JP2021193274A - Variable capacity mechanism and variable capacity type supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a variable capacity mechanism that suppresses abrasion wear between a joint part and a recessed groove, and to provide a variable capacity type supercharger.SOLUTION: A variable capacity mechanism 20 includes: a drive ring 33 rotating with drive force from the outside; a nozzle joint part 51 provided in the drive ring 33; and a nozzle link plate 35 including a recessed groove 36 fitted to the nozzle joint part 51 and rotating together with a nozzle vane 21 with displacement of the nozzle joint part 51. The nozzle joint part 51 has a shape hiding a clearance 58 to the recessed groove 36 when being viewed in a rotation radial direction of the drive ring 33.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a variable capacity mechanism and a variable capacity turbocharger.

Conventionally, as a technique in such a field, the variable capacitance mechanism described in Patent Document 1 below is known. This variable capacitance mechanism includes a drive ring that rotates by an external drive force and a nozzle link plate that rotates together with the nozzle vanes. In order to transmit the driving force from the drive ring to the nozzle link plate, the drive ring is provided with a joint portion, and the nozzle link plate is provided with a concave groove that fits into the joint portion. In this variable capacitance mechanism, the driving force is transmitted through the fitting portion between the joint portion and the concave groove as described above.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-199433 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-065591 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-147921

In such a variable capacitance mechanism, if foreign matter enters the gap between the joint portion and the concave groove, it may cause wear between the joint portion and the concave groove, which may hinder the accurate operation of the variable capacitance mechanism. .. In addition, wear may shorten the life of the variable capacitance mechanism. For example, the material of the turbine housing contains iron, and the turbine housing becomes hot at 700-800 ° C during operation, which can cause rust on the turbine housing, which causes vibration during operation. It may fall off and become the above-mentioned foreign matter. In view of such problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a variable capacitance mechanism and a turbocharger that suppress wear between a joint portion and a concave groove.

The variable capacitance mechanism of the present invention is a variable displacement mechanism that rotates a plurality of nozzle vanes by a driving force from the outside, and is a drive ring that is rotated by the driving force, a nozzle joint portion provided in the drive ring, and a nozzle. A nozzle link plate having a concave groove that fits with the joint portion and rotating together with the nozzle vane due to displacement of the nozzle joint portion is provided, and the nozzle joint portion is concave when viewed in the radial line of rotation of the drive ring. It is a variable capacitance mechanism that has a shape that covers the gap with the groove.

The nozzle joint portion is formed on a pair of outer surfaces facing the inner surface of the concave groove with a gap and a tip portion protruding from the concave groove in the depth direction of the concave groove, and positions the inner surface in the width direction of the concave groove. It may have an overhanging portion that overhangs.

The variable capacitance mechanism of the present invention is a variable capacitance mechanism that rotates a plurality of nozzle vanes by a driving force from the outside, and has a drive link plate that rotates by the driving force, a concave groove provided in the drive link plate, and the like. The drive joint is provided with a drive ring having a drive joint portion that fits into the concave groove and rotating due to the displacement of the concave groove, and a nozzle link plate that rotates together with the nozzle vane due to the rotation of the drive ring. The portion is a variable capacitance mechanism having a shape that covers the gap between the drive ring and the concave groove when viewed from the line of sight in the radial direction of rotation of the drive ring.

The drive joint portion is formed on a pair of outer surfaces facing the inner surface of the concave groove with a gap and a tip portion protruding from the concave groove in the depth direction of the concave groove, and positions the inner surface in the width direction of the concave groove. It may have an overhanging portion that overhangs.

The turbocharger of the present invention is a variable capacity turbocharger provided with any of the above variable capacity mechanisms.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a variable capacity mechanism and a variable capacity turbocharger that suppress wear between a joint portion and a concave groove.

It is sectional drawing of the variable capacity type turbocharger of embodiment. It is a figure which shows the variable capacitance mechanism seen from the axial direction. It is an enlarged view which shows the fitting part of the nozzle joint part and the concave groove of a nozzle link plate. It is an enlarged view which shows the fitting part of the drive joint part and the concave groove of a drive link plate. (A) and (b) are diagrams showing a reference form of a fitting portion. It is a perspective view which shows the reference form of the fitting part.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the rotation axis H of the variable capacity turbocharger 1 of the present embodiment. The turbocharger 1 is a variable-capacity turbocharger provided with a variable-capacity mechanism.

