JP2021193012A - Detachable body type truck - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a detachable body type truck which enables easy adjustment of a place and a direction where a body is unloaded.SOLUTION: A detachable body type truck includes a cabin 10, a chassis 20 extending backward from the lower part of the cabin 10, a body 30 loaded on the chassis 20, and a movable arm 40 provided on the chassis 20, and drives the movable arm 40 in a state where an engagement part α1 provided on the tip of the movable arm 40 is engaged with an engaged part α2 provided in the front of the body 30 and thereby unloads the body 30 to the chassis 20, in which a wheel 31 is provided on the rear part bottom surface of the body 30, and the engagement part α1 of the movable arm 40 is used as a columnar pin.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a detachable body type truck having a structure in which a body can be loaded and unloaded with respect to the chassis by driving a movable arm provided on the chassis.

A detachable body type freight vehicle (truck) equipped with a cabin, a chassis extending rearward from the lower part of the cabin, a body loaded on the upper side of the chassis, and a movable arm provided on the chassis is already known ( For example, see FIG. 8 of Patent Document 1). In a detachable body type truck, the body is loaded and unloaded with respect to the chassis by driving the movable arm with the hook provided at the tip of the movable arm locked to the hook bar provided at the front of the body. You can do it.

Movable arms in removable body trucks are sometimes called "arm rolls" (registered trademark of ShinMaywa Industry Co., Ltd.) or "hook rolls" (registered trademark of Far East Development Industry Co., Ltd.) depending on the manufacturer. be. Detachable body type trucks equipped with such a movable arm are mainly used for transporting waste and the like. In this type of truck, the above body is sometimes referred to as a "container".

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-255740

In the above-mentioned detachable body type truck, the work of lowering the body from the chassis is performed by stopping the truck in a predetermined place and then driving the movable arm. However, in a general detachable body type truck, the movable arm has a structure that can rotate only around a horizontal axis parallel to the left-right direction (the width direction of the truck) (a structure that can rotate only in the vertical direction). .. In addition, the hook of the movable arm is locked so that it can rotate only in the vertical direction with respect to the hook bar of the body. For this reason, in a general detachable body type truck, the place where the body is lowered can be adjusted in the front-rear direction (the length direction of the truck), but cannot be adjusted in the left-right direction. In addition, it was not possible to adjust the orientation of the lowered body.

In this respect, in the case of a truck that transports waste and the like, there is not much disadvantage due to the inability to adjust the location and orientation of the lowered body. This is because, in most trucks for such purposes, the body (container) should be unloaded in a rough location in a rough orientation, and the body (container) unloaded from the chassis is It is rarely left in the place for a long time. For this reason, the location and orientation of the body (container) is rarely a problem.

However, depending on the intended use of the body, the place and orientation of the body may be a problem. For example, the applicant is considering making the body usable as a temporary facility such as a temporary office, a temporary store, a temporary house, a temporary hotel, or a temporary toilet. Will be placed in place for a period of time after being removed from the chassis. In addition, if the location and orientation of these temporary facilities are different, problems such as difficulty in using the temporary facilities may occur. For this reason, in this type of body (temporary facility), the place and orientation of lowering it are important.

However, when trying to install this type of body (temporary facility) in the correct orientation in a fixed location using the general detachable body type truck described above, the truck was stopped in the correct location and in the correct orientation. It is necessary to lower the body (temporary facility) later, or to adjust the location and orientation of the body (temporary facility) using a crane or the like after lowering the body (temporary facility) to a rough place. Such a process is very time-consuming.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a detachable body type truck capable of easily adjusting the place and direction in which the body is lowered.

The above issues are
With the cabin
A chassis that extends backward from the bottom of the cabin,
The body loaded on the upper side of the chassis and
Equipped with a movable arm provided on the chassis,
By driving the movable arm with the locking portion provided at the tip of the movable arm locked to the locked portion provided at the front of the body, the body can be loaded and unloaded with respect to the chassis. It is a detachable body type truck that I made
Wheels are provided on the bottom of the rear part of the body, and
The problem is solved by providing a detachable body type truck characterized in that the locking portion of the movable arm is a pin forming a columnar shape.

