JP2021145821A - Radiation amount visualization device - Google Patents

Radiation amount visualization device Download PDF

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JP2021145821A
JP2021145821A JP2020047480A JP2020047480A JP2021145821A JP 2021145821 A JP2021145821 A JP 2021145821A JP 2020047480 A JP2020047480 A JP 2020047480A JP 2020047480 A JP2020047480 A JP 2020047480A JP 2021145821 A JP2021145821 A JP 2021145821A
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image
dose
visualization device
mounted display
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純一 古徳
Junichi KOTOKU
純一 古徳
剛志 高田
Takeshi Takata
剛志 高田
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Teikyo University
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Abstract

To facilitate recognition of exposure or the like according to various environmental conditions.SOLUTION: A radiation amount visualization device that displays an image indicating an exposure amount by overlapping the image with an actual image that is a see-through image or a captured image displayed correspondingly to the see-through image includes: a head mounted display 104; and a processing unit (local host server 102) that reads spatial dose distribution data corresponding to an environmental condition at the time of X-ray irradiation among pieces of spatial dose distribution data calculated correspondingly to a plurality of environmental conditions of X-ray irradiation in advance, obtains a crystal lens exposure amount according to a position of a crystal lens of a surgeon, and causes the head mounted display 104 to display an image according to the crystal lens exposure amount by overlapping the image with the actual image.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、被験者や術者の被ばく放射線量を可視化する放射線量可視化装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a radiation dose visualization device that visualizes the radiation dose of a subject or an operator.

Ｘ線透視・撮影時の空間線量分布をモニタにリアルタイム表示するシステムとして、線量計によって複数の所要座標における空間線量分布データを取得し、これに基づいて、Ｘ線透視・撮影時の空間線量分布モニタに表示するシステムが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 As a system that displays the air dose distribution during X-ray fluoroscopy / imaging on a monitor in real time, the air dose distribution data at multiple required coordinates is acquired by a dosimeter, and based on this, the air dose distribution during X-ray fluoroscopy / imaging is acquired. A system for displaying on a monitor is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２０１７−４７７５７号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-47757

しかしながら、上記のように線量計によって空間線量分布データを取得する場合、保持装置の位置条件等に対応して計測を行う必要があり、様々な環境条件に対応した空間線量分布を把握することは容易でない。 However, when acquiring air dose distribution data with a dosimeter as described above, it is necessary to perform measurement according to the position conditions of the holding device, etc., and it is not possible to grasp the air dose distribution corresponding to various environmental conditions. Not easy.

本発明は、上記の点に鑑み、様々な環境条件に対応した被ばく等の把握を容易できるようにすることを目的としている。 In view of the above points, it is an object of the present invention to make it easy to grasp exposure and the like corresponding to various environmental conditions.

上記の目的を達成するため、本発明は、
シースルー画像またはそれに対応して表示される撮像画像である実画像と重畳させて、被ばく量を示す画像を表示する放射線量可視化装置であって、
上記実画像を視認可能なヘッドマウントディスプレイと、
あらかじめ、複数のＸ線照射の環境条件に対応して算出された空間線量分布データのうち、Ｘ線照射時の環境条件に対応する空間線量分布データを読み出し、術者の水晶体位置に応じた水晶体線量を求めて、上記水晶体線量に応じた画像を上記実画像と重畳させて上記ヘッドマウントディスプレイに表示させる処理部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
A radiation dose visualization device that displays an image showing the amount of exposure by superimposing it on a see-through image or a real image that is a captured image displayed correspondingly.
With a head-mounted display that allows you to see the actual image above,
Of the air dose distribution data calculated in advance corresponding to the environmental conditions of multiple X-ray irradiation, the air dose distribution data corresponding to the environmental conditions at the time of X-ray irradiation is read out, and the crystalline lens corresponding to the position of the crystalline lens of the operator. A processing unit that obtains a dose, superimposes an image corresponding to the crystalline lens dose on the actual image, and displays it on the head-mounted display.
It is characterized by being equipped with.

