JP2021173070A - Mortar or concrete spraying method and spraying device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a mortar or concrete spraying method and spraying device capable of improving the quality of the spraying method by making a mixing ratio of granulated solidifying material, aggregate and water uniform.SOLUTION: A granular granulated solidifying material (M1) having the specific gravity or particle size comparable to an aggregate (M2) is used. A water addition system (100), a pumping system (200) for pumping a mixed material other than water (a mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2), and a connection system for mixing water and a mixed material other than water are included. The pumping system (200) comprises a sprayer (25) that pumps mixed materials other than water to the connection system, a measuring device (3) that measures the amount of mixed material discharged from the sprayer (25), and a control device that calculates the amount of water added and the flow rate to have an appropriate mixing ratio for the amount of mixed material discharged (2). The water addition system (100) has a water supply pump (32) that pumps water at a flow rate calculated by the control device (2).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a mortar or concrete spraying method on a slope (inclined surface) and a spraying device thereof.

In a general spraying plant configuration, if spraying work is performed using powdered cement by the current mainstream wet spraying method, the spraying pressure feed hose length is limited to a narrow range of 100 m and the lift is 45 m, and it will be regulated by the market unit price. ..
In the normal wet spraying method, the spraying material is frequently blocked in the sprayer discharge port and the pressure feed hose, so that the workability is significantly reduced. In addition, as the spraying distance and lift become larger, smooth pumping becomes more difficult, causing pulsation and sudden protrusion in the pumping hose, which causes deterioration of not only workability of spraying work but also quality and safety. ..
The first cause of the above-mentioned limitation of the spraying range, blockage, pulsation, and protrusion is that the spraying material is separated due to the difference in the specific densities of cement and sand, which are the spraying materials (material separation occurs). As a result, the uniformity of the formulation is lost, resulting in deterioration of quality.
Second, while cement, which is a spraying material, is powdery, sand is granular, and the shapes and sizes of the two are different. Therefore, the material density in the pumping hose is high, so pumping is performed. Friction resistance with the inner wall of the hose increases. As a result, blockages occur frequently and workability is significantly reduced.
Thirdly, since cement is a powder, the viscosity of the spray material that is pumped by reacting with the surface water of sand becomes high. As a result, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the pumping hose increases, causing adhesion to the inner wall of the pumping hose, causing frequent pulsations, sudden protrusions, and blockages during pumping, which significantly reduces workability and safety. do.

On the other hand, a method of separating a mixture of cement and aggregate from water and pumping it (dry mortar or concrete spraying method) has been proposed, and the dry mortar or concrete spraying method has not been widely implemented in recent years, but can be sprayed. The range is slightly extended. However, since it is not stable due to site conditions, a clear scope of application has not been defined. Further, when a high-pressure compressor that is not applicable to the standard is used, the sprayable pressure feeding hose extension is 100 to 300 m and the lift is about 45 to 80 m, which widens the sprayable range, but does not reach a long distance and a high lift.
In the general dry spraying method using powdered cement, the dried mixed material is pumped in most of the construction sections up to the water addition point near the tip nozzle, so dust is likely to be generated, which increases the environmental load and works. There is a problem that safety is reduced.
Furthermore, in the normal dry spraying method, when water is added near the tip nozzle, sufficient kneading is not performed, so that the mixture of the mixed material and water (water-cement ratio W / C) is not optimized. , The amount of rebound during spraying increases, causing an increase in environmental load and deterioration of the quality of the created sprayed mortar.

Here, a spraying method using granulated cement, an apparatus used thereto, and a method for producing granulated cement have been proposed (see Patent Documents 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8). For example, the spraying method of Patent Document 4 is characterized in that it is a wet spraying method using concrete granulated by wet granulation in on-site manufacturing, and the quality can be improved by optimizing the composition.
However, the occurrence of blockage and pulsation in the pumping hose has not been improved.
And there is a problem that it can be applied only to a narrow construction range equal to or less than a general wet spraying method.

Regarding the spraying method using granulated cement and the equipment and equipment used for it, the dry spraying method using a solidifying material (cement, etc.) granulated by a dry method at the factory and the equipment used for it A method for producing a granulated solidifying material (cement, etc.) has been proposed (see Patent Documents 2, 3, 5, and 8). The spraying method (Patent Documents 2, 3, 5, 8) discloses the spraying method and the apparatus or granulated cement manufacturing method used therein, and states that the quality can be improved by optimizing the composition.
However, in the dry spraying method and the granulation solidifying material manufacturing method using a granulating solidifying material (cement or the like) granulated by dry granulation in the prior art (Patent Documents 2, 3, 5, 8), granulation solidification is performed. Since the particle size, specific gravity, and shape of the material are not properly specified, the fluidity decreases and the material separates due to the increase in frictional resistance in the pumping hose, which causes blockage in the hose, deterioration of compounding quality, and generation of dust. This caused an increase in environmental load and a decrease in work safety.

Many problems have been confirmed in the prior art (see Patent Documents 2, 5 and 8) relating to the device in the connection system.
The degassing device in the prior art (Patent Documents 5 and 8) is provided to remove only excess air from the compressed air and the material that are pressure-fed at high pressure, but has a structure that degass at once to a predetermined pressure. Since the method is adopted, the partially powdered solidifying material (cement, etc.) flows out following the excess air. Then, the outflow of the solidifying material reduces the content of the solidifying material in the sprayed mortar or concrete produced by spraying, resulting in a decrease in compounding quality and a lack of strength characteristics. In addition, since the solidifying material discharged together with the excess air at the time of degassing is dusted, the environmental load is increased and the work safety is lowered.
Further, in the pulverizing and kneading apparatus according to the prior art (Patent Documents 2, 5, and 8), the pulverizing and kneading effect of the granulated solidifying material (cement, etc.) is insufficient, and the pulverizing is performed in the sprayed mortar / concrete produced by spraying. The granulated solidifying material that could not be completely pulverized remained while retaining the granularity, and the presence of the granular solidifying material caused problems such as a decrease in strength and non-uniformity of the composition.
Further, in the water mixing apparatus in the prior art (Patent Documents 2, 5 and 8), when water is added, water is injected at right angles to the traveling direction of the mixed material that has been pumped, so that the mixed material and water are mixed. Was not uniform and was sprayed from the nozzle without sufficient kneading, so that proper kneading and blending were not performed. Therefore, the amount of rebound at the time of spraying increases, causing an increase in environmental load and a deterioration in the quality of the created sprayed mortar.

A dry spraying method using a solidifying material (cement, etc.) granulated by a dry method at a factory and a water addition system used therein have been proposed (see Patent Document 2), but in this system, mixing discharged from a spraying machine is proposed. While the material fluctuates from time to time, it can only deliver a constant flow rate set by the watering system. Therefore, when water is added near the nozzle, it is impossible to accurately adjust the amount of water added according to the fluctuation amount of the mixed material that has been pumped, and the water flow rate is adjusted by the sense (or intuition) of the nozzle man (craftsman). It had to be adjusted by intuition at hand, or the amount of water supplied from the water supply pump had to be manually operated by the sense of an operator (craftsman) at any time. Therefore, the proper flow rate for the proper blending of sprayed mortar or concrete (water-cement ratio W / C) was not secured, resulting in deterioration of quality. Such a problem also exists as the biggest problem in the usual dry spraying method (see paragraph [0003]), and is still an important problem that has not yet been solved.

As another conventional technique, a special construction method specialized for long distance and high lift has also been proposed (see Patent Documents 1, 6 and 7).
However, the prior art (Patent Documents 1, 6 and 7) is a special technique, and skillful technique is required for material pumping.
As a spraying device for spraying mortar or concrete on a slope (sloping surface), etc., cement milk mixed with cement and water and sand or crushed stone (or gravel, etc.) with a small amount of water added. ) Are separately pumped, and a device is known that employs a separate pumping method in which they are merged in front of the spray nozzle and discharged from the spray nozzle (Patent Documents 1 and 7). Then, there is a method of pumping a mixture of cement, water and aggregate (a wet mortar combined with pumping or a concrete spraying method) (see Patent Document 6). However, even in the conventional technique of the separate pumping method, the problems of blockage and pulsation in the pumping hose have not been solved. In addition, blockage of cement milk during pumping increases work hazards, material loss and impact on the surrounding environment.
In addition, the technique of pumping raw mortar or concrete (Patent Document 6) requires a lot of time and labor for piping and moving and re-installing iron pipes, and there is a danger in the work itself.
Further, the prior art (Patent Documents 1, 6 and 7) is not intended to suppress material blockage, requires a lot of time for recovery at the time of material blockage, and increases material waste loss. It has a problem that the environmental load increases.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-328637 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-21610 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-98145 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 02-200967 Utility Model Registration No. 3216965 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-264449 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-274794 JP-A-2019-157564

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is a mortar or concrete for the purpose of improving the quality of the spraying method by making the composition of the granulating solidifying material, the aggregate and the water uniform. The purpose is to provide a spraying method and a spraying device.

The spraying device (10) of the present invention is a spraying device that sprays mortar or concrete containing a granulated solidifying material (M1), an aggregate (M2), and water (M3) from a spray nozzle (61) (on the slope 1). In (10)
A water feeding system (100), a pumping system (200) for pumping a mixed material other than water (M3) (for example, a mixture of a granulated solidifying material M1 and an aggregate M2), a watering system (100) and a pumping system (200). ) Includes a connection system (300) that connects water and mixes non-water mixed materials.
The pumping system (200) is a sprayer (25) that pumps a mixed material other than water to the connection system (300), and a measuring device (3: detection sensor) that measures the discharge amount of the mixed material from the sprayer (25). And the amount of water (M3) added, which is a predetermined composition (appropriate composition as spray mortar or concrete) with respect to the amount of mixed material discharged from the sprayer (25), and the amount of water (M3) corresponding to the amount of addition. Including the control device (2) that calculates the flow rate of
The water addition system (100) is characterized by having a water supply pump (32: a flow rate control inverter integrated water supply pump) that pumps water (M3) at a flow rate calculated by the control device (2).

In the present invention, the measuring device (3: detection sensor) is a sprayer weight measuring instrument (4: 4 load cells) for measuring the weight of the sprayer (25) and (upper pressure) to the sprayer (25). Includes a material input amount measuring instrument (5: material input amount detection sensor) that measures the input amount of mixed materials (other than water to the kettle 251).
The control device (2) measures the input amount of the mixed material (to the upper pressure kettle 251) measured by the mixing material input amount measuring device (5) from the total weight of the spraying machine measured by the sprayer weight measuring device (4). Subtract, and further subtract the weight of the sprayer in the state where the preset mixed material is not charged (the weight of the sprayer in the "empty" state), and the reduced amount of the raw material other than the charged water is added to the mixed material. It is preferable to have a function of calculating as a discharge amount.

