JP2021176610A - Cyclone type classifier and mixture classification method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a cyclone type classifier capable of more enlarging and exerting a sufficient effect even on a liquid.SOLUTION: A cyclone type classifier comprises: a primary revolution chamber 2 for forming primary revolution flow in which an inflow pipe 21 and a connection pipe 22 are connected to the lower and upper parts in a vertical direction, respectively and an inner wall cross section in a plane perpendicular to a vertical direction is circular; and plural secondary revolution chambers 3 for forming secondary revolution flow in which each chamber is connected to each of plural connection pipes and the inner wall cross section in the plane perpendicular to the vertical direction is circular. Plural connection pipes are disposed in the same vertical plane to the drawing direction of the primary revolution chamber, and the drawing direction of the connection pipe is nearly parallel to the tangent line of a circular shape in the inner wall cross section of the primary revolution chamber. The internal space of the primary revolution chamber has a shape of a circular truncated cone in which the diameter of the circular shape increases as heading for above the vertical direction and a rotary member having a core and a blade around the core is comprised in the primary revolution chamber.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a cyclone type classifier and a contaminant classifying method using the cyclone type classifier.

The movement in which a fluid rotates around a specific axis and flows is called a swirling flow (also called a "cyclone flow"). In this swirling flow, centrifugal force is generated for the fluid, so attempts have been made to classify various objects using this centrifugal force, and the technology is around the so-called centrifuges and vacuum cleaners. It is applied as a cyclone type classifier to various products of.

As a technique related to the classification device using the swirling flow, for example, there is a technique described in the following Patent Documents 1 and 2.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-68691 Japanese Patent No. 6656696

However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 includes a preliminary swivel portion in which the swivel shaft is perpendicular to the vertical direction, and there remains a problem in exerting a sufficient effect in the treatment of liquid.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a cyclone type classification device including a cylindrical primary swirl chamber and a secondary swirl chamber for forming a secondary swirl flow, but the classification is relatively small. Although it can sufficiently cope with an object, there is a limit in its structure to make it large enough to be applied to a larger classification object. More specifically, it is necessary to make the primary swirl flow formed in the primary swirl chamber stronger.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cyclone type classifying device which can be made larger and can exert a sufficient effect on a liquid.

In the cyclone type classification device according to one aspect of the present invention that solves the above problems, an inflow pipe is connected to the lower part in the vertical direction, and a plurality of connecting pipes are connected to the upper part in the vertical direction. To form a primary swirl chamber, which is a shape, for forming a primary swirl flow, and a secondary swirl flow, which is connected to each of a plurality of connecting pipes and has a circular inner wall cross section in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. A cyclone-type classification device including a plurality of secondary swivel chambers, wherein the plurality of connecting pipes are arranged in the same plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the primary swivel chamber, and the extending direction of the connecting pipes. Is substantially parallel to the circular tangent line of the inner wall cross section of the primary swivel chamber, and the primary swivel chamber has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the diameter of the circular shape increases as the internal space increases in the vertical direction. In addition, the primary swivel chamber is provided with a core and a rotatable rotating member having blades around the core.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the edge of the blade of the rotating member and the inner wall surface of the primary swivel chamber have substantially parallel portions.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the edge of the blade is arranged at an angle with respect to the extension axis of the core.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the rotating member is provided with rotational power for rotating the rotating member.

Further, from this viewpoint, it is preferable that the solid formed when the rotating member is rotated has a conical trapezoidal shape.

Further, the mixture classification method according to another aspect of the present invention has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the inner wall cross section on the plane perpendicular to the stretching axis has a circular shape and the diameter of the circular shape increases in the vertical direction. At the same time, a liquid containing a mixture is allowed to flow into a primary swirl chamber provided with a core and a rotatable rotating member having blades around the core to form a primary swirl flow from the bottom to the top in the vertical direction. Is distributed and introduced into a plurality of secondary swirl chambers in a direction substantially parallel to the tangential direction of the primary swirl flow to classify the liquid and the mixture.