これにより、ヘッドマウントディスプレイによるシースルー画像や撮像実画像などと重畳させて放射線量の表示がなされることにより、実質的なリアルタイムで被ばく量を容易に把握可能にすることができる。 As a result, the radiation dose is displayed by superimposing it on the see-through image or the captured actual image by the head-mounted display, so that the exposure dose can be easily grasped in a substantially real time.

本発明によれば、様々な環境条件に対応した被ばく等の把握を容易にできるようになる。 According to the present invention, it becomes possible to easily grasp the exposure and the like corresponding to various environmental conditions.

放射線量可視化装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the radiation amount visualization apparatus. 放射線量可視化装置による表示画面例を示す説明図である。。It is explanatory drawing which shows the display screen example by a radiation amount visualization apparatus. .. 放射線量可視化装置の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the operation of a radiation amount visualization apparatus.

本発明の実施形態として、Ｘ線診断装置やＣＴ装置等のＸ線装置による放射線被ばくを容易に把握できるようにする放射線量可視化装置の例を説明する。 As an embodiment of the present invention, an example of a radiation dose visualization device that makes it possible to easily grasp radiation exposure by an X-ray device such as an X-ray diagnostic device or a CT device will be described.

放射線量可視化装置は、例えば図１に示すように、あらかじめ、種々のＸ線照射の環境条件における空間線量分布をモンテカルロ法によって計算し、蓄積するクラウドコンピュータ１０１と、Ｘ線装置１０３によるＸ線の照射条件等に基づいて、患者（被験者）の皮膚被ばく量（線量）をモンテカルロ法によって計算するとともに、上記照射条件等に応じてクラウドコンピュータ１０１から空間線量分布を読み出し、術者の水晶体被ばく量（線量）を推定するローカルホストサーバ１０２と、上記患者（被験者）の皮膚被ばく量や術者の水晶体被ばく量を示す表示を、例えば図２に示すような現実世界の像に重畳させて、いわゆるシースルー表示で行う例えばHoloLens（マイクロソフト社の登録商標）などの複合現実（Mixed Reality）のヘッドマウントディスプレイ１０４とを備えて構成される。 As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the radiation amount visualization device calculates and stores the air dose distribution under various X-ray irradiation environmental conditions by the Monte Carlo method in advance, and the X-rays by the cloud computer 101 and the X-ray device 103. The skin exposure amount (dose) of the patient (subject) is calculated by the Monte Carlo method based on the irradiation conditions, etc., and the air dose distribution is read out from the cloud computer 101 according to the irradiation conditions, etc. The local host server 102 that estimates the dose) and the display showing the skin exposure amount of the patient (subject) and the crystal body exposure amount of the operator are superimposed on a real-world image as shown in FIG. 2, for example, so-called see-through. It is configured to include a head-mounted display 104 of a mixed reality such as HoloLens (registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation) that performs display.

以下、上記各部で行われる処理や動作について、図３に示すフローチャートを参照して、より詳しく説明する。 Hereinafter, the processes and operations performed in each of the above parts will be described in more detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

（クラウドコンピュータ１０１の処理）
（Ｓ１０１） クラウドコンピュータ１０１には、まず、検査室の種々のＸ線照射の環境条件が設定される。具体的には、例えば、検査室の大きさや、室内機器、遮蔽板などの設備、おこびこれらの材質（Ｘ線等価や吸収等に関する特性）、Ｘ線管の管電圧、管電流、パルスレート、Ｘ線照射時間、照射視野絞りや、Ｘ線装置の位置、姿勢（アームの角度）などが複数通り設定される。 (Processing of cloud computer 101)
(S101) First, various environmental conditions for X-ray irradiation in the examination room are set in the cloud computer 101. Specifically, for example, the size of the inspection room, indoor equipment, equipment such as a shielding plate, these materials (characteristics related to X-ray equivalence and absorption), X-ray tube voltage, tube current, pulse rate, X The line irradiation time, the irradiation field aperture, the position of the X-ray device, the posture (arm angle), and the like are set in a plurality of ways.