Further, in the present invention, the connection system (300) includes a mixing device (40), and the mixing device (40) includes a mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device (41) and a kneading accelerating tube (42).
The mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device (41) has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and a mixing material other than water pumped from the pumping system (200) flows through the internal space (S1) inward in the radial direction.
A plurality of injection holes (inner wall hole portion 414A) are provided in the circumferential direction of the internal space (S1), the injection holes (414A) communicate with the water addition system (100), and the injection direction of the injection holes (414A). Is inclined (in the range of 15 ° to 45 °) with respect to the virtual line (virtual radius) toward the center of the internal space (S1).
The kneading promotion pipe (42) provided on the downstream side (spray nozzle 61 side) of the mixing / stirring promotion water addition device (41) has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and a plurality of kneading promotion pipes inclined in the longitudinal direction are promoted on the inner wall surface. It is preferable that the wings (421) are formed.
Here, it is preferable that the predetermined range (stage) in the longitudinal direction in which 2 to 4 kneading promoting blades (421) are provided is provided in 1 to 5 stages.

In the present invention, the connection system (300) includes a crushing and kneading device (43, 43-1: multi-stage crushing and kneading device).
The crushing and kneading device (43, 43-1) is tubular as a whole, and a plurality of protrusions (43A, 43-1A) are provided on the inner peripheral surface.
The plurality of protrusions (43A, 43-1A) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and are inside the protrusions (43A, 43-1A) adjacent in the longitudinal direction. It is arranged so that the positions in the circumferential direction are different (so-called "staggered" shape), and there are a plurality of regions (for example, 43-1A) in which protrusions (43A, 43-1A) are arranged on the inner peripheral surface in the longitudinal direction. 2 to 5 steps) are preferably provided.
Here, the protrusion may be formed in a hemispherical shape or a columnar shape (43A), or may be formed in a prismatic shape (43-1A).

Alternatively, in the present invention, the connection system (300) includes a crushing and kneading device (43-2: mechanical crushing and kneading device).
The crushing and kneading device (43-2) is tubular as a whole, and has a rotary crushing blade (43-211: rotary face for crushing granulated cement) for crushing the granulated solidifying material (M1) arranged in the internal space and rotating. The drive source (43-22: motor) of the crushing blade (43-21) and the drive force transmission mechanism (motor rotating shaft 43-23, gear box 43-24) that transmits the drive force from the drive source (43-22). ) And a mixed material (mixture of granulated solidifying material M1 and aggregate M2) other than water, which is arranged on the upstream side (pressure feeding system 200 side) of the driving force transmission mechanism and is pumped, is the driving force transmission mechanism (motor rotation shaft). It is preferable to have a protective device (43-25: gearbox protective plate) for preventing collision with 43-23, gearbox 43-24).

Alternatively, in the present invention, the connection system (300) includes a degassing device (44: multi-stage degassing device).
The entire degassing device (44) is tubular, and a decompression mechanism (441) that partially decompresses the pressure in the internal space and releases it to the outside (the amount of degassing can be adjusted) is provided in multiple stages (2-) in the longitudinal direction. 5 stages) are provided, and the decompression mechanism (441) of each stage has an inner pipe (44A) and an outer pipe (44B).
Upstream of the inner tube (44A) to adjust the longitudinal position of the inner tube (44A) with respect to the outer tube (44B) and to adjust the gap between the inner surface of the outer tube (44B) and the outer surface of the inner tube (44A). A male screw (T44) is formed at the side end portion, and the male screw (T44) is preferably screwed with a female screw formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe (44B).
Here, it is preferable that a taper is formed at the downstream end of the (inner pipe 44A and) outer pipe (44B). Alternatively, by configuring the taper at the downstream end of the outer pipe (44B) to be 5 to 15 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction (so that the taper becomes gentle), no taper is formed at the downstream end of the inner pipe 44A. (The downstream tip of the inner tube 44A is formed in a straight tubular shape).

Further, in the present invention, the sprayer (25) includes an upper pressure cooker (251) and a lower pressure cooker (252).
The pressure feeding system (200) is interposed between an air compressor (26) that supplies high-pressure air to the sprayer (25) and a pipe (27) that connects the air compressor (26) and the sprayer (25). Includes pressure storage tank (29: reservoir tank)
The capacity of the pressure storage tank (29) is preferably ½ or more of the capacity of the lower pressure cooker (252).
Here, it is preferable that the capacity of the pressure storage tank (29) has a size that does not adversely affect the installation.

The mortar or concrete spraying method of the present invention is characterized in that any of the above-mentioned spraying devices (spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 7) is used.
The mortar or concrete spraying method of the present invention is characterized by using a granular granulated solidifying material (M1: granulated cement) having a specific gravity similar to that of an aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand). There is.
Further, the mortar or concrete spraying method of the present invention is characterized in that a granular granulated solidifying material (M1) having a particle size similar to that of an aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand) is used.

In the present invention, by setting the specific gravity of the granular granulated solidifying material (M1: granulated cement) to the same level as that of the aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand), material separation does not occur and the spray mortar is sprayed. Quality is improved.
Further, by setting the particle size of the granular granulated solidifying material (M1: for example, granulated cement) to the same level as that of the aggregate (M2: fine aggregate, for example, sand), the granulated solidifying material (M1) and the aggregate. Since the shape and size of (M2) are about the same, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the hose in the pumping hose is greatly reduced, the hose is prevented from being blocked, stable mixed material pumping performance is ensured, and spraying work is performed. Workability is improved.
Since the surface area of the granular material such as the granulated solidifying material (M1) is significantly smaller than that of the powder having the same mass, the reaction of the aggregate (M2) with the surface water is minimized. Therefore, the occurrence of frictional resistance and adhesion with the inner wall of the pumping hose is significantly reduced, and the hose is prevented from being blocked, pulsating in the hose, and sudden protrusion in the vicinity of the nozzle at the tip of the hose. Therefore, the workability and safety of the spraying work are improved as compared with the conventional technique.

Further, granular granulation solidification in which the specific gravity is set to be the same as that of the aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand) or the particle size is set to be the same as that of the aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand). By using the material (M1), it is possible to prevent the generation of dust even if the work is carried out by the dry spraying method, and the environmental load is reduced and the work safety is improved. Therefore, the problems of an increase in environmental load and a decrease in work safety due to the generation of dust in the dry mortar or concrete spraying method are solved.
By using the dry spraying method, the performance of pumping using a hose is dramatically improved, and long-distance, high-lift pumping becomes possible. According to the inventor's experiment, pumping with a spray pressure hose length of 560 m and a lift of 155 m was easily performed. Further, if the hose was arranged horizontally, it was possible to easily carry out pumping with a hose length of 800 m.
Since such long-distance, high-lift pumping can be realized in a general plant configuration, no special skill is required for material pumping, and work safety and workability are significantly improved.
Further, since the hose is prevented from being blocked, pulsating in the hose, and sudden protrusion near the nozzle at the tip of the hose, according to the present invention, the pumping hose similar to that used in a general spraying plant is used. (Known pumping hose) can be used as it is. Therefore, the installation of the spraying device does not require any special labor, which ensures work safety, improves long-distance and high-lift pumping performance and workability, and facilitates long-distance and high-lift pumping. It will be possible.

Here, for example, the composition of mortar is generally "cement: fine aggregate (sand) = 1: 4", and the granulation solidifying material (granulation cement) is pumped from the sprayer (25). ) And the aggregate composition can be maintained in such a general composition. Here, the water-cement ratio W / C has a great influence on the strength and other qualities of the mortar, and is usually set between W / C = 45 to 55% in the spraying of the slope.
However, it is difficult to make the discharge amount of the mixture of the granulated cement (M1) and the aggregate (M2) pumped from the sprayer (25) constant, and therefore, in order to make the mortar composition uniform. Must constantly adjust the flow rate of water (M3) pumped from the watering system (100) in response to the ever-changing discharge of the mixture of granulated cement (M1) and aggregate (M2). However, such water flow control has not been possible with the prior art.
On the other hand, according to the present invention, a measuring device (3) for measuring the discharge amount of the mixed material (mixed material other than water M3: for example, a mixture of granulated solidifying material M1 and aggregate M2) from the sprayer (25). : Detection sensor) and a control device (2) that calculates the amount of water (M3) added and the corresponding flow rate of water (M3), which is a predetermined composition (appropriate composition as a spray mortar) with respect to the discharge amount. ) And a water supply pump (32: water supply pump integrated with a flow rate control inverter) that pumps water (M3) at a flow rate calculated by the control device (2). Therefore, even if the discharge amount of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material (M1) and the aggregate (M2) from the sprayer (25) is not uniform, the discharge amount of the mixture is measured by the measuring device (3) and the measurement thereof. Based on the result, the control device (2) calculates the addition amount and flow rate of water (M3) so that the proper composition is obtained, and the water (M3) is pumped from the water supply pump (32) according to the calculation result. The water (M3), the granulated solidifying material (M1), and the aggregate (M2) mixed in the system (300) can always ensure an appropriate W / C composition as a spray mortar.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the composition of the sprayed mortar sprayed on the slope (1) from deviating from the proper composition, to compensate for the greatest drawback in the dry spraying method, and to ensure stable quality.
According to the inventor's experiment, it has been confirmed that the same spraying performance and quality can be ensured even when spraying a high-strength mortar having a mortar composition of "cement: fine aggregate (sand) = 1: 3".

In the present invention, the connection system (300) includes a mixing device (40), and the mixing device (40) includes a mixing stirring promoting water device (41) and a kneading promoting tube (42). (41) has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and a mixed material other than water pumped from the pumping system (200) flows through the internal space (S1) inward in the radial direction, and the circumferential direction of the internal space (S1). Is provided with a plurality of injection holes (inner wall hole portion 414A), the injection holes (414A) communicate with the water addition system (100), and the injection direction of the injection holes (414A) is at the center of the internal space (S1). If it is inclined (in the range of 15 ° to 45 °) with respect to the imaginary line (virtual radius) to be directed, a component in the turning direction is generated in the water (M3) injected from the injection of the injection hole (414A). Water (M3) is added to a mixture of granulated solidifying material (M1) and aggregate (M2) crushed by a multi-stage or mechanical crushing and kneading device (43, 43-1, 43-2) according to the components in the turning direction. The mixture and water can be forcibly rotated when the mixture is added to improve the mixing efficiency.
The kneading promoting pipe (42) provided on the downstream side (spray nozzle 61 side) of the mixing / stirring promoting water addition device (41) has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and a plurality of kneading promoting blades (inclined in the longitudinal direction). When 421) is formed on the inner wall surface, a mixture of the pulverized granulated solidifying material (M1) and the aggregate (M2) that has been hydrated passes through the kneading promoting blade (421) to forcibly impart a rotational force. And a vortex is generated. The vortex flow improves the kneading effect of the crushed granulated solidifying material (M1), the aggregate (M2), and the water (M3).
In the conventional dry spraying, since the mixed material is sprayed from the spray nozzle immediately after water addition, there is a problem that the kneading of the mortar is insufficient and the blending quality is deteriorated. A force is applied to generate a vortex, and the crushed granulated solidified material (M1), aggregate (M2), and water (M3) are efficiently kneaded by the vortex to create a sprayed mortar or concrete with an appropriate composition. It becomes possible.