The turbocharger 1 is applied to, for example, an internal combustion engine of a ship or a vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, the turbocharger 1 includes a turbine 2 and a compressor 3. The turbine 2 includes a turbine housing 4 and a turbine impeller 6 housed in the turbine housing 4. The turbine housing 4 has a scroll flow path 16 extending in the circumferential direction around the turbine impeller 6. The compressor 3 includes a compressor housing 5 and a compressor impeller 7 housed in the compressor housing 5. The compressor housing 5 has a scroll flow path 17 extending in the circumferential direction around the compressor impeller 7.

The turbine impeller 6 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 14, and the compressor impeller 7 is provided at the other end of the rotating shaft 14. A bearing housing 13 is provided between the turbine housing 4 and the compressor housing 5. The rotating shaft 14 is rotatably supported by the bearing housing 13 via the bearing 15, and the rotating shaft 14, the turbine impeller 6 and the compressor impeller 7 rotate around the rotating axis H as an integral rotating body 12.

The turbine housing 4 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet (not shown) and an exhaust gas outlet 10. Exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine (not shown) flows into the turbine housing 4 through the exhaust gas inlet, flows into the turbine impeller 6 through the scroll flow path 16, and rotates the turbine impeller 6. After that, the exhaust gas flows out of the turbine housing 4 through the exhaust gas outlet 10.

The compressor housing 5 is provided with a suction port 9 and a discharge port (not shown). When the turbine impeller 6 rotates as described above, the compressor impeller 7 rotates via the rotating shaft 14. The rotating compressor impeller 7 sucks in external air through the suction port 9. This air passes through the compressor impeller 7 and the scroll flow path 17, is compressed, and is discharged from the discharge port. The compressed air discharged from the discharge port is supplied to the above-mentioned internal combustion engine.

In the turbine 2 of the turbocharger 1, a movable nozzle vane 21 is provided in the gas inflow path 19 connecting the scroll flow path 16 and the turbine impeller 6. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of nozzle vanes 21 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference centered on the rotation axis H. Each nozzle vane 21 rotates synchronously around an axis parallel to the rotation axis H. By rotating the plurality of nozzle vanes 21 as described above, the nozzles of the turbine 2 are opened and closed, and the cross-sectional area of the gas flow path is adjusted. In order to drive the nozzle vane 21 as described above, the turbine 2 is provided with a variable capacitance mechanism 20.

Hereinafter, the variable capacitance mechanism 20 will be described in more detail. In the following description, when the terms "axial direction", "diameter direction", "circumferential direction", etc. are simply used, they mean the rotation axis H direction, the rotation radial direction, and the rotation circumferential direction of the turbine impeller 6, respectively. .. Further, when the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are used, they mean the upstream and downstream of the exhaust gas in the scroll flow path 16. Further, in the axial direction, the side closer to the turbine 2 (left side in FIG. 1) may be simply referred to as "turbine side", and the side closer to the compressor 3 (right side in FIG. 1) may be simply referred to as "compressor side".

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a view of the variable capacitance mechanism 20 from the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the variable capacitance mechanism 20 includes a plurality of nozzle vanes 21 (15 in the example of the figure), a mechanism main body 29, a drive link plate 31, a drive ring 33, and a plurality of nozzle link plates. It has 35 and. The mechanism main body 29 is fixed to the turbine housing 4.

The nozzle vane 21 includes a rotation shaft 21a. The mechanism main body 29 is provided with the same number of bearing holes 23 (see FIG. 1) extending in the axial direction as the nozzle vanes 21. The bearing holes 23 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference centered on the rotation axis H. The rotation shaft 21a of each nozzle vane 21 is inserted into the bearing hole 23, and each nozzle vane 21 is rotatable about the rotation shaft 21a in the gas inflow path 19 (see FIG. 1).

A driving force is applied to the drive link plate 31 from an actuator (not shown) outside the turbine 2. By the driving force, the drive link plate 31 rotates in both directions with respect to the mechanism main body 29 around the rotation axis J parallel to the rotation axis H. A concave groove 32 that opens inward in the radial direction is formed at the tip of the drive link plate 31.

The drive ring 33 is attached to the mechanism main body 29 and is rotatable around the rotation axis H with respect to the mechanism main body 29. The drive ring 33 has a ring shape centered on the rotation axis H, and has an overhanging portion 34 extending outward in the radial direction. The overhanging portion 34 is provided with a drive joint portion 71. The drive joint portion 71 projects toward the compressor 3 side and is fitted with the above-mentioned concave groove 32.

Further, the drive ring 33 has a nozzle joint portion 51. The number of nozzle joint portions 51 is the same as that of the nozzle vanes 21, and the nozzle joint portions 51 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and project to the compressor 3 side.