In this way, by using the locking portion of the movable arm as a pin, the locked portion of the body to which it is locked swivels in the left-right direction (horizontal swivel) around the locking portion (pin) of the movable arm. ) It becomes easy to do. In addition, wheels are provided on the bottom surface of the rear part of the body. For this reason, when the steering wheel is turned back while moving the truck forward or backward with only the front side of the body lowered to the ground slightly lifted by the movable arm (only the wheels on the rear bottom of the body have landed), the chassis The body will turn left and right (horizontal turning). Therefore, it is possible to adjust the location and orientation of the body while observing the actual state of the body at the site. In addition, heavy machinery such as cranes is not required. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily adjust the place and direction in which the body is lowered.

In the detachable body type truck of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a diameter-expanded portion at the tip of a pin forming the locking portion of the movable arm. As a result, when loading and unloading the body, the locking portion (pin) is firmly locked to the locked portion so that the locking portion (pin) of the movable arm does not come off from the locked portion of the body. It will be possible to make it. Therefore, it is possible to improve the safety of the loading and unloading work of the body.

In the detachable body type truck of the present invention, it is also preferable that the locked portion of the body is a bar bent in a V shape in a plan view so that the central portion in the left-right direction protrudes forward. As a result, when the locking portion (pin) of the movable arm is locked to the locked portion (bar) of the body, the locking portion (pin) is naturally located at the center of the locked portion (bar) in the left-right direction. Will be guided. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the turning center from shifting when the body turns horizontally with respect to the movable arm. Therefore, it becomes easier for the body to smoothly turn horizontally with respect to the chassis, and it becomes easier to adjust the place and orientation in which the body is installed.

In the detachable body type truck of the present invention, it is also preferable to provide the wheels provided on the rear bottom surface of the body in a state where the truck can turn horizontally with respect to the body. As already mentioned, the body turns horizontally with respect to the chassis when the steering wheel is turned back while moving the truck forward or backward. By allowing the wheels of the body to turn horizontally, the truck The radius of gyration can be reduced (making it easier for the truck to make small turns). Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the installation location and orientation of the body even in a narrow site.

In the detachable body type truck of the present invention, it is also preferable to provide height-adjustable legs on the front bottom surface of the body. As will be described later, when the body installed by lowering it from the chassis is used as a temporary facility, it is required to install the body horizontally after it is lowered, but the height of the legs of the body can be adjusted. By doing so, the body can be installed horizontally even if the ground on which the body is installed is inclined or has undulations.

In the detachable body type truck of the present invention, it is also preferable that the periphery of the tip portion including the locking portion of the movable arm is a detachable attachment that can be removed from other portions of the movable arm. As already described, in the general detachable body type truck, the locking part of the movable arm is a hook, whereas in the detachable body type truck of the present invention, the locking portion of the movable arm is a pin. It has become. In this regard, if the tip of the movable arm is used as a detachable attachment, and for example, a detachable attachment having a pin-shaped locking portion and a detachable attachment having a hook-shaped locking portion are prepared, the present invention can be used. It is also possible to use a detachable body type truck as a general detachable body type truck.

In the detachable body type truck of the present invention, it is also preferable that the body can be used as a temporary facility. Examples of temporary facilities include temporary offices, temporary stores, temporary houses, temporary hotels, and temporary toilets. There is a strong demand for this type of temporary facility to be installed in the right place and in the right orientation. Therefore, when the body is used as these temporary facilities, it is more meaningful to adopt the configuration related to the detachable body type truck of the present invention.

By the way, even if a general facility (building) is temporary, if the installation area ^{exceeds 10 m 2} , it is necessary to construct a foundation and fix the facility (building) to the ground. be. In addition, property tax will be levied on the facility (building). In this respect, the body of the detachable body type truck of the present invention is not a building but a part of a vehicle. Therefore, even when the body is used as a temporary facility, there is an advantage that the above-mentioned restrictions are eliminated. Therefore, it is possible to provide facilities that can be easily used at low cost.