Here, the more the granulated cement constituting the granulated solidifying material (M1) is crushed, the higher the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar is. In other words, the higher the residual mixing ratio of the granular granulated cement, the smaller the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar. The decrease in compressive strength of the sprayed mortar mixed with the remaining granular granulated cement is due to the insufficient effect of crushing the granulated cement into powder cement.
In the present invention, the connection system (300) is provided with a crushing and kneading device (43, 43-1: multi-stage crushing and kneading device), and the crushing and kneading device (43, 43-1) is entirely tubular and has an inner peripheral surface. Is provided with a plurality of protrusions (43A, 43-1A), and the plurality of protrusions (43A, 43-1A) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface at intervals in the longitudinal direction and Regarding the direction, the protrusions (43A, 43-1A) are arranged so that the positions in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface are different from those of the adjacent protrusions (43A, 43-1A) (arranged in a so-called "staggered" shape), and the protrusions (43A, 43-) are arranged on the inner peripheral surface. If a plurality of regions (for example, 2 to 5 stages) in which 1A) is arranged are provided in the longitudinal direction, it is compared with a single-stage pulverizing and kneading apparatus as in the prior art (for example, Patent Documents 2, 5 and 8). Then, the mixture of the granulated solidifying material (M1) and the aggregate (M2) pumped from the pumping system (200) collides with the protrusion (431) when passing through the pulverizing and kneading device (43, 43-1). The probability is much higher, and as a result, the granulated solidifying material (M1) is efficiently pulverized into a normal powdered solidifying material (eg cement). Along with this, the probability that the granulated solidifying material (M1) is crushed is greatly improved and kneaded, so that the residual granulated cement in the sprayed mortar is suppressed and the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar is improved. Therefore, the quality of the sprayed mortar can be ensured.

Alternatively, in the present invention, the connection system (300) is provided with a crushing and kneading device (43-2: mechanical crushing and kneading device), and the crushing and kneading device (43-2) is entirely tubular and arranged in an internal space. A rotary crushing blade for crushing a granulated solidifying material (M1) (43-211: a rotary face for crushing granulated cement), a drive source (43-22: motor) for the rotary crushing blade, and a drive source (43-22). Driving force transmission mechanism (motor rotating shaft 43-23, gearbox 43-24) that transmits the driving force from
), The granulation solidifying material (M1) can be crushed by the rotary crushing blade (43-21) and stirred. As a result, the residual granular cement is suppressed in the sprayed mortar, and the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar is improved.
Here, if a protective device (43-25: gearbox protective plate) is arranged on the upstream side (pumping system 200 side) of the driving force transmission mechanism, a mixed material (granulation solidifying material M1 and bone) other than the pumped water is arranged. Prevents the (mixture of material M2) from colliding with the driving force transmission mechanism (motor rotary shaft 43-23, gearbox 43-24), prevents wear and deterioration of the driving force transmission mechanism, and prevents the rotary crushing blade (43). Crushing of the granulated solidifying material (M1) by -21) can be continued.

The connection system (300) includes a degassing device (44: multi-stage degassing device), but when the degassing device is provided in only a single stage as in the prior art (for example, Patent Document 2). Since a large amount of high-pressure air is degassed from the deaerator at once during depressurization, it is partially pulverized by friction in the pumping hose connected to the connection system or by collision with the aggregate (M2). Cement is taken by a large amount of high-pressure air degassed from the degassing device and leaks from the degassing device, and cement dust leaks at the work site, resulting in an increase in environmental load and a decrease in work safety. .. At the same time, the amount of unit cement of the mixed material pumped in the direction of the spray nozzle decreased, resulting in a decrease in compounding quality.
In the present invention, the connection system (300) includes a degassing device (44: multi-stage degassing device), and the degassing device (44) is entirely tubular and partially reduces the pressure in the internal space. If a decompression mechanism (441) capable of adjusting the amount of degassing to be released to the outside is provided in a plurality of stages (2 to 5 stages) in the longitudinal direction, the decompression mechanism (441) of each stage is decompressed little by little to degas. By doing so, it is finally possible to reduce the pressure and degas to the same extent as the degassing device according to the prior art. Since the degree of decompression in each decompression mechanism (441) is much smaller than that in the conventional degassing device, the amount of high-pressure air degassed is also small. Therefore, the partially powdered solidifying material (cement, etc.) is taken to the degassed high-pressure air and does not leak from the degassing device (44), and dust leaks from the degassing device (44). It is prevented, the environmental load is reduced, and work safety is ensured. In addition, stabilization of compounding quality can be ensured.
The decompression mechanism (441) of each stage has an inner pipe (44A) and an outer pipe (44B), and a male screw (T44) is formed at the upstream end of the inner pipe (44A). If the screw (T44) is screwed with the female screw formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe (44B), the longitudinal position of the inner pipe (44A) with respect to the outer pipe (44B) is adjusted, and the outer pipe (44B) is adjusted. 44B) Since the gap between the inner surface and the outer surface of the inner pipe (44A) can be adjusted, the amount of decompression in each of the decompression mechanisms 441 can be adjusted.
Further, if a taper is formed at the downstream end of the (inner pipe 44A and) outer pipe (44B), the partially powdered solidifying material (part of the granulated solidifying material M1) may be formed due to the tapered tip shape. The straightness of the powdered material is improved, backflow in the downstream direction is prevented, and only excess high-pressure air is degassed. Thereby, the generation of dust is prevented. Here, by configuring the taper of the downstream end of the outer pipe (44B) at 5 to 15 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction (so that it becomes a gentle taper), a taper is formed at the downstream end of the inner pipe 44A. Even if this is not done (if the downstream end of the inner pipe 44A is formed in a straight tubular shape), the backflow of the pulverized cement that is taken by the high-pressure air is suppressed, and the dust leaks to the outside of the decompression mechanism (44). This is prevented, the environmental load is reduced, work safety is ensured, and stable compounding quality can be ensured.

Here, when the sprayer (25) is provided with the upper pressure cooker (251) and the lower pressure cooker (252), the lower pressure cooker (252) is supplied with high pressure air to the upper pressure cooker (251). ) Is supplied to the upper pressure cooker (251), so that the pressure in the lower pressure cooker (252) is temporarily lowered. As a result, a pressure difference is generated between the upper pressure cooker (251) and the lower pressure cooker (252), the pressure for discharging the mixed material is lowered, the discharge amount of the mixed material other than water becomes unstable, and in some cases, spraying is performed. It may cause blockage in the discharge port of the machine (25) or in the hose.
In the present invention, the sprayer (25) includes an upper pressure kettle (251) and a lower pressure kettle (252), and the pressure feeding system (200) is an air compressor (25) that supplies high pressure air to the blower (25). 26) and a pressure storage tank (29: reservoir tank) interposed in a pipe (27) connecting the air compressor (26) and the sprayer (25) (air compressor 26 and sprayer). (If the pressure storage tank 29 is interposed in the pipe 27 communicating with the 25), when the high pressure air is supplied to the upper pressure kettle (251), the high pressure air stored in the pressure storage tank (29) is blown by the blower (25). ) Eliminates the imbalance of pressure in the upper and lower pressure kettles (251 and 252), and prevents the occurrence of the pressure difference, which was difficult only with the capacity of the air compressor (26) alone and the sprayer (25). Is possible.
In the experiment of the inventor, it has been confirmed that the occurrence of the pressure difference can be prevented if the capacity of the pressure storage tank (29) is ½ or more of the capacity of the lower pressure cooker (252).

It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the spraying apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the control mode of a pumping system and a watering system in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the mode of control of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the control mode of the pumping system and the water addition system in FIG. 1, which is different from the mode shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the fluctuation of the mixture weight and the discharge amount in a spraying machine. It is a flowchart which shows the mode of control of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the multi-stage deaeration device. It is explanatory sectional view of the multi-stage crushing and kneading apparatus. FIG. 5 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a multi-stage crushing and kneading apparatus different from that shown in FIG. 8 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a mechanical crushing and kneading device different from the multi-stage crushing and kneading device of FIGS. 8 and 9. It is explanatory cross-sectional view which shows the mixing stirring promotion water addition apparatus and the kneading promotion tube. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 11 showing a mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The spraying device according to the illustrated embodiment, which is shown by reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1, is connected to the water addition system 100, the pumping system 200 for pumping mortar and the like, the water feeding system 100 and the pumping system 200, and is other than water and water. Includes a connection system 300 for mixing and stirring mixed materials.
The solidifying material such as mortar that is pumped by the pumping system 200 is made of, for example, a mixture of a granulated solidifying material M1 and an aggregate M2. In the illustrated embodiment, as the solidifying material, the granulating solidifying material M1 (for example, cement-based granulating solidifying material: Patent Document 3) granulated so as to maintain the solidifying ability when appropriately pulverized. See) is used.
Although not shown, in the following embodiments, as the granulating solidifying material M1, a granular solidifying material having a specific gravity, shape, and size set to the same level as the aggregate M2 (fine aggregate such as sand) is used. Be done.
For example, a fine aggregate having an absolute dry density of about 2.5 g / cm ³ or more is used as the aggregate M2, and a granulated cement having an ^{apparent density of about 2.5 g / cm 3} is used as the granulation solidifying material M1. Used. As an example, it is desirable to select so that the apparent density of the granulated solidifying material M1 ≈ the absolute dry density of the aggregate M2.
Here, when granulated cement is selected as the granulated solidifying material M1 and mountain sand, crushed sand, river sand, and sea sand are used as the aggregate M2, the mountain sand and crushed sand are gravel or sub-angle gravel, and the river sand. Since the sea sand is spherical, it is possible to manufacture and use a granulated solidifying material mainly in the form of gravel or sub-angle gravel, and it can be considered that the fine aggregate and the granulated cement have the same shape. ..
Further, when granulated cement is selected as the granulated solidifying material M1 and fine aggregate is selected as the aggregate M2, it is desirable to specify that both the granulated cement and the fine aggregate are φ5 mm or less.

The granulation solidifying material M1 is composed of, for example, a compression granulation body of a kneaded material of a composite material containing at least a solidifying material (cement or the like) and oils and fats. The particle size of the granulated solidifying material M1 is not particularly limited, but for example, a size similar to that of the aggregate M2 such as a fine aggregate or a coarse aggregate is set as a standard.
The granulating solidifying material M1 may contain a thickening material, a disintegrating material, and other admixtures as necessary, in addition to the solidifying material (cement and the like) and oils and fats. As the thickener, a material having a property of improving the viscosity of the composite material and facilitating granulation is used. As the disintegrating material, a material having a property of accelerating the disintegration of the granulation solidifying material when water is absorbed is used. The granulated solidifying material M1 is, for example, a step of mixing and stirring a composite material containing at least a solidifying material (cement, etc.) and oils and fats, a step of crushing and crushing a primary treatment material by the mixing and stirring step, and if necessary. The granulated solidifying material M1 produced by a method including a compression granulation step of a secondary treatment material by the crushing / crushing step (see Patent Document 3) and manufactured in the compression granulation step is fired as necessary. May be done.
However, in the illustrated embodiment, it is also possible to apply a powdery solidifying material of the same composite material that is not granulated.

In the spraying device 10, water M3 and raw materials other than water M3 (liquid) (spraying raw materials such as granulation solidifying material M1 and aggregate M2) are separated to the vicinity of the slope 1 to be constructed by separate hoses 34 and 28. It is pumped.
The hoses 28 and 34 communicate with a connection system 300 arranged near the slope 1, and separately pumped water M3 and raw materials other than water M3 (granulation solidifying material M1, aggregate M2 and other sprayed raw materials). ) Are merged and mixed by the connection system 300, sprayed from the spray nozzle 61, and sprayed onto the slope 1 (M10).

