JP2021191188A - Power distribution system allowing multiple users to use shared storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

To increase the billing amount that is to be applied to the cost burden of each user or the cost of replacement, etc. as the degree of deterioration caused by the use of shared storage battery by each user is greater in a system which distributes power of a storage battery shared by multiple users.SOLUTION: A power distribution system in which a shared storage battery is installed and a plurality of users can use the shared storage battery, includes: storage battery deterioration index value acquisition means that acquires a deterioration index value indicating the magnitude of the influence on the deterioration of the state of the shared storage battery which affects the progress of deterioration of the shared storage battery due to its use when each user uses the shared storage battery; and means that increases the billing amount of a user who has a large degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery estimated using the deterioration index value in the use of the shared storage battery, compared to a user who has a small degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery, as billing amount calculation means that calculates the billing amount of each user for the use of the shared storage battery of the user.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a power distribution system in which a plurality of users can use a shared storage battery, and more specifically, relates to a configuration for calculating a charge amount of a user who uses the shared storage battery in the power distribution system. ..

In recent years, natural variable renewable energy power generation such as solar power generation has become widespread, but the power generation pattern of variable power sources does not always match the demand pattern of users. There is an increasing demand for storage batteries to absorb the imbalance and utilize the power of variable power sources as much as possible. However, since the price of storage batteries is still at a high level, as a social implementation of storage batteries, multiple users in a certain area share the storage batteries (shared storage batteries) to reduce the cost burden of each user. Is attracting attention. As an example of the use of such a storage battery or a power storage device, for example, in Patent Document 1, a renewable energy power generation device, a storage battery, and a load that consumes electric power are interconnected in the downstream (lower system) of the distribution network. In a configuration with a large-scale system installed, power transmission / reception between the small-scale system and the upstream (upper system) of the distribution network can be achieved while reducing the capacity of the storage battery in the small-scale system to reduce costs. A method of planning the operation of a storage battery has been proposed so that the electric power can be kept low and the backflow (backflow of electric power) from the lower system to the upper system, which can have an adverse effect on the upper system, can be reduced as much as possible. In Patent Document 2, a storage battery and a renewable power source are connected to the energy system, and for the purpose of suppressing deterioration of the storage battery, when the storage battery is charged, until the SOC of the storage battery reaches the upper limit of the SOC appropriately set in advance. The charge / discharge of the storage battery is individually maintained so that the charge state of the storage battery is maintained, and when the storage battery is discharged, the charge state of the storage battery is maintained until the SOC of the storage battery reaches the preset lower limit of the SOC. It has been proposed to control the battery. Patent Document 3 describes, in a power storage device connected to a power transmission / distribution network together with a load and a power source, to secure a balance between supply and demand of power of the network every moment to stabilize the system frequency of the network, or to stabilize the system frequency of the network. The charge / discharge target SOC and charge / discharge current rate are controlled so that the charge / discharge to secure the balance between the supply and demand of electric power and stabilize the supply and demand in the power transmission / distribution network reduces the degree of capacity deterioration of the power storage device. It discloses the configuration to be executed. In Patent Document 4, in the configuration of charging the battery mounted on the electric vehicle from the charging station or the charging pole provided by the business operator, the amount of electric power that can be used after charging depends on the state of the battery. Disclosed are methods and devices for estimating battery status based on recorded data on battery usage, stored battery usage modes, and the like.

JP 2013-13240 International release 2011/016273 JP 2016-34170 Special table 2016-513241

