JP2021147831A

JP2021147831A - Superstructure support structure

Info

Publication number: JP2021147831A
Application number: JP2020047429A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 啓祥田; qi xiang Tian; 徳民馮; Demin Feng; 太郎中川; Taro Nakagawa
Original assignee: Fujita Corp
Current assignee: Fujita Corp
Priority date: 2020-03-18
Filing date: 2020-03-18
Publication date: 2021-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-18
Also published as: JP7386734B2

Abstract

To provide a superstructure support structure that prevents excessive uplift and damage of a superstructure during earthquake and reduces an impact occurring when the uplifted superstructure drops.SOLUTION: A superstructure support structure 10A supports a superstructure 12 through a pile 18 having a space part 24 that opens upward on a pile head 2202. A resistance mechanism 20A to generate resistance to uplift of the superstructure 12 while allowing the uplift and generate resistance to drop when the superstructure 12 drops after uplifting while allowing the drop is provided across the superstructure 12 and the space part 24. The resistance mechanism 20A comprises: a rod 30 that protrudes downward from an undersurface 1402 of the superstructure 12 and is inserted in the space part 24; and a friction member 32, which is pressed against an inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18 that is attached to a lower part of the rod 30 to form the space part 24.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、上部構造物の支持構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a support structure for a superstructure.

地盤に打設された杭によって建物（上部構造物）を支持する構造として、上端に上方に開放された空間部を有する杭と、建物の下面に取着されその下部が空間部にはめ込まれる截頭円錐形の杭頭キャップとを備え、杭頭キャップの下部に抜け止め部材を垂下させたものが提案されている（特許文献１参照）。
上記構造では、地震発生時に建物および杭頭キャップが杭に対して傾動することで杭頭に作用するモーメントが低減される。 As a structure to support the building (superstructure) by the piles cast on the ground, a pile having a space part open upward at the upper end and a pile attached to the lower surface of the building and the lower part is fitted into the space part. It has been proposed that a pile head cap having a conical head is provided and a retaining member is hung below the pile head cap (see Patent Document 1).
In the above structure, the moment acting on the pile head is reduced by tilting the building and the pile head cap with respect to the pile when an earthquake occurs.

特許第４８６３９８２号公報Japanese Patent No. 48632982

しかしながら、上記従来技術では、地震や台風あるいは津波などの災害により水平方向の力が建物に作用して建物が浮き上がるロッキングと呼ばれる現象が生じた場合、建物の浮き上がり量が過大となり建物が損傷することが懸念され、また、建物の浮き上がり後の降下により、杭頭キャップが杭の上部に勢いよくぶつかることで発生した衝撃力が建物に加わり建物が損傷することが懸念される。
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、地震時の建物の柱の過大な浮き上がりや損傷を抑制し、かつ、浮き上がった上部構造物が降下する際の衝撃を緩和する上で有利な上部構造物の支持構造を提供することを目的とする。 However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique, when a horizontal force acts on a building due to a disaster such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a tsunami and a phenomenon called locking in which the building is lifted occurs, the amount of lifting of the building becomes excessive and the building is damaged. In addition, there is a concern that the impact force generated by the pile head cap hitting the upper part of the pile vigorously due to the descent after the building is lifted will be applied to the building and the building will be damaged.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in addition, it suppresses excessive lifting and damage of the pillars of the building at the time of an earthquake, and also reduces the impact when the raised superstructure descends. It is an object of the present invention to provide an advantageous support structure for a superstructure.

上述した目的を達成するため本発明は、杭頭に上方に開放された空間部を有する杭を介して上部構造物を支持する上部構造物の支持構造であって、前記上部構造物と前記空間部とにわたり、前記上部構造物の浮き上がりに対して浮き上がりを許容しつつ抵抗を生じ、かつ、前記上部構造物の浮き上がり後の降下時に降下に対して降下を許容しつつ抵抗を生じる抵抗機構が設けられていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記抵抗機構は、前記上部構造物の下面から下方に突設され前記空間部に挿入されるロッドと、前記ロッドの下部に取着され前記空間部を構成する前記杭の内周面に圧接する摩擦部材と、を含んで構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記摩擦部材が圧接する前記内周面の箇所は、加工または表面処理が施されることで他の内周面の箇所に比べ前記摩擦部材に対する摩擦係数が大きい圧接用内周面として形成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記摩擦部材が圧接する前記内周面の箇所は、前記杭を構成する部材とは別の部材で他の内周面の箇所に比べ前記摩擦部材に対して大きな摩擦係数を有する材料により圧接用内周面として形成されている、ことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記摩擦部材が圧接する前記内周面の箇所は、上部に位置する前記内周面の箇所が、下部に位置する前記内周面の箇所よりも前記摩擦部材に対する摩擦係数が大きく形成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記空間部は円柱状を呈し、前記摩擦部材は弾性変形可能なゴム材料で円板状に形成され、前記ロッドは前記摩擦部材の中心部に貫通され、前記摩擦部材は押さえ部材を介して前記ロッドの軸方向に圧縮されることで前記内周面に圧接されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記上部構造物と前記杭頭との間に、前記杭頭に対して前記上部構造物の上方への変位を許容しつつ前記上部構造物の水平方向の位置決めを行なう位置決め部が設けられ、前記抵抗機構は、前記位置決め部の内側に設けられていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記位置決め部は、前記上部構造物の下面に取着され、その下部が前記空間部にはめ込まれ前記上部構造物の下面から下方に離れるにつれて断面積が次第に小さくなる中空状の杭頭キャップを含んで構成され、前記抵抗機構は、前記杭頭キャップの内側を通って設けられていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記上部構造物と前記杭頭との間に、前記杭頭に対して前記上部構造物の上方への変位を許容しつつ前記上部構造物の水平方向の位置決めを行なう位置決め部が設けられ、前記抵抗機構は、前記位置決め部と前記空間部とにわたって設けられていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記位置決め部は、前記上部構造物の下面に取着されその下部が前記空間部にはめ込まれ前記上部構造物の下面から下方に離れるにつれて断面積が次第に小さくなる中実状の杭頭キャップを含んで構成され、前記抵抗機構は、前記杭頭キャップの下面と前記空間部とにわたって設けられていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a support structure for an upper structure that supports the upper structure through a pile having a space portion open upward at the pile head, and the upper structure and the space. A resistance mechanism is provided over the portion to allow the superstructure to rise and generate resistance, and to allow the superstructure to descend when descending after the superstructure is lifted. It is characterized by being done.
Further, in the present invention, the resistance mechanism comprises a rod projecting downward from the lower surface of the superstructure and inserted into the space, and a pile attached to the lower part of the rod to form the space. It is characterized in that it is configured to include a friction member that is in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface.
Further, in the present invention, the portion of the inner peripheral surface to which the friction member is in pressure contact is processed or surface-treated so that the friction coefficient with respect to the friction member is larger than that of the other inner peripheral surface. It is characterized in that it is formed as a peripheral surface.
Further, in the present invention, the portion of the inner peripheral surface to which the friction member is in pressure contact is a member different from the member constituting the pile, and has a larger friction coefficient with respect to the friction member than the portion of the other inner peripheral surface. It is characterized in that it is formed as an inner peripheral surface for pressure welding by a material having.
Further, in the present invention, in the portion of the inner peripheral surface to which the friction member is in pressure contact, the portion of the inner peripheral surface located at the upper part has a friction coefficient with respect to the friction member more than the portion of the inner peripheral surface located at the lower part. Is characterized in that it is formed large.
Further, in the present invention, the space portion has a columnar shape, the friction member is formed in a disk shape with an elastically deformable rubber material, the rod is penetrated through the central portion of the friction member, and the friction member is It is characterized in that it is pressed against the inner peripheral surface by being compressed in the axial direction of the rod via the pressing member.
Further, the present invention provides positioning between the superstructure and the pile head so that the superstructure is positioned in the horizontal direction while allowing the pile head to be displaced upward with respect to the pile head. A portion is provided, and the resistance mechanism is provided inside the positioning portion.
Further, in the present invention, the positioning portion is attached to the lower surface of the superstructure, and the lower portion is fitted into the space and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface of the superstructure decreases. The resistance mechanism is provided through the inside of the pile head cap.
Further, the present invention provides positioning between the superstructure and the pile head so that the superstructure is positioned in the horizontal direction while allowing the pile head to be displaced upward with respect to the pile head. A portion is provided, and the resistance mechanism is provided over the positioning portion and the space portion.
Further, in the present invention, the positioning portion is attached to the lower surface of the upper structure, the lower portion thereof is fitted into the space portion, and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface of the upper structure decreases. It is configured to include a pile head cap, and the resistance mechanism is provided over the lower surface of the pile head cap and the space portion.