There are as many nozzle link plates 35 as there are nozzle vanes 21. The base end of each nozzle link plate 35 is joined to the rotation shaft 21a of the nozzle vane 21. A concave groove 36 that opens outward in the radial direction is formed at the tip of the nozzle link plate 35. The concave groove 36 is fitted with the nozzle joint portion 51.

Based on the above configuration, each part of the variable capacitance mechanism 20 operates as follows. When the drive link plate 31 is rotated around the rotation axis J by a driving force from the outside, the drive joint portion 71 is pushed in the circumferential direction along with the displacement of the concave groove 32, and as a result, the drive ring 33 is the mechanism main body portion. It rotates around the rotation axis H with respect to 29. Then, when the drive ring 33 rotates around the rotation axis H, the concave groove 36 is pushed in the circumferential direction with the displacement of the nozzle joint portion 51. As a result, each nozzle link plate 35 rotates with respect to the mechanism main body 29 about the rotation shaft 21a together with each nozzle vane 21.

Subsequently, with reference to FIG. 3, the details of the fitting portion 50 between the nozzle joint portion 51 and the concave groove 36 will be described. In the fitting portion 50, the concave groove 36 has a pair of inner side surfaces 57 extending substantially radially and parallel to each other. The nozzle joint portion 51 has a round pin 53 fixed to the drive ring 33 and a rotating member 55 rotatably attached to the round pin 53. The rotating member 55 has a pair of outer surfaces 59 that extend substantially radially and are parallel to each other. Each outer surface 59 of the rotating member 55 and each inner surface 57 of the concave groove 36 face each other with a slight gap 58. Although the size of the gap 58 is exaggerated in the drawing, the gap 58 corresponds to the play between the nozzle joint portion 51 and the nozzle link plate 35, and the actual dimensional ratio is as shown in the drawing. No.

According to this configuration, when the drive ring 33 rotates, the outer surface 59 pushes the inner surface 57 in the circumferential direction, and the nozzle link plate 35 rotates. At this time, the rotating member 55 slightly rotates with respect to the round pin 53. Further, the nozzle joint portion 51 slides relative to the nozzle link plate 35 in the depth direction of the concave groove 36, and the outer surface 59 of the rotating member 55 and the inner surface 57 of the concave groove 36 slide. ..

Here, in the variable capacitance mechanism 20, foreign matter such as dust and rust may enter the gap 58 between the concave groove 36 and the nozzle joint portion 51. Then, when the variable capacitance mechanism 20 is driven, the outer surface 59 of the rotating member 55 and the inner surface 57 of the concave groove 36 are slid by biting foreign matter, and the outer surface 59 and the inner surface 57 are worn. Causes. Such wear shortens the life of the nozzle link plate 35 and the nozzle joint portion 51, and may hinder the accurate operation of the variable capacitance mechanism 20.

Further, this type of turbocharger 1 is generally operated in a posture in which the rotation axis H is horizontal. In this case, in some nozzle link plates 35, the concave groove 36 opens upward. Therefore, there is a particular concern that foreign matter that has fallen from above due to gravity will enter the gap 58. Further, since the material of the turbine housing 4 contains iron and the turbine housing 4 has a high temperature of 700 to 800 ° C. during operation of the turbine 2, rust may occur on the turbine housing 4. Such rust may fall off due to vibration during operation and become the above-mentioned foreign matter.

As a countermeasure, the rotating member 55 has a shape that covers the gap 58 when viewed from the outside in the radial direction with a radial line of sight in order to suppress the intrusion of foreign matter into the gap 58. As a specific shape, the tip portion 55a of the rotating member 55 protrudes radially outward from the concave groove 36 in the depth direction of the concave groove 36. The tip portion 55a is formed with an overhanging portion 63 that extends beyond the position of the inner side surface 57 in the width direction of the concave groove 36. Seen from a line of sight parallel to the inner surface 57 of the concave groove 36, the overhanging portion 63 covers the tip surface 61 on the radial outer side of the nozzle link plate 35. The width of the tip portion 55a including the overhanging portion 63 is substantially equal to the width of the tip surface 61 of the nozzle link plate 35. The rotating member 55 has a T-shaped shape as a whole. The overhanging portion 63 as described above may be integrally formed with the main body of the rotating member 55, or may be joined to the main body as a separate body.

In driving the variable capacitance mechanism 20, the nozzle link plate 35 rotates about the rotation shaft 21a, so that the posture of the nozzle link plate 35 with respect to the radial direction changes. In all postures within the movable range of such a nozzle link plate 35, the rotating member 55 covers the gap 58 when viewed from the radial outside with a radial line of sight.