（Ｓ１０２） 次に、各環境条件ごとに、モンテカルロ計算によって検査室内の空間線量が計算され、蓄積される。 (S102) Next, the air dose in the examination room is calculated and accumulated by Monte Carlo calculation for each environmental condition.

（ローカルホストサーバ１０２の処理）
（Ｓ２０１） ローカルホストサーバ１０２では、まず、現在の透視条件（Ｘ線照射の環境条件）が収集される。具体的には、例えば、Ｘ線装置１０３に設定されたＸ線管の管電圧、管電流、パルスレート、Ｘ線装置１０３の位置、姿勢等の情報が取得される。また、図示しない操作装置からの入力等に基づいて、検査室や設備等についての環境条件が収集される。なお、種々のセンサや画像処理などによって設備等の位置などが検出されるようにしてもよい。また、患者２０３の位置も、例えば超音波センサなどによって検出される。さらに、患者について、あらかじめＣＴ装置によって得られた体の組成構造（例えば皮膚部分、骨の部分、主として水の部分、空気の部分などの配置等）などの情報も収集される。 (Processing of localhost server 102)
(S201) The local host server 102 first collects the current fluoroscopic conditions (environmental conditions for X-ray irradiation). Specifically, for example, information such as the tube voltage, tube current, pulse rate of the X-ray tube set in the X-ray device 103, the position of the X-ray device 103, and the posture is acquired. In addition, environmental conditions for inspection rooms, equipment, etc. are collected based on inputs from operating devices (not shown). The position of the equipment or the like may be detected by various sensors or image processing. The position of the patient 203 is also detected by, for example, an ultrasonic sensor. Further, for the patient, information such as the compositional structure of the body (for example, the arrangement of the skin part, the bone part, mainly the water part, the air part, etc.) obtained in advance by the CT device is also collected.

（Ｓ２０２） 上記（Ｓ２０１）で収集されたＸ線装置１０３によるＸ線の照射条件に関する情報、および患者の体の組成構造に関する情報にも応じて、モンテカルロ計算によって患者の皮膚被ばく量が計算される。すなわち、この被ばく量の算出は比較的計算量を少なく抑えることが容易なので、ローカルホストサーバ１０２で例えば数秒おきなどに計算される。ここで、患者の体の組成構造も考慮されることによって、より正確な被ばく量の算出を容易にできる。 (S202) The patient's skin exposure dose is calculated by Monte Carlo calculation according to the information on the X-ray irradiation conditions by the X-ray apparatus 103 collected in the above (S201) and the information on the composition structure of the patient's body. .. That is, since it is easy to keep the calculation amount relatively small, the exposure amount is calculated by the local host server 102, for example, every few seconds. Here, by considering the compositional structure of the patient's body, more accurate calculation of the exposure dose can be facilitated.

（Ｓ２０３） 上記（Ｓ２０２）で算出された皮膚被ばく量が累積され、保持データが更新される。 (S203) The skin exposure amount calculated in (S202) above is accumulated, and the retained data is updated.

（Ｓ２０４） 一方、術者の被ばくに関しては、上記（Ｓ２０１）で収集された環境条件に基づいて、対応する検査室内の空間線量が、クラウドコンピュータ１０１から読み出される。すなわち、このような空間線量の計算は、例えば３５ｃｍグリッドで計算するとすればかなり大きな計算量になるので、あらかじめ比較的処理能力の大きなクラウドコンピュータ１０１等によって種々の環境条件の場合の空間線量分布を計算しておき、ローカルホストサーバ１０２により読み出すことによって、リアルタイム的な表示が容易になる。 (S204) On the other hand, regarding the exposure of the operator, the air dose in the corresponding examination room is read out from the cloud computer 101 based on the environmental conditions collected in (S201) above. That is, since such calculation of the air dose would be a considerably large amount of calculation if it is calculated with a 35 cm grid, for example, the air dose distribution under various environmental conditions is previously calculated by a cloud computer 101 or the like having a relatively large processing capacity. By calculating and reading by the local host server 102, real-time display becomes easy.