The pressure feeding system 200 for pumping the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 to the mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41 includes a hopper 21, a first belt conveyor 22, a measuring instrument 23, a second belt conveyor 24, a sprayer 25, and an air compressor. 26, a reservoir tank 29 (pressure storage tank) is provided, and a generator (see FIGS. 2 and 4: not shown in FIG. 1) is provided by a sprayer 25, a first belt conveyor 22, a measuring instrument 23, and a second. The belt conveyor 24 and the hopper 21 are operated. At the same time, the generator supplies electric power to the water supply device 32 (flow control inverter integrated water supply pump) in the water supply system 100 and the submersible pump 311 in the water tank 31.

The aggregate M2 is transported to the vicinity of the hopper 21 by a unic vehicle or the like (not shown) and is thrown into the receiving port of the hopper 21. The hopper 21 discharges an appropriate amount of aggregate M2 to the adjacent first belt conveyor 22. The first belt conveyor 22 is installed between the hopper 21 and the measuring instrument 23, and conveys the aggregate M2 discharged from the hopper 21 to the measuring instrument 23.
The measuring instrument 23 sorts the aggregate M2 conveyed by the belt conveyor 22 by the particle size using a sieve, and weighs only the determined aggregate M2 of an appropriate size in predetermined amounts. Discharge to the adjacent second belt conveyor 24. The second belt conveyor 24 is installed between the measuring instrument 23 and the spraying machine 25, and conveys the aggregate M2 discharged from the measuring instrument 23 to the spraying machine 25.
While the aggregate M2 is being conveyed on the second belt conveyor 24, an appropriate amount of granulation solidifying material M1 is supplied onto the second belt conveyor 24 by, for example, an operator, and as a result, the second belt conveyor 24 is , An appropriate amount of aggregate M2 and an appropriate amount of granulation solidifying material M1 are conveyed to the sprayer 25.

The sprayer 25 stirs the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 conveyed by the second belt conveyor 24, and discharges a mixture of the granulating solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 to the first pressure resistant hose 28.
Although not clearly shown, the sprayer 25 is provided with a stirring tank containing a stirring machine, and the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 are mixed and stirred by the stirring tank. Further, the sprayer 25 is connected to the air compressor 26 via an air hose 27, and high-pressure compressed air is supplied from the air compressor 26.
The mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 is supplied from the sprayer 25 to the connection system 300 via the pressure resistant hose 28. For simplification of the illustration, the pressure resistant hose 28 reaches the connection system 300 via reference numeral α in FIG.
A reservoir tank 29 is interposed in the air hose 27 that connects the air compressor 26, which is a high-pressure compressed air supply source, and the sprayer 25. The reservoir tank 29 will be described later.

The sprayer 25 is equipped with a detection sensor 3 for detecting the discharge amount of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 supplied (discharged) to the first pressure resistant hose 28, and the detection sensor 3 The detection result is transmitted to the control device 2. Based on the detection result by the detection sensor 3, the control device 2 uses water to optimize the composition (water-cement ratio W / C) of the granulated solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2, and the water M3 mixed in the connection system 300. It has a function of determining the flow rate of M3 and transmitting a control signal to the data receiving unit 32A of the water flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 (water supply device) of the water supply system 100.
In the flow rate control inverter integrated water supply pump 32, the water M3 having a flow rate at which the mortar mixture mixed in the connection system 300 has an appropriate value is sent to the second pressure resistant hose 34 by the control signal transmitted from the control device 2. Pump (discharge).

Although not shown in FIG. 1, the sprayer 25 is provided with an upper pressure cooker 251 and a lower pressure cooker 252 (FIGS. 2 and 4), and the upper pressure cooker 251 and the lower pressure cooker 252 are a vertical pressure cooker partition. Separated by 253 (FIGS. 2 and 4).
When the mixed material of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 is put into the upper pressure cooker 251, after closing the upper lid 254, high pressure air is injected into the upper pressure cooker 251 and added to the same level as the lower pressure cooker 252. Be pressured. Then, when the vertical pressure cooker partition wall 253 is opened, the mixed material is dropped into the lower pressure cooker 252.
The lower pressure cooker 252 is always under the pressure of high pressure air during operation, and after the mixed material is dropped, the upper and lower pressure cooker partition 253 is closed, and additional air is injected into the lower pressure cooker 252 to apply even stronger pressure. Then, the pressure of the lower pressure cooker 252 is increased, and the mixed material is discharged to the first pressure-resistant hose 28.
Hereinafter, the above operation is repeated as a batch operation, and the mixed material is discharged.

In FIG. 1, the water addition system 100 includes a water tank 31, a submersible pump 311 in the water tank 31, and a water supply pump 32 (water supply device) integrated with a flow control inverter. Although not explicitly shown in FIG. 1, the flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 has a built-in flow meter.
The water M3 contained in the water tank 31 is sucked by the submersible pump 311 in the water tank 31 and sent to the flow control inverter integrated water pump 32, and further from the flow control inverter integrated water pump 32 to the second pressure resistant hose. It is pumped (discharged) to 34. The discharge flow rate of the water M3 is controlled at any time in the connection system 300 so that the mortar has an appropriate composition (water-cement ratio W / C).
The second pressure resistant hose 34 communicates with the connection system 300. In FIG. 1, for simplification of the illustration, the second pressure resistant hose 34 is connected to the connection system 300 via reference numeral β.
Control by the sprayer 25, the detection sensor 3, the control device 2, the flow rate control inverter integrated water supply pump 32, etc. (control of the pumping system 200 and the water addition system 100) will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.

The connection system 300 includes a mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device 41, a kneading accelerating pipe 42, a multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43, 43-1 (or a mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2), and a multi-stage degassing device 44. The mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device 41 and the kneading accelerating pipe 42 constitute the mixing device 40.
The connection system 300 is connected to the downstream end 28a of the first pressure resistant hose 28 and the downstream end 34a of the second pressure resistant hose 34, and granulates flowing through the first pressure resistant hose 28. The mixture of the solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 and the water M3 flowing through the second pressure resistant hose 34 merge at the connection system 300.
A third pressure-resistant hose 51 is connected to the downstream side of the mixing / stirring acceleration water addition device 41, and the mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2, and the water M3 flows through the third pressure-resistant hose 51, and the spray nozzle 61 Is sprayed onto slope 1 (M10 is sprayed).
The mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41 and the kneading promoting pipe 42 of the connection system 300 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12, and the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43 and 43-1 and the mechanical crushing and kneading device 4-3 will be described. The multi-stage deaerator 44 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10, and the multi-stage deaerator 44 will be described later with reference to FIG. 7.

With reference to FIG. 1, a reservoir tank 29 (external reservoir tank) interposed in an air hose 27 communicating the air compressor 26 and the sprayer 25 will be described.
As described above, the sprayer 25 includes an upper pressure cooker 251 (see FIGS. 2 and 4) and a lower pressure cooker 252 (see FIGS. 2 and 4), which are not shown in FIG. When the high pressure air is supplied, the high pressure air to be supplied to the lower pressure cooker 252 decreases and is supplied to the upper pressure cooker 251. Therefore, the pressure of the lower pressure cooker 252 is temporarily lowered. As a result, a pressure difference is generated between the upper pressure cooker 251 and the lower pressure cooker 252, and at the same time, the pressure for discharging the mixed material to the first pressure resistant hose 28 is lowered, and the discharge amount of the mixed material of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 is increased. It becomes unstable, and in some cases, it may cause blockage or pulsation in the discharge port of the sprayer 25 or in the hose.
In the illustrated embodiment, the reservoir tank 29 is interposed in the air hose 27 to prevent the occurrence of the pressure difference, which is limited only by the capacity of the air compressor 26 alone and the sprayer 25. That is, when the high pressure air is supplied to the upper pressure cooker 251 by adding the high pressure air in the reservoir tank 29, the pressure imbalance in the upper and lower pressure cookers 251 and 252 is prevented in advance, and the pressure difference is different. Preventing outbreaks. As a result, the mixed material can be discharged stably, workability is improved (efficiency is improved), and instability factors such as blockage and pulsation can be suppressed, thereby improving the safety of workers. You can.

The capacity of the reservoir tank 29 is preferably set to 1/2 or more of the capacity of the lower pressure cooker 252. In the experiment of the inventor, if the capacity of the lower pressure cooker 252 is 1/2 or more, it is possible to prevent a pressure difference between the upper and lower pressure cookers 251 and 252 when supplying high pressure air to the upper pressure cooker 251. rice field.
Here, if the capacity of the reservoir tank 29 is too large, it becomes difficult to install the reservoir tank 29, which adversely affects various workability and loading / unloading. In other words, it is preferable that the size of the reservoir tank 29 is ½ or more of the capacity of the lower pressure cooker and is within a range that does not adversely affect the installation.

The spraying machine 25, the detection sensor 3, the control device 2, and the flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
In FIG. 2, the powder mass flow meter 3A and the data transmitter 3B (transmitter) constitute the detection sensor 3 in FIG. The powder / granule mass flow meter 3A is a discharge amount of a mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 supplied (discharged) from the discharge portion 25A of the sprayer 25 (lower pressure cooker 252) to the first pressure resistant hose 28. Is detected (measured). The detection result (discharge amount) of the powder mass flow meter 3A is transmitted to the control device 2 by the data transmitter 3B (transmitter). As described above, the mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 discharged from the sprayer 25 is supplied to the connection system 300 via the first pressure resistant hose 28.

The control device 2 receives the detection result (the amount of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 discharged from the sprayer 25) transmitted from the detection sensor 3 (powder mass flow meter 3A and transmitter 3B). Then, the amount of water M3 added (the amount of water to which the sprayed mortar has an appropriate composition) and the flow rate (converted flow rate) of water M3 corresponding to the amount of addition are calculated with respect to the discharge amount. It has a function. The appropriate amount of water M3 added is set, for example, in the range of water-cement ratio W / C = 45 to 55%, as will be described later.
The data of the converted flow rate of the water M3 added to the mixture calculated by the control device 2 is transmitted to the flow rate control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 via the data receiver 32A on the water addition system 100 side.
The water flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 of the water system 100 sucks the water M3 stored in the water tank 31 by the submersible pump 311 and uses the water M3 at the converted flow rate calculated by the control device 2 as the second pressure resistant hose. It is pumped (discharged) to 34. The water M3 discharged to the second pressure resistant hose 34 is supplied to the connection system 300 (see FIG. 1).
Although not clearly displayed, the generator 6 supplies electric power to the sprayer 25, the flow control inverter integrated water pump 32, the submersible pump 311 in the water tank 31, and the like.

For example, the general composition of mortar is "cement: fine aggregate (sand) = 1: 4", and how much water is added to this is the "water-cement ratio W". / C ". The water-cement ratio W / C has a great influence on the strength and other qualities of mortar.
Usually, in sprayed mortar, the water-cement ratio is set between W / C = 45 to 55%. In the case of a mortar having a general composition, if W / C = 50%, if the cement is 100 kg, the amount of sand is 400 kg and the amount of water is 50 kg. Here, surplus water called surface water is attached to the sand, and the surplus water is measured twice every morning and afternoon, and the amount of water obtained by subtracting the measured surplus water is added.
Although not specified in FIGS. 2 and 3, the mortar composition related to the control device 2 is set or recorded in advance, and when the connection system 300 is reached, the mixture composition has an appropriate water-cement ratio W /. The flow rate to be sent can be calculated from the ratio of the required water M3 to the discharge amount (mass flow rate) of the mixed material (mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2) so as to be C.
By using the flow rate designation type water supply pump, even if the discharge amount of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 changes, the corresponding required mixed water amount can be constantly confirmed. Therefore, by automatically adjusting the flow rate of the flow rate specification type water supply pump, water M3 is always supplied so that W / C = 50%, and the appropriate amount of water is set in the connection system 300 in front of the spray nozzle 61 in a multi-stage system. Alternatively, it can be added to a mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 crushed by the mechanical pulverizing and kneading apparatus 43, 43-1, 4-3-2.