As described above, the present invention makes it possible to provide a detachable body type truck capable of easily adjusting the place and direction in which the body is lowered.

It is a figure which looked at the detachable body type truck which concerns on this invention from the side, and is the figure which showed the state which the body was stacked on the chassis. It is a figure which looked at the detachable body type truck which concerns on this invention from the side, and is the figure which showed the state in the process of lowering a body from a chassis. It is a figure which looked at the detachable body type truck which concerns on this invention from the side, and is the figure which showed the state which the body was finished to take down from a chassis. It is a perspective view which showed the body and the vicinity of the tip of the movable arm in the detachable body type truck which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which looked at the truck of the detachable body type which concerns on this invention from above, and is the figure which showed the state which the body is horizontally swiveled with respect to the chassis. It is a figure which showed the state which (a) was seen from the upper side, and (b) the state which was seen from the side of the locked part of the body in the detachable body type truck which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the state which cut the body in the vertical plane in the detachable body type truck which concerns on this invention.

A preferred embodiment of the detachable body type truck of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings. The configuration described below is an example until it gets tired, and the technical scope of the detachable body type truck of the present invention is not limited to the configuration described below. The detachable body type truck of the present invention can be appropriately modified as long as the gist of the invention is not impaired.

1 to 3 are views of the detachable body type truck according to the present invention as viewed from the side. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the detachable body type truck of the present invention includes a cabin 10 having a driver's seat, a chassis 20 extending rearward from the lower part of the cabin 10, and a body 30 loaded on the upper side of the chassis 20. , A movable arm 40 provided on the chassis 20 is provided. The body 30 may be a container or the like for transporting waste, but in the truck of the present embodiment, the body 30 is a temporary facility (temporary office, temporary store, or the like, as shown in FIG. 4 described later. , Temporary houses, temporary hotels, temporary toilets, etc.).

This truck drives the movable arm 40 in a state where _{the locking portion α 1} provided at the tip of the movable arm 40 is _{locked to the locked portion α 2} provided at the front portion of the body 30. By rotating the movable arm 40 in the vertical direction (vertical rotation) along the vertical plane, the body 30 can be loaded and unloaded with respect to the chassis 20. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the body 30 is loaded on the chassis 20, FIG. 2 shows a state in which the body 30 is being lowered from the chassis 20, and FIG. 3 shows a state in which the body 30 has been lowered from the chassis 20. Each is shown.

As shown in FIG. 2, the movable arm 40 is composed of a first arm 41 and a second arm 42, and has an L-shaped side view. The base end side of the first arm 41 is pivotally supported by a bearing (not shown) so as to be vertically rotatable with respect to the chassis 20. The locking portion α ₁ is provided at the tip of the second arm 42 (the end opposite to the end (base end) connected to the first arm 41). The tip of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 43 is connected to the middle portion of the first arm 41.

Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 1 (the state in which the body 30 is stacked on the chassis 20), the first part 41 of the movable arm 40 lies substantially horizontally under the body 30 (the second part). Although 42 is in a state of standing substantially vertically), when the hydraulic cylinder 43 is driven and extended, the first arm 41 rotates upward (rotates backward) and rises as shown in FIG. Later, as shown in FIG. 3, the first arm 42 is tilted rearward. In the following, such an operation of the movable arm 40 may be referred to as a “lowering operation”. By this lowering operation of the movable arm 40, the front part of the body 30 is lifted and pushed backward, so that the body 30 is lowered from the chassis 20.

On the contrary, when the hydraulic cylinder 43 is driven and contracted from the state shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 2, the first arm 41 rotates upward (rotates forward) and rises, and then, as shown in FIG. As shown, the first arm 41 is in a state of lying substantially horizontally. In the following, such an operation of the movable arm 40 may be referred to as a “stacking operation”. By this stacking operation of the movable arm 40, the front portion of the body 30 is lifted and pulled forward, so that the body 30 is stacked on the chassis 20.

In the truck of the present embodiment, a pair of left and right rollers 21 are provided on the upper surface of the rear portion of the chassis 20. Therefore, the bottom of the body 30 to be loaded and unloaded can be smoothly guided by the roller 21.

