JP2021165220A - Manufacturing method of light-weight cellular concrete - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of light-weight cellular concrete Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- MKTRXTLKNXLULX-UHFFFAOYSA-P pentacalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydron;tetrahydrate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].O.O.O.O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O MKTRXTLKNXLULX-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
本発明は、建築物の壁、屋根、床などに使用される軽量気泡コンクリートの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing lightweight cellular concrete used for walls, roofs, floors, etc. of buildings.
ＡＬＣ（Ａｕｔｏｃｌａｖｅｄ Ｌｉｇｈｔｗｅｉｇｈｔ ａｅｒａｔｅｄ Ｃｏｎｃｒｅｔｅ）とも称される軽量気泡コンクリートは、内部に気泡や細孔を含むため、絶乾かさ比重０.５程度と非常に軽量でありながら比較的高い強度を有しており、建築物の壁、屋根、床などの建築部材として広く利用されている。上記のＡＬＣの優れた特性は、その製造段階において原料をオートクレーブに装入して高温高圧条件下で水蒸気養生することで発現しており、具体的には該水蒸気養生過程において、珪酸を高品位で含む珪石等の珪酸質原料とセメントや生石灰等の石灰質原料とから、珪酸カルシウム水和物のトバモライトからなる高強度の多孔質材料が生成される。 Lightweight aerated concrete, also known as ALC (Autoclaved Lightweight aerated Concrete), contains air bubbles and pores inside, so it is extremely lightweight with an absolute dryness specific gravity of about 0.5, but has relatively high strength. It is widely used as a building member for walls, roofs, floors, etc. of buildings. The above-mentioned excellent characteristics of ALC are exhibited by charging the raw material into an autoclave at the manufacturing stage and steam curing under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Specifically, in the steam curing process, silicic acid is of high quality. A high-strength porous material made of tovamorite, which is a calcium silicate hydrate, is produced from a siliceous raw material such as silica stone contained in the above and a calcareous raw material such as cement and fresh lime.
ところで、ＡＬＣ向け原料珪石は鉱床の枯渇等により、全国的に資源枯渇が進んでいるうえ、環境問題に対する関心の高さも相まって、近年は採取が除々に規制される傾向にある。その対策として、再生原料や産業副産物の使用が積極的に研究されており、珪石の代替品の候補としてタイルセルベンが適していることが報告されている。タイルセルべンは、ガラス、陶器製品、磁器製品、碍子などの陶磁器製品を粉砕した形態のセラミックス系リサイクル原料であり、珪酸質を主成分としている。例えば特許文献１には、珪酸質原料のうち５〜２０％をタイルセルベンで代替したＡＬＣの製造方法が開示されており、ＡＬＣの圧縮強度を保持したまま珪酸質原料の使用量を削減できると記載されている。また、特許文献２には、窯業製品を製造する際の非可塑性原料にガラス質廃棄物であるタイルセルベンを配合する技術が開示されている。 By the way, the raw material silica stone for ALC is depleted nationwide due to the depletion of ore deposits, and the collection of silica stone is gradually regulated in recent years due to the high level of interest in environmental problems. As a countermeasure, the use of recycled raw materials and industrial by-products is being actively studied, and it has been reported that tile selben is suitable as a candidate for a substitute for silica stone. Tile selben is a ceramic-based recycled raw material in the form of crushed ceramic products such as glass, ceramic products, porcelain products, and insulators, and contains silicic acid as a main component. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing ALC in which 5 to 20% of silicic acid raw materials are replaced with tile selben, and describes that the amount of silicic acid raw materials used can be reduced while maintaining the compressive strength of ALC. Has been done. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of blending tile selben, which is a vitreous waste, with a non-plastic raw material for producing a ceramic product.
近年、建築部材にはより耐熱性に優れた部材が求められており、ＡＬＣパネルにおいても耐熱性に優れたものに対する需要が高まっている。このような状況のもと、本発明者らはタイルセルベンがトバモライト結晶性に優れている点に着目し、タイルセルベンをＡＬＣの原料に配合することでＡＬＣの諸物性が向上する可能性があると考え、珪酸質原料の一部をタイルセルベンで代替した原料を用いてＡＬＣを製造したところ、ＡＬＣの乾燥収縮率を小さくしてひび割れを生じにくくできることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 In recent years, there has been a demand for building members having more excellent heat resistance, and there is an increasing demand for ALC panels having excellent heat resistance. Under such circumstances, the present inventors have focused on the fact that tile selben is excellent in tovamorite crystallinity, and considered that there is a possibility that various physical properties of ALC may be improved by blending tile selben with the raw material of ALC. When ALC was produced using a raw material in which a part of the siliceous raw material was replaced with tile selben, it was found that the drying shrinkage rate of ALC could be reduced to prevent cracking, and the present invention was completed.
