JP2021170880A - Rotary electric machine and rotary electric machine operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rotary electric machine in which deterioration of the maintainability is prevented, and noise or vibration is suppressed.SOLUTION: A rotary electric machine includes: a main body having a first rotation shaft; a brake mechanism mounted on a second rotation shaft configured to rotate following the rotation of the first rotation shaft, and applying the power for stopping the rotation of the second rotation shaft onto the second rotation shaft; and a magnetic decelerator comprising a first rotor having a first magnetic body and configured to rotate in interlock with the second rotation shaft, and a second rotor having a second magnetic body with a more number of poles than the first magnetic body and configured to transmit the power to the first rotation shaft.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present application relates to a rotary electric machine and a method of operating the rotary electric machine.

As for the brake structure used for stopping the rotary electric machine, there are many structures in which the brake is attached to the rotating output shaft via a coupling. In many brake structures, a solid block is pressed against a plate attached to the output shaft, and the brake structure is stopped by the frictional force generated between the two (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-2017-79535

Conventionally, the structure of the brake in the rotary electric machine has been a structure in which a block is pressed against a plate attached to the rotating shaft as described above to stop the brake.

In a rotary electric machine having such a mechanical type brake, in order to stop the rotation of the rotary electric machine, for example, a disc attached to a rotary shaft common to the plate is pressed against the plate to stop the rotor. Was adopted. For this reason, the plate and the disc may rub against each other, and both the plate and the disc may wear, while the frictional force generated in the brake increases as the rotational force of the rotor of the rotary electric machine increases. , A great deal of power was needed.
Therefore, it is necessary to increase the contact area between the plate, which is a component of the brake, and the disc, which leads to an increase in the size of the brake. In addition, when the frictional force becomes large, the sound or vibration due to contact becomes large, and it may be necessary to limit the usage environment of the product.

The present application discloses a technique for solving the above-mentioned problems, and by reducing the power required to stop the rotation of the rotary electric machine, the brake structure is made smaller and lighter, and the brake life is reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotating electric machine having a long length.

The rotary electric machine disclosed in the present application is
A body with a first axis of rotation,
A brake mechanism that is attached to a second rotating shaft that rotates following the rotation of the first rotating shaft and that loads the power for stopping the rotation of the second rotating shaft onto the second rotating shaft.
It has a first magnetic material, a first rotor that rotates in conjunction with the second rotation axis, and a second magnetic material having more poles than the number of poles of the first magnetic material. A magnetic speed reducer having a second rotor that transmits power to the first rotating shaft,
It is equipped with.

According to the rotary electric machine disclosed in the present application, it is possible to provide a rotary electric machine having a smaller and lighter brake structure and a longer brake life by reducing the power required to stop the rotation of the rotary electric machine. can.

It is a main part perspective view of the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is sectional drawing of the main part orthogonal to the rotation axis of the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the figure when the frame is added to FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the magnetic material of the rotary electric machine shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the brake structure of a rotary electric machine. It is sectional drawing in the axial direction of the brake structure with the magnetic speed reducer of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the magnetic speed reducer of the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is sectional drawing of the main part orthogonal to the rotation axis of the magnetic speed reducer of the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the operation of the magnetic speed reducer of the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the brake unit with the magnetic speed reducer of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the brake unit with the magnetic reduction gear of the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 3. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the detailed structure of the magnetic speed reducer of the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 3. It is a figure for demonstrating three kinds of magnetic pole patterns used in the magnetic speed reducer of Embodiment 3.

Embodiment 1.
The configuration of the rotary electric machine according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the following figures.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the rotary electric machine 1 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part orthogonal to the rotation axis of the rotary electric machine 1. In the present embodiment, a permanent magnet type rotary electric machine having 8 poles and 48 slots will be described, but the number of poles and the number of slots of the rotary electric machine can be increased or decreased as appropriate. Further, there are a centralized winding method in which a magnet wire is wound around a magnetic pole piece and a distributed winding method in which a magnet wire is wound or inserted into a plurality of separated magnetic pole pieces, but it does not matter which method is used.