Wheels 31 are provided on the rear bottom surface of the body 30, and legs 32 are provided on the front bottom surface of the body 30. In the truck of the present embodiment, the wheels 31 and the legs 32 are provided in pairs on the left and right, respectively. Therefore, when the body 30 is installed on the ground, as shown in FIG. 2, from the time when the rear wheel 31 of the body 30 hits the ground, as shown in FIG. 3, the body 30 The body 50 moves smoothly backward with respect to the ground until the front leg hits the ground, and the body 30 can be smoothly lowered.

On the contrary, when the body 30 is collected, the state shown in FIG. 3 (the state in which the body 30 is installed on the ground) is changed to the state shown in FIG. 2 (the state in which the wheels 31 at the rear of the body 30 start to float from the ground). Until this happens, the body 50 moves smoothly forward with respect to the ground, and the body 30 can be smoothly stacked on the chassis 20. In addition, the legs 32 allow the body 30 placed on the ground to be kept horizontal. In the truck of the present embodiment, the legs 32 are height-adjustable. Therefore, even when the ground is inclined or the ground is undulating, the body 30 can be installed horizontally by adjusting the height of the legs 32.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the body 30 and the vicinity of the tip end portion of the movable arm 40 in the detachable body type truck according to the present invention. As described above, in the general detachable body type truck, the locking portion α ₁ of the movable arm 40 is a hook, whereas in the detachable body type truck of the present invention, as shown in FIG. _{The locking portion α 1} of the movable arm 40 is a pin forming a columnar shape. Therefore, even when the locking portion α ₁ (pin) of the movable arm 40 is locked to the locked _{portion α 2 of the body 30, the locked portion α 2} is still the locked portion α ₁ (pin). It has a structure that makes it easy to turn (horizontally turn) in the left-right direction around the center. In other words, in a state of smooth horizontal turn of the locked portion alpha ₂ around the locking portion alpha ₁ is allowed.

Therefore, while the wheels 31 at the rear of the body 30 land, the legs 32 at the front of the body 30 are slightly lifted from the ground (from the state shown in FIG. 3, only the front of the body 30 is slightly lifted. as state), when Kirikaesu the handle while advancing or retracting the track, as indicated by the arrow a ₁ in FIG. 5, so that body 30 is pivoted in the lateral direction (horizontal turning) relative to the chassis 20. FIG. 5 is a view of the detachable body type truck according to the present invention as viewed from above, showing a state in which the body 30 is horizontally swiveled with respect to the chassis 20.

By making the body 30 horizontally swivel with respect to the chassis 20 in this way, it becomes possible to adjust the place and orientation in which the body 30 is installed while observing the actual state of the body 30 at the site. .. Since the installation work of the body 30 is completed only by the truck, heavy machinery such as a crane is not required. Therefore, the place and direction in which the body 30 is lowered can be easily adjusted.

When the body 30 is used as a temporary facility such as a temporary office, a temporary store, a temporary house, a temporary hotel, or a temporary toilet as in the truck of the present embodiment, the body 30 is used. In many cases, it is necessary to install the product in a fixed place in a fixed orientation and accurately, and even in such a case, it can be easily dealt with.

Further, in the track of the embodiment, the wheels 31 of the rear bottom of the body 30, as shown by arrow A ₂ in FIG. 5, are provided with horizontal swivel state with respect to the body 30. Therefore, as described above, when adjusting the place and direction in which the body 30 is lowered (when turning the steering wheel while moving the truck forward or backward), the truck tends to bend with a small radius. In other words, it makes it easier for trucks to make small turns. Therefore, even when the site where the body 30 is installed is narrow, the body 30 can be easily handled, and the installation location and orientation of the body 30 can be easily adjusted.

In addition, in the detachable body type truck of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, the locked portion α ₂ of the body 30 is viewed in a plan view so that the central portion thereof in the left-right direction protrudes forward. The bar is bent in a V shape. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the locked portion α ₂ (bar) is inclined in the front-rear direction with respect to the horizontal plane, and the locked portion α ₂ (bar) is central in the left-right direction (front end). The portion) is set to be higher than both ends (rear end portions) in the left-right direction of _{the locked portion α 2 (bar).} FIG. 6 is a diagram showing (a) a state of being viewed from above and (b) a state of being viewed from the side of the _{locked portion α 2} of the body 30 in the detachable body type truck according to the present invention. Is.