It is a figure which shows the outline of the cyclone type classification apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure when the connection relation of the cyclone type classification apparatus which concerns on embodiment is seen from the top. It is a figure which shows the connection relationship of the primary swivel chamber of the cyclone type classification apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and an inflow pipe. It is sectional drawing when the cyclone type classification apparatus which concerns on embodiment is cut at the plane along the vertical direction (the plane where each intersects at the center of the primary swivel chamber along two connecting pipes). It is a figure which shows the outline of an example of the rotating member of the cyclone type classification apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a perspective view of the overflow side cover which concerns on embodiment. It is a vertical sectional view of the overflow side cover which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms, and the specific examples described in the following embodiments and examples can be appropriately changed and adjusted, and are limited thereto. is not it.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a cyclone type classification device (hereinafter referred to as “the device”) 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a diagram when the connection relationship of parts of the device 1 is viewed from above. 3A and 3B are views showing the connection relationship between the primary swivel chamber of the apparatus 1 and the inflow pipe, and FIG. 4 is a surface of the apparatus 1 along the vertical direction (each along two connecting pipes). It is a cross-sectional view when it is cut at the plane intersecting at the center of the primary swivel chamber), and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of an example of a rotating member of the present device 1.

As shown in these figures, the apparatus 1 is provided with an inflow pipe 21 in the lower part in the vertical direction and a plurality of connection pipes 22 in the upper part in the vertical direction, and the inner wall cross section in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction is circular. A plurality of primary swirl chambers 2 for forming a primary swirl flow and a plurality of connecting pipes 22 for forming a secondary swirl flow having a circular inner wall cross section on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. The secondary swivel chamber 3 and the above are provided.

The operation of this device 1 will be clear from the description described later. In this device 1, first, a liquid mixed with a mixture is introduced from the inflow pipe 21 of the primary swivel chamber 2, and after swirling the primary swivel chamber 2. , Sent to the secondary swivel chamber 3. Then, due to the centrifugal force, those having a large particle size or a large specific gravity in the liquid gather on the outer wall side of the secondary swirl chamber 3 and descend, and are discharged from the underflow which is the lower discharge port, while the fine ones are discharged. It will be discharged from the upper discharge port. The details of this will become clear from the following description.

In the present device 1, the inflow pipe 21 can guide the liquid in a desired direction in the primary swirl chamber 2, and is a so-called pipe. Further, the connection position of the inflow pipe 21 to the primary swivel chamber 2 is provided in the lower portion along the vertical direction, and is not particularly limited, but is arranged along the bottom surface of the primary swivel chamber 2. Is preferable. It becomes possible to form a swirling flow from the bottom to the top in the vertical direction. Further, the inflow pipe 21 is allowed to flow along substantially parallel to the circular tangential direction which is the cross section of the inflow surface, that is, the liquid inflow direction (extension direction of the inflow pipe 21) is substantially parallel to the circular tangent line. It is preferable that By doing so, it is possible to introduce the liquid along the inner surface of the circular shape, the resistance to the liquid can be reduced, and the liquid can be smoothly introduced into the primary swirl chamber 2. Become. Here, "substantially parallel" is a concept including perfect parallelism, but it means that a manufacturing error may occur in actual product production and includes this error. Specifically, it is a concept including an error of about 5 degrees.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the inflow pipe 21 is not particularly limited, but a vertically long cross-sectional shape is more preferable along the vertical direction, but a swirling flow can be obtained even if the inflow pipe 21 has a vertically long elliptical shape or a round shape. Can be done.

In the present device 1, the primary swirl chamber 2 is for forming a primary swirl flow, and is for delivering a liquid containing a mixture to the secondary swirl chamber 3 after forming the primary swirl flow. Here, the primary swirl flow means a swirl flow formed in the primary swirl chamber, sent to the secondary swirl chamber 3 of the next stage, and arranged for efficient classification.

Further, as described above, the primary swivel chamber 2 is provided with an inflow pipe 21 in the lower part in the vertical direction and a plurality of connection pipes 22 in the upper part in the vertical direction, and has a circular inner wall cross section in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. be. Further, the primary swivel chamber 2 has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the internal space 23 thereof has a circular shape whose diameter increases as it goes upward in the vertical direction. That is, the cross-sectional shape cut along the vertical direction is trapezoidal.

Further, in the present device 1, the inner wall cross section of the primary swivel chamber 2 on the plane perpendicular to the vertical direction has a conical trapezoidal shape as described above, and the liquid flowing into the primary swivel chamber 2 from the lower side in the vertical direction is discharged. It becomes a swirling flow that rises along this wall surface. Therefore, in the primary swirl chamber 2, even if a heavy mixture is mixed in the liquid, an upward flow in the vertical direction is always generated, so that there is little possibility that the mixture will settle in the primary swirl chamber 2. In particular, since the primary swivel chamber 2 has a conical trapezoidal shape, the centrifugal force becomes stronger as it rises, and the liquid is guided to the upper part, and the force for pushing the liquid to the outside through the connecting pipe 22 becomes stronger.