By the way, since the storage battery deteriorates with its use (decrease in electric capacity and charge / discharge efficiency), it needs to be replaced at each life or periodically, and the cost is incurred each time. In that case, the replacement cost (the cost of replacing the storage battery; the cost of other maintenance, etc. may be included) or at least a part thereof shall be borne by the user who used the shared storage battery. Can be considered. In this regard, the progress of deterioration of the storage battery due to the use of a certain storage battery differs depending on the usage status, so each user is equally burdened with the cost of replacing the shared storage battery regardless of the usage status of each shared storage battery. If this is the case, it is expected that the usage of the shared storage battery will cause an unfair feeling between users who have a large effect on the deterioration of the storage battery (users who have used it with a large degree of deterioration) and users who do not. To. That is, it would be appropriate that the greater the influence of the usage status of the user's storage battery on the deterioration of the storage battery, the greater the burden of costs such as replacement of the user's storage battery. Therefore, when the cost of replacing the shared storage battery is borne by the user who uses the shared storage battery, each user bears the cost according to the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery in the usage status of each shared storage battery. It is desirable to be able to determine the ratio of the above or the amount charged for replacement costs. The degree of deterioration of the storage battery in the usage status of the shared storage battery can be estimated by using the state of the storage battery at that time, such as the SOC and temperature of the storage battery when the storage battery is used.

Thus, one object of the present invention is that in a power distribution system in which a plurality of users share a storage battery, the greater the degree of deterioration due to the use of the shared storage battery of each user, the more the cost burden of each user is. Alternatively, it is to provide a system that enables a large amount of charges for replacement costs.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is a power distribution system in which a shared storage battery is installed and a plurality of users can use the shared storage battery.
Storage battery deterioration index value acquisition means for acquiring a deterioration index value indicating the magnitude of the influence on the deterioration of the state of the shared storage battery, which affects the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery due to the use of the shared storage battery by each user. When,
The degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery estimated by using the deterioration index value in the use of the shared storage battery as a billing amount calculating means for calculating the charge amount of each user for the use of the shared storage battery by each user. A means to increase the charge amount of the user who had a large amount of money as compared with the user who had a small degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery estimated by using the deterioration index value in the use of the shared storage battery.
Achieved by a system that includes.

In the above configuration, the "shared storage battery" is connected to a distribution network in a normal mode in which power is distributed and supplied to a plurality of users, and consumes or stores power of each user connected to the distribution network. Power supply to any electrical equipment (home appliances, industrial machinery, vehicle storage batteries, etc.) or charging of power from any power generation equipment (solar power generation equipment, gas power generation equipment, etc.) of each user connected to the distribution network. Any type of storage battery that is possible. Such a storage battery may typically be a charge / discharge rechargeable lithium ion battery or another rechargeable / dischargeable storage battery (for example, a lead storage battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a NAS battery). "Use of shared storage battery" by each user means that power is supplied from the shared storage battery to any electric device of each user (in the case of discharge from the storage battery) and the power obtained from each user's power generation device is used as the shared storage battery. It may include the case of storing electricity (the case of charging the storage battery). The "progress of deterioration of the shared storage battery" refers to the use of the shared storage battery of the user, that is, when the shared storage battery is the user's device (hereinafter, "device", power is consumed unless otherwise specified. Or, the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery caused by the charging and discharging of the shared storage battery when receiving or transmitting power to and from the device that stores electricity and the device that generates electricity (storage battery). The amount of decrease in electric capacity or charge / discharge efficiency). The "deterioration index value" is a numerical value of the magnitude of the influence of the state of the storage battery, which affects the progress of deterioration, on the progress of deterioration. It has been found that the deterioration of the shared storage battery depends not only on the amount of charge and discharge when the shared storage battery is used, but also on the condition of the shared storage battery such as the temperature of the shared storage battery and the SOC of the shared storage battery (corresponding to the voltage between terminals). The deterioration index value may be a function of a parameter representing the state of those shared storage batteries (it may be defined that the larger the degree of deterioration, the larger the deterioration index value). The user's "charge amount" is the usage fee of the shared storage battery that is used for the replacement of the shared storage battery or the cost required for maintenance (replacement cost), and is the burden ratio in the replacement cost of the shared storage battery. It is a fee charged to the user accordingly.