_{Therefore, when the locking portion α 1} (pin) of the movable arm 40 is locked to the _{locked portion α 2} (bar) of the _{body 30, the locking portion α 1} (pin) becomes the locked portion α _2. It is designed to be naturally guided to the center part (front end part) in the left-right direction of (bar). Therefore, when the body 30 makes a horizontal turn with respect to the chassis 20, the turning center thereof is less likely to shift. Therefore, the body 30 can easily turn horizontally with respect to the chassis 20.

The bending angle θ (FIG. 6A) of the locked portion α ₂ (bar) is preferably 90 ° or more. This is because if _{the bending angle θ of the locked portion α 2} (bar) is smaller than 90 °, it may be difficult to lock the locked portion α _{1 to the locked portion α 2.} It is more preferable that the bending angle θ of the locked portion α _{2 (bar) is 100 ° or more.} However, if the bending angle θ of the locked portion α ₂ (bar) becomes too large (too close to 180 °), the locked portion α ₁ (pin) of _{the movable arm 40 becomes the locked portion α 2 of the body 30.} When locked to the (bar), the locked portion α ₁ (pin) may not be smoothly guided to the central portion (front end portion) in the left-right direction of the _{locked portion α 2 (bar).} Therefore, the bending angle θ of the locked portion α ₂ (bar) is preferably 170 ° or less. The bending angle θ of the locked portion α ₂ (bar) is more preferably 160 ° or less, and further preferably 150 ° or less.

Further, the inclination angle φ (FIG. 6B) of the locked portion α _{2 is preferably 10 ° or more.} When locked portion alpha ₂ of the inclination angle φ is smaller than 10 °, since decreases the significance of tilting in the longitudinal direction engaging portion alpha _2. The inclination angle φ of the locked portion α ₂ is more preferably 20 ° or more, and further preferably 30 ° or more. However, excessively increasing the inclination angle φ of the locked portion alpha _2, it may become hard to lock the locking portion alpha ₁ to the locked portion alpha _2. Therefore, the inclination angle φ of the locked portion α ₂ is preferably 80 ° or less. The inclination angle φ of the locked portion α ₂ is more preferably 70 ° or less, and further preferably 60 ° or less.

_{The locking portion α 1} (pin) to be locked to the locked portion α ₂ (bar) may be formed in a simple columnar shape. However, in that case, if the tip of the movable arm 40 may be lowered during the above-mentioned unloading operation or stacking operation, the locked portion α ₂ (bar) to the locked portion α ₁ (pin) may be lowered. May come off to the lower side, and the locking portion α ₁ (pin) and the locked portion α ₂ (bar) may be disengaged. Therefore, in the truck of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 _{, the enlarged diameter portion α 3} is provided at the tip of the pin forming the _{locking portion α 1.} Therefore, even if the locking portion α ₁ (pin) tries to sink downward with _{respect to the locked portion α 2 (bar), the enlarged diameter portion α 3} is caught by the locked portion α ₂ (bar). , The locking portion α ₁ (pin) and the locked portion α ₂ (bar) are not disengaged.

The portion of the second arm 42 _{provided with the locking portion α 1} (pin) (the tip end side portion 42a of the second arm 42 in FIG. 4) is the other portion of the second arm 42 (the second arm 42 in FIG. 4). It may be completely integrated with the proximal end side portion 42b) of. However, when it is not necessary to finely adjust the location and orientation of the body 30 such as when the body 30 is a container for transporting waste (the body 30 lowered from the chassis 20 should move only straight backward). If preferred). In such a case, if the locking portion α ₁ is a pin, the direction of the body 30 lowered from the chassis 20 changes slightly, which is troublesome.