In FIG. 1, the rotary electric machine 1 is composed of a stator 2, a rotor 3, and a rotary shaft 4. In the stator 2 shown in FIG. 1, a divided core in which each tooth is divided is used, but the number of divided cores is not particularly specified. Further, the core is not limited to the divided core and may be a circular core. Further, it does not matter whether the rotor 3 has a shape using a permanent magnet or a state in which copper or aluminum is cast like an induction machine.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotary electric machines according to the first embodiment are arranged in the order of the stator 2, the rotor 3, and the rotary shaft 4 from the outer diameter side. An air gap 5 which is a gap is provided between the stator 2 and the rotor 3. Further, the stator 2 has a stator core 20 and an armature winding 21. Here, the stator cores 20 are arranged in an annular shape or formed in an annular shape and are laminated in the axial direction.

Further, in the present embodiment, the stator core 20 is laminated by using an electromagnetic steel sheet, but the material used is not limited to the electromagnetic steel sheet. The rotor 3 has a rotor core 30 fixed to a rotating shaft 4 inserted at the axial center position. The rotor core 30 is a permanent magnet type rotor provided inside the stator 2 and provided with a permanent magnet 6.

In the present embodiment, the Interior Permanent Magnet method in which the permanent magnet 6 is embedded in the rotor core 30 is adopted, but the Surface Permanent Magnet method in which the permanent magnet 6 is arranged outside the rotor core 30 is used. You may use it. The rotary shaft 4 is fixed to the rotor core 30 by, for example, shrink fitting or press fitting. Further, the rotary electric machine 1 may be either distributed winding or centralized winding.

Next, the structure of the stator core 20 and the magnetic pole piece of the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The stator core 20 has magnetic pole pieces, and the magnetic pole pieces may be connected or laminated (hereinafter, a collection of the magnetic pole pieces is referred to as a magnetic body 22). Even in the case of an iron core in which the stator core 20 is integrally formed (hereinafter, referred to as an integrated iron core), the integrated iron core is manufactured by being laminated. Further, the magnetic material 22 has a back yoke portion 23 and a tooth tip portion 24 (see FIG. 4A). Further, when the stator is not wound, it is conceivable to arrange the magnet on the inner diameter side of the magnetic material without using the teeth for the magnetic material (see FIG. 4B).

Here, the assembly of the stator core 20 will be described. There are two methods for assembling the stator core 20: a method of welding the divided magnetic pole pieces to form an annular shape, or a method of shrink-fitting the frame 31 on the outer circumference of the magnetic pole pieces or press-fitting to fix the magnetic pole pieces. However, either method may be adopted. Alternatively, it is also possible to press-fit or shrink-fit the frame after welding the magnetic pole pieces to form an annular shape.

In addition to the above, when integrally molding with resin, fixing by caulking is performed on the core before integral molding, but in some cases, fixing between cores may not be performed. The reason for this is that the resin can fix the cores in the stacking direction.

Further, as described above, thin electromagnetic steel plates or the like are laminated with an iron core, but the fixing method between the thin plates may be any method such as fixing by caulking or fixing with an adhesive. Further, the iron core may be integrally molded with resin. Further, when the insulating paper is wound around the slot portion of the stator core 20 to secure the insulation from the armature winding, the core can be fixed by the insulating paper.

Next, the brake structure of a general rotary electric machine will be described with reference to FIG. A plate 14 is attached to the rotating shaft 13 of the main body 10 of the rotating electric machine. When the brake unit 11 is operating, the disc 16 provided in the disc brake 15 is pressed against the plate 14 by the spring pressure of the spring 17, and serves as a brake for the rotary electric machine.

When the rotary electric machine is operating, a current is flowing through the magnet wire wound around the disc brake 15 of the brake unit 11. At that time, the magnetic attraction generated is set to be larger than the spring load. Therefore, the disc 16 that has been in contact with the plate 14 is released by the magnetic attraction force, and the rotor of the main body 10 of the rotary electric machine operates.

As described above, in order to stop the operation of the main body 10 of the rotary electric machine, the disc 16 is pressed against the plate 14 to stop the rotor. Therefore, both the plate 14 and the disc 16 may be worn due to the friction between the plate 14 and the disc 16, while the frictional force of the brake unit 11 is determined by the main body of the rotary electric machine. The greater the rotational force of the 10 rotors, the greater the force required.
Therefore, it is necessary to increase the contact area of the brake unit 11, which leads to an increase in the size of the brake. In addition, when the frictional force becomes large, the sound or vibration due to contact becomes large, and it may be necessary to limit the usage environment of the product.

Therefore, the brake structure of the magnetic speed reducer according to the present embodiment, which does not have to limit the usage environment of the product, will be described below with reference to FIG. A magnetic speed reducer 50 is attached to a rotating shaft 41 (hereinafter, this rotating shaft is also referred to as a first rotating shaft) of the main body 48 of the rotating electric machine via a coupling 52.