In the above configuration, when each user uses the shared storage battery, the storage battery deterioration index value acquisition means acquires a deterioration index value indicating the magnitude of the influence of the state of the shared storage battery on the degree of deterioration. .. The billing amount of each user is estimated by using the acquired deterioration index value of each user, and the user's billing amount is estimated by the user with a large degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery. It is determined that the charge amount of the user increases as the charge amount of the shared storage battery increases or the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery increases. According to this configuration, the charge amount of each user to be allocated to the cost of replacing the shared storage battery is determined according to the degree of progress of deterioration due to the use of the shared storage battery of each user. Since users who have advanced the deterioration of the shared storage battery will bear the cost of replacing the shared storage battery at a larger rate, the charge for each user will be charged for the deterioration of the shared storage battery due to the use of each shared storage battery. It becomes possible to make a more fair decision according to the degree of progress.

In the above-described embodiment of the system of the present invention, the charge amount of each user may be determined each time the shared storage battery of each user is used, using the deterioration index value at that time, but it may be determined as appropriate. For each predetermined period (for example, one week, January, several months, one year, several years) that may be set, the degree of deterioration estimated using the deterioration index value of each user in that period is totaled. Therefore, the billing amount of each user may be determined according to the ratio of the aggregated value. Alternatively, the charge amount of each user is calculated by totaling the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery by each user from the start of use to the time of replacement each time the shared storage battery is replaced, and the deterioration by each user in the totaled result. The billing amount of each user may be determined according to the ratio of the degree of. It is conceivable that the total charge amount of each user is determined according to the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery that has progressed in the predetermined period by referring to the total cost of replacing the shared storage battery. Here, the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery that has progressed during the predetermined period is the degree of deterioration from the start of use of the shared storage battery (without deterioration) to the limit of allowable deterioration of the shared storage battery (start of use). It may be the ratio of the progress of deterioration of the shared storage battery (change in electric capacity during that period) to the change in electric capacity from time to the time when replacement is required.

The deterioration state of the shared storage battery, that is, the degree of deterioration at any time point, may be measured by any method. As one embodiment, as described in the column of the later embodiment, the larger the decrease in the terminal voltage of the shared storage battery when the shared storage battery is fully charged and then discharged for a certain period of time, the larger the decrease in the terminal voltage of the shared storage battery is. Since it has been found that the degree of deterioration (the amount of decrease in the electric capacity or charge / discharge efficiency of the storage battery from the start of use) becomes large, the shared storage battery after being discharged for a certain period of time after being fully charged. The deterioration state of the shared storage battery may be determined by measuring the amount of decrease in the terminal voltage.

By the way, in the configuration in which the billing amount of each user is determined by the above-mentioned system of the present invention, the billing amount of each user is determined depending on the state of the shared storage battery when the shared storage battery is used. Will be. That is, if the shared storage battery is used in the state of the shared storage battery having a high deterioration index value, the charge amount will be high. Therefore, if it is possible to select the time when the deterioration index value becomes as low as possible as the time when the shared storage battery is used, the deterioration of the shared storage battery can be suppressed and the user's charge can be reduced. .. In this regard, the deterioration index value corresponding to the state of the shared storage battery at any future time can be predicted by using the history of the state of the shared storage battery in the past or so far. Therefore, in the system of the present invention, when a certain user intends to use the shared storage battery, it may be possible to select a time when the deterioration index value becomes as small as possible. Thus, in one aspect of the invention, the system of the invention selects a means of accepting a user's request for use of the shared storage battery and a time of use of the shared storage battery at which the deterioration index value due to the user's use is low. A means of performing the use of the shared battery by the user at a selected time of use may be included. Here, the user's request for use of the shared storage battery may include information such as a time zone in which the shared storage battery is desired to be used or a time zone in which the shared storage battery can be used, and the requested charge / discharge amount of the shared storage battery. .. The time when the deterioration index value becomes as small as possible may be selected by referring to the history of the state of the shared storage battery up to that point.

In the above-mentioned distribution system of the present invention, when the user uses or generates electric power, the user uses a shared storage battery and uses the grid power of the distribution network (power supplied from the power generation device of the distribution network). (When using) or when selling power to the distribution network) can be selected. In this regard, the amount charged for using the shared storage battery varies depending on the state of the shared storage battery as described above, and the cost (electricity charge, etc.) associated with the use of the grid power also varies depending on the time and situation. In that case, if the cost of the latter is cheaper than the former, the latter is selected, and if the cost of the former is cheaper than the latter, the former is preferably selected. Therefore, in the system of the present invention, a means for acquiring the charge amount due to the use of the shared storage battery and the usage charge for the grid power of the distribution network is provided so that the user can select a lower price mode. It's okay. Here, in the selection process, the user may select the mode to be used by referring to the cost, or the system may automatically select the mode with a lower cost.