In this respect, in the truck of the present embodiment, the tip end side portion 42a of the second arm 42 is a detachable attachment that can be removed and replaced from the base end side portion 42b of the second arm 42. Therefore, if a tip side portion 42a (detachable attachment) provided with a locking portion α ₁ having a form other than a pin (for example, a hook that does not allow horizontal turning) is separately prepared, the base end of the second arm 42. By switching the attachment / detachment attachment attached to the side portion 42b to another one, the locking portion α ₁ can be switched from the pin to the hook. Therefore, the form of the _{locking portion α 1} can be changed according to the type of the body 30 and the like.

Moreover, the wheels 31 of the rear bottom of the body 30, be assumed to be capable of switching between a state that can be horizontal turn in the direction of arrow A ₂ in FIG. 4 (non-locked state) can not be horizontal turning state (locked state) preferable. As a result, when the _{locking portion α 1} (hook or the like) that does not allow horizontal turning in the direction of _{the arrow A 1} of the body 30 is used, the wheel 31 is locked and the direction of the body 30 lowered from the chassis 20. Can be unintentionally hard to change.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the body 30 of the detachable body type truck according to the present invention is cut in a vertical plane. In the truck of the present embodiment, the inside of the body 30 is a room in which a person can work, as shown in FIG. 7. The body 30 is also provided with windows, doors, and the like (see FIG. 4). Electrical equipment such as a lighting 51 and an air conditioner 52 is provided in this room. Further, an electric outlet 53 is also provided. Therefore, the body 30 can be comfortably used as a temporary facility such as a temporary office, a temporary store, a temporary house, a temporary hotel, and a temporary toilet.

The electric devices 51 and 52 and the electric outlet 53 may be supplied with electric power from a commercial power source. However, the body 30 is expected to be installed in a mountain, a riverbed, or the like, and is not always installed in a place where commercial power can be obtained. Therefore, in the truck of the present embodiment, electric power is supplied from the power generation means 54 provided in the body 30. Examples of the power generation means 54 include a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, and the like. A battery 55 is also attached to the body 30 so that electric power can be used even at night. The temporary facility provided by the body 30 is an "off-grid" type facility that can supply electric power by private power generation without using a power grid from an electric power company. Further, the temporary facility provided by the body 30 is not legally a building and is treated as a part of a vehicle. For this reason, in addition to being able to be easily installed without constructing a foundation or the like, property tax is not levied.

10 Cabin 20 Chassis 21 Roller 30 Body 31 Wheels 32 Legs 40 Movable arm 41 First arm 42 Second arm 42a Second arm tip side part 42b Second arm base end side part 43 Hydraulic cylinder 51 Lighting 52 Air conditioner 53 Electricity Outlet 54 Solar power generation device (power generation means)
55 battery
A ₁ Direction of horizontal turning of the _{body A 2} Direction of horizontal turning of the wheels on the bottom of the rear part of the body α ₁ Locking part α ₂ Locked part α ₃ Diameter expansion part

Claims (7)

With the cabin
A chassis that extends backward from the bottom of the cabin,
The body loaded on the upper side of the chassis and
Equipped with a movable arm provided on the chassis,
By driving the movable arm with the locking portion provided at the tip of the movable arm locked to the locked portion provided at the front of the body, the body can be loaded and unloaded with respect to the chassis. It is a detachable body type truck that I made
Wheels are provided on the bottom of the rear part of the body, and
A detachable body type truck characterized by the fact that the locking part of the movable arm is a pin that forms a columnar shape.
The detachable body type truck according to claim 1, wherein a diameter-expanded portion is provided at the tip of a pin forming a locking portion of the movable arm.
The detachable body type truck according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the locked portion of the body is a bar bent in a V shape in a plan view so that the central portion in the left-right direction protrudes forward.
The detachable body type truck according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wheels provided on the rear bottom surface of the body are provided so as to be able to turn horizontally with respect to the body.
The detachable body type truck according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein height-adjustable legs are provided on the front bottom surface of the body.
The detachable body type truck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the periphery of the tip portion including the locking portion of the movable arm is a detachable attachment that can be removed from other portions of the movable arm.
The detachable body type truck according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the body can be used as a temporary facility.

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