本発明によれば、上部構造物と杭の空間部とにわたり、上部構造物の浮き上がりに対して浮き上がりを許容しつつ抵抗を生じ、かつ、上部構造物の浮き上がり後の降下時に降下に対して降下を許容しつつ抵抗を生じる抵抗機構が設けられているため、例えば地震などが発生し建物に水平方向の力が作用した場合、上部構造物の過大な浮き上がりを抑制し、かつ、浮き上がった上部構造物が降下する際の衝撃を緩和する上で有利となる。このため、上部構造物の損傷を抑制し、上部構造物に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、抵抗機構は、上部構造物の下面から下方に突設され空間部に挿入されるロッドと、ロッドの下部に取着され杭の内周面に圧接する摩擦部材とを含んで構成されている。
このため、上部構造物の一側が大きく浮き上がる方向に変位しようとした場合、摩擦部材の外周面と杭の内周面との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物の上方への変位に対しての抵抗を生じる。したがって、上部構造物の浮き上がりを許容しつつ抵抗を生じ、上部構造物の過大な浮き上がりを抑制する上で有利となる。
また、上部構造物の浮き上がり後の降下時には、摩擦部材の外周面と杭の内周面との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物の下方への変位に対しての抵抗を生じる。したがって、上部構造物の浮き上がり後の降下時に降下に対して降下を許容しつつ抵抗を生じ、上部構造物の衝撃を緩和する上で有利となる。
そのため、上部構造物の損傷を抑制する上で有利となり、上部構造物に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、摩擦部材が圧接する杭の内周面の箇所は、加工または表面処理が施されることで他の内周面の箇所に比べ摩擦部材に対する摩擦係数が大きい圧接用内周面として形成されているため、摩擦部材に作用する摩擦力を確保でき、上部構造物の上方または下方への変位に対して発生する抵抗を大きく確保する上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、摩擦部材が圧接する杭の内周面の箇所は、杭を構成する部材とは別の部材で他の内周面の箇所に比べ摩擦部材に対して大きな摩擦係数を有する材料により圧接用内周面として形成されているため、上部構造物の上方または下方への変位に対してより大きな抵抗を生じさせる上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、摩擦部材が圧接する杭の内周面の箇所は、上部に位置する内周面の箇所が、下部に位置する内周面の箇所よりも摩擦部材に対する摩擦係数が大きく形成されている。このため、上部構造物の上方への僅かな変位に対しては、摩擦部材と下部に位置する内周面との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物の浮き上がりを許容しつつ第１の抵抗を生じ、上部構造物の上方への大きな変位に対しては、摩擦部材と上部に位置する内周面との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物の浮き上がりを許容しつつ第１の抵抗よりも大きな第２の抵抗を生じ、上部構造物の過大な浮き上がりを抑制する。そのため、上部構造物の損傷を抑制する上で有利となり、上部構造物に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となり、また、摩擦部材の杭頭からの抜落を阻止する上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、摩擦部材は押さえ部材を介してロッドの軸方向に圧縮されることで杭の内周面に圧接されているため、圧縮されない状態で杭の空間部に挿入することで、摩擦部材の空間部への配置と、空間部からの取り外しを円滑に行う上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、上部構造物と杭頭との間に、杭頭に対して上部構造物の上方への変位を許容しつつ上部構造物の水平方向の位置決めを行なう位置決め部を設け、抵抗機構を位置決め部の内側に設けると、地震時、上部構造物に過大な水平力が加わることで一時的に上部構造物の浮き上がりや水平方向へのずれが生じても、位置決め部により上部構造物の水平方向の位置が元の位置に戻るため、地震の収束後に上部構造物を水平に支持する上で有利となる。
また、位置決め部を、上部構造物の下面に取着され、その下部が空間部にはめ込まれ上部構造物の下面から下方に離れるにつれて断面積が次第に小さくなる中空状の杭頭キャップを含んで構成し、抵抗機構を、杭頭キャップの内側を通って設けると、杭頭キャップが杭頭の空間部に対しあらゆる方向に傾動可能となるため、仮に杭が傾斜していても上部構造物を水平に支持する上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、上部構造物と杭頭との間に、杭頭に対して上部構造物の上方への変位を許容しつつ上部構造物の水平方向の位置決めを行なう位置決め部を設け、抵抗機構を位置決め部と空間部とにわたって設けると、地震時、上部構造物に過大な水平力が加わることで一時的に上部構造物の浮き上がりや水平方向へのずれが生じても、位置決め部により上部構造物の水平方向の位置が元の位置に戻るため、地震の収束後に上部構造物を水平に支持する上で有利となる。
また、位置決め部を、上部構造物の下面に取着されその下部が空間部にはめ込まれ前記上部構造物の下面から下方に離れるにつれて断面積が次第に小さくなる中実状の杭頭キャップを含んで構成し、抵抗機構を、杭頭キャップの下面と空間部とにわたって設けると、杭頭キャップが杭頭の空間部に対しあらゆる方向に傾動可能となるため、仮に杭が傾斜していても上部構造物を水平に支持する上で有利となる。 According to the present invention, a resistance is generated while allowing the superstructure to lift up over the space between the superstructure and the pile, and the superstructure descends with respect to the descent after the lift. Since a resistance mechanism is provided that allows resistance while allowing resistance, for example, when an earthquake occurs and a horizontal force acts on the building, the superstructure can be suppressed from being excessively lifted and the lifted superstructure can be lifted. It is advantageous in mitigating the impact when an object descends. Therefore, it is advantageous in suppressing damage to the superstructure and reducing discomfort of a person located in the superstructure.
Further, according to the present invention, the resistance mechanism includes a rod protruding downward from the lower surface of the superstructure and inserted into the space, and a friction member attached to the lower part of the rod and pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the pile. Is configured to include.
Therefore, when one side of the superstructure is to be displaced in a direction in which it is greatly lifted, the frictional resistance between the outer peripheral surface of the friction member and the inner peripheral surface of the pile increases the resistance to the upward displacement of the superstructure. Occurs. Therefore, resistance is generated while allowing the superstructure to float, which is advantageous in suppressing excessive lifting of the superstructure.
Further, when the superstructure is lowered after being lifted, the frictional resistance between the outer peripheral surface of the friction member and the inner peripheral surface of the pile causes resistance to the downward displacement of the superstructure. Therefore, when the superstructure is descended after being lifted, resistance is generated while allowing the descent against the descent, which is advantageous in alleviating the impact of the superstructure.
Therefore, it is advantageous in suppressing damage to the superstructure, and is advantageous in reducing discomfort of a person located in the superstructure.
Further, according to the present invention, the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the pile to which the friction member is in pressure contact is for pressure welding in which the friction coefficient with respect to the friction member is larger than that of other inner peripheral surfaces due to processing or surface treatment. Since it is formed as an inner peripheral surface, it is possible to secure a frictional force acting on the friction member, which is advantageous in securing a large resistance to the upward or downward displacement of the superstructure.
Further, according to the present invention, the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the pile to which the friction member is in pressure contact is a member different from the member constituting the pile and has a larger friction coefficient with respect to the friction member than the portion of the other inner peripheral surface. Since it is formed as an inner peripheral surface for pressure welding by a material having the above-mentioned material, it is advantageous in causing greater resistance to upward or downward displacement of the superstructure.
Further, according to the present invention, in the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the pile to which the friction member is in pressure contact, the coefficient of friction with respect to the friction member is higher in the portion of the inner peripheral surface located at the upper part than in the portion of the inner peripheral surface located at the lower part. It is formed large. Therefore, with respect to a slight upward displacement of the superstructure, the frictional resistance between the friction member and the inner peripheral surface located at the bottom causes the first resistance while allowing the superstructure to rise. With respect to a large upward displacement of the superstructure, the frictional resistance between the friction member and the inner peripheral surface located above allows the superstructure to rise, while the second resistance is larger than the first resistance. And suppresses excessive lifting of the superstructure. Therefore, it is advantageous in suppressing damage to the superstructure, advantageous in reducing discomfort of a person located in the superstructure, and advantageous in preventing the friction member from falling out from the pile head. It becomes.
Further, according to the present invention, since the friction member is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the pile by being compressed in the axial direction of the rod via the pressing member, the friction member is inserted into the space portion of the pile in an uncompressed state. Therefore, it is advantageous in arranging the friction member in the space portion and smoothly removing the friction member from the space portion.
Further, according to the present invention, a positioning portion is provided between the superstructure and the pile head to perform horizontal positioning of the superstructure while allowing the superstructure to be displaced upward with respect to the pile head. If the resistance mechanism is provided inside the positioning part, even if an excessive horizontal force is applied to the superstructure during an earthquake and the superstructure temporarily rises or shifts in the horizontal direction, the positioning part will raise the upper part. Since the horizontal position of the structure returns to its original position, it is advantageous for supporting the superstructure horizontally after the earthquake has converged.
Further, the positioning portion is attached to the lower surface of the superstructure, and the lower portion is fitted into the space portion, and includes a hollow pile head cap whose cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface of the superstructure decreases downward. However, if the resistance mechanism is provided through the inside of the pile head cap, the pile head cap can tilt in all directions with respect to the space of the pile head, so even if the pile is tilted, the superstructure is horizontal. It will be advantageous to support.
Further, according to the present invention, a positioning portion is provided between the superstructure and the pile head to perform horizontal positioning of the superstructure while allowing the superstructure to be displaced upward with respect to the pile head. If a resistance mechanism is provided between the positioning part and the space part, even if an excessive horizontal force is applied to the superstructure during an earthquake and the superstructure temporarily rises or shifts in the horizontal direction, the positioning part As a result, the horizontal position of the superstructure returns to its original position, which is advantageous in supporting the superstructure horizontally after the earthquake has converged.
Further, the positioning portion is configured to include a solid pile head cap which is attached to the lower surface of the superstructure, the lower portion of which is fitted into the space, and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface of the superstructure decreases downward. However, if the resistance mechanism is provided over the lower surface of the pile head cap and the space portion, the pile head cap can tilt in all directions with respect to the space portion of the pile head, so that even if the pile is tilted, the superstructure It is advantageous to support the stakes horizontally.