Next, the structure of the magnetic speed reducer constituting the brake unit will be described with reference to FIG. 7. A rotor is arranged in the magnetic speed reducer 50, and a low-speed rotor 55 connected to the rotation shaft 41 (first rotation shaft) of the main body 48 of the rotary electric machine (shown in FIG. 6) is located on the outer peripheral side thereof. , Arranged coaxially with this rotor. In this case, since this rotor rotates at a higher speed than the low-speed rotor 55 (hereinafter, also referred to as a second rotor), the rotor is hereinafter referred to as a high-speed rotor 54 in particular. (Hereinafter, this high-speed rotor is also referred to as a first rotor). The stator 56 is coaxially arranged on the outer peripheral side of the low-speed rotor 55, and the stator 56 is coaxially arranged on both the low-speed rotor 55 and the high-speed rotor 54.

A brake unit 49 is directly connected to the magnetic speed reducer 50. A plate 44 is attached to a rotor shaft coaxial with the magnetic speed reducer 50. Since the rotor of the magnetic speed reducer 50 rotates at high speed, a small rotor is used. That is, in the magnetic speed reducer 50, a low-speed rotor 55 directly connected to the main body 48 of the rotary electric machine shown in FIG. 6 is arranged between the high-speed rotor 54 and the stator 56.

As shown in FIG. 8, the low-speed rotor 55 is provided with a magnetic material 57 (for example, made of an electromagnetic steel plate or a dust core; hereinafter, also referred to as a second magnetic material). In this structure, permanent magnets are used for the high-speed rotor 54 and the stator 56 arranged on the inner circumference to generate magnetism. Another purpose of using a permanent magnet is to wind a magnet wire around the iron core of the stator to generate magnetism, but the magnetic speed reducer becomes larger than when a magnet is used. When the brake structure becomes large, the weight of the product itself becomes large, and the added value as a product cannot be obtained. Therefore, a magnet that can be made smaller and lighter is used. The magnetic material 59 used for the high-speed rotor 54 is also referred to as a first magnetic material. It is appropriate to use a soft magnetic material for the magnetic material 57. This is because the soft magnetic material has a feature of high magnetic permeability and low hysteresis characteristic, and this feature can be used. As a typical example of the soft magnetic material, iron, permalloy which is a Ni alloy, or an electromagnetic steel sheet used as a material for an electric motor can be fried.

Here, the principle of deceleration will be briefly described below. The degree of deceleration is determined by two parameters, the number of magnetic poles of the high-speed rotor 54 Nh (positive number) and the number of magnetic poles of the low-speed rotor 55 Nl (positive number), and the reduction ratio G is G = 2Nl / Nh. It is determined. In the magnetic speed reducer 74 shown in FIG. 8, the reduction ratio G is 6 (Nl = 12, Nh = 4). Here, the number of poles of the stator 56 is 28 (= 2 (Nl + Nh / 2)). Nl and Nh are set so that Nl> Nh.

Here, the coefficient of the reduction ratio G will be examined below.
The (rotational) torque Tg when the magnetic speed reducer is started or stopped is expressed by the following equation (1), where the moment of inertia J of the rotor and the angular velocity of the rotor are ω.
Tg = J × dω / dt ・ ・ ・ (1)
Here, assuming that the mass of the rotor is M and the outer diameter is D, the moment of inertia J is expressed by the following equation (2).
^{J ≒ MD 2/8 ··· (} 2)

Further, it is assumed that there is no loss in the transmission of power between the high-speed rotor (first rotor) and the low-speed rotor (second rotor) by the magnetic coupling, and the subscript 1 is used for the first rotor. If the subscript 2 is attached to the second rotor, the equation (1) can be rewritten as the following equation (3).
Tg = J ₁ x (dω / dt) ₁ = J ₂ x (dω / dt) ₂ ... (3)

Further, here, when the rotary electric machine is started or stopped, the change in the rotation speed of the high-speed rotor is considered to be larger than the change in the rotation speed of the low-speed rotor. ) ₁ > (dω / dt) ₂ . From this, J ₁ <J ₂ , but if equation (2) is applied to this and it is assumed that the masses of the high-speed rotor and the low-speed rotor are almost equal (M ₁ ≈ M _{2 ), then D 1} < D ₂ is derived. That is, the outer diameter D ₁ of the high-speed rotor is smaller than _{the outer diameter D 2 of the low-speed rotor.}