If the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 is pumped by the first pressure-resistant hose 28 by air pressure and the water M1 is pumped by the second pressure-resistant hose 34, a time lag occurs in the pumping time. Even if the lengths of the pressure-resistant hoses are the same, the water M1 reaches the connection system 300 earlier than the air-pressed mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2.
It is presumed that the time lag is caused by the difference in hose diameter, the difference in friction loss of the pumping material of each pressure resistant hose, the difference in air pumping of solids and the difference in pumping of liquids, and the like. In the inventor's experiment, for example, when the lengths of the pressure resistant hoses 28 and 34 are both 560 m and the lift (height difference) is 155 m, a mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 is pumped by air pressure. The time lag when the water M1 was pumped was about 30 seconds.
Although not specified in FIGS. 2 and 3, the time lag related to the control device 2 is set or recorded in advance, and when the connection system 300 is reached, the mixture is properly mixed with the water-cement ratio W / C. Therefore, it has a function of calculating the amount of water added and the corresponding converted flow rate in consideration of the time lag.

In the prior art, the amount of mixed material discharged from the sprayer 25 was not constant, so in the conventional dry spraying work, the amount of water added was left to the nozzle man (craftsman), and the spraying device (10) used water, solidifying material, and aggregate appropriately. It was difficult to formulate in. By performing the above-mentioned control with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the control signal for grasping the change in the material discharge amount and following the change in the material discharge amount to obtain the converted flow rate of the appropriate water amount is controlled by the flow rate. Since the flow rate control automation system was constructed by transmitting to the inverter-integrated water supply pump 32, it is possible to stably and accurately realize the water-cement ratio W / C, which is the most important in mortar compounding, and the sprayed mortar is of appropriate quality. It became possible to maintain.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, control of the pumping system 200 and the water addition system 100 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
In FIG. 3, in step S1, the amount of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 discharged from the sprayer 25 to the first pressure-resistant hose 28 is measured by the powder / granule mass flow meter 3A (detection sensor 3). measure. The measured discharge amount of the mixture is transmitted to the control device 2 by the data transmitter 3B (transmitter) (input to the control device 2). Then, the process proceeds to step S2.
In step S2, the control device 2 uses the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 so as to have an appropriate composition as a spray mortar based on the data of the mixture discharge amount (material discharge amount) transmitted from the detection sensor 3. A predetermined blending amount (addition amount) of water M3 is calculated with respect to the discharge amount of the mixture of. Then, the process proceeds to step S3.
Here, for example, if the water-cement ratio W / C = 50%, the blending amount of water M3 is 50 kg with respect to 100 kg of cement (cement content contained in the granulation solidifying material M1). At that time, if "cement: aggregate = 1: 4", the aggregate M2 is 400 kg.

In step S3, the control device 2 calculates a converted flow rate corresponding to the appropriate blending amount of water M3 calculated in step S2. Then, in step S4, the control device 2 transmits the converted flow rate calculated in step S3 as a control signal to the flow rate control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 in the water addition system 100 via the data receiver 32A. Then, the process proceeds to step S5.
In step S5, the control device 2 determines whether or not to end the control. For example, when the spraying work is completed, it is determined to be "finished", but the control device 2 determines whether or not to "finish", including the case where it is interrupted due to the construction situation. Although not clearly shown, the operator may decide whether to end the control or reset it.
In step S5, if "Yes", the control is terminated, and if "No", the process returns to step S1 to continue this control.

Next, a mode different from that described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6.
In FIG. 4, the devices constituting the detection sensor 3 in FIG. 1 are a sprayer weight measuring instrument 4 and a material input amount detecting sensor 5 (material input amount measuring instrument).
The sprayer weight measuring instrument 4 is a load cell arranged at four leg portions near the bottom of the sprayer 25, and the total weight of the sprayer 25 is measured by the four load cells. In FIG. 4, two load cells 4 are shown. A mixture of the granulating solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 is put into the upper pressure cooker 25) into the spraying machine 25 in operation, and the mixture of the granulating solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 kneaded from the lower pressure cooker 252 is charged. It is discharged to the first pressure resistant hose 28.
The total weight of the sprayer 25 measured by the sprayer weight measuring instrument 4 is the weight of the mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 in the sprayer 25, which fluctuates from moment to moment, and the weight of the sprayer 25 itself (sprayer). 25 "empty" weights) plus the weight. The measurement result (total weight of the sprayer 25) is transmitted to the control device 2 via the transmitter 4A (data transmitter).
The material input amount detection sensor 5 (material input amount measuring instrument) is arranged near the mixture input port 25B in the upper pressure cooker 251 of the sprayer 25, and the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 charged into the upper pressure cooker 251. Measure the input amount of the mixture (mixture other than water). The amount of the mixture charged into the sprayer 25 is transmitted to the control device 2 via the transmitter 5A (data transmitter).

The control device 2 receives the measurement result by the material input amount detection sensor 5, and measures the material input amount detection sensor 5 from the "total weight of the sprayer 25" measured by the sprayer weight measuring instrument 4 (load cell). The "material input amount (cumulative data for each batch)" is subtracted, and the "weight (constant value) of the sprayer 25 in an empty state" in which the previously measured mixture is not charged is subtracted. By such an calculation, the amount of reduced raw material, that is, the amount of the mixture discharged from the sprayer 25 through the discharge port 25A and discharged to the first pressure resistant hose 28 can be obtained.
"Mixture discharge amount" = "total weight of sprayer 25 (constant data)"
-"Material input amount (cumulative data for each batch)"-"Weight of empty sprayer 25" ... (Equation 1)

The above formula (1) (calculation formula for the amount of the mixture discharged from the sprayer 25) will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 5, the variation in the weight of the mixture (mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2) in the upper pressure kettle 251 is shown by the characteristic line A, and the variation in the weight of the mixture in the lower pressure kettle 252 is shown by the characteristic line B. , The fluctuation of the total weight of the mixture in the upper and lower pressure kettles 25 is shown by the characteristic line C, and the characteristic line D shows the amount of reduction of the mixture in the upper and lower pressure kettles 25, that is, the discharge amount. In FIG. 5, the vertical axis indicates the weight (increase / decrease in the weight of the mixture, the discharge amount of the mixture), and the horizontal axis indicates the passage of time.
In FIG. 5, the weight of the mixture (characteristic line A) in the upper pressure cooker 251 increases when the mixture is charged (region A1), and becomes zero by dropping the mixture into the lower pressure cooker 252 (region A2). .. That is, the mixture supply (indicated by the characteristic line A) in the upper pressure cooker 251 is a batch operation. The fluctuation of the weight of the mixture in the upper pressure cooker 251 is measured by the material input amount detection sensor 5.
The weight of the mixture in the lower pressure cooker 252 (characteristic line B) increases to a constant value in an instant by dropping the mixture from the upper pressure cooker 251 for each batch (region B1), and then continuously weights by discharging the mixture. Decreases and repeats this (batch by batch). Then, if the continuously decreasing weight is obtained as cumulative data, the amount of the mixture discharged from the sprayer 25 can be obtained.

The total weight of the mixture (characteristic line) in the upper and lower pressure cookers 25 is the sum of the weight of the mixture in the upper pressure cooker 251 (graph A) and the weight of the mixture in the lower pressure cooker 252 (graph B). As shown by the input, the drop into the lower pressure cooker (characteristic line A) and the mixture discharge (characteristic line B), the pressure is constantly changing. Here, the total weight of the mixture in the upper and lower pressure cookers 25 is measured in advance from the "total weight of the sprayer 25 (including the mixture)" measured by the sprayer weight measuring instrument 4 (four load cells). It is obtained by subtracting the constant "weight of the empty sprayer 25".
Therefore, in the above formula (1), the "mixture discharge amount" is the cumulative value of the reduced weight for each batch in the fluctuation of the mixture weight in the lower pressure cooker 252 (graph B), and is the characteristic line D in FIG. Can be represented by. Here, the gradient of the special front D (indicating a decrease in the mixture) is the same as the gradient that decreases intermittently from batch to batch on the characteristic line B.

Again, in FIG. 4, the control device 2 is calculated after calculating the amount (mixture discharge amount) of the mixture (granulation solidifying material M1 and aggregate M2) discharged from the sprayer 25 by the above formula (1). The amount of water M3 added and the flow rate (converted flow rate) of water M3 corresponding to the added amount are calculated (for example, water cement of the spray mortar) so that the mixture is properly blended with respect to the discharge amount of the mixture. Calculate the converted flow rate of water M3 so that the specified value is within the range of the ratio W / C = 45 to 55%).
The other controls in the aspects of FIGS. 4 and 5 are the same as the controls of the aspects of FIGS. 2 and 3. That is, the flow rate data of the water M3 to be added to the mixture calculated by the control device 2 is transmitted to the flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 via the data receiver 32A on the water addition system 100 side. Then, in the water flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 of the water system 100, the water M3 housed in the water tank 31 is sucked by the submersible pump 311 and the water M3 is sucked into the second pressure resistant hose at the converted flow rate calculated by the control device 2. It is pumped (discharged) to 34. The water M3 discharged to the second pressure resistant hose 34 is supplied to the connection system 300.

The control procedure in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described with reference to FIG.
In step S11, the weight of the mixture (material) of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 in the spraying machine 25 is added to the weight of the "empty" of the spraying machine 25 itself by the spraying machine weight measuring instrument 4. A certain "total weight of the sprayer 25" is measured. The measured "total weight of the sprayer 25" is input to the control device by the transmitter 4A.
Further, in step S1, the material input amount detection sensor 5 (material input amount measuring instrument) measures the input amount of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 charged into the upper pressure cooker 251 of the sprayer 25. .. The amount of the mixture charged into the sprayer 25 is also input to the control device 2 via the transmitter 5A. Then, the process proceeds to step S12.

In step S12, the control device 2 is based on the measurement result of the sprayer weight measuring device 4, the measurement result of the material input amount detection sensor 5, and the weight (constant) of the sprayer 25 in the empty state measured in advance. The mixture discharge amount (material discharge amount) is calculated according to 1). Then, the process proceeds to step S13.
In step S13, the control device 2 calculates the amount of water M3 added to the mixture discharge amount calculated in step S12 so that the sprayed mortar has an appropriate composition. Then, the process proceeds to step S14.

In step S14, the control device 2 calculates a converted flow rate corresponding to the appropriate blending amount of water M3 calculated in step S13. Then, in step S15, the control device 2 transmits the converted flow rate calculated in step S14 as a control signal to the flow rate control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 in the water addition system 100 via the data receiver 32A. Then, the process proceeds to step S16.
In step S16, it is determined whether or not to end the control. For example, when the spraying work is completed, the control is terminated, but it is also determined whether or not the control is terminated including the case where the control is interrupted due to the construction situation. This determination is made by the control device 2, but may be determined by an operator.
If step S16 is "Yes", the control is terminated, and if "No", the process returns to step S11 and the control is continued.