Further, in the primary swivel chamber 2, a core 241 and a rotatable rotating member 24 having blades 242 around the core 241 are provided. The present device 1 forms a stronger liquid flow by rotating the rotating member 24 provided in the primary swivel chamber 2, and discharges the liquid to the secondary swivel chamber 3 via the connecting pipe 22. Is possible.

In the present device 1, the core 241 of the rotating member 24 is a member that serves as the center of rotation of the rotating member. The core 241 has a portion protruding to the outside of the primary swivel chamber 2, is connected to the rotational power 243, and rotates. Here, the "rotational power" refers to a power machine for rotating the core 241, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a motor.

Further, in the present device 1, the shape is not limited in the primary swivel chamber 2 of the core 241 and may be a cylindrical shape, but a truncated cone shape is preferable. The truncated cone shape makes it possible to form a space having a portion parallel to the inner wall surface of the primary swirl chamber 2, and has an advantage that a stable primary swirl flow can be easily formed.

Further, blades 242 are arranged around the core 241 as described above. The blade 242 divides the space between the surface of the core 241 and the inner wall surface of the primary swivel chamber 2, and applies a force for pushing out the liquid introduced into the primary swivel chamber 2.

The blades 242 are preferably arranged so as to form a uniform and narrow gap with the inner wall surface of the primary swivel chamber 2. An image of partial enlargement in this case is shown in FIG. By doing so, the space can be reliably partitioned by the core 241, the inner wall surface of the primary swivel chamber 2, and the blades 242, and the rotation of the rotating member 24 can be sufficiently transmitted to the liquid.

Further, the blade 242 may be arranged on the surface including the extension axis of the core 241. However, the blade 242 is moved in the circumferential direction so as to draw a spiral as it advances in the extension axis direction with the extension axis of the core 241 as the central axis. It is preferably arranged. By arranging in the circumferential direction so as to draw a spiral, when the rotating member 24 rotates, a stronger force can be applied to the liquid, and the tilting of the blade 242 also obtains a force to push the liquid diagonally upward. You will be able to do it.

Further, in the rotating member 24, the number of blades 242 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that a plurality of blades 242 are provided, and for example, it is preferably in the range of 4 or more and 8 or less. By providing a plurality of blades 242, it is possible to secure a force for pushing out the liquid more stably. However, in this case, it is preferable that the blades 242 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the core 241. By arranging them evenly, it is possible to form a more uniform flow of liquid.

Further, in the rotating member 24, a vertical upper blade 244 for sending a fluid to the connecting pipe 22 is further arranged on the blade 242. The upper blade 244 is connected to the lower blade 242, and has the effect of adjusting the flow of the fluid spirally rising along the blade 242 and the core 241 and pushing it out smoothly in the lateral direction.

As described above, the effect of the rotating member 24 will be described later, but by providing the rotating member 24, the rotation diameter is gradually increased with respect to the liquid introduced into the primary swivel chamber 2, and the liquid is pushed out more strongly by the blades 242. , It is possible to provide a larger flow rate while adjusting the flow of liquid.

Further, as described above, the primary swivel chamber 2 is provided with a plurality of connecting pipes 22 at the upper part in the vertical direction. For each structure of the connecting pipe 22, a configuration similar to that of the inflow pipe 21, that is, a vertically long square pipe can be adopted.

Further, the connection direction (extension direction) of the connecting pipe 22 to the primary swivel chamber 2 is provided in the upper portion along the vertical direction, and is not particularly limited, but is along the ceiling surface of the primary swivel chamber 2. It is preferable that they are arranged. By doing so, the swirling flow reaching from the bottom to the top in the vertical direction can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the primary swirling chamber 2. Further, the connecting pipe 22 is discharged along substantially parallel to the circular tangential direction which is the cross section of the inflow surface, that is, the liquid discharge direction (extending direction of the connecting pipe 22) is substantially parallel to the circular tangent line. It is preferable that By doing so, it is possible to discharge the liquid along the inner surface of the circular shape, reduce the resistance to the liquid, and enable more efficient classification. Here, "substantially parallel" is a concept including perfect parallelism, but it means that a manufacturing error may occur in actual product production and includes this error. Specifically, it is a concept including an error of about 5 degrees.

Further, as described above, a plurality of connecting pipes 22 are provided in order to increase the processing amount with respect to the primary swivel chamber 2. By providing a plurality of them, it is possible to connect a secondary swivel chamber to each of them and to perform fine classification work in each of them. The number of the secondary swivel chambers is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the secondary swivel chambers are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the circular shape.