Further, consider a case where the low-speed rotor (second rotor) can be assumed to be a thin-walled cylinder instead of a cylinder. _{Let d 2} be the inner diameter of this cylinder. That is, D ₂ ≈ d ₂ (thin wall). In this case, J ₂ is evaluated by the following equation (4).
J ₂ ≒ M ₂ (D ₂ ² + d ₂ ² ) / 8 ... (4)

On the other hand, since the high-speed rotor (first rotor) is a cylinder, J ₁ is evaluated by the following equation (5).
^{_{J 1 ≒ M 1 D 1 2}} /8 ··· (5)
Will be. Again _{, assuming that M 1} ≈ M ₂ and the gap between the two types of rotors is small, J ₁ / J ₂ is evaluated by the following equation (6) _{from D 1} ≈ d _2. Will be done.
J ₁ / J ₂ = D ₁ ² / (D ₂ ² + d ₂ ² ) ≒ d ₂ ² / 2d ₂ ² = 1/2 ... (6)
That is, J ₂ = 2J ₁ holds (this coefficient 2 is reflected in the above reduction ratio G).

As described above, in the magnetic speed reducer that makes the rotating electric machine stationary, magnetic materials are used for the high-speed rotor and low-speed rotor, and the reduction ratio is changed by appropriately setting the number of magnetic poles of each magnetic material. It is possible to do.

Next, the operation of the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view of the magnetic speed reducer and the brake unit of the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the axis of the magnetic speed reducer of the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the rotary electric machine.

First, at the time of driving, the rotating shaft 41 is rotated by applying a voltage to the main body 48 of the rotating electric machine. Further, the low-speed rotor 55 connected to the rotating shaft 41 via a coupling starts rotating by the rotation of the rotating shaft 41 (first rotating shaft). Further, the low-speed rotor 55 is made of a magnetic material 57 having a plurality of magnetic poles (for example, made of an electromagnetic steel plate or a dust core), and the low-speed rotor 55 made of the magnetic material 57. Starts to rotate, and the high-speed rotor 54 of the magnetic speed reducer 50 starts to rotate by electromagnetic force. A gap 58 is provided between the magnetic body 57 and the stator 56 (see FIG. 8 above).

Next, when the rotary electric machine is stopped, as shown in FIG. 7, the low-speed rotor 55 is directly connected to the rotary shaft 41 (see FIG. 6) of the main body 48 of the rotary electric machine. When the brake is operated on the main body 48, the disc 46 is pressed against the plate 44 mounted on the rotating shaft 42 (hereinafter, also referred to as the second rotating shaft) connected to the high-speed rotor 54 of the magnetic speed reducer 50. First, the high-speed rotor 54 is stopped. At this time, as the rotation speed of the high-speed rotor decelerates, the low-speed rotor 55 follows the above-mentioned movement of the high-speed rotor by the electromagnetic force generated by the change of the magnetic poles configured in the high-speed rotor. Stops. As a result, the rotating shaft 41 of the main body 48 of the rotating electric machine connected to the low-speed rotor 55 via the coupling 52 can be stopped, and functions as a brake.
At the time of this stop, the rotating electric machine is substantially stopped by generating a torque in the rotating shaft 41 (first rotating shaft) of the main body 48 of the rotating electric machine in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. It can be said that there is.

As a result, a low-speed rotor that forms a braking structure is provided on the rotating shaft of the rotating electric machine, and it is necessary to design the conventional plate wear by rotating the low-speed rotor in the opposite direction to the rotating electric machine and stopping it. No maintenance is required due to plate wear.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the rotary electric machine, which shows the operation change of the rotary electric machine separately at the time of driving and at the time of stopping. First, when a rotating electric machine (hereinafter referred to as a motor) is driven, when a voltage is applied to the motor (step S1), the motor starts rotating (step S2). In this case, when the rotor of the motor starts to rotate, among the elements constituting the magnetic speed reducer, the low-speed rotor (low-speed rotor) directly connected to the rotor of the motor first rotates (step S3). ), Then, the high-speed rotor (high-speed rotor) rotates in conjunction with this low-speed rotor (step S4).