第１の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造の構成を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the support structure of the superstructure of 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造において上部構造物の浮き上がりが発生した場合を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the case where the superstructure is lifted in the support structure of the superstructure of the first embodiment. 第２の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造の構成を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the support structure of the superstructure of the 2nd Embodiment. 第２の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造において上部構造物の浮き上がりが発生した場合を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the case where the superstructure is lifted in the support structure of the superstructure of the second embodiment. 第３の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造の構成を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the support structure of the superstructure of the 3rd Embodiment. 第３の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造において上部構造物の浮き上がりが発生した場合を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the case where the superstructure is lifted in the support structure of the superstructure of the third embodiment.

（第１の実施の形態）
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１に示すように、本実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造１０Ａは、上部構造物１２を支持するものであり、杭１８と、抵抗機構２０Ａとを備えている。
上部構造物１２は、体育館、倉庫、鉄塔などの構造物であり、水平方向に延在する基礎梁１４と、基礎梁１４から立設された複数の柱１６とを含んで構成されている。
基礎梁１４として、鉄筋コンクリート造（ＲＣ造）、鉄骨造（Ｓ造）のもの、あるいは、木製の基礎梁など従来公知の様々なものが使用可能である。 (First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the support structure 10A of the superstructure of the present embodiment supports the superstructure 12, and includes a pile 18 and a resistance mechanism 20A.
The superstructure 12 is a structure such as a gymnasium, a warehouse, and a steel tower, and includes a foundation beam 14 extending in the horizontal direction and a plurality of columns 16 erected from the foundation beam 14.
As the foundation beam 14, various conventionally known ones such as a reinforced concrete structure (RC structure), a steel frame structure (S structure), and a wooden foundation beam can be used.