Thus, according to the above-mentioned configuration of the present invention, in the power distribution system configured so that the shared storage battery can be used by a plurality of users, each of them depends on the degree of deterioration due to the use of the shared storage battery of each user. Since the ratio of the user's cost burden is determined, it is possible to make each user bear the cost of replacing the shared storage battery more fairly according to the usage status of the shared storage battery of each user. The configuration of the present invention may be applied not only to the grid distribution network in which the power plant is installed, but also to the local distribution network.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent by the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 1A is a schematic block diagram of a power distribution system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1B is a diagram showing the configuration of a shared storage battery management device according to the present embodiment in the form of a block diagram. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the operation of calculating the billing amount of each user for the cost of replacing the shared storage battery in the management device of the power distribution system according to the present embodiment in the form of a flowchart. 3A and 3B are graphs showing maps representing deterioration index values kt and kv given to the temperature of the shared storage battery and the voltage between terminals according to the present embodiment, respectively. FIG. 4A is an example of the time change of the terminal voltage of the storage battery when the storage battery is fully charged and then discharged. FIGS. 4 (B) and 4 (C) show the experimentally obtained difference in terminal voltage (transient difference voltage ΔVo) between when the storage battery is fully charged and when the storage battery is subsequently discharged for a certain period of time. ), And the relationship between the total electric capacity of the storage battery and the charge / discharge efficiency. FIG. 5A is a diagram schematically showing the state of time change of the deterioration index value in one day. FIG. 5B is a process incorporating a configuration in which the user's shared storage battery is used at a time smaller than the deterioration index value in the operation of calculating the charge amount of each user in FIG. It is the figure which showed the operation in the form of a flowchart.

1 ... Power plant 2 ... Shared storage battery 10 ... Distribution line RP ... Power receiving point (transformer)
B ... In-vehicle storage battery EV ... Vehicle equipped with a power storage device P ... Power generation device for each user m ... Electric power (voltage and / or current) measuring instrument

Some preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same parts.

Overview of the Distribution System With reference to FIG. 1 (A), the distribution system to which the present embodiment is applied is, for example, a normal mode in which the power generated by a power generation device such as a power plant 1 is distributed to the electric appliances of a plurality of users. It may be a distribution network composed of distribution lines 10. In the distribution system, the power plant 1 may be any type of power plant such as thermal power, hydraulic power, nuclear power, etc., and is a naturally variable power generation power source using solar power, wind power, geothermal power, tidal power, etc. May be good. The electric power generated at the power plant 1 is output at a high voltage in a normal manner, and then is transmitted while being gradually stepped down through a distribution substation, and is transmitted via a substation (power receiving point) RP. It is stepped down to the voltage used in, and distributed to each user (household, store, commercial facility, public facility, factory, etc.). Each user's distribution branch line has an electric power (user electric power) that consumes electric power such as home appliances and industrial machinery, a storage battery B mounted on a vehicle, a power generation device P such as a solar generator, and a gas generator. Is connectable and power transmission is performed. Then, in the present embodiment, in the power distribution system as described above, the shared storage battery 2 that can be used by each user is connected to the distribution line 10. The storage battery used as the shared storage battery 2 is typically a chargeable / dischargeable lithium ion battery, but other chargeable / dischargeable storage batteries such as a lead storage battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, and a NAS battery may be used. The shared storage battery 2 is provided with a BMU (Battery Management Unit) that controls the charge / discharge operation, and the shared storage battery 2 stores electricity when the user's electric power is used by each user's electric power or in the storage battery B mounted on the vehicle. At that time, it is discharged, and when the power generation device P of each user stores surplus power, it is configured to be charged. The operation of each element of the above power distribution system is managed and controlled by an energy management system (EMS), and the deterioration index value when the shared storage battery of each user in the present embodiment described in detail later is used is acquired. The means and the means for calculating the billing amount of each user may be configured as part of the EMS. EMS is used for the operation of this embodiment such as the measured value of the state of the shared storage battery, the measurement result of the meter that measures the electric power (voltage, current) in the distribution line of each user, and the request for use of the shared storage battery of each user. In addition to receiving the necessary information by the method of ordinary wired communication or wireless communication, and giving a control command to execute the operation control of each element of the shared storage battery and each user based on the information. , The storage battery deterioration index value acquisition means and the charge amount calculation means may be fulfilled.