Next, when the motor is stopped, the disc brake that functions in combination with the plate and the disc, which are the components of the brake unit, operates (step S5), so that the high-speed rotor that is directly connected to the brake unit first operates. It stops (step S6), and then the low-speed motor stops in conjunction with the change in the rotation speed of the high-speed rotor (step S7). Since this low-speed motor is directly connected to the rotor of the motor, the motor stops when the low-speed motor stops (step S8).

By stopping the high-speed rotor portion of the magnetic gear having a small rotational force, the low-speed rotor is stopped and the rotor of the rotary electric machine is stopped. In other words, a low-speed rotor that forms a braking structure is attached to the rotating shaft of the rotating electric machine, and the low-speed rotor stops the low-speed rotor by stopping the high-speed rotor, which in turn stops the rotating electric machine. become.

Since the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment has the above configuration, it is necessary to have a large contact area between the plate 44 and the disc 46 at the time of stopping because the structure is such that the brake is applied by the friction between the plate 44 and the disc 46. It is not necessary to increase the spring load for increasing the property or the frictional force, and the volume required by the brake structure can be reduced.

In particular, since the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment has a brake structure that employs a magnetic speed reducer, the rotational force arranged in the magnetic speed reducer is small (rotational torque is reduced to 1 / G) when the rotary electric machine is stopped. The reduced speed rotor 54 may be stopped. That is, it is possible to stop the rotary electric machine with a smaller rotational force, and the contact area between the plate 44 and the disk 46 or the required spring load can be reduced. Therefore, the brake unit 49 can be miniaturized. Further, since the stator 56 of the magnetic speed reducer 50 is composed of a permanent magnet, the rotor can be stopped without energizing the stator. That is, by attaching the output shaft of the low-speed rotor of the magnetic reducer to the rotating shaft of the rotating electric machine, the brake unit attached to the high-speed motor, which has a small rotational force, is smaller than the conventional structure in which the block is pressed against the plate. This makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of the product.

Embodiment 2.
Next, the rotary electric machine of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 10 shows the rotary electric machine of the second embodiment and its brake structure. In this brake structure, a magnetic speed reducer 74 is attached to the rotor 71 of the hoisting machine 70 together with the brake unit 73 to form a brake for a rotary electric machine. In the following, the parts different from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

The brake structure of this rope hoisting machine is such that the brake is pressed from the outside of the rotor of the rotary electric machine to stop it. In the second embodiment, the magnetic speed reducer 74 is attached to the coaxial rotating shaft of the rotor 71 of the hoisting machine via the coupling 52.

Next, the operation of the brake of the magnetic speed reducer will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 10, when a voltage is applied to the hoisting machine 70, the rotor 71 of the hoisting machine 70 rotates, and the low-speed rotor 75 of the magnetic speed reducer 74 connected to the rotor 71 via the coupling 72. Rotates. According to the deceleration principle of the magnetic speed reducer 50 described in the first embodiment, the high-speed rotor 76 follows the low-speed rotor 75 and rotates. Here, the low-speed rotor 75 and the high-speed rotor 76 correspond to the low-speed rotor 55 and the high-speed rotor 54 of the magnetic speed reducer 50 shown in FIG. 8, respectively.

Since the operating principle of the brake and the brake structure are the same as those in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted here (see the description points of FIGS. 7 and 8 of the first embodiment). Since the hoisting machine can be stopped by stopping the high-speed rotor 76 having a small rotational torque when the rotor is stopped, the brake unit can be miniaturized.

In general, the brake structure of the hoisting machine includes a structure in which the inner diameter side of the rotor is pressed by a spring or the like to apply the brake, and a structure in which the outer peripheral side is pressed, which is a conventional method. , The operating principle of the brake of the rotary electric machine described in the second embodiment, and the brake structure are applicable.

As described above, the brake structure of the hoisting machine may be pressed from the outer diameter side of the rotor to stop the movement of the rotary electric machine, or may be pressed from the inner diameter side of the rotor. In both brake structures, the rotor is stationary or decelerated by the frictional force generated between the brake and the rotor, but when manufacturing the brake for the hoist, the frictional force is as constant as possible. Need to be. Therefore, in general, precise component accuracy and assembly accuracy may be required for fine adjustment of the surface roughness of the brake pressing surface. Therefore, it usually takes a lot of time to assemble the brake.

On the other hand, in the brake structure of the present embodiment, the rotor of the hoisting machine can be stopped by stopping the high-speed rotor of the magnetic speed reducer attached to the rotor of the hoisting machine. Therefore, in order to increase the braking force, it is sufficient to increase the pressing force between the plate and the disc used for the brake, and the time required for assembly can be shortened.