杭１８は、杭本体２２と、空間部２４とを含んで構成されている。なお、杭１８として、ＲＣ杭などのコンクリート杭、鋼管杭、あるいは、木製杭など従来公知の様々な杭が使用可能であり、本実施の形態では、鋼管杭である。
杭本体２２は地盤Ｇに打設され、杭頭２２０２の上面は地盤Ｇ上に露出されている。
空間部２４は、杭頭２２０２に上方に開放状に形成されている。
本実施の形態では、杭本体２２は鋼管杭であるため、空間部２４は杭本体２２の内部で杭本体２２の全長にわたって形成され、空間部２４は杭本体２２の内周面で円柱状に形成されている。なお、杭本体２２がコンクリート杭などのように空間部を有していない杭の場合には、空間部２４を杭頭２２０２に予め形成しておく。
また、図中符号２５は、杭本体２２の上部の外周面の全周に沿って設けられた補強用のリングであり、リング２５は溶接によって杭本体２２に接合されている。 The pile 18 includes a pile main body 22 and a space portion 24. As the pile 18, various conventionally known piles such as concrete piles such as RC piles, steel pipe piles, and wooden piles can be used, and in the present embodiment, they are steel pipe piles.
The pile body 22 is driven into the ground G, and the upper surface of the pile head 2202 is exposed on the ground G.
The space portion 24 is formed in an upwardly open shape on the pile head 2202.
In the present embodiment, since the pile body 22 is a steel pipe pile, the space portion 24 is formed inside the pile body 22 over the entire length of the pile body 22, and the space portion 24 is cylindrical on the inner peripheral surface of the pile body 22. It is formed. If the pile body 22 is a pile that does not have a space such as a concrete pile, the space 24 is formed in advance on the pile head 2202.
Further, reference numeral 25 in the drawing is a reinforcing ring provided along the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the pile body 22, and the ring 25 is joined to the pile body 22 by welding.

更に本実施の形態では、位置決め部２６が設けられている。
位置決め部２６は、上部構造物１２と杭頭２２０２との間に設けられ、杭頭２２０２に対して上部構造物１２の上方への変位を許容しつつ上部構造物１２の水平方向の位置決めを行なうものである。
本実施の形態では、位置決め部２６は杭頭キャップ２８と杭頭２２０２とを含んで構成されている。 Further, in the present embodiment, the positioning unit 26 is provided.
The positioning portion 26 is provided between the superstructure 12 and the pile head 2202, and positions the superstructure 12 in the horizontal direction while allowing the pile head 2202 to be displaced upward. It is a thing.
In the present embodiment, the positioning portion 26 includes a pile head cap 28 and a pile head 2202.

杭頭キャップ２８は、鋼製であり、キャップ本体２８０２と、蓋板部２８０４とを備えている。
キャップ本体２８０２は、上部構造物基礎梁１４の下面１４０２から下方に離れるにつれて断面積が次第に小さくなる中空状を呈し、本実施の形態では、截頭円錐形の中空の枠状を呈し、キャップ本体２８０２の下部は空間部２４にはめ込まれ、言い換えると杭頭２２０２の上端にはめ込まれている。
蓋板部２８０４は、キャップ本体２８０２の上縁よりも大きな輪郭を有する正方形の鋼板で構成され、蓋板部２８０４の中心には、後述するロッド３０Ａのフランジ３００２を収容する孔部２８０５が形成されている。
蓋板部２８０４は、キャップ本体２８０２の軸心と蓋板部２８０４の中心とを合致させた状態でキャップ本体２８０２の上縁と蓋板部２８０４の下面とが溶接で接合されている。
蓋板部２８０４は、基礎梁１４の下面１４０２にボルトＢ１とナットＮ１を介して締結されている。
キャップ本体２８０２の下部が空間部２４にはめ込まれた状態でキャップ本体２８０２の下部は杭１８の内周面１８０２の上縁１８０４に摩擦接触している。
なお、本明細書において、杭頭キャップ２８を形成する截頭円錐形には、部分球形状、球面形状などの形状を広く含む。
本発明において杭頭キャップ２８は省略可能であるが、杭頭キャップ２８を用いることにより以下の効果が奏される。
１）杭頭２２０２の空間部２４にキャップ本体２８０２をはめ込むことで、キャップ本体２８０２が杭頭２２０２の空間部２４に対しあらゆる方向に傾動可能となるため、杭頭２２０２の損傷が避けられる。
２）地震時、上部構造物１２に過大な水平力が加わることで一時的に上部構造物１２の浮き上がりや水平方向へのずれが生じても、キャップ本体２８０２が杭頭２２０２の空間部２４にはめ込まれることで上部構造物１２の水平方向の位置が元の位置に戻るため、地震の収束後に基礎梁１４を水平に支持する上で有利となる。
なお、杭頭２２０２に対して上部構造物１２の上方への変位を許容しつつ上部構造物１２の水平方向の位置決めを行なう位置決め部２６は杭頭キャップ２８に限定されず、従来公知の様々な構造が適用可能であるが、杭頭キャップ２８を用いると上述の効果を奏する点で有利となる。
また、本実施の形態では、杭１８が断面形状が円形の鋼管杭で構成されている場合について説明したが、杭は断面矩形であってもよく、その場合、杭頭キャップは、基礎梁１４の下面１２０２から下方に離れるにつれて断面積が次第に小さくなる中空状、あるいは、中実状を呈していればよく、具体的には截頭角錐形となる。 The pile head cap 28 is made of steel and includes a cap main body 2802 and a lid plate portion 2804.
The cap body 2802 has a hollow shape in which the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface 1402 of the superstructure foundation beam 14 decreases. The lower part of 2802 is fitted in the space 24, in other words, it is fitted in the upper end of the pile head 2202.
The lid plate portion 2804 is made of a square steel plate having a contour larger than that of the upper edge of the cap body 2802, and a hole portion 2805 for accommodating the flange 3002 of the rod 30A described later is formed in the center of the lid plate portion 2804. ing.
In the lid plate portion 2804, the upper edge of the cap main body 2802 and the lower surface of the lid plate portion 2804 are joined by welding in a state where the axial center of the cap main body 2802 and the center of the lid plate portion 2804 are aligned.
The lid plate portion 2804 is fastened to the lower surface 1402 of the foundation beam 14 via bolts B1 and nuts N1.
The lower part of the cap body 2802 is in frictional contact with the upper edge 1804 of the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18 in a state where the lower part of the cap body 2802 is fitted in the space 24.
In the present specification, the head cone shape forming the pile head cap 28 includes a wide range of shapes such as a partial spherical shape and a spherical shape.
Although the pile head cap 28 can be omitted in the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by using the pile head cap 28.
1) By fitting the cap body 2802 into the space 24 of the pile head 2202, the cap body 2802 can tilt in all directions with respect to the space 24 of the pile head 2202, so that damage to the pile head 2202 can be avoided.
2) In the event of an earthquake, even if an excessive horizontal force is applied to the superstructure 12 and the superstructure 12 is temporarily lifted or displaced in the horizontal direction, the cap body 2802 will be placed in the space 24 of the pile head 2202. Since the horizontal position of the superstructure 12 returns to the original position by being fitted, it is advantageous for horizontally supporting the foundation beam 14 after the convergence of the earthquake.
The positioning portion 26 that positions the superstructure 12 in the horizontal direction while allowing the superstructure 12 to be displaced upward with respect to the pile head 2202 is not limited to the pile head cap 28, and is various conventionally known. Although the structure is applicable, the use of the pile head cap 28 is advantageous in that the above-mentioned effects are obtained.
Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the pile 18 is composed of a steel pipe pile having a circular cross-sectional shape has been described, but the pile may have a rectangular cross-section, and in that case, the pile head cap is the foundation beam 14. It suffices to have a hollow shape or a solid shape in which the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface 1202 of the above surface increases, and more specifically, the cross-sectional area becomes a rectangular cone shape.