In the control described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, as in the control of FIGS. 2 and 3, the change in the material discharge amount is grasped, and the change in the material discharge amount is followed to obtain the converted flow rate of the appropriate water addition amount. A control signal is transmitted to the flow rate control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 to construct a flow rate control automation system. In the control of FIGS. 4 to 6, the discharge amount of the mixture is calculated based on the total weight of the sprayer 25 and the amount of material input to the sprayer 25, but in the experiment of the inventor, a minute error control can be executed. There is.
Other configurations and effects in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 are the same as those in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

In addition to the modes shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, control modes relating to the sprayer 25, the detection sensor 3, the control device 2, and the flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 are possible.
For example, when the mixed material of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 is fully filled in the lower pressure cooker 252 of the sprayer 25, the maximum load is applied to the kneading electric motor (not shown). However, as the mixed material is discharged from the sprayer 25, the load of the kneading electric motor also decreases. Based on this phenomenon, the current value that fluctuates with changes in the load of the kneading electric motor of the sprayer 25 is measured, the discharge amount of the mixed material is calculated by the control device, and the amount of water for proper blending is calculated. Then, it is possible to transmit a control signal to the water supply pump integrated with the flow rate control inverter.

Next, the multi-stage deaerator 44 in the connection system 300 (FIG. 1) will be described with reference to FIG. 7.
In FIG. 7, the multi-stage degassing device 44 is tubular as a whole, and the multi-stage degassing device 44 has a function of partially reducing the pressure in the internal space and releasing it to the outside, and the degassing amount. A decompression mechanism 441 (deaeration adjustment mechanism) capable of adjusting the above speed is provided in a plurality of stages (two stages in the example of FIG. 7) in the longitudinal direction. The two-stage or higher (multi-stage type) decompression mechanism 441 includes a branch portion 441A and a discharge portion 441B, respectively.
The high-pressure air containing the mixture of the granulating solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 sent from the pressure feeding system 200 via the first pressure-resistant hose 28 (see FIG. 1: not shown in FIG. 7) is a multi-stage degassing device. It flows in from the inflow section 44C of 44 (arrow F1), flows through the inner pipe 44A, is depressurized stepwise for each decompression mechanism 441 and degassed (one-step decompression and two-step decompression), and is multi-stage crushed from the outflow section 44D. It flows out to the kneading device 43 (see FIGS. 1, 8 to 10: not shown in FIG. 7) (arrow F2).
When the high-pressure air passes through the multi-stage deaerator 44, in each stage, a part of the high-pressure air is formed in the decompression mechanism 441 from the branch portion 441A to the annular hollow portion between the inner surface of the outer pipe 44B and the outer surface of the inner pipe 44A. It flows out (arrow F3) and is discharged to the outside as excess air from the discharge unit 441B (arrow F4). The tip of the outer pipe 44B on the downstream side (left side in FIG. 7) and constituting the branch portion 441 is tapered with respect to the longitudinal direction (left-right direction in FIG. 7) of the decompression mechanism 441. ..

Here, in each of the multi-stage (for example, two-stage) decompression mechanism 441 shown in FIG. 7, a male screw T44 is formed at the upstream side (right side in FIG. 7) end of the inner pipe 44A, and the male screw T44 is formed. Is screwed with a female screw (not shown) formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe 44B to adjust the longitudinal position (horizontal position in FIG. 7) of the inner pipe 44A with respect to the outer pipe 44B. , The gap between the inner surface of the outer tube 44B and the outer surface of the inner tube 44A can be adjusted. Thereby, the decompression amount in each of the decompression mechanism 441 is adjusted.
Further, the downstream end (left side in FIG. 7) of the outer pipe 44B and the downstream end S44 of the inner pipe 44A are processed into a tapered shape, and partly due to the tapered tip shape of the outer pipe 44B and the inner pipe 44A. The straightness of the powdered solidifying material (part of the granulated solidifying material M1 is powdered) is improved, backflow in the downstream direction is prevented, and only excess high-pressure air is degassed. As a result, the generation of dust is prevented, the environmental load is reduced, and work safety is ensured.
In FIG. 7, the downstream tips of the inner pipe 44A and the outer pipe 44B are formed in a tapered shape, but the taper of the outer pipe 44B is 5 to 15 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the decompression mechanism 441 (gentle). When configured (so as to have a smooth taper), the downstream tip of the inner pipe 44A may not form a taper and may be configured as a so-called straight pipe (not shown). With such a configuration, the backflow of a partially powdered solidifying material (cement, etc.) when taken to high-pressure air is suppressed, dust is prevented from leaking to the outside of the decompression mechanism 44, and the environment. The load is reduced, work safety is ensured, and deterioration of compounding quality is prevented.

Since the high-pressure air is decompressed and degassed stepwise (in small amounts) for each stage of the decompression mechanism 441, the amount of decompression in the decompression mechanism 441 of each stage is compared with the conventional single-stage degassing device. It is much smaller, and the amount of high-pressure air degassed by each decompression mechanism 441 is also small. Therefore, the solidifying material (cement, etc.) that is partially powdered by being taken by the degassed high-pressure air does not leak from the multi-stage degassing device 44, and the problem of dust leakage is prevented. ..
According to the inventor's experiment, the pressure of the high-pressure air containing the mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2, which was 0.8 to 1.45 Mpa near the inflow port of the multi-stage deaerator 44, was the outflow port. In the vicinity, the pressure dropped to less than 0.8 MPa, and the pressure was such that the operator could easily and safely perform the spraying work.
The number of stages of the multi-stage degassing device 44 can be set to, for example, 2 to 5 stages depending on the pressure feeding pressure.

Next, the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43 in the connection system 300 (FIG. 1) will be described with reference to FIG. The multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43 is adjacent to the downstream side of the multi-stage degassing device 44.
In FIG. 8, the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43 is tubular as a whole, and a plurality of protrusions 43A projecting toward the center are provided on the inner peripheral surface thereof. The plurality of protrusions 43A are formed in a hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a columnar shape, are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the multi-stage crushing and kneading apparatus 43, and in the longitudinal direction. It is arranged so as to be different from the adjacent protrusion 43A in the position in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface (so-called "staggered").

In FIG. 8, the inflow of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 into the multi-stage pulverizing and kneading device 43 is indicated by an arrow F5, and the outflow is indicated by an arrow F6. The granulation solidifying material M1 collides with a large number of protrusions 43A and is pulverized and stirred in the form of powder. In other words, the granulated solidifying material M1 becomes a normal powdery solidifying material (cement or the like) by passing through the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43, and is properly kneaded with the aggregate M2.
In the experiment of the inventor, if only one stage of the pulverizing and kneading device was provided, the pulverizing effect of the granulated solidifying material M1 was low, and the granular granulated cement that could not be pulverized remained in the spray mortar formed by discharge, and was compressed. The strength may decrease. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, by increasing the number of pipe portions provided with the protrusions 43A to two or more stages, the pulverizing and kneading effect of the granulated solidifying material M1 is improved, and granular granulated cement remains in the sprayed mortar. It was confirmed that the quality could be ensured by suppressing the mortar and improving the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar. Here, in the crushing and kneading apparatus 43, the number of stages of the pipe portion provided with the protrusions 43A varies depending on the hardness of the granulated cement and the pumping distance, but may be set to, for example, 2 to 5 stages. You can.

Here, the more the granulated cement constituting the granulated solidifying material M1 is crushed, the higher the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar is. In other words, the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar mixed with the remaining granular granulated cement is small. The reason why the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar mixed with the remaining granular granulated cement decreases is that the granulated cement is not sufficiently crushed to become powder cement.
Originally, a healthy mortar can be created by evenly kneading powder cement, sand, and water. However, if granular granulated cement remains and is mixed, the amount of powder cement in the mortar is reduced by that amount, and proper blending as mortar is not made. Further, the granular granulated cement loses the function of joining and hardening (hydrating) sands with each other. Further, the granulated cement that has been compression-aggregated under high pressure cannot rapidly reach a sufficient water absorption / hydration reaction, and therefore cannot exhibit its function as a solidifying material. This is because cement exhibits a hardening function as a strong solidifying material only when it is in the form of a powder and undergoes a hydration reaction. For example, even if the granular cement absorbs water, the granular cement alone forms ultra-high-strength hardened cement grains, and cannot contribute to ensuring the strength of the mortar including sand. The more hardened cement grains are produced, the more powder cement required for hardening mortar, including sand, is insufficient.
That is, the smaller the particles of cement, the more suitable it is as a high-strength material, and the agglomerated granulated cement particles cause a decrease in strength. Here, the smaller the cement particles, the higher the strength. The smaller the particle size of the powder particles, the larger the surface area, the cement particles are surrounded by water, the contact area increases, and the hydration reaction occurs. This is because the opportunity is increased and the hydration reaction is promoted.

In FIG. 8, the plurality of protrusions 43A are formed in a hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a columnar shape. It can be a pyramid shape (triangular prism shape or quadrangular pyramid shape) or a pyramid shape (polygonal pyramid shape having a cross section of pentagon or more).
The multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43-1 shown in FIG. 9 has a different protrusion shape from the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43 of FIG. 8, and a large number of prismatic protrusions 43-1A are arranged.
Also in the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43-1 shown in FIG. 9, the prismatic protrusion 43-1A projects toward the center on the inner peripheral surface and is longitudinal, as in the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43 of FIG. The protrusions are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface at intervals in the direction, and the positions in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface are different from those of the protrusions 43-1A adjacent in the longitudinal direction (so-called "staggered"). ) Have been placed. Further, the prismatic protrusions 43-1A are arranged so that the directions of the long long sides having a cross-sectional shape are alternately oriented so that the protrusions adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction are orthogonal to each other.

In FIG. 9, the inflow of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 into the multi-stage crushing and kneading apparatus 43-1 is indicated by an arrow F7, and the outflow is indicated by an arrow F8. When passing through the device 43-1, it collides with a large number of protrusions 43-1A and is crushed into a powdery solidifying material (cement or the like).
Other configurations and effects of the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43-1 of FIG. 9 are the same as those of the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43 of FIG.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, the granulation solidifying material M1 is crushed by a large number of protrusions 43A and 43-1A arranged inside the multi-stage crushing and kneading apparatus 43 and 43-1. In the device 43-2, no protrusion is arranged, and a mechanism (rotary face) for crushing the granulation solidifying material M1 is provided inside.
In FIG. 10, the mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2 is tubular as a whole, and a rotary crushing blade 43-21 (rotary face for crushing granulated cement) for crushing the granulation solidifying material M1 is provided in the internal space thereof. It is provided.
A motor 43-22 (drive source) is attached to the outside of the tubular member of the mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2, and the driving force of the motor 43-22 (drive source) is the motor rotating shaft 43-23 and the motor rotating shaft 43-23. It is transmitted to the rotary crushing blade 43-21 by the gear box 43-24 (driving force transmission mechanism). In the illustrated embodiment, two stages are provided as the rotary crushing blade 43-21. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 43-26 is a generator (small generator) that supplies electric power to the motor 43-22.
The motor 43-22 is flanged to a tubular member of the mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2, and maintenance of the motor 43-22, the rotary crushing blade 43-21, the gear box 43-24, and the motor 43-22 is performed. Is facilitating.