Configuration of a device (storage battery deterioration index value acquisition means, charge amount calculation means) for calculating the charge amount of each user A device for calculating the charge amount for the use of the shared storage battery 2 by each user according to the present embodiment is typically a device. , A computer device, and in a normal manner, is equipped with a CPU, a storage device, and an input / output device (I / O) connected to each other by a bidirectional common bus (not shown), and each part in the device. The operation of will be achieved by running the program on the CPU (which may be part of the EMS, as already mentioned). With reference to FIG. 1B, in the embodiment, the apparatus of the present embodiment receives the electric energy used by the shared storage battery 2 of each user and the state of the shared storage battery 2 at the time of their use. The user section that records the amount of power used by each user and the deterioration index value, and the user section that receives the usage record of each user and the deterioration state of the shared storage battery and calculates the charge amount of each user. It has an amount calculation unit. Here, the electric energy used by each user's shared storage battery 2 is the amount of electric energy discharged from the shared storage battery 2 and flowing to each user's distribution branch line when each user uses the stored electric energy of the shared storage battery 2. When each user stores the power generated by the power generation device P in the shared storage battery 2, it is the amount of power flowing from the distribution branch line of each user to the shared storage battery 2. As will be described later, the deterioration index value is a parameter that affects the progress of deterioration of the shared storage battery 2 when the shared storage battery 2 is used, for example, the temperature of the storage battery, SOC (corresponding to the voltage between terminals), and the like. It is a numerical value determined correspondingly, that is, a function value of the state of the shared storage battery 2. The deterioration state of the shared storage battery may be an index indicating the current degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery, and as will be described later, for example, the voltage between terminals when the shared storage battery 2 is fully charged and then discharged for a certain period of time. It may be given by the difference voltage (transient difference voltage) from the terminal voltage at the time when. Then, as will be described later, the user charge amount calculation unit is responsible for the use of the shared storage battery 2 by each user based on the amount of power used and the deterioration index value recorded at the time of use by each user and the deterioration state of the shared storage battery. Calculate the amount.

Processing operation for calculating the charge amount of each user As explained in the column of "Overview of the invention", the storage battery deteriorates with its use, the electric capacity decreases, and the charge / discharge efficiency decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to replace it at regular intervals, at regular intervals, at regular usage cycles, or at the end of its life, and the replacement is costly (“charge / discharge efficiency”). Is the ratio (percentage) of the amount of power that can be discharged from the storage battery to the amount of power required to fully charge the storage battery. "The life has come" means that the storage battery deteriorates to an acceptable level. That is.). When the storage battery is shared by a plurality of users, the cost required for replacing the storage battery may be borne by the user who uses the storage battery. In this regard, the degree of deterioration of the storage battery due to the use of a certain storage battery generally depends not only on the amount of power used but also on the state of the storage battery. Alternatively, it is known that the higher the SOC or the voltage between terminals of the storage battery (the voltage between the SOC and the terminals usually has a one-to-one correspondence), the faster the deterioration of the storage battery progresses. Therefore, when multiple users who use a storage battery bear the cost required for replacement of the storage battery, rather than distributing the burden evenly, it depends on the progress of deterioration of the storage battery due to the use of the storage battery. , It is considered fairer to determine the burden ratio of each user. That is, it is conceivable that a user with a large degree of deterioration due to the use of a shared storage battery will bear more costs than a user with a small degree of progress. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the magnitude of the influence of the state of the storage battery, which affects the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, as well as the amount of power charged and discharged of the storage battery when the shared storage battery of each user is used is shown. The deterioration index value is acquired, the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery due to the use of the shared storage battery of each user is estimated based on the acquired information, and the charge amount of each user is determined according to the estimate.