抵抗機構２０Ａは、上部構造物１２と杭１８の空間部２４とにわたって設けられている。
抵抗機構２０Ａは、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりに対して浮き上がりを許容しつつ抵抗を生じ、かつ、上部構造物１２の浮き上がり後の降下時に降下に対して降下を許容しつつ抵抗を生じるものである。
本実施の形態の抵抗機構２０Ａは、ロッド３０と、摩擦部材３２とを含んで構成されている。 The resistance mechanism 20A is provided over the superstructure 12 and the space 24 of the pile 18.
The resistance mechanism 20A generates resistance while allowing the superstructure 12 to rise, and also causes resistance to the descent when the superstructure 12 descends after the lift. ..
The resistance mechanism 20A of the present embodiment includes a rod 30 and a friction member 32.

ロッド３０は、上部構造物１２の基礎梁１４の下面１４０２から杭頭キャップ２８の内側を通り杭頭キャップ２８の下方に突設され、空間部２４に挿入されている。
ロッド３０は、その上端フランジ３００２が基礎梁１４の下面１４０２にボルトＢ２、ナットＮ２を介して締結されることで配設されている。
したがって、抵抗機構２０Ａは、杭頭キャップ２８の内側を通って設けられ、言い換えると、抵抗機構２０Ａは、位置決め部２６の内側に設けられている。
なお、杭頭キャップ２８が中実状の截頭円錐形を呈している場合には、杭頭キャップ２８の下面は、上部構造物１２の下面を構成するため、ロッド３０は杭頭キャップ２８の下面から突設されることになる。
その場合、抵抗機構２０Ａは、杭頭キャップ２８の下面と空間部２４とにわたって設けられ、言い換えると、抵抗機構２０Ａは、位置決め部２６と空間部２４とにわたって設けられることになる。 The rod 30 is projected from the lower surface 1402 of the foundation beam 14 of the superstructure 12 through the inside of the pile head cap 28 and below the pile head cap 28, and is inserted into the space portion 24.
The rod 30 is arranged by fastening the upper end flange 3002 to the lower surface 1402 of the foundation beam 14 via bolts B2 and nuts N2.
Therefore, the resistance mechanism 20A is provided through the inside of the pile head cap 28, in other words, the resistance mechanism 20A is provided inside the positioning portion 26.
When the pile head cap 28 has a solid head conical shape, the lower surface of the pile head cap 28 constitutes the lower surface of the superstructure 12, so that the rod 30 is the lower surface of the pile head cap 28. Will be stakeout from.
In that case, the resistance mechanism 20A is provided over the lower surface of the pile head cap 28 and the space portion 24, in other words, the resistance mechanism 20A is provided over the positioning portion 26 and the space portion 24.

摩擦部材３２は、ロッド３０の外周面―と空間部２４を構成する杭１８の内周面１８０２との間で杭頭キャップ２８よりも下方のロッド３０の下部に取着され、空間部２４を構成する杭１８の内周面１８０２に圧接されている。
本実施の形態では、摩擦部材３２は弾性変形可能なゴム材料で円板状に形成され、円形の上面３２０２と下面３２０４と、それら上面３２０２と下面３２０４を接続する外周面３２０６とを備えている。
ロッド３０は摩擦部材３２の中心部に貫通されている。
摩擦部材３２は、ロッド３０の雄ねじ３００６に螺合する一対のナットＮ３と、一対のワッシャＷ（押さえ部材）を介してロッド３０の軸方向に圧縮されており、この圧縮により、摩擦部材３２が半径方向外方に向かって膨張することで摩擦部材３２は、その外周面３２０６が杭１８の内周面１８０２に圧接された状態となっている。
したがって、摩擦部材３２はロッド３０と一体的に空間部２４内を上下に変位可能となっている。 The friction member 32 is attached to the lower portion of the rod 30 below the pile head cap 28 between the outer peripheral surface of the rod 30 and the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18 constituting the space portion 24, and the space portion 24 is provided. It is pressure-welded to the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the constituent pile 18.
In the present embodiment, the friction member 32 is formed of an elastically deformable rubber material in a disk shape, and includes a circular upper surface 3202 and a lower surface 3204, and an outer peripheral surface 3206 connecting the upper surface 3202 and the lower surface 3204. ..
The rod 30 penetrates through the center of the friction member 32.
The friction member 32 is compressed in the axial direction of the rod 30 via a pair of nuts N3 screwed into the male screw 3006 of the rod 30 and a pair of washers W (holding members), and the friction member 32 is compressed by this compression. By expanding outward in the radial direction, the friction member 32 is in a state where its outer peripheral surface 3206 is in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18.
Therefore, the friction member 32 can be vertically displaced in the space portion 24 integrally with the rod 30.

また、摩擦部材３２は、その厚さ方向に圧縮されない状態では杭本体２２の空間部２４に挿入可能な外径で形成され、杭本体２２の空間部２４に挿入された後に圧縮されることで外周面３２０６が杭１８の内周面１８０２に圧接される。
これにより、摩擦部材３２の空間部２４への配置と、空間部２４からの取り外しが円滑になされるように図られている。 Further, the friction member 32 is formed with an outer diameter that can be inserted into the space portion 24 of the pile body 22 in a state where it is not compressed in the thickness direction thereof, and is compressed after being inserted into the space portion 24 of the pile body 22. The outer peripheral surface 3206 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18.
As a result, the friction member 32 is arranged in the space portion 24 and can be smoothly removed from the space portion 24.