すなわち、本発明に係る軽量気泡コンクリートの製造方法は、珪酸質原料、石灰質原料、及びタイルセルベンを配合して得た固体原料に水及びアルミニウム粉末を添加して半硬化体を生成した後、該半硬化体を高温高圧下で水蒸気養生することで軽量気泡コンクリートを製造する方法であって、前記珪酸質原料及び前記タイルセルベンの合計１００質量部のうち該タイルセルベンが２０〜６０質量部を占めるように前記配合を行うことを特徴としている。 That is, in the method for producing lightweight cellular concrete according to the present invention, water and aluminum powder are added to a solid raw material obtained by blending a siliceous raw material, a calcareous raw material, and tile selben to produce a semi-cured product, and then the semi-cured material is produced. A method for producing lightweight cellular concrete by steam curing a cured product under high temperature and high pressure, wherein the tile selben occupies 20 to 60 parts by mass in a total of 100 parts by mass of the siliceous raw material and the tile cerben. It is characterized by blending.
本発明によれば、乾燥収縮率を抑えたＡＬＣを提供することが可能になる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an ALC having a suppressed drying shrinkage rate.
以下、本発明の軽量気泡コンクリート（以下、ＡＬＣとも称する）の製造方法の実施形態について説明する。この本発明の実施形態のＡＬＣの製造方法は、先ず、主原料としての珪酸質原料粉末及び石灰質原料粉末と、副原料としてのタイルセルベンとを配合して得た固体原料に対して、水及び金属アルミニウム粉末を添加してスラリーを調製し、得られたスラリーを型枠に流し込んで発泡及び硬化させて半硬化体を生成する硬化工程と、該半硬化体をオートクレーブに装入して高温高圧下で水蒸気養生することでＡＬＣを生成する養生工程とからなる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the method for producing lightweight cellular concrete (hereinafter, also referred to as ALC) of the present invention will be described. In the method for producing ALC according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, water and a metal are added to a solid raw material obtained by blending siliceous raw material powder and calcareous raw material powder as main raw materials and tile selben as an auxiliary raw material. A curing step of adding aluminum powder to prepare a slurry, pouring the obtained slurry into a mold, foaming and curing to produce a semi-cured product, and charging the semi-cured product into an autoclave under high temperature and high pressure. It consists of a curing process that produces ALC by steam curing in.
上記の各工程について具体的に説明すると、硬化工程においては、いずれも粉末状の主原料である珪酸質原料及び石灰質原料と、粉末状の副原料であるタイルセルベンとを配合して固体原料を得た後、この固体原料に水及びアルミニウム粉末を加えてスラリーを調製する。上記の珪酸質原料粉末には、例えば、珪石、珪砂、ケイ藻土、チャートなどを用いることができる。一方、石灰質原料粉末には、ポルトランドセメントなどのセメント、生石灰、及び消石灰のうちの１種類以上を用いることができる。 Specifically, each of the above steps will be described in detail. In the curing step, a solid raw material is obtained by blending a powdery main raw material, a siliceous raw material and a calcareous raw material, and a powdery auxiliary raw material, tile cerben. After that, water and aluminum powder are added to this solid raw material to prepare a slurry. As the siliceous raw material powder, for example, silica stone, silica sand, diatomaceous earth, chert and the like can be used. On the other hand, as the calcareous raw material powder, one or more of cement such as Portland cement, quicklime, and slaked lime can be used.
上記固体原料の配合の際、珪酸質原料及びタイルセルベンの合計１００質量部のうち、該タイルセルベンが２０〜６０質量部を占めるように配合する。これにより、最終的に生成されるＡＬＣの乾燥収縮率を顕著に小さくすることができる。上記の珪酸質原料の一部を代替するタイルセルベンは、ＳｉＯ２の含有率が７０質量％以上であるのが好ましい。これにより、タイルセルベンを用いることによる乾燥収縮率の低減の効果をより確実に得ることができる。 When blending the solid raw material, the tile selben occupies 20 to 60 parts by mass in a total of 100 parts by mass of the siliceous raw material and the tile selben. As a result, the drying shrinkage rate of the finally produced ALC can be significantly reduced. The tile selben that substitutes for a part of the siliceous raw material preferably has a SiO 2 content of 70% by mass or more. As a result, the effect of reducing the drying shrinkage rate by using tile selben can be obtained more reliably.