In the specific processing operation for calculating the charge amount of each user, first, as a processing operation while each user uses the shared storage battery, the shared storage battery currently used is used with reference to FIG. It is determined whether or not a predetermined period that may be arbitrarily set has elapsed since the start of use or the calculation of the previous user charge amount (step 1). The predetermined period here may be an arbitrarily set time width such as one week, January, several months, one year, several years, etc., and the length and charge of the user's shared storage battery may be used. It may be specified by the number of discharge cycles. Alternatively, the determination here may be made until the deterioration state of the shared storage battery reaches an acceptable limit each time the deterioration of the shared storage battery progresses to a predetermined degree. Here, if the determination is yes, a process of specifically determining the billing amount of each user is executed as described later. On the other hand, if the determination is no, it is in a state of waiting for a request for charging / discharging of the shared storage battery to be issued by the user (step 2).

When a request for charging / discharging of the shared storage battery is issued by any user in step 2, charging / discharging of the shared storage battery is executed, and the amount of power discharged or charged during that period is measured (step 3). At the same time, a state that affects the deterioration of the shared storage battery, for example, the temperature of the storage battery, the voltage between the terminals of the storage battery, and the like are detected (step 4). The amount of electric power to be discharged or charged from the shared storage battery may be measured by a measuring instrument provided in the distribution line for measuring electric power normally used in this field. The temperature of the storage battery, the voltage between the terminals of the storage battery, and the like may be detected by a sensor usually used in this field provided in the storage battery.

When a state that affects the deterioration of the shared storage battery is detected, a deterioration index value corresponding to the detected state is determined (step 5). As already described, it has been found that the deterioration of the storage battery progresses faster as the temperature of the storage battery during charging and discharging of the storage battery is higher and the SOC or voltage between terminals of the storage battery is higher. Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the storage battery is investigated in advance by experiments, etc. corresponding to the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery temperature, the voltage between terminals, etc., and the degree of deterioration of the storage battery is quantified for each parameter. When the shared storage battery is used, the deterioration index value for the detected parameter of the storage battery state may be selected or calculated from the map. For example, for the temperature of the storage battery, the deterioration index value kt is calculated as a function of the temperature of the storage battery using the map as shown in FIG. 3 (A), and for the voltage between the terminals of the storage battery, FIG. The deterioration index value kv may be calculated as a function of the voltage between the terminals of the storage battery by using the map as shown in (B) (as can be understood from the figure, the deterioration index value kt, The kv may be experimentally determined based on the characteristics of the degree of deterioration of the storage battery with respect to the temperature of the storage battery or the characteristics with respect to the voltage between terminals of the storage battery). It should be understood that the deterioration index value may be determined corresponding to a parameter (for example, a current value) indicating the state of the storage battery other than the above example, and even in that case, it belongs to the scope of the present invention. be.

Then, as described above, when the amount of power used by charging / discharging the shared storage battery by the user and the deterioration index values kt and kv are obtained, the amount indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery estimated to have been caused by the use of the storage battery. (Hereinafter referred to as "storage battery usage burden") is calculated and recorded (step 6). The storage battery usage burden due to the use of the shared storage battery by one user may be calculated so that the larger each of the power consumption Ph, the deterioration index value kt, and kv is, the larger the amount is. _{Specifically, the storage battery usage burden amount A xn at} a certain usage time n of a certain user x may be calculated as follows, for example.
A _xn = kt _xn · kv _xn · Ph _xn … (1a)
Or,
A _xn = (kt _xn + kv _xn ) · Ph _xn ... (1b)
Or,
A _xn = kt _xn + kv _xn + Ph _xn ... (1c)
Here, kt _xn , kv _xn , and Ph _xn are deterioration index values kt, kv, and power consumption Ph, respectively, at the usage times n of the user x. It should be understood that when the storage battery usage burden amount A _xn is calculated, the charge amount to the user may be determined corresponding to the value, and even in that case, it belongs to the scope of the present invention. Is.