摩擦部材３２は、上部構造物１２が杭頭２２０２に対して浮き上がっていない上部構造物１２の静止状態で、空間部２４において、杭頭キャップ２８よりも下方に離れた初期位置に位置して杭本体２２の内周面１８０２を圧接し（図１参照）、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりにより摩擦部材３２は初期位置から上昇する（図２参照）。 The friction member 32 is a pile located at an initial position in the space portion 24 below the pile head cap 28 in a stationary state of the superstructure 12 in which the superstructure 12 is not lifted with respect to the pile head 2202. The inner peripheral surface 1802 of the main body 22 is pressed against each other (see FIG. 1), and the friction member 32 rises from the initial position due to the lifting of the superstructure 12 (see FIG. 2).

上部構造物１２の浮き上がり、降下時に摩擦部材３２が空間部２４内を上下に変位する上下範囲の箇所は、初期位置からその上方の所定の範囲の箇所であり、あるいは、初期位置から杭頭２２０２の上端までの範囲の箇所である。
この摩擦部材３２が圧接する内周面１８０２の上下範囲の箇所は、加工または表面処理を施されることで他の内周面１８０２の箇所に比べ摩擦係数が大きい圧接用内周面１８０６として形成されている。
これにより、摩擦部材３２に作用する摩擦力を確保でき、上部構造物１２の浮き上がり（上方への変位）、降下（下方への変位）に対して抵抗機構２０Ａにより発生する抵抗を大きく確保する上で有利となる。
この場合、加工として、例えば、グラインダーによる内周面１８０２の目荒し加工や、サンドブラスト処理を採用することができる。
また、表面処理として、内周面１８０２に黒錆を形成させる処理や、エッチングなどの化学的な粗面化処理を採用することができる。 The portion of the vertical range in which the friction member 32 is displaced vertically in the space 24 when the superstructure 12 is lifted or lowered is a portion in a predetermined range above the initial position, or the pile head 2202 from the initial position. It is the part of the range up to the upper end of.
The upper and lower portions of the inner peripheral surface 1802 to which the friction member 32 is pressure-welded are formed as the inner peripheral surface 1806 for pressure welding having a larger friction coefficient than the other inner peripheral surfaces 1802 by being processed or surface-treated. Has been done.
As a result, the frictional force acting on the friction member 32 can be secured, and the resistance generated by the resistance mechanism 20A against the lift (upward displacement) and the descent (downward displacement) of the superstructure 12 can be largely secured. It becomes advantageous in.
In this case, for example, roughening of the inner peripheral surface 1802 with a grinder or sandblasting can be adopted as the processing.
Further, as the surface treatment, a treatment for forming black rust on the inner peripheral surface 1802 or a chemical roughening treatment such as etching can be adopted.

次に作用効果について説明する。
図１に示すように、地震や台風などが発生していない上部構造物１２の静止状態では、杭頭キャップ２８の下部は杭頭２２０２の空間部２４にはめ込まれ、摩擦部材３２は初期位置に位置し、その外周３２０６面は杭１８の内周面１８０２に圧接された状態となっている。 Next, the action and effect will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the stationary state of the superstructure 12 in which no earthquake or typhoon has occurred, the lower part of the pile head cap 28 is fitted into the space 24 of the pile head 2202, and the friction member 32 is in the initial position. It is located, and its outer peripheral surface 3206 is in a state of being pressed against the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18.

小規模、中規模な地震が発生し、あるいは、台風による横風を受け、上部構造物１２に水平力が作用し、そのモーメントにより上部構造物１２が傾動し、上部構造物１２の一側が浮き上がる方向に変位しようとする。
この場合、摩擦部材３２の外周面３２０６と杭１９の内周面１８０２との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物１２の上方への変位に対しての抵抗を生じ、したがって、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりを抑制し、上部構造物１２の損傷を抑制する上で有利となり、さらに上部構造物１２に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となる。 A direction in which a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake occurs or a crosswind caused by a typhoon causes a horizontal force to act on the superstructure 12, and the moment causes the superstructure 12 to tilt and one side of the superstructure 12 to rise. Try to displace in.
In this case, the frictional resistance between the outer peripheral surface 3206 of the friction member 32 and the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 19 causes resistance to the upward displacement of the superstructure 12, and therefore the superstructure 12 is lifted. It is advantageous in suppressing and suppressing damage to the superstructure 12, and further in reducing the discomfort of a person located in the superstructure 12.

また、大規模の地震が発生し、あるいは、大型の台風による横風を受け、上部構造物１２に大きな水平力が作用し、そのモーメントにより上部構造物１２が傾動し、上部構造物１２の一側が大きく浮き上がる方向に変位しようとする。
この場合、摩擦部材３２の外周面３２０６と杭１８の内周面１８０２との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物１２の上方への変位に対しての抵抗を生じる。
したがって、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりを許容しつつ抵抗を生じ、上部構造物１２の過大な浮き上がりを抑制する上で有利となる。そのため、上部構造物１２の損傷を抑制する上で有利となり、上部構造物１２に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となる。
また、上部構造物１２の浮き上がり後の降下時には、摩擦部材３２の外周面３２０６と杭１８の内周面１８０２との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物１２の下方への変位に対しての抵抗を生じる。
したがって、上部構造物１２の浮き上がり後の降下時に降下に対して降下を許容しつつ抵抗を生じ、上部構造物１２の衝撃を緩和する上で有利となる。そのため、上部構造物１２の損傷を抑制する上で有利となり、上部構造物１２に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となる。 In addition, a large-scale earthquake occurs or a crosswind caused by a large typhoon causes a large horizontal force to act on the superstructure 12, and the moment causes the superstructure 12 to tilt, causing one side of the superstructure 12 to tilt. Attempts to displace in the direction of large lift.
In this case, the frictional resistance between the outer peripheral surface 3206 of the friction member 32 and the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18 causes resistance to the upward displacement of the superstructure 12.
Therefore, resistance is generated while allowing the superstructure 12 to lift, which is advantageous in suppressing excessive lifting of the superstructure 12. Therefore, it is advantageous in suppressing damage to the superstructure 12, and is advantageous in reducing discomfort of a person located in the superstructure 12.
Further, when the superstructure 12 descends after being lifted, the frictional resistance between the outer peripheral surface 3206 of the friction member 32 and the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile 18 causes resistance to the downward displacement of the superstructure 12. ..
Therefore, when the superstructure 12 descends after being lifted, resistance is generated while allowing the descent against the descent, which is advantageous in alleviating the impact of the superstructure 12. Therefore, it is advantageous in suppressing damage to the superstructure 12, and is advantageous in reducing discomfort of a person located in the superstructure 12.