According to the above configuration, since the overhanging portion 63 of the nozzle joint portion 51 covers the gap 58 when viewed from the outside in the radial direction, it is difficult for foreign matter to enter the gap 58. In particular, foreign matter that tends to enter the gap 58 from the radial direction is suppressed. Therefore, the invasion of foreign matter into the gap 58 is suppressed and the above-mentioned wear is suppressed. As a result, the life of the nozzle link plate 35 and the nozzle joint portion 51 can be extended, and the accurate operation of the variable capacitance mechanism 20 can be ensured.

Based on the same knowledge as the fitting portion 50 as described above, the fitting portion 70 between the drive joint portion 71 and the concave groove 32 also has the same configuration as the fitting portion 50. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in the fitting portion 70, the concave groove 32 has a pair of inner side surfaces 77 extending in the substantially radial direction and parallel to each other. The drive joint portion 71 has a round pin 73 fixed to the drive ring 33 and a rotating member 75 rotatably attached to the round pin 73. The rotating member 75 has a pair of outer surfaces 79 that extend substantially radially and are parallel to each other. Each outer surface 79 of the rotating member 75 and each inner surface 77 of the concave groove 32 face each other with a slight gap 78. Although the size of the gap 78 is exaggerated in the drawing, the gap 78 corresponds to the play between the drive joint portion 71 and the drive link plate 31, and the actual dimensional ratio is as shown in the drawing. No.

According to this configuration, when the drive link plate 31 rotates, the inner side surface 77 pushes the outer surface 79 in the circumferential direction, and the drive ring 33 rotates. At this time, the rotating member 75 slightly rotates with respect to the round pin 73. Further, the drive joint portion 71 slides relative to the drive link plate 31 in the depth direction of the concave groove 32, and the outer surface 79 of the rotating member 75 and the inner surface 77 of the concave groove 32 slide. ..

The rotating member 75 has a shape that covers the gap 78 when viewed from the outside in the radial direction with a radial line of sight, as a configuration for suppressing foreign matter from entering the gap 78. As a specific shape, the tip portion 75a of the rotating member 75 protrudes inward in the radial direction from the concave groove 32 in the depth direction of the concave groove 32. The tip portion 75a is formed with an overhanging portion 83 that extends beyond the position of the inner side surface 77 in the width direction of the concave groove 32. Seen from a line of sight parallel to the inner surface 77 of the concave groove 32, the overhanging portion 83 covers the distal end surface 81 on the radial outer side of the drive link plate 31. The width of the tip portion 75a including the overhanging portion 83 is substantially equal to the width of the tip surface 81 of the drive link plate 31. The rotating member 75 has a T-shaped shape as a whole. The overhanging portion 83 as described above may be integrally formed with the main body of the rotating member 75, or may be joined to the main body as a separate body.

In driving the variable capacitance mechanism 20, since the drive link plate 31 rotates about the rotation axis J, the posture of the drive link plate 31 with respect to the radial direction changes. In all postures within the movable range of such a drive link plate 31, the rotating member 75 covers the gap 78 when viewed from the radial outside with a radial line of sight.

According to the above configuration, since the overhanging portion 83 of the drive joint portion 71 covers the gap 78 when viewed from the outside in the radial direction, it is difficult for foreign matter to enter the gap 78. In particular, foreign matter that tends to enter the gap 78 from the radial direction is suppressed. Therefore, the invasion of foreign matter into the gap 78 is suppressed and the above-mentioned wear is suppressed. As a result, the life of the drive link plate 31 and the drive joint portion 71 can be extended, and the accurate operation of the variable capacitance mechanism 20 can be ensured.

The present invention can be carried out in various forms having various changes and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, including the above-mentioned embodiment. It is also possible to construct a modified example of the embodiment by utilizing the technical matters described in the above-described embodiment. The configurations of the respective embodiments may be combined and used as appropriate.

In the above-described embodiment, both the fitting portion 50 and the fitting portion 70 have a configuration for suppressing foreign matter intrusion as described above, but the configuration is one of the fitting portion 50 and the fitting portion 70. Only may be prepared. Further, it is not essential that all the fitting portions 50 are provided with the above-mentioned foreign matter intrusion suppression configuration, and only some of the fitting portions 50 may be provided with the configuration. For example, as a countermeasure against foreign matter falling from above due to gravity, the fitting portion 50 in which the concave groove 36 opens upward or diagonally upward (for example, the fitting portion located above the rotation axis H). Only 50) may be provided with the above-mentioned foreign matter intrusion suppression configuration.