In the internal space of the mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2, the protective device 43-25 (gear box protection) is located on the upstream side (pumping system 200 side: right side in FIG. 10) of the motor rotating shaft 43-23 and the gear box 43-24. A plate) is arranged to prevent the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 to be pumped from colliding with the motor rotating shaft 43-23 and / or the gear box 43-24.
The mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2 increases the pipe diameter so as to accommodate the gear box 43-24 and to prevent the density of the inflowing mixed material from changing significantly in the pipe, and the gear box 43-24 is increased. It has a tubular shape that bulges around the mounting part of. As the pipe diameter increases, the flow of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 flowing through the mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2 is disturbed, and the rotary crushing blade 43-21 is efficiently contacted.

In FIG. 10, the inflow of the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 into the multi-stage crushing and kneading apparatus 43-2 is indicated by the arrow F9, and the outflow is indicated by the arrow F10. Since it is crushed by the blade 43-21, it is suppressed that granular granulated cement remains in the sprayed mortar, and the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar is improved.
Further, since the gearbox protection plate 43-25 (protection device) is arranged on the upstream side of the motor rotation shaft 43-23 and the gearbox 43-24, the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 aggregate M2 to be pumped can be mixed. Prevents collision with the motor rotating shaft 43-23 and gear box 43-24 to prevent wear and deterioration of the transmission mechanism, and thus continues crushing of the granulated solidifying material M1 by the rotary crushing blade 43-21. Can be done.

Next, the mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41 and the kneading promoting pipe 42 in the connection system 300 (FIG. 1) will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device 41 is arranged adjacent to the downstream side (spray nozzle 61 side) of the crushing and kneading device 43, and the kneading and kneading promoting pipe 42 is adjacent to the downstream side of the mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device 41. The mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device 41 and the kneading accelerating pipe 42 constitute the mixing device 40.
In FIG. 11, the mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device 41 is configured in an annular shape as a whole, and includes an inner wall body 411, an outer wall body 412, a water supply unit 413, and a ejection unit 414.
A passage space S1 is formed inside the inner wall body 411, and a mixture of the solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 crushed and powdered on the crushing and kneading device 43 side (upstream side) flows through the passage space S1.

The outer wall body 412 surrounds the inner wall body 411, and forms an annular space S2 with the inner wall body 411. An annular groove 412A recessed outward in the radial direction is formed on a part of the inner peripheral surface of the outer wall body 412.
The end portion 411A on the downstream side (left side in FIG. 11) of the inner wall body 411 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer wall body 412, and the end portion 411B on the upstream side (right side in FIG. 11) of the inner wall body 411 is cylindrical. It is in contact with the downstream end portion 417A of the fixed wall body 417.
The annular space S2 formed between the inner wall body 411 and the outer wall body 412 is arranged so as to surround the passage space S1, and the passage space S1 is provided inside the annular space S2.

A water supply unit 413 communicates with the annular space S2, and water is pumped from the outside of the outer wall body 412 to the water supply unit 413. The water supply unit 413 includes an outer wall hole portion 413A that penetrates the outer wall body 412. In FIG. 11, a cylindrical first connecting pipe 415 is screwed into the outer wall hole portion 413A of the water supply portion 413 in which a female screw (not shown) is formed, and the first connecting pipe 415 has a substantially L-shaped first connection pipe. Two connecting pipes 416 are connected. Although not shown in FIG. 11, a downstream end portion 34a (FIG. 1) of the second pressure resistant hose 34 (FIG. 1) is connected to the second connection pipe 416.
The water M3 pumped from the water addition system 100 via the second pressure resistant hose 34a flows in from the second connecting pipe 416 (arrow F11), passes through the first connecting pipe 415 and the water supply unit 413, and enters the annular space S2. (Dashed line F11A in FIG. 12). Although not shown, a control valve or the like for adjusting the flow rate of the water M3 can be interposed in the second connecting pipe 416, if necessary.

In FIG. 12, the water M3 pumped into the annular space S2 is injected into the passage space S1 from the inner wall hole portion 414A formed in the ejection portion 414. Each of the inner wall hole portions 414A penetrates the inner wall body 411 and communicates the annular space S2 and the passage space S1. The plurality of ejection portions 414 (five in the illustrated embodiment) and the inner wall hole portions 414A are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall body 411 (passage space S1).
As shown in FIG. 12, the injection direction (arrow J1) of the inner wall hole portion 414A is 15 ° to 45 ° with respect to the virtual line (virtual radius: arrow J0) from the inner wall hole portion 414A toward the center of the passage space S1. °, tilted by 30 ° in FIG. The direction of inclination is counterclockwise with respect to the virtual radius in FIG. 12, but it may be inclined in the clockwise direction.
In the experiment of the inventor, when the injection direction of the inner wall hole portion 414A is inclined in the range of 15 ° to 45 ° with respect to the virtual line (virtual radius) from the inner wall hole portion 414A toward the center of the passage space S1, water is obtained. A component in the swirling direction is generated in the jet flow of M3, the mixing efficiency of the mixture of the crushed granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 and the water M3 is improved, and the effect of promoting mixing and stirring is obtained.

In FIG. 11, the outer wall body 412 is provided with a cylindrical fixed wall body 417 for fixing the inner wall body 411. The fixed wall body 417 is inserted into the outer wall body 412 from the upstream side (right side in FIG. 11). The end portion 417A of the fixed wall body 417 sandwiches and fixes the inner wall body 411 together with the locking portion 412B of the outer wall body 412, and the locking portion 412B of the outer wall body 412 is the downstream end portion 411A of the inner wall body 411. Is in contact with.
The downstream side (left side in FIG. 11) of the mixing / stirring promoting water device 41 is connected to the third pressure resistant hose 51 (not shown in FIG. 1: FIG. 11) via the kneading promoting pipe 42, and the mixing / stirring promoting water device 41 is connected. The upstream side of the hose is connected to the pulverizing and kneading device 43.

When the mixture of the crushed granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 pumped from the upstream side flows into the mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41 (arrow F12) and passes through the passage space S1, the second connecting pipe Water M3 (arrow F11) supplied from 416 is ejected from the inner wall hole 414A toward the passage space S1 (arrow J1 in FIG. 12).
The ejected water M3 merges with and is mixed with the mixture of the crushed granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2. Here, since the injection direction of the water M3 is inclined with respect to the virtual radius and has a component as a swirling flow, the water M3 is a mixture of the crushed granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2. The stirring promoting effect can be obtained by applying a rotational force to the mixture and mixing the mixture with high efficiency without bias.

In FIG. 11, a kneading promoting pipe 42 is provided adjacent to the downstream side of the mixing / stirring promoting water addition device 41 (the third pressure resistant hose 51 side in FIG. 1 and the spray nozzle 61 side). The kneading promoting pipe 42 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and a plurality of kneading promoting blades 421 inclined in the longitudinal direction are formed on the inner wall surface.
In FIG. 11, three kneading promoting blades 421 are shown in a predetermined range in the longitudinal direction of the kneading promoting pipe 42. Here, 1 to 5 stages can be provided, which is an area in which 2 to 4 kneading promoting blades 421 are provided in a predetermined range in the longitudinal direction of the kneading promoting blades 421, but only one stage is shown in FIG. Has been done.
When the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2 and the water M3 crushed from the upstream mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41 passes through the kneading promoting blade 421 (arrow F13), a rotational force is forcibly applied and a vortex flow is generated. appear. The vortex flow improves the kneading effect of the crushed granulated solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2, and the water M3.
The mixture of the crushed granulated solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2, and the water M3 that has passed through the kneading promoting pipe 42 is sent to the spray nozzle 61 (FIG. 1) by the third pressure resistant hose 51 (FIG. 1), and is sent to the spray nozzle 61 (FIG. 1). It is sprayed on the slope 1 (FIG. 1) to be constructed by 61.

According to the illustrated embodiment, by using the granulation solidifying material (cement-based granulating solidifying material, etc.) M1 as the solidifying material, the granulating solidifying material M1 and the aggregate are used even at a long distance and a high lift. The mixture of M2 can be pumped to the target location without blocking the first pressure resistant hose 28.
At that time, it is difficult to make the discharge amount of the mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 pumped from the sprayer 25 of the pressure feeding system 200 constant, and therefore, in order to make the mortar composition uniform. Must constantly adjust the flow rate of water M3 pumped from the water addition system 100 in response to the ever-changing discharge rate of the mixture of granulated solidifying material M1 and aggregate M2. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a powder / granule mass flow meter 3A for measuring the discharge amount of the material (mixture of granulated solidifying material M1 and aggregate M2) from the spraying machine 25 and an appropriate spray mortar are used. It has a control device 2 that calculates the amount of water M3 added and the corresponding flow rate of water M3 so that it is mixed, and a flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 that pumps the water M3 of the converted flow rate calculated by the control device 2. doing. Then, even if the discharge amount of the mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 from the sprayer 25 is not uniform, the discharge amount of the mixture is measured by the powder / granule mass flow meter 3A, and based on the measurement result. , The control device 2 calculates the amount of water M3 added and the converted flow rate so that the sprayed mortar has an appropriate composition, and pumps the water M3 from the flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32 to the connection system 300 according to the calculation result. .. Therefore, the water M3, the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 mixed in the connection system 300 can always maintain an appropriate composition as a spray mortar, particularly an appropriate composition of the water-cement ratio W / C.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the sprayed mortar sprayed on the slope 1 from deviating from the proper composition, to compensate for the greatest drawback in the dry spraying method, and to improve the quality.

Further, according to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, when determining the discharge amount of the mixture of the granulation solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2, the measured value of the total weight of the spraying machine 25 by the spraying machine weight measuring device 4 , The control device 2 can calculate based on the amount of the mixed material input to the sprayer 25 by the material input amount detection sensor 5 and the empty weight of the sprayer 25 measured in advance. Then, the amount of water M3 added and the flow rate are calculated so that the sprayed mortar has an appropriate composition, and the water M3 is pumped to the connection system 300 by the flow control inverter integrated water supply pump 32.
Therefore, even in the embodiments of FIGS. 4 to 6, the proper blending of the granulation solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2, and the water M3 can be maintained.

Here, the sprayer 25 includes an upper pressure kettle 251 and a lower pressure kettle 252, but when high pressure air is supplied from the air compressor 26 to the upper pressure kettle 251, the high pressure air to the lower pressure kettle 252 is reduced. Then, since the pressure is supplied to the upper pressure kettle 251, the pressure of the lower pressure kettle 252 is temporarily lowered, a pressure difference is generated between the upper pressure kettle 251 and the lower pressure kettle 252, and at the same time, the mixed material is put into the first pressure resistant hose 28. The discharge pressure is lowered, and the discharge amount of the mixed material of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 becomes unstable, which may lead to blockage or pulsation in the discharge port or hose of the sprayer 25 in some cases. ..
On the other hand, according to the illustrated embodiment, since the reservoir tank 29 is interposed in the air hose 27 that communicates the air compressor 26 and the sprayer 25, the reservoir is used when supplying high pressure air to the upper pressure cooker 251. By adding the high-pressure air in the tank 29, the imbalance of pressure in the upper and lower pressure cookers 251 and 252 can be eliminated, and the occurrence of the pressure difference can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to stabilize the discharge of the mixed material.
In the illustrated embodiment, if the capacity of the reservoir tank 29 is set to 1/2 or more of the capacity of the lower pressure cooker 252 and the size is such that it does not hinder the loading of workers or loading / unloading, the pressure difference is generated. It has been confirmed by the inventor's experiment that this can be prevented.