As described above, conventionally, the surface roughness of the contact surface is important for the brake used in the hoisting machine, and a lot of man-hours are required to adjust the surface roughness or the frictional force. According to the brake structure of the present embodiment, by using a magnetic speed reducer, it is possible to configure the brake only by attaching it to the rotor, and it is possible to reduce the assembly process and the processing cost.

Embodiment 3.
Next, the rotary electric machine according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13. Here, the rotary electric machine will be described in detail below only in a portion different from the rotary electric machine according to the first and second embodiments.

The brake structure of the rotary electric machine according to the third embodiment is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. This structure is a structure in which the axial magnetic speed reducer 80 is attached to the rotating shaft 41 of the main body 78 of the rotating electric machine (see FIG. 11). Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the axial magnetic speed reducer 80 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the stator 83, the low-speed rotor 82, and the high-speed rotor 81 are incorporated in this order in the axial direction. In the axial magnetic speed reducer 80, the low-speed rotor 82 is coaxially and directly connected to the rotating shaft 42a of the rotating electric machine (hereinafter, also referred to as a second rotating shaft like the rotating shaft 42). The method of fixing the low-speed rotor 82 to the rotating shaft 42a may be any means such as shrink fitting or press-fitting. Further, the assembly order in the axial direction may be reversed for the low speed rotor 82 and the high speed rotor 81.

Here, the magnetic pole structures of the stator 83, the low-speed rotor 82, and the high-speed rotor 81 described above will be described with reference to FIG. The magnetic pole structure of the stator 83 is shown in FIG. 13 (a), the magnetic pole structure of the low speed rotor 82 is shown in FIG. 13 (b), and the magnetic pole structure of the high speed rotor 81 is shown in 13 (c). As shown in FIG. 13, these three components have three types of magnetic pole patterns that are different from each other. The stator 83 has a magnetic pole composed of a permanent magnet 6a, and the magnetic poles of the low-speed rotor 82 and the high-speed rotor 81 are magnetic bodies 22a (also a second magnetic body) composed of a plurality of magnetic pole pieces, respectively. It is composed of a magnetic material 22b (also called a first magnetic material). In this case, the number of magnetic poles of the high-speed rotor 81 is set to be equal to or less than the number of magnetic poles of the low-speed rotor 82. The white and black magnetic pole patterns indicate that adjacent magnetic poles have different properties from each other.

The stator 83 is assembled via a rotating shaft 42a (second rotating shaft) and a bearing 85. Further, the outer peripheral side of the stator 83 is fixed in contact with the frame 86. As for the fixing method between the stator and the frame, there are a press-fitting method, a shrink fitting method, or an adhesive method, and any method can be used.

The high-speed rotor is assembled between the rotating shaft 42a and the frame 86 via bearings. In this assembly, the reason why the high-speed rotor 81 is not fixed to the frame but is via a bearing is that the rotation speed of the high-speed rotor 81 is different from that of the frame 86 which is fixed to the axis of the low-speed rotor 82. This is because there is a speed difference (at the outer peripheral portion of the high-speed rotor).

Next, the operation of the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 11, when the rotating shaft 41 of the main body 78 of the rotary electric machine rotates, the low-speed rotor 82 of the axial magnetic speed reducer 80 follows and rotates. As will be described later, when the low-speed rotor 82 rotates due to the difference in magnetic structure between the low-speed rotor 82 and the high-speed rotor 81, the high-speed rotor 81 rotates following the rotation of the low-speed rotor 82. start. On the contrary, by stopping the rotation of the high-speed rotor 81, the low-speed rotor 82 follows the movement and stops the rotation. As a result, the brake is applied to the rotating shaft 41 of the main body 78 of the rotating electric machine connected to the low-speed rotor 82 via the coupling 72.

Next, a method of adding a brake to the high-speed rotor 81 will be described below. In this method, similarly to the braking mechanism of the rotary electric machine of the first embodiment described above, the disc 46, which is one of the components of the disc brake 45, is pressed against the high-speed rotor 81 of the axial magnetic speed reducer 80 to act as a brake. (See FIG. 12). This braking action is generated by pressing the disc 46 with the repulsive force of the spring 47, which is another component of the disc brake 45. Further, when it is desired to release the brake and operate the rotor of the rotary electric machine, a voltage may be applied to the electromagnetic coil 87 mounted on the disc to suppress the repulsive force of the spring.