The fitting portion 50 of the above-described embodiment includes a concave groove 36 that opens outward in the radial direction, but the above-mentioned foreign matter invades the fitting portion that includes the concave groove that opens outward in the radial direction. Suppression configurations may be applied. Further, the fitting portion 70 of the above-described embodiment includes the concave groove 32 that opens in the radial direction, but the fitting portion 70 that includes the concave groove that opens in the radial direction is described above. A foreign matter intrusion suppression configuration may be applied.

[Reference form]
In addition, in this type of variable capacitance mechanism, as a structure for suppressing foreign matter from entering the fitting portion between the links, those shown in FIGS. 5 (a), 5 (b) and 6 can be considered.

In the fitting portion 110 of the variable capacitance mechanism shown in FIG. 5A, a pair of overhanging portions 113 projecting circumferentially toward the inside of the concave groove 112 at the tip portion on the radial outer side of the nozzle link plate 111. Is formed. When viewed from the outside in the radial direction with a radial line of sight, the gap 116 between the concave groove 112 and the nozzle joint portion 115 is covered by the overhanging portion 113. With this configuration, it is difficult for foreign matter to enter the gap 116. Further, as in the fitting portion 120 shown in FIG. 5 (b), instead of the pair of overhanging portions 113, a connecting portion 117 for connecting the tip portions of the nozzle link plates 111 in the circumferential direction is formed. You may.

The fitting portion 130 of the variable capacitance mechanism shown in FIG. 6 includes a U-shaped wall 132 that rises axially from the drive ring 33 and opens inward in the radial direction. The tip portion 131a of the nozzle link plate 131 is sandwiched between a pair of wall surfaces 133 extending in the substantially radial direction of the wall 132. With this structure, when the drive ring 33 rotates, the tip portion 131a moves in the circumferential direction following the movement of the wall 132, and as a result, the nozzle link plate 131 and the nozzle vane rotate around the rotation shaft 21a. do. When viewed from the outside in the radial direction with a radial line of sight, the gap between the tip portion 131a and the wall surface 133 is covered by the wall 132, so that it is difficult for foreign matter to enter the gap.

The structures of FIGS. 5 (a), 5 (b) and 6 are similarly applicable to the fitting portion between the drive link plate and the drive joint portion.

1 Variable capacity turbocharger 21 Nozzle vane 20 Variable capacity mechanism 31 Drive link plate 32 Concave groove 33 Drive ring 35 Nozzle link plate 36 Concave groove 51 Nozzle joint part 57 Inner side surface 59 Outer side surface 58 Gap 63 Overhang part 71 Drive joint part 77 Inner side surface 79 Outer side surface 78 Gap 83 Overhanging part H Rotation axis

Claims (5)

It is a variable capacitance mechanism that rotates multiple nozzle vanes by an external driving force.
A drive ring that is rotated by the drive force and
The nozzle joint portion provided on the drive ring and
A nozzle link plate having a concave groove that fits with the nozzle joint portion and rotating together with the nozzle vane due to displacement of the nozzle joint portion is provided.
The nozzle joint portion is
A variable capacitance mechanism having a shape that covers the gap between the drive ring and the concave groove when viewed from the line of sight in the radial direction of rotation of the drive ring. The nozzle joint portion is
A pair of outer surfaces facing the inner surface of the concave groove with a gap,
The variable capacitance mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising an overhanging portion formed at a tip portion protruding from the concave groove in the depth direction of the concave groove and extending beyond the position of the inner side surface in the width direction of the concave groove. .. It is a variable capacitance mechanism that rotates multiple nozzle vanes by an external driving force.
A drive link plate that rotates by the driving force and
The concave groove provided in the drive link plate and
A drive ring having a drive joint portion that fits into the concave groove and rotating by displacement of the concave groove,
The nozzle link plate, which rotates together with the nozzle vane due to the rotation of the drive ring, is provided.
The drive joint portion is
A variable capacitance mechanism having a shape that covers the gap between the drive ring and the concave groove when viewed from the line of sight in the radial direction of rotation of the drive ring. The drive joint portion is
A pair of outer surfaces facing the inner surface of the concave groove with a gap,
The variable capacitance mechanism according to claim 3, further comprising an overhanging portion formed at a tip portion protruding from the concave groove in the depth direction of the concave groove and extending beyond the position of the inner side surface in the width direction of the concave groove. .. A variable capacity turbocharger provided with the variable capacity mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images