The above steps 1 to 6 are repeatedly executed until the determination is yes in step 1, whereby the storage battery usage burden amount A _{xn at} each use of the shared storage battery for each user is accumulated. Will be done. Then, when the predetermined period of step 1 elapses, the storage battery usage burden amount A _xn up to that point is totaled (step 7), the deterioration state of the shared storage battery is detected (step 8), and the charge amount of each user is calculated. (Step 9).

Is at the aggregation of storage battery use burden amount A _xn of step 7, Aax total of battery use burden amount of each user,
Aax = Σ _n A _xn ... (2)
(Σ _n is the sum of the times n used). Then, the total Aa of the storage battery usage burden of the shared storage battery is Aa = Σ _x Ax ... (3)
(Σ _x is the sum of all users). Therefore, the ratio Rx of the storage battery usage burden of each user's shared storage battery in a predetermined period is
Rx = Ax / Aa = Σ _n A _xn / Σ _x Ax ... (4)
Will be. Since the ratio Rx can be estimated as the ratio of the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery of each user in a predetermined period, each user's burden for the cost of replacing the shared storage battery is determined by this ratio. The billing amount of each user may be determined according to the burden.

Next, in step 8, the deterioration state of the shared storage battery is detected, and the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery over the entire predetermined period is determined. The deterioration state of the shared storage battery is represented by the decrease in the total electric capacity or charge / discharge efficiency of the shared storage battery. As already mentioned in this regard, the total electric capacity or charge / discharge efficiency of the shared storage battery is shown in FIG. As described in (A), a transient difference voltage which is a voltage between the terminal _{voltage V limit} when the shared storage battery 2 is fully charged and the terminal voltage Vt when the shared storage battery 2 is subsequently discharged at ΔT for a certain period of time. It has been experimentally found to have a one-to-one correlation with ΔVo, as shown in FIGS. 4 (B) and 4 (C). Therefore, the transient difference voltage ΔVo may be measured, and the measured value may be used as an index value of the deterioration state of the shared storage battery. The degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery over a predetermined period is given by the difference (ΔVoi−ΔVoe) between the transient difference voltage ΔVoi before the start of the predetermined period and the transient difference voltage ΔVoe after the elapse of the predetermined period. good. Further, the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery 2 from the start of use to the end of its life (when it becomes necessary to replace) is the difference between the transient difference voltage ΔVo between the start of use of the shared storage battery 2 and the end of its life. since it is given by .DELTA.U, the ratio R _B of the advance degree of degradation of in the shared storage battery in a predetermined period for advances degree of degradation of the lifetime of the shared storage battery 2,
_{= R B (ΔVoi-ΔVoe)} / ΔU ... (5)
Given by. That is, at a predetermined time period, at the ratio R _B can be considered exhausted shared storage battery 2.

Thus, at Rx represents the ratio of the progress of deterioration of the shared storage battery by the use of the shared storage battery in each user in a predetermined period, R _B is a predetermined period with respect to proceeds the degree of degradation of the lifetime of the shared storage battery 2 it indicates kick percentage of proceeds degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery, in step 9, the billing amount Cx of each user may be determined in accordance with the R _B × Rx, thereby, the deterioration due to the use of shared storage battery A user with a high degree of progress will be allocated a higher billing amount than a user with a low degree of progress. Assuming that the total cost of replacement of the shared storage battery 2 or the charge amount of all users is Co, the charge amount Cx of each user is
_{Cx = R B · Rx · Co} ... (6)
(Co may optionally include the management business cost and profit of the shared storage battery 2). Also, the billing amount Cx of each user, regardless of the R _B, may be determined in accordance with the Rx, it is to be understood that within the scope of the case present invention.