（第２の実施の形態）
次に図３、４を参照して、第２の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造１０Ｂについて説明する。
なお、以下の実施の形態では、第１の実施の形態と同様な箇所、部材に同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
第２の実施の形態は、第１の実施の形態の変形例である。
本実施の形態の抵抗機構２０Ｂでは、上部構造物１２の浮き上がり、降下時に摩擦部材３２が空間部２４内を上下に変位する上下範囲の箇所、すなわち摩擦部材３２が圧接する内周面１８０２の上下範囲の箇所は、杭１８を構成する部材とは別の部材で他の内周面１８０２の箇所に比べ摩擦部材３２に対して大きな摩擦係数を有する材料を用いて圧接用内周面１８０８として形成されている。 (Second Embodiment)
Next, the support structure 10B of the superstructure of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
In the following embodiments, the same parts and members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
The second embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment.
In the resistance mechanism 20B of the present embodiment, the upper and lower parts of the upper and lower range where the friction member 32 is displaced up and down in the space 24 when the upper structure 12 is lifted and lowered, that is, the upper and lower sides of the inner peripheral surface 1802 to which the friction member 32 is in pressure contact. The range portion is formed as an inner peripheral surface 1808 for pressure welding by using a material different from the member constituting the pile 18 and having a larger friction coefficient with respect to the friction member 32 than the portion of the other inner peripheral surface 1802. Has been done.

このように杭頭２２０２の内周面１８０２を、杭１８を構成する部材とは別の部材で形成すると、上部構造物１２の上方または下方への変位に対してより大きな抵抗を生じさせる上で有利となる。したがって、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりに対して上部構造物１２の過大な浮き上がりを抑制する上でより有利となり、また、上部構造物１２の浮き上がり後の降下に対して上部構造物１２の衝撃を緩和する上で有利となる。そのため、上部構造物１２の損傷を抑制する上でより有利となり、上部構造物１２に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上でより有利となる。
このような大きな摩擦係数を有する材料として、合成樹脂材料やゴム材料など従来公知の様々な材料が採用可能である。 When the inner peripheral surface 1802 of the pile head 2202 is formed of a member different from the members constituting the pile 18 in this way, it causes greater resistance to the upward or downward displacement of the superstructure 12. It will be advantageous. Therefore, it is more advantageous in suppressing the excessive lifting of the superstructure 12 with respect to the lifting of the superstructure 12, and also mitigates the impact of the superstructure 12 with respect to the descent of the superstructure 12 after the lifting. It will be advantageous in doing so. Therefore, it is more advantageous in suppressing damage to the superstructure 12, and more advantageous in reducing discomfort of a person located in the superstructure 12.
As a material having such a large coefficient of friction, various conventionally known materials such as a synthetic resin material and a rubber material can be adopted.

（第３の実施の形態）
次に図５、６を参照して、第３の実施の形態の上部構造物の支持構造１０Ｃについて説明する。
第３の実施の形態は、第１、第２の実施の形態の変形例である。
本実施の形態の抵抗機構２０Ｃでは、上部構造物１２の浮き上がり、降下時に摩擦部材３２が空間部２４内を上下に変位する内周面１８０２の上下範囲の箇所、すなわち摩擦部材３２が圧接する内周面１８０２の上下範囲の箇所を、上部に位置する内周面１８０２の箇所（上部圧接用内周面１８１０）と下部に位置する内周面１８０２の箇所（下部圧接用内周面１８１２）とで摩擦係数を異ならせて形成されている。
詳細には、内周面１８０２の上下範囲の箇所を、下部圧接用内周面１８１２と、下部圧接用内周面１８１２よりも摩擦部材３２に対する摩擦係数が大きい上部圧接用内周面１８１０とで構成したものである。 (Third Embodiment)
Next, the support structure 10C of the superstructure of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
The third embodiment is a modification of the first and second embodiments.
In the resistance mechanism 20C of the present embodiment, the friction member 32 is displaced vertically in the space 24 when the superstructure 12 is lifted and lowered, that is, inside the friction member 32 in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface 1802. The upper and lower parts of the peripheral surface 1802 are the inner peripheral surface 1802 located at the upper part (inner peripheral surface 1810 for upper pressure welding) and the inner peripheral surface 1802 located at the lower part (inner peripheral surface 1812 for lower pressure welding). It is formed with different friction coefficients.
Specifically, the upper and lower ranges of the inner peripheral surface 1802 are divided into the lower pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1812 and the upper pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1810 having a larger friction coefficient with respect to the friction member 32 than the lower pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1812. It is configured.

このように下部圧接用内周面１８１２と上部圧接用内周面１８１０とで摩擦係数を異ならせる方法として、例えば、第１の実施の形態のように下部圧接用内周面１８１２と上部圧接用内周面１８１０とに対して加工または表面処理を施してもよく、あるいは、第２の実施の形態のように下部圧接用内周面１８１２と上部圧接用内周面と１８１０を、杭１８を構成する部材とは別の部材で形成してもよい。
例えば、上部圧接用内周面１８１０の摩擦部材に対する摩擦係数μは１．０程度、下部圧接用内周面１８１２の摩擦部材に対する摩擦係数μは０．１から０．２程度に設定されている。 As a method of making the friction coefficient different between the lower pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1812 and the upper pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1810, for example, as in the first embodiment, the lower pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1812 and the upper pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1812 are used. The inner peripheral surface 1810 may be processed or surface-treated, or as in the second embodiment, the lower pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1812, the upper pressure welding inner peripheral surface, and 1810 may be formed with the pile 18. It may be formed of a member different from the constituent members.
For example, the friction coefficient μ of the upper pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1810 with respect to the friction member is set to about 1.0, and the friction coefficient μ of the lower pressure welding inner peripheral surface 1812 with respect to the friction member is set to about 0.1 to 0.2. ..

第３の実施の形態によれば、第１の実施の形態の効果に加え、以下の効果を奏する。
大規模の地震が発生し、あるいは、大型の台風による横風を受け、上部構造物１２に大きな水平力が作用し、そのモーメントにより上部構造物１２が傾動し、上部構造物１２の一側が浮き上がる方向に変位しようとする。
この場合、上部構造物１２の上方への僅かな変位に対しては、摩擦部材３２と下部圧接用内周面１０１２との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりを許容しつつ第１の抵抗を生じ、上部構造物１２の損傷を抑制する上で有利となり、上部構造物１２に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となる。
また、上部構造物１２の上方への大きな変位に対しては、摩擦部材３２と上部圧接用内周面１８１０との摩擦抵抗により、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりを許容しつつ第１の抵抗よりも大きな第２の抵抗を生じ、上部構造物１２の浮き上がりに対して上部構造物１２の過大な浮き上がりを抑制する上でより有利となり、したがって、上部構造物１２の損傷を抑制する上で有利となり、上部構造物１２に所在する人の不快感を軽減させる上で有利となり、また、摩擦部材３２の杭頭２２０２からの抜落を阻止する上で有利となる。 According to the third embodiment, in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, the following effects are exhibited.
A direction in which a large-scale earthquake occurs or a crosswind caused by a large typhoon causes a large horizontal force to act on the superstructure 12, and the moment causes the superstructure 12 to tilt and one side of the superstructure 12 to rise. Try to displace in.
In this case, with respect to a slight upward displacement of the superstructure 12, the first resistance while allowing the superstructure 12 to rise due to the frictional resistance between the friction member 32 and the inner peripheral surface for lower pressure welding 1012. Is advantageous in suppressing damage to the superstructure 12, and is advantageous in reducing discomfort of a person located in the superstructure 12.
Further, with respect to a large upward displacement of the superstructure 12, the frictional resistance between the friction member 32 and the inner peripheral surface for upper pressure welding 1810 allows the superstructure 12 to rise and is higher than the first resistance. It produces a large second resistance, which is more advantageous in suppressing the excessive lifting of the superstructure 12 with respect to the lifting of the superstructure 12, and therefore is advantageous in suppressing the damage of the superstructure 12. It is advantageous in reducing the discomfort of a person located in the superstructure 12, and is also advantageous in preventing the friction member 32 from falling out from the pile head 2202.