In the present device 1, the number of the secondary swivel chamber 3 and the connecting pipe 22 is shown in the case of 6 in order to increase the processing amount (figure of 6 series products), but this number can be adjusted as appropriate. However, it is not limited. However, since it is necessary to distribute the fluid evenly, it is preferable that the fluid is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

Further, it is preferable that a plurality of connecting pipes 22 are arranged in one plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. By doing so, it is possible to evenly distribute the liquid flow to each of the connecting pipes 22 in the plane.

Further, the secondary swivel chamber 3 in the present device 1 is connected to each of the plurality of connecting pipes 22 as described above, and the inner wall cross section on the plane perpendicular to the vertical direction is circular. It is for forming the next swirling flow. Further, while a cylindrical cavity is formed in the upper part of the secondary swivel chamber 3, the internal space below the secondary swivel chamber becomes a conical shape whose diameter decreases toward the lower side in the vertical direction. It has a so-called cyclone shape. Further, the secondary swivel chamber 3 is on a circular tangent line which is a cross section when the extension direction of the connection pipe 22 is a cross section when the upper portion of the secondary swivel chamber 3 is cut in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. By doing so, it is possible to introduce the liquid into the secondary swirl chamber without causing resistance to the liquid created from the connecting pipe 22.

Further, the secondary swivel chamber 3 in the present device 1 is provided with an upper discharge port 31 for discharging overflow at the upper part and a lower discharge port 32 for discharging underflow at the lower part. That is, the liquid introduced into the secondary swirl chamber 3 by the connecting pipe 22 further forms a swirling flow in the secondary swirl chamber 3, classifies the mixture in the liquid, and is a light mixture and a solid having a small particle size on the upper part. A liquid containing a heavy mixture and a solid having a large particle size can be discharged at the lower part. This principle will be clarified from the description below.

Further, the upper discharge port 31 of the secondary swivel chamber 3 is provided in the secondary swivel chamber 3 and includes a cylindrical portion 311 connected to the upper discharge port 31. By providing the cylindrical portion 311, the liquid introduced into the secondary swirl chamber 3 becomes a swirling flow that classifies while swirling around the tubular portion 311. Therefore, the mixture is classified directly from the upper discharge port 31. It becomes possible to prevent the formation of a flow that is discharged without being discharged.

Further, it is preferable that the secondary swivel chamber 3 and the connection pipe 22 in the present device are in contact with the upper part of the secondary swivel chamber 3, specifically, a position close to the ceiling plate. By doing so, it is possible to stably form a swirling flow gradually toward the lower part in the vertical direction along the wall surface of the internal space in the secondary swirl chamber 3.

The cross section of the primary swivel chamber 2 in the present device 1 may be circular, but as described above, the position of the circular diameter of the inner wall cross section of the secondary swivel chamber 3 on the plane perpendicular to the vertical direction is any position. It is also preferable that the shape is a combination of the same cylindrical portion and the conical trapezoidal portion whose diameter decreases toward the bottom in the vertical direction. By doing so, after adjusting the flow of the swirling flow in the cylindrical part, the heavy mixture, the light mixture, the large particle size and the small particle size are efficiently classified in the conical trapezoidal part, and the heavy mixture and the heavy mixture in the lower part. It becomes possible to discharge a mixture having a large particle size and a mixture having a lighter particle size and a smaller particle size at the upper part.

Further, the size of the secondary swivel chamber 3 in the present device 1 can be changed as appropriate and is not limited. However, from the viewpoint of finer classification and miniaturization of the device, the circular diameter of the upper part of the secondary swivel chamber 3 in the vertical direction (connection pipe 22 connection position) is preferably 1 cm or more and 15 cm or less, more preferably. It is 7.5 cm or less. Further, in this case, the height from the bottom surface to the ceiling in the secondary swivel chamber 3 can be appropriately changed and is not limited.

Further, in the present device 1, it is preferable that the overflow side cover 33 for discharging the overflow discharged from the upper discharge ports 31 of the plurality of secondary swivel chambers 3 to the outside is provided. By doing so, the liquids on the discharge side can be combined into one, and the liquids are collectively discharged from the discharge port 34. The figures in this case are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view, and FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view thereof.

Further, in the present device 1, the underflow discharged from the lower discharge ports 32 of the plurality of secondary swivel chambers 3 is discharged to the outside. By doing so, the mixture on the discharge side can be combined into one.

Here, as is clear from the above description, a mixture classification method using the present device 1 (hereinafter referred to as “the present method”) will be described.