Aspects for Suppressing the Charge Amount In the system of the present embodiment described above, the charge amount of each user is determined depending on the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery due to the use of the shared storage battery of each user. The degree of deterioration varies depending on the state of use of the shared storage battery, so if a user uses the shared storage battery with a high deterioration index value, the user's billing amount will be that much. It will be expensive. In this regard, in general, when a user uses a shared storage battery, there may be a degree of freedom in the timing of its use. For example, when the vehicle storage battery is connected to the distribution line 10 in order to charge the vehicle storage battery using the shared storage battery at night, the time actually required for charging is shorter than the time width in which the connection is made. It may be done. In such a case, if the shared storage battery is charged from the shared storage battery to the vehicle storage battery during a time period when the deterioration index value is low, the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery due to its use is reduced, and the billing amount is also reduced. It will be. By the way, the state of the shared storage battery can be predicted by referring to the past history. For example, as schematically shown in FIG. 5A, the transition of the deterioration index value corresponding to the state of the shared storage battery in one day can be estimated from the past history, and therefore, for example, 1 The time zone in which the deterioration index value is high or low is predictable in the day. Therefore, in another aspect of the present embodiment, when there is a request for the use of the shared storage battery of each user, a time when the deterioration index value is low is selected within the range of the request, and the billing amount is suppressed. You may be able to do it.

In the process of suppressing the billing amount with reference to FIG. 5B, if there is a request for the user to use the shared storage battery in step 2 of FIG. Information on the requested charge / discharge amount is acquired (step 21). The information may be input by each user to a device for calculating the charge amount of each user by an arbitrary method, or a device for executing charging / discharging is connected to the distribution line 10. At that time, the status of the connected device may be referred to and input to the device. After that, in the device, the time required for charging / discharging is estimated based on the information of the requested charge / discharge amount, and the predicted value of the deterioration index value is searched within the range of the requested usage time (step). 22). Then, in the search result, the time when the predicted value of the deterioration index value becomes the minimum is determined as the execution time of charging / discharging (step 23), and when the time of use arrives (step 24), after step 3 in FIG. Is executed. In the search for the predicted deterioration index value in step 22, as shown in FIG. 5A, the predicted transition data of the deterioration index value over a period of one day or longer is prepared in advance, and the data is used. The time when the predicted deterioration index value becomes the minimum may be searched. The predicted transition data of the deterioration index value can be created by using the historical information of the past deterioration index value. For example, the time of use may be determined by using an arithmetic unit constructed by machine learning such as deep learning in which information such as time in the past history is input and the deterioration index value is output. ..

By the way, in the mode of suppressing the charge amount of the system of the present embodiment, since the deterioration index value is predicted, the charge amount is calculated directly from the deterioration index value and the amount of power used each time the system is used. Alternatively, in the case of a configuration that can be estimated, it is possible to estimate the charge amount by using the shared storage battery before actually using the shared storage battery. In that case, if the estimated amount when a user requests the use of the shared storage battery at a certain time is higher than the electricity charge when using the grid electricity, the grid electricity is not used and the grid electricity is not used. Will want to take advantage of. Therefore, in the system of the present embodiment, as described above, in response to the request for the use of the shared storage battery, the estimated amount of the charge amount and the usage fee of the grid power of the distribution network are acquired and presented to the user. However, it may be possible to select the use of a shared storage battery or the use of grid electricity. The estimated charge distribution, the presentation of the grid power usage fee of the grid, the selection of the shared storage battery or the use of the grid electricity may be appropriately achieved by using a display / input means such as a touch panel provided for each user.

Although the above description is made in relation to the embodiments of the present invention, many modifications and modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art, and the present invention is limited to the embodiments exemplified above. It will be apparent that, without limitation, it applies to various devices without departing from the concept of the present invention.

Claims (1)

A power distribution system in which a shared storage battery is installed and multiple users can use the shared storage battery.
Storage battery deterioration index value acquisition means for acquiring a deterioration index value indicating the magnitude of the influence on the deterioration of the state of the shared storage battery, which affects the degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery due to the use of the shared storage battery by each user. When,
The degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery estimated by using the deterioration index value in the use of the shared storage battery as a billing amount calculating means for calculating the charge amount of each user for the use of the shared storage battery by each user. A means to increase the charge amount of the user who had a large amount of money as compared with the user who had a small degree of deterioration of the shared storage battery estimated by using the deterioration index value in the use of the shared storage battery.
System including.

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