また、上記の実施の形態にかかる上部構造物の支持構造は、杭頭キャップの強度を杭の強度よりも弱く設計してもよい。そうすると、上部構造物が浮き上がり後に降下することで杭頭キャップが杭に落下して衝撃を受けた場合に、杭頭キャップを主に損傷させることができるため、構造物の修繕時に杭頭キャップのみを交換すれば足りる。
また、第１〜第３の実施の形態にかかる上部構造物の支持構造では、１つの杭に対して１つのロッドを設けた構成としていたが、空間部の大きさが許せば２つ以上のロッドを設けた構成としてもよい。これにより、さらに大きな抵抗を生じさせることができるが、１つのロッドを設けた構成の場合はコストを抑えて支持構造を提供することができる。
また、同じ震度や横風であっても建物の構造やアスペクト比によってそれぞれの上部構造物の変位は異なるため、個々の上部構造物に合わせて上部構造物の変位に対する抵抗を生じさせるよう設計することで、上述した効果を発揮させる上で有利となる。 Further, the support structure of the superstructure according to the above embodiment may be designed so that the strength of the pile head cap is weaker than the strength of the pile. Then, when the pile head cap falls on the pile and receives an impact by descending after the superstructure rises, the pile head cap can be mainly damaged. Therefore, only the pile head cap is used when repairing the structure. It is enough to replace.
Further, in the support structure of the superstructure according to the first to third embodiments, one rod is provided for one pile, but if the size of the space portion allows, two or more rods are provided. A rod may be provided. Thereby, a larger resistance can be generated, but in the case of the configuration provided with one rod, the cost can be suppressed and the support structure can be provided.
In addition, even if the seismic intensity and crosswind are the same, the displacement of each superstructure differs depending on the structure and aspect ratio of the building, so design to create resistance to the displacement of the superstructure according to each superstructure. Therefore, it is advantageous in exerting the above-mentioned effect.

１０Ａ、１０Ｂ、１０Ｃ上部構造物の支持構造
１２上部構造物
１４基礎梁
１４０２下面
１６柱
１８杭
１８０２内周面
１８０４上縁
１８０６、１８０８圧接用内周面
１８１０上部圧接用内周面
１８１２下部圧接用内周面
２０Ａ、２０Ｂ、２０Ｃ抵抗機構
２２杭本体
２２０２杭頭
２４空間部
２６位置決め部
２８杭頭キャップ
２８０２キャップ本体
２８０４フランジ部
３０ロッド
３００２上端フランジ
３００４外周面
３２摩擦部材
３２０６外周面 10A, 10B, 10C Support structure of superstructure 12 Superstructure 14 Foundation beam 1402 Bottom surface 16 Pillars 18 Pile 1802 Inner peripheral surface 1804 Upper edge 1806, 1808 Inner peripheral surface for pressure welding 1810 Inner peripheral surface for upper pressure welding 1812 For lower pressure welding Inner peripheral surface 20A, 20B, 20C Resistance mechanism 22 Pile body 2202 Pile head 24 Space part 26 Positioning part 28 Pile head cap 2802 Cap body 2804 Flanged part 30 Rod 3002 Upper end flange 3004 Outer surface 32 Friction member 3206 Outer surface

Claims

It is a support structure of a superstructure that supports the superstructure through a pile having a space open upward at the pile head.
Over the superstructure and the space portion, resistance is generated while allowing the superstructure to rise, and while allowing the descent when the superstructure descends after the lift. A resistance mechanism that creates resistance is provided,
The support structure of the superstructure, which is characterized in that.

The resistance mechanism is
A rod that protrudes downward from the lower surface of the superstructure and is inserted into the space.
A friction member attached to the lower part of the rod and pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the pile constituting the space,
The support structure of the superstructure according to claim 1, wherein the superstructure is configured to include.

The portion of the inner peripheral surface to which the friction member is in pressure contact is formed as a pressure welding inner peripheral surface having a larger friction coefficient with respect to the friction member than the portion of the other inner peripheral surface by being processed or surface-treated. Yes,
2. The support structure for the superstructure according to claim 2.

The portion of the inner peripheral surface to which the friction member is in pressure contact is for pressure welding with a material that is different from the member constituting the pile and has a larger friction coefficient with respect to the friction member than the portion of the other inner peripheral surface. Formed as an inner surface,
2. The support structure for the superstructure according to claim 2.

In the portion of the inner peripheral surface to which the friction member is in pressure contact, the portion of the inner peripheral surface located at the upper portion is formed to have a larger friction coefficient with respect to the friction member than the portion of the inner peripheral surface located at the lower portion. ,
The support structure for the superstructure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the superstructure is characterized by this.

The space portion has a columnar shape and has a columnar shape.
The friction member is made of an elastically deformable rubber material and is formed in a disk shape.
The rod is penetrated through the central portion of the friction member, and the friction member is pressed against the inner peripheral surface by being compressed in the axial direction of the rod via the pressing member.
The support structure for the superstructure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that.

A positioning portion is provided between the superstructure and the pile head to perform horizontal positioning of the superstructure while allowing the pile head to be displaced upward.
The resistance mechanism is provided inside the positioning portion.
The support structure for the superstructure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that.

The positioning portion includes a hollow pile head cap that is attached to the lower surface of the superstructure, the lower portion of which is fitted into the space, and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface of the superstructure decreases downward. Consists of
The resistance mechanism is provided through the inside of the pile head cap.
7. The support structure for the superstructure according to claim 7.

A positioning portion is provided between the superstructure and the pile head to perform horizontal positioning of the superstructure while allowing the pile head to be displaced upward.
The resistance mechanism is provided over the positioning portion and the space portion.
The support structure for the superstructure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the superstructure is characterized by this.

The positioning portion includes a solid pile head cap that is attached to the lower surface of the superstructure, the lower portion of which is fitted into the space, and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the lower surface of the superstructure decreases downward. Configured
The resistance mechanism is provided over the lower surface of the pile head cap and the space portion.
9. The support structure for the superstructure according to claim 9.