びH2Oに酸化するように設計されている。典型的な酸化触媒には、アルミナ、シリカ−アルミナ、及びゼオライトなどの、高表面積無機酸化物担体上の、白金及び所望によりパラジウムも含まれる。
本発明の触媒は、それぞれ、フロースルー基材又はフィルタ基材を更に含んでもよい。一実施形態では、触媒は、フロースルー基材又はフィルタ基材上にコーティングされてもよく、好ましくは、ウォッシュコート手順を用いてフロースルー基材又はフィルタ基材上に堆積されてもよい。
システムは、SCR及び/又はSCRF触媒の上流で排気システムに窒素系還元剤を導入するための手段を含み得る。窒素系還元剤を排気システムに導入するための手段は、SCR又はSCRF触媒のすぐ上流にある(例えば、窒素系還元剤を導入するための手段とSCR又はSCRF触媒との間に介在する触媒が存在しない)ことが好ましい場合がある。
本発明の排出処理システムは、粒子状物質、NOx、及び一酸化炭素を含む排気流を排出するディーゼルエンジンと、本明細書に記載の触媒物品と、を含み得る。システムは、触媒物品の上流にSCR触媒を含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、SCR触媒は、触媒物品と密接に結合している。いくつかの実施形態では、SCR触媒及び触媒物品は、単一の基材上に位置し、SCR触媒は、基材の入口側に位置し、触媒物品は、基材の出口側に位置する。
従来、触媒物品には、上層又は前層にSCR機能、及び底層又は後層にASC機能が含まれていた。本発明の実施形態の触媒では、触媒コーティングは、排気ガスが第1の触媒コーティングと接触する前に、第2の触媒コーティングと接触するように配置されてもよい。驚くべきことに、第1及び第2の層の両方にモレキュラーシーブを含めることにより、NH3変換、並びに望ましい選択性及び触媒活性を有するゾーン化されたASC構成に、様々な利点及び有利な点がもたらされることが見出された。特に、ゼオライト及び金属ゼオライトなどのモレキュラーシーブをASCの酸化成分に組み込むことにより、NTL削減、並びにN2への選択性を改善することができる。
Claims (22)
- 第1の触媒コーティング及び第2の触媒コーティングを含む触媒であって、
前記第1の触媒コーティングが、1)担体上のPt及び2)モレキュラーシーブのブレンドを含み、
前記第2の触媒コーティングが、SCR触媒を含む、触媒。 - 前記SCR触媒が、銅及びモレキュラーシーブを含むCu−SCR触媒、並びに/又は鉄及びモレキュラーシーブを含むFe−SCR触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記担体が、シリカ、チタニア、及び/又はMeをドープしたアルミナ若しくはチタニアを含み、Meは、W、Mn、Fe、Bi、Ba、La、Ce、Zr、又はこれらの2つ以上の混合物から選択される金属を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記モレキュラーシーブが、FER、BEA、CHA、AEI、MOR、MFI、並びにこれらの混合物及び連晶を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記Ptが、前記第1の触媒コーティングの重量に対して、約1g/ft3〜約10g/ft3の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記モレキュラーシーブが、前記第1の触媒コーティングの重量に対して、最大約2g/in3の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記第1及び第2の触媒コーティングは、排気ガスが前記第1の触媒コーティングに接触する前に、前記第2の触媒コーティングと接触するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記第2の触媒コーティングが、前記第1の触媒コーティングと完全に重なり合っている、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記第2の触媒コーティングが、前記第1の触媒コーティングと部分的に重なり合っている、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記第1の触媒コーティング及び前記第2の触媒コーティングが、重なり合っていない、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記第1の触媒コーティングが、前記モレキュラーシーブ上に白金族金属を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記モレキュラーシーブが、金属交換モレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記金属が銅及び/又は鉄を含む、請求項11に記載の触媒。
- 請求項1に記載の触媒と、基材とを含む、触媒物品。
- 前記基材が、コーディエライト、高多孔性コーディエライト、金属基材、押出SCR、ウォールフローフィルタ、フィルタ、又はSCRFである、請求項14に記載の物品。
- a.粒子状物質、NOx、及び一酸化炭素を含む排気流を排出するディーゼルエンジンと、
b.請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の触媒(「SCR/ASC」)と、
を含む、排出処理システム。 - 前記SCR/ASCの上流に上流SCR触媒を更に含む、請求項16に記載のシステム。
- 前記上流SCR触媒が、前記SCR/ASCと密接に結合されている、請求項16に記載のシステム。
- 前記上流SCR触媒及び前記SCR/ASC触媒が、単一の基材上に位置し、前記上流SCR触媒が、前記基材の入口側に位置し、前記SCR/ASC触媒が、前記基材の前記出口側に位置している、請求項16に記載のシステム。
- 排気流からの排出量を低減する方法であって、前記排気流を請求項1に記載の触媒と接触させることを含む、方法。
- 前記触媒が、前記第1の触媒コーティング中にモレキュラーシーブを含まないことを除いて同等である触媒と比較して、より低いピークのN2O排出量をもたらす、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、前記第1の触媒コーティング中にモレキュラーシーブを含まないことを除いて同等である触媒と比較して、ピークのN2O排出量において少なくとも約25%の低減をもたらす、請求項20に記載の方法。
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