上記の固形原料の配合では、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２のモル比（単にＣａ／Ｓｉ比とも称する）が０.３〜０.７程度の範囲内となるように石灰質原料を調整するのが好ましい。その理由は、トバモライトは化学式が５ＣａＯ・６ＳｉＯ２・５Ｈ２Ｏであり、Ｃａ／Ｓｉ比の理論値は５／６＝０.８３であるが、ＡＬＣの工業生産では、オートクレーブ養生に要する時間を短縮するため、一般的に石灰質原料を上記理論値から求まる量よりも少なめに配合することが好ましいからである。 In the above-mentioned compounding of the solid raw material, it is preferable to adjust the calcareous raw material so that the molar ratio of CaO / SiO 2 (also simply referred to as the Ca / Si ratio) is in the range of about 0.3 to 0.7. The reason is that tobermorite is a chemical formula 5CaO · 6SiO 2 · 5H 2 O , theoretical values of the Ca / Si ratio is a 5/6 = 0.83, in the industrial production of ALC, the time required for autoclave curing This is because it is generally preferable to add a calcareous raw material in a smaller amount than the amount obtained from the above theoretical value in order to shorten the time.
上記のように、石灰質原料を少なめに配合することにより、トバモライトの生成に寄与しなかった未反応分の珪酸質原料やタイルセルベンをＡＬＣマトリックス中にそのまま残存させることができるので、それによる骨材としての効果によって強度をより一層高めることも可能になる。なお、アルミニウム粉末は、上記珪酸質原料及びタイルセルベンの合計１００質量部に対して０.０００７３〜０.０００７７質量部の割合で配合するのが好ましい。また、上記のスラリーには、更に石膏や繊維質物質を添加してもよい。上記のスラリーの調製後は、該スラリーを型枠に流し込んで発泡及び硬化させることで半硬化体が得られる。 As described above, by blending a small amount of calcareous raw material, the unreacted siliceous raw material and tileselben that did not contribute to the formation of tovamorite can be left as they are in the ALC matrix, so that they can be used as aggregates. It is also possible to further increase the strength by the effect of. The aluminum powder is preferably blended in a ratio of 0.0073 to 0.00707 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total of the siliceous raw material and tile selben. Further, gypsum or a fibrous substance may be further added to the above slurry. After the above slurry is prepared, the slurry is poured into a mold to be foamed and cured to obtain a semi-cured product.
次に、養生工程において、上記硬化工程で得た半硬化体に対して、ピアノ線等で例えばパネル状に切断してからオートクレーブに装入し、該オートクレーブ内を好適には１６０〜２６０℃の飽和水蒸気雰囲気に保つことで高温高圧下での水蒸気養生（水熱養生とも称する）を行う。これにより、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物のトバモライトが生成し、軽量気泡コンクリートパネルが得られる。次に、実施例を挙げて本発明をより詳細に説明する。 Next, in the curing step, the semi-cured product obtained in the curing step is cut into a panel, for example, with a piano wire or the like, and then charged into an autoclave, and the temperature inside the autoclave is preferably 160 to 260 ° C. By maintaining a saturated steam atmosphere, steam curing (also called hydrothermal curing) is performed under high temperature and high pressure. This produces calcium silicate hydrate tovamorite, resulting in a lightweight cellular concrete panel. Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
先ず、ＡＬＣのトバモライト面のピーク強度と乾燥収縮率との関係を示す検量線を作成するため、ロットの異なる６種類の珪石を用意し、それら珪石の各々に、珪石１００質量部に対して、早強ポルトランドセメントを６９.９質量部、生石灰を９.７質量部、及び石膏を１４.６質量部の配合割合で添加した。得られた６種類の固体原料の各々の１００重量部に対して水５５重量部を添加し、更に全ての固体原料に同じ量のアルミニウム粉末及び気泡安定剤として界面活性剤を添加した後、混練することでスラリーを調製した。 First, in order to create a calibration line showing the relationship between the peak intensity of the Tobamolite surface of ALC and the drying shrinkage rate, 6 types of silica stones of different lots were prepared, and for each of these silica stones, with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica stone, 69.9 parts by mass of early-strength Portland cement, 9.7 parts by mass of quicklime, and 14.6 parts by mass of gypsum were added. 55 parts by weight of water was added to 100 parts by weight of each of the obtained 6 types of solid raw materials, and the same amount of aluminum powder and a surfactant as a bubble stabilizer were added to all the solid raw materials and then kneaded. To prepare a slurry.