（Ｓ２０５） 上記（Ｓ２０４）で算出された空間線量と、後述するヘッドマウントディスプレイ１０４によって追跡される術者の水晶体の位置に基づいて、術者の水晶体被ばく推定値が求められる。 (S205) An estimated value of the operator's crystalline lens exposure is obtained based on the air dose calculated in (S204) above and the position of the operator's crystalline lens tracked by the head-mounted display 104 described later.

（Ｓ２０６） 上記（Ｓ２０３）および（Ｓ２０５）で求められた患者の累積皮膚被ばく分布や、術者の水晶体被ばく量の算出結果がヘッドマウントディスプレイ１０４に送信されて、後述するように放射線量の可視化表示が行われる。以後、上記（Ｓ２０１）以降が繰り返される。 (S206) The cumulative skin exposure distribution of the patient obtained in (S203) and (S205) above and the calculation result of the crystalline lens exposure amount of the operator are transmitted to the head-mounted display 104, and the radiation dose is visualized as described later. The display is done. After that, the above (S201) and subsequent steps are repeated.

（ヘッドマウントディスプレイ１０４の処理）
（Ｓ３０１） ヘッドマウントディスプレイ１０４では、まず、図示しない内蔵カメラによって患者の身体上や術者上、検査室内のマーカーが撮像、識別され、空間上の位置が求められる。 (Processing of head-mounted display 104)
(S301) In the head-mounted display 104, first, markers on the patient's body, on the operator, and in the examination room are imaged and identified by a built-in camera (not shown), and a position in space is obtained.

（Ｓ３０２） 上記マーカーの位置に基づいて、術者の位置が求められ、位置情報がローカルホストサーバ１０２に送られる。この位置情報に基づいて、ローカルホストサーバ１０２では、上記のように術者の水晶体被ばく推定値が求められる。 (S302) The position of the operator is obtained based on the position of the marker, and the position information is sent to the local host server 102. Based on this position information, the local host server 102 obtains the estimated value of the operator's crystalline lens exposure as described above.

（Ｓ３０３） （Ｓ３０１）で求められたマーカー位置に応じて、ローカルホストサーバ１０２により上記（Ｓ２０６）で送信された患者の皮膚被ばく分布や術者の水晶体被ばく量のデータに基づいた被ばく量の可視化表示が行われる。具体的には、例えば、図２に示すように、ヘッドマウントディスプレイ１０４では、シースルー画像、または撮像画像表示よって、ベッド２０１、Ｘ線装置１０３の保持装置２０２、患者２０３、および術者２０４が視認されるとともに、上記患者２０３の像や術者の像に重畳させて、患者の皮膚被ばく分布や術者の水晶体被ばく量を示す例えば色分け表示や濃淡表示などがなされ、放射線量の３次元的な可視化表示がなされる。具体的には、例えば、患者２０３の体の表面位置に皮膚線量に応じた色の線量マーク２０３’が表示される。また、術者２０４の目の位置に水晶体線量に応じた色の線量マーク２０４’が表示されたり、表示画面の隅に水晶体線量の数値が表示されたりする。 (S303) Visualization of the exposure dose based on the patient's skin exposure distribution and the operator's crystalline lens exposure dose data transmitted in (S206) by the local host server 102 according to the marker position obtained in (S301). The display is done. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, in the head-mounted display 104, the bed 201, the holding device 202 of the X-ray device 103, the patient 203, and the operator 204 are visually recognized by the see-through image or the captured image display. At the same time, by superimposing it on the image of the patient 203 and the image of the operator, for example, a color-coded display or a shading display showing the skin exposure distribution of the patient and the crystal body exposure amount of the operator is made, and the radiation dose is three-dimensional. A visualized display is made. Specifically, for example, a dose mark 203'in a color corresponding to the skin dose is displayed on the surface position of the body of the patient 203. In addition, a dose mark 204'in a color corresponding to the crystalline lens dose is displayed at the eye position of the operator 204, or a numerical value of the crystalline lens dose is displayed in the corner of the display screen.