As described above, the brake structure of the rotary electric machine of the present embodiment employs the axial magnetic speed reducer 80, so that the rotational force of the high-speed rotor 81 can be reduced. Therefore, the disc 46 or the spring 47 for stopping the high-speed rotor 81 can be made smaller and lighter.

Further, as the brake unit, only the above-mentioned disc brake 45 needs to be provided, and the plate as described in the first embodiment may not be required, so that the size of the brake unit as a whole can be reduced. Become. Further, since the high-speed rotor can be stopped with a small torque, the surface area of the high-speed rotor 81 and the disk 46 can be reduced to reduce the frictional force, so that the assembly can be performed with an inexpensive material.

Although the present application describes various exemplary embodiments and examples, the various features, embodiments, and functions described in one or more embodiments are applications of a particular embodiment. It is not limited to, but can be applied to embodiments alone or in various combinations.
Therefore, innumerable variations not illustrated are envisioned within the scope of the techniques disclosed herein. For example, it is assumed that at least one component is modified, added or omitted, and further, at least one component is extracted and combined with the components of other embodiments.

1 Rotor, 2, 83 Stator, 3 Rotor, 4, 13, 41, 42, 42a Rotor shaft, 5 Air gap, 6, 6a Permanent magnet, 10, 48, 78 Rotor body, 11, 49, 73 Brake unit, 14,44 plate, 15,45 disc brake, 16,46 disc, 17,47 spring, 20 stator core, 21 armor winding, 22 magnetic material, 22a, 57 magnetic material (second magnetism) Body), 22b, 59 Magnetic material (first magnetic material), 23 back yoke part, 24 teeth tip part, 30 rotor core, 31 frame, 50, 74 magnetic speed reducer, 52, 72 coupling, 54, 76 , 81 high speed rotor, 55, 75, 82 low speed rotor, 56 stator, 70 hoist, 71 rotor, 74 magnetic speed reducer, 80 axial magnetic speed reducer, 81 high speed rotor, 82 low speed rotor, 85 bearings, 86 frames, 87 electromagnetic coils

Claims (9)

A body with a first axis of rotation,
A brake mechanism that is attached to a second rotating shaft that rotates following the rotation of the first rotating shaft and that loads the power for stopping the rotation of the second rotating shaft onto the second rotating shaft.
It has a first magnetic material, a first rotor that rotates in conjunction with the second rotation axis, and a second magnetic material having more poles than the number of poles of the first magnetic material. A magnetic speed reducer having a second rotor that transmits power to the first rotating shaft,
A rotating electric machine characterized by being equipped with. The magnetic reducer has a stator with a permanent magnet and
The rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the brake mechanism has a plate and a disc brake that come into contact with each other by the elastic force of a spring to stop the rotation of the first rotor. The rotary electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power for stopping the rotation of the first rotor is a rotational torque applied to the first rotor. The second rotary shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second rotary shaft is a common rotary shaft of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the brake mechanism. Rotating electric machine. The rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second magnetic material is made of a soft magnetic material. The first rotor is attached to the second rotating shaft via a bearing fixedly attached to the second rotating shaft, and the second rotor is the second rotating shaft. The rotary electric machine according to claim 4, wherein the rotary electric machine is attached to a shaft. A body with a first axis of rotation,
A brake mechanism that is attached to a second rotating shaft that rotates following the rotation of the first rotating shaft and loads the power for stopping the rotation of the second rotating shaft on the second rotating shaft.
A first rotor having a first magnetic material and rotating in conjunction with the second rotation axis,
A second rotor having a second magnetic material having a larger number of poles than the first magnetic material and transmitting power to the first rotating shaft, and a second rotor.
Magnetic reducer,
It is a method of operating a rotary electric machine equipped with
The first rotor may be started by starting the first rotating shaft and rotating the second rotor in conjunction with the rotation of the first rotating shaft.
or,
The rotating electric machine is stopped by applying a brake torque to the second rotating shaft by the braking mechanism to stop the rotation of the first rotor and decelerating and stopping the rotation of the second rotor. A method of operating a rotary electric machine, which is characterized in that the rotating electric machine is operated. The method for operating a rotary electric machine according to claim 7, wherein the rotation speed of the first rotor is made higher than the rotation speed of the second rotor when the rotary electric machine is started or stopped. 7. 8. The method of operating a rotary electric machine according to 8.

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