得られた６種類のスラリーの各々を鋼製型枠（１８０ｍｍ×１３０ｍｍ×２１０ｍｍ）に流し込み、保温状態にして４時間静置させた。これにより、アルミニウム粉末の反応による膨張と、石灰質原料の水和反応による凝固とを生じさせて半硬化状態にした。得られた半硬化体を型枠から脱型してオートクレーブに装入し、１８０℃、１０気圧の飽和水蒸気雰囲気からなる高温高圧条件下で６時間かけて水蒸気養生を施した。 Each of the obtained 6 types of slurries was poured into a steel mold (180 mm × 130 mm × 210 mm), kept warm and allowed to stand for 4 hours. As a result, expansion due to the reaction of the aluminum powder and solidification due to the hydration reaction of the calcareous raw material were caused to bring about a semi-cured state. The obtained semi-cured product was removed from the mold and charged into an autoclave, and steam-cured for 6 hours under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions consisting of a saturated steam atmosphere at 180 ° C. and 10 atm.
上記にて生成した６種類のＡＬＣブロックの各々に対して、アルミニウム粉末の発泡方向（鉛直方向）の中央部からＪＩＳ Ａ１１３２（コンクリート強度試験用供試体の作り方）に従って４０ｍｍ×４０ｍｍ×１６０ｍｍの角柱状の立方体をその長さ方向（長手方向）が発泡方向に対して垂直になるように切り出し、その長さ方向の両端中央部に真鍮製のピンを取り付けた。このようにして作製した試験体に対して、ＪＩＳ Ａ５４１６に準拠して乾燥収縮率を測定した。 For each of the 6 types of ALC blocks generated above, a 40 mm × 40 mm × 160 mm prismatic column from the center of the aluminum powder in the foaming direction (vertical direction) according to JIS A1132 (how to make a specimen for concrete strength test). The cube was cut out so that its length direction (longitudinal direction) was perpendicular to the foaming direction, and brass pins were attached to the central portions of both ends in the length direction. The dry shrinkage rate of the test body thus prepared was measured according to JIS A5416.
更に、上記にて切り出した残部から取り出した一部を乳鉢を用いて１５０μｍ以下に粉砕し、Ｘ線粉末回折法ＸＲＤによる分析を行った。ＸＲＤ装置には株式会社リガク製のＭｉｎｉ ＦｌｅｘII（ＣｕＫα線）を用い、測定条件は３０ｋＶ、１５ａ、２０℃／ｍｉｎとした。得られた回折パターンのうち、トバモライト（００２）面を示す回折角度（２θ＝７.８°）におけるピーク強度ｃｐｓ（ｃｏｕｎｔｓ ｐｅｒ ｓｅｃｏｎｄ）を測定した。 Further, a part taken out from the rest cut out above was pulverized to 150 μm or less using a mortar, and analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction method XRD. A Mini FlexII (CuKα ray) manufactured by Rigaku Co., Ltd. was used as the XRD apparatus, and the measurement conditions were 30 kV, 15a, and 20 ° C./min. Among the obtained diffraction patterns, the peak intensity cps (counts per second) at the diffraction angle (2θ = 7.8 °) indicating the tobamolite (002) plane was measured.
このようにして測定した６種類のＡＬＣブロックのトバモライト面のピーク強度（トバモライトピーク）と乾燥収縮率との関係をプロットしたグラフを図１に示す。この図１から、トバモライト面のピーク強度と乾燥収縮率とは強い負の相関関係があることが分かる。そこで、これらプロットした点群から最小二乗法による近似直線を求め、図１の実線で示すように検量線を作成した。 FIG. 1 shows a graph plotting the relationship between the peak intensity (tobamolite peak) of the tobamolite surface of the six types of ALC blocks measured in this way and the drying shrinkage rate. From FIG. 1, it can be seen that there is a strong negative correlation between the peak intensity of the tobamolite surface and the drying shrinkage rate. Therefore, an approximate straight line by the least squares method was obtained from these plotted point clouds, and a calibration curve was created as shown by the solid line in FIG.