That is, in this method, the inner wall cross section on the plane perpendicular to the extension axis is circular and has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the diameter of the circular shape increases in the vertical direction, and the core and the core are inside. A liquid containing a mixture is allowed to flow into a primary swirl chamber provided with a rotatable rotating member having blades around it to form a primary swirl flow from bottom to top in the vertical direction, and the primary swirl flow is tangential to the primary swirl flow. This is a mixture classification method in which a liquid and the mixture are classified by being distributed and introduced into a plurality of secondary swirl chambers in substantially parallel directions. The flow of this liquid is as shown above.

According to this method, when the liquid is introduced into the primary swivel chamber 2, the liquid enters the space between the rotating member and the primary swivel chamber 2. Then, when the rotating member is rotated, the liquid swirls in the primary swivel chamber in accordance with this rotation, resulting in powerful rectification. In the rotating member, since the blades are arranged at an angle, a force is applied in the direction in which the liquid rises with the rotation of the rotating member, and as a result, the rotating member moves spirally. Then, this liquid is supplied to the secondary swivel chamber 3 via the connecting pipe 22. Then, by classifying a heavy mixture, a light mixture, a large particle size, and a small particle size in the secondary swirling flow, the mixture can be classified accurately.

In particular, according to this method, water containing fine earth and sand generated at a civil engineering work site, etc. is injected, and a swirling flow is generated in response to the water so that the earth and sand can be separated based on the weight and size. become. Further, the machine tool can separate and recover the abrasive material and chips in the grinding fluid in the polishing apparatus. Furthermore, it is possible to classify powders such as chemicals and foodstuffs in a state of being dissolved in water based on the size and weight of the grains. In particular, according to this method, it is possible to form a stronger flow by rotating the rotating member, it is possible to increase the size, and it is a cyclone type that can exert a sufficient effect on liquids. A classification device can be provided.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a cyclone type classification device that can be made larger and can exert a sufficient effect on a liquid.

The present invention has industrial applicability as a cyclone type classifier.

Further, in the present device 1, the underflow is discharged to the outside from the lower discharge ports 32 of the plurality of secondary swivel chambers 3.

Further, in the present device 1, the inner wall cross section on the plane parallel to the vertical direction of the primary swivel chamber 2 has a conical trapezoidal shape as described above, and the liquid flowing into the primary swivel chamber 2 from the lower side in the vertical direction is It becomes a swirling flow that rises along this wall surface. Therefore, in the primary swirl chamber 2, even if a heavy mixture is mixed in the liquid, an upward flow in the vertical direction is always generated, so that there is little possibility that the mixture will settle in the primary swirl chamber 2. In particular, since the primary swivel chamber 2 has a conical trapezoidal shape, the centrifugal force becomes stronger as it rises, and the liquid is guided to the upper part, and the force for pushing the liquid to the outside through the connecting pipe 22 becomes stronger.

The blades 242 are preferably arranged so as to form a uniform and narrow gap with the inner wall surface of the primary swivel chamber 2 . By like this, the core 241, the inner wall surface of the primary swirl chamber 2, a partition ensuring space by the blade 242, it is possible to fully convey the liquid rotation of the rotary member 24.

Claims (6)

An inflow pipe is connected to the lower part in the vertical direction, and a plurality of connecting pipes are connected to the upper part in the vertical direction.
A cyclone-type classification device including a plurality of secondary swirl chambers connected to each of the plurality of connecting pipes and having a circular inner wall cross section in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction for forming a secondary swirl flow. And
The plurality of connecting pipes are arranged in the same plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the primary swivel chamber, and the extending direction of the connecting pipe is tangent to the circular shape of the inner wall cross section of the primary swivel chamber. On the other hand, it is almost parallel.
The primary swivel chamber has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the diameter of the circular shape increases as the internal space increases in the vertical direction.
A cyclone-type classifier including a core and a rotatable rotating member having blades around the core in the primary swivel chamber. The cyclone type classification device according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the blade of the rotating member and the inner wall surface of the primary swivel chamber have a substantially parallel portion. The cyclone type classification device according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the blade is arranged at an angle with respect to the extension axis of the core. The cyclone type classification device according to claim 1, further comprising a rotational power for rotating the rotating member. The cyclone type classification device according to claim 1, wherein the solid formed when the rotating member is rotated is a conical trapezoid. The cross section of the inner wall on the plane perpendicular to the extension axis is circular and has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the diameter of the circular shape increases as it goes upward in the vertical direction, and has a core inside and blades around the core. A liquid containing a mixture is allowed to flow into a primary swirl chamber equipped with a rotatable rotating member to form a primary swirl flow from the bottom to the top in the vertical direction.
The primary swirl flow is distributed and introduced into a plurality of secondary swirl chambers in a direction substantially parallel to the tangential direction of the primary swirl flow.
A mixture classification method for classifying the liquid and the mixture.

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