Further, according to the illustrated embodiment, the connection system 300 includes a multi-stage degassing device 44, and the degassing device 44 has a decompression mechanism 441 capable of adjusting a plurality of (two or more stages) degassing amount. The high-pressure air containing the mixture of the granulating solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 sent from the pressure feeding system 200 passes through the multi-stage degassing device 44 in stages (in small increments) for each decompression mechanism 441. Since decompression and degassing are performed, the amount of decompression in the decompression mechanism 441 of each stage is much smaller than that of the conventional decompression device having only one stage, and the amount of high-pressure air degassed by each decompression mechanism 441 is also large. few.
Therefore, it is prevented that the partially powdered solidifying material (cement, etc.) is taken to the degassed high-pressure air and leaks from the multi-stage degassing device 44, and dust leaks from the multi-stage degassing device 44. This is also prevented, reducing the environmental load and ensuring work safety.

In addition, according to the illustrated embodiment, the connection system 300 includes a multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43, and a plurality of tubular multi-stage crushing and kneading devices 43 projecting toward the center on the inner peripheral surface. The protrusion 43A is provided. The plurality of protrusions 43A are arranged at equal intervals in the inner peripheral surface circumferential direction at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43, and the protrusions 43A adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction are inner peripheral surface circles. They are arranged so that their positions in the circumferential direction are different (they are arranged in a so-called "staggered" shape). A plurality of stages (for example, two stages) of crushing and kneading means (projection groups) are provided.
The granulated solidifying material M1 sent from the first pressure-resistant hose 28 collides with a large number of protrusions 43A when passing through the multi-stage crushing and kneading device 43, and is appropriately crushed and stirred to solidify into a powder. It becomes a material (cement, etc.) and is properly kneaded with aggregate M2. Further, in the illustrated embodiment in which a plurality of protrusions 43A are arranged in multiple stages (two stages) in the longitudinal direction, it is an invention that the granulation solidifying material M1 has a higher crushing effect as compared with the conventional technique in which the protrusions are arranged in a single stage. Has been confirmed by the person.

Further, according to the embodiment of FIG. 10, since the mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2 is provided with the rotary crushing blade 43-21, the granulation solidifying material M1 sent from the first pressure resistant hose 28 is rotationally crushed. It is crushed and stirred by the blade 43-21. Therefore, it is suppressed that granular granulated solidifying material (cement or the like) remains in the sprayed mortar, and the compressive strength of the sprayed mortar is improved.
Further, since the protective device 43-14 (gear box protective plate) is provided in the internal space of the mechanical crushing and kneading device 43-2, the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 to be pumped is transmitted by the transmission mechanism (motor rotation). It is possible to prevent the shaft 43-23 and the gear box 43-24) from colliding with each other.

Further, according to the illustrated embodiment, the connection system 300 includes a mixing device 40, and the mixing device 40 includes a mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device 41 and a kneading accelerating pipe 42. Then, the mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41 injects water M3 from a plurality of inner wall hole portions 414A in the circumferential direction of the internal space S1, and the injection direction is with respect to a virtual line (virtual radius) toward the center of the internal space S1. Tilt (in the range of 15 ° to 45 °).
Therefore, when the mixture of the crushed granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 pumped from the upstream side passes through the passage space S1 of the mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41, the water jetted from the inner wall hole portion 414A. It merges with M3 and is mixed. Since the injection direction of the water M3 is inclined in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the virtual radius, the water M3 is crushed by the multi-stage or mechanical crushing and kneading device 43, 43-1, 43-2. A stirring promoting effect can be obtained by applying a rotational force to the mixture of the granulated solidifying material M1 and the aggregate M2 and mixing them with high efficiency without bias.

According to the illustrated embodiment, the mixing device 40 is provided with a kneading promoting pipe 42 adjacent to the downstream side (spray nozzle 61 side) of the mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41, and the inner wall surface of the kneading promoting pipe 42. Is formed with a plurality of kneading promoting blades 421 inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction.
When the mixture of the crushed granulation solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2, and the water M3 flowing in from the upstream mixing and stirring promoting water addition device 41 passes through the kneading promoting blade 421, a rotational force is applied and a vortex flow is generated. Due to this vortex flow, the kneading effect of the crushed and powdered granulated solidifying material M1, the aggregate M2, and the water M3 is improved, and even if the mortar is sprayed from the spray nozzle immediately after water addition, the kneading of the mortar is insufficient. This is prevented and the blending quality of the mortar is improved.

In addition, according to the illustrated embodiment, the specific gravity is set to be about the same as that of the aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand), or the particle size is about the same as that of the aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand). By using the granular granulated solidifying material (M1) set in the above, separation of the material does not occur and the quality of the sprayed mortar is improved. In addition, since the shape and size of the granulated solidifying material (M1) and the aggregate (M2) are about the same, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the hose in the pumping hose is significantly reduced, and the hose is prevented from being blocked. This improves the workability of spraying work.
Since the surface area of a granular material such as a granulated solidifying material (M1) is significantly smaller than that of a powder having the same mass, the reaction of the aggregate (M2) with surface water is suppressed to a minimum and pumping is performed. Friction resistance with the inner wall of the hose and the occurrence of adhesion are greatly reduced.
Furthermore, even if the work is carried out by the dry spraying method, the generation of dust can be prevented, the environmental load is reduced, and the work safety is improved. By using the dry spraying method, the pumping performance using a hose is dramatically improved, and long-distance, high-lift pumping becomes possible. Further, since the same pumping hose (known pumping hose) as that used in a general spraying plant can be used as it is, no special labor is required for the installation and movement of the spraying device.

It should be added that the illustrated embodiment is merely an example and is not a description intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

1 ... Slope, 2 ... Control device, 3 ... Discharge amount measuring device, 4 ... Spraying machine weight measuring device (load cell), 5 ... Material input amount measuring device, 10 ... Spraying device, 25 ... Sprayer, 251 ... Upper pressure kettle, 252 ... Lower pressure kettle, 26 ... Air compressor, 27 ... Air hose, 28 ... First pressure resistant hose, 29 ... Reservoir tank (pressure storage tank), 32 ... Flow control inverter integrated water supply pump, 34 ... Second pressure resistant hose (hydraulic transmission path), 40 ... Mixing device, 41 ... Mixing and stirring Accelerated watering device, 414A ... Inner wall hole, 42 ... Kneading promoting tube, 421 ... Kneading promoting blade, 43, 43-1 ... Multi-stage crushing and kneading device, 43A, 43-1A ... Protrusions, 43-2 ... Mechanical crushing and kneading device, 43-21 ... Rotating crushing blades, 43-22 ... Motor (drive source), 43-23 ... Motor rotating shaft (transmission mechanism), 43-24 ... Gear box (transmission mechanism), 43-25 ... Gear box protection plate (protective device), 44 ... Multi-stage degassing device, 441 ... Decompression mechanism, 61 ... Spraying Nozzle, 100 ... water system, 200 ... pumping system, 300 ... connection system, M1 ... granulation solidifying material, M2 ... aggregate, M3 ... water, S1 ... inside Space, S2 ... Circular space

The mortar or concrete spraying method of the present invention is characterized in that any of the above-mentioned spraying devices (spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 7) is used.
The mortar or concrete spraying method of the invention, aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand) and granulating the solidified material particulate with comparable specific gravity preferably Rukoto using (M1 e.g. granulation cement).
Further mortar or concrete spraying method of the invention, aggregate (M2: fine aggregate such as sand) and granulating the solidified material particulate with a particle size comparable (M1) preferably Rukoto used.

Claims (10)

In a spraying device that sprays mortar containing granulated solidifying material, aggregate, and water from a spray nozzle.
It includes a watering system, a pumping system that pumps a mixed material other than water, and a connecting system that connects the watering system and the pumping system to mix water and a mixed material other than water.
The pumping system consists of a sprayer that pumps a mixed material other than water to the connection system, a measuring device that measures the amount of mixed material discharged from the sprayer, and a predetermined combination with respect to the amount of mixed material discharged from the sprayer. Includes a control device that calculates the amount of water added and the flow rate of water corresponding to the amount of water added.
The watering system is a spraying device including a water pump that pumps water at a flow rate calculated by the control device. The measuring device includes a sprayer weight measuring device for measuring the weight of the spraying machine and a material input amount measuring device for measuring the material input amount to the spraying machine.
The control device subtracts the mixed material input amount measured by the material input amount measuring device from the total weight of the spraying machine measured by the sprayer weight measuring device, and further, an empty state in which the preset mixed material is not charged. The spraying device according to claim 1, which has a function of subtracting the weight of the spraying machine and calculating the reduced amount of raw materials other than the charged water as the discharge amount of the mixed material. Further, in the present invention, the connection system includes a mixing device, and the mixing device includes a mixing and stirring promoting watering device and a kneading promoting tube.
The mixing and stirring accelerating water addition device has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and materials other than water pumped from the pumping system flow through the internal space inward in the radial direction.
A plurality of injection holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the internal space, the injection holes communicate with the water system, and the injection direction of the injection holes is inclined with respect to the virtual line toward the center of the internal space.
2. The spraying device according to any one item. The connection system is equipped with a crushing and kneading device.
The crushing and kneading device is tubular as a whole, and has multiple protrusions on the inner peripheral surface.
The plurality of protrusions are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and are arranged so that the positions in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface are different from those of adjacent protrusions in the longitudinal direction. The spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of regions in which protrusions are arranged on the inner peripheral surface are provided in the longitudinal direction. The connection system is equipped with a crushing and kneading device.
The entire crushing and kneading device is tubular, and has a rotary crushing blade for crushing granulated solidifying material, a driving source for the rotary crushing blade, and a driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the driving force from the driving source. 1. Spraying device. The connection system is equipped with a degassing device.
The entire degassing device is tubular, and there are multiple stages of decompression mechanisms in the longitudinal direction that partially reduce the pressure in the internal space and release it to the outside, and each stage of the decompression mechanism has an inner pipe and an outer pipe. death,
In order to adjust the longitudinal position of the inner pipe with respect to the outer pipe and to adjust the gap between the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner pipe, a male screw is formed at the upstream end of the inner pipe. The spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is screwed with a female screw formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe. The sprayer is equipped with an upper pressure cooker and a lower pressure cooker.
The pressure feeding system includes an air compressor that supplies high-pressure air to the blower, and a pressure storage tank that is interposed in a pipe that connects the air compressor and the blower.
The spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the capacity of the pressure storage tank is ½ or more of the capacity of the lower pressure cooker. A method for spraying mortar or concrete, which comprises using the spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A method for spraying mortar or concrete, which comprises using a granular granulated solidifying material having a specific gravity similar to that of an aggregate. A method for spraying mortar or concrete, which comprises using a granular granulated solidifying material having a particle size similar to that of an aggregate.

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