次に、上記の検量線の作成用として用いた６種類の珪石のうちの１種類のみを用い、その一部をタイルセルベンに代替させた以外は上記と同様の配合割合で試料１〜８のスラリーを調製した。具体的には、珪石の配合量をＡ［ｇ］、タイルセルベン配合量をＢ［ｇ］としたとき、Ｂ／(Ａ＋Ｂ)×１００で表される代替率を、試料１は０％（すなわち、タイルセルベンの添加量はゼロ）、試料２は１０％、試料３は２０％、試料４は３０％、試料５は４０％、試料６は５０％、試料７は６０％、試料８は７０％とした。そして、上記の検量線の作成用のＡＬＣブロックの場合と同じ配合割合で、早強ポルトランドセメント、生石灰、石膏、水、アルミニウム粉末及び界面活性剤を添加した。なお、使用したタイルセルベンのブレーン空気透過法による比表面積、及び蛍光エックス線分析法による質量基準の酸化物の割合を下記表１に示す。 Next, the slurry of Samples 1 to 8 was used in the same blending ratio as above except that only one of the six types of silica stone used for preparing the above calibration curve was used and a part of the silica stone was replaced with tile selben. Was prepared. Specifically, when the blending amount of siliceous stone is A [g] and the blending amount of tileselben is B [g], the substitution rate represented by B / (A + B) × 100 is 0% (that is, that is, sample 1). The amount of tile selben added is zero), sample 2 is 10%, sample 3 is 20%, sample 4 is 30%, sample 5 is 40%, sample 6 is 50%, sample 7 is 60%, and sample 8 is 70%. bottom. Then, early-strength Portland cement, quicklime, gypsum, water, aluminum powder and a surfactant were added in the same blending ratio as in the case of the ALC block for preparing the calibration curve described above. Table 1 below shows the specific surface area of the tile selben used by the brain air permeation method and the mass-based oxide ratio by the fluorescence X-ray analysis method.
得られた試料１〜８のスラリーの各々を容量１００ｃｃのマイクロボンベに装入し、上記の検量線の作成用のＡＬＣブロックの場合と同じ反応条件でＡＬＣ試験片を生成した。このようにして生成した試料１〜８のＡＬＣ試験片のトバモライト面のピーク強度（２θ＝７.８°）を上記と同様にＸＲＤにより測定した。上記試料１〜８の各々の固体原料Ｓの配合量、スラリー配合量、固体原料Ｓに対する水Ｗの質量比（Ｗ／Ｓ）、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２のモル比、代替率を下記表２に示す。また、ＸＲＤにより測定したトバモライト面のピーク強度、並びに該ピーク強度の値を図１の検量線に照合することで求めた乾燥収縮率及びそれらの試料１に対する向上割合を下記表３に示す。 Each of the obtained slurries of Samples 1 to 8 was charged into a micro cylinder having a capacity of 100 cc, and an ALC test piece was produced under the same reaction conditions as in the case of the ALC block for preparing the calibration curve described above. The peak intensity (2θ = 7.8 °) of the tovamorite surface of the ALC test pieces of the samples 1 to 8 thus produced was measured by XRD in the same manner as described above. Table 2 below shows the blending amount of each solid raw material S, the slurry blending amount, the mass ratio of water W to the solid raw material S (W / S), the molar ratio of CaO / SiO 2 , and the substitution rate of each of the samples 1 to 8. .. Further, the peak intensity of the tovamorite surface measured by XRD, the drying shrinkage rate obtained by collating the value of the peak intensity with the calibration curve of FIG. 1, and the improvement rate of them with respect to the sample 1 are shown in Table 3 below.
上記表３に示すように、基準となる試料１の乾燥収縮率は０.０３９％であるのに対して、試料２の乾燥収縮率は０.０３４％であるので、(０.０３４−０.０３９)／０.０３９×１００の計算により、試料２は試料１に比べて乾燥収縮率が１２.８％向上していることが分かる。同様に試料３は６１.５％向上しており、試料４は８７.２％向上しており、試料５は８９.７％向上しており、試料６は７１.８％向上しており、試料７は６１.５％向上しており、試料８は１７.９％向上している。よって、珪酸質原料の一部をタイルセルベンで代替することで、代替しない場合に比べてより乾燥収縮率が低下することが分かる。特に代替率を２０〜６０％の範囲内に収めることで乾燥収縮率が顕著に低下することが分かる。 As shown in Table 3 above, the dry shrinkage rate of the reference sample 1 is 0.039%, whereas the dry shrinkage rate of the sample 2 is 0.034%, so (0.034-0). From the calculation of .039) / 0.039 × 100, it can be seen that the drying shrinkage rate of Sample 2 is improved by 12.8% as compared with that of Sample 1. Similarly, sample 3 is improved by 61.5%, sample 4 is improved by 87.2%, sample 5 is improved by 89.7%, sample 6 is improved by 71.8%, and so on. Sample 7 is improved by 61.5% and Sample 8 is improved by 17.9%. Therefore, it can be seen that by substituting a part of the siliceous raw material with tileselben, the drying shrinkage rate is further lowered as compared with the case where it is not replaced. In particular, it can be seen that the drying shrinkage rate is significantly reduced by keeping the substitution rate within the range of 20 to 60%.
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