上記のように、ヘッドマウントディスプレイ１０４によるシースルー画像や撮像実画像などと重畳させて放射線量の表示がなされることにより、実質的なリアルタイムで被ばく量を容易に把握可能にすることができる。 As described above, the radiation dose is displayed by superimposing it on the see-through image or the captured actual image by the head-mounted display 104, so that the exposure dose can be easily grasped in a substantially real time.

しかも、比較的計算負荷の小さい患者皮膚被ばくをローカルホストサーバ１０２によって求めることにより、実質的にリアルタイムな表示を可能にできる一方、比較的計算負荷の大きい検査室の空間線量は、あらかじめクラウドコンピュータ１０１によって算出し、環境条件に応じて呼び出すことによって、やはり、実質的にリアルタイムな表示を可能にできる。なお、検査室の空間線量を求めるためには、クラウドコンピュータ１０１を用いるのに限らず、例えば所定の処理能力を有するワークステーションなどのコンピュータが用いられてもよく、配置場所も遠隔やローカルなどでもよい。 Moreover, by obtaining the patient skin exposure with a relatively small calculation load by the local host server 102, it is possible to display in substantially real time, while the air dose in the laboratory having a relatively large calculation load is determined in advance by the cloud computer 101. By calculating according to the above and calling it according to the environmental conditions, it is possible to display in substantially real time. In addition, in order to obtain the air dose in the examination room, the cloud computer 101 is not limited to be used, and for example, a computer such as a workstation having a predetermined processing capacity may be used, and the location may be remote or local. good.

また、上記のような空間線量のモンテカルロ計算によって空間線量が求められるので、環境条件ごとに空間線量分布の計測を行うことなく、多様な環境条件での表示を容易に行うことができる。 Further, since the air dose is obtained by the Monte Carlo calculation of the air dose as described above, it is possible to easily display under various environmental conditions without measuring the air dose distribution for each environmental condition.

１０１ クラウドコンピュータ
１０２ ローカルホストサーバ
１０３ Ｘ線装置
１０４ ヘッドマウントディスプレイ
２０１ ベッド
２０２ 保持装置
２０３ 患者
２０３’ 線量マーク
２０４ 術者
２０４’ 線量マーク

101 Cloud Computer 102 Local Host Server 103 X-ray Device 104 Head Mounted Display 201 Bed 202 Holding Device 203 Patient 203'Dose Mark 204 Operator 204'Dose Mark

Claims (4)

シースルー画像またはそれに対応して表示される撮像画像である実画像と重畳させて、被ばく量を示す画像を表示する放射線量可視化装置であって、
上記実画像を視認可能なヘッドマウントディスプレイと、
あらかじめ、複数のＸ線照射の環境条件に対応して算出された空間線量分布データのうち、Ｘ線照射時の環境条件に対応する空間線量分布データを読み出し、術者の水晶体位置に応じた水晶体線量を求めて、上記水晶体線量に応じた画像を上記実画像と重畳させて上記ヘッドマウントディスプレイに表示させる処理部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする放射線量可視化装置。 A radiation dose visualization device that displays an image showing the amount of exposure by superimposing it on a see-through image or a real image that is a captured image displayed correspondingly.
With a head-mounted display that allows you to see the actual image above,
Of the air dose distribution data calculated in advance corresponding to the environmental conditions of multiple X-ray irradiation, the air dose distribution data corresponding to the environmental conditions at the time of X-ray irradiation is read out, and the crystalline lens corresponding to the position of the crystalline lens of the operator. A processing unit that obtains a dose, superimposes an image corresponding to the crystalline lens dose on the actual image, and displays it on the head-mounted display.
A radiation dose visualization device characterized by being equipped with. 請求項１の放射線量可視化装置であって、
上記ヘッドマウントディスプレイはカメラを備え、撮像された画像に基づいて、上記術者の水晶体位置を求め、
上記処理部は、上記求められた術者の水晶体位置に基づいて、術者の水晶体位置に応じた水晶体被線量を求めることを特徴とする放射線量可視化装置。 The radiation amount visualization device according to claim 1.
The head-mounted display is equipped with a camera, and the position of the crystalline lens of the operator is obtained based on the captured image.
The processing unit is a radiation amount visualization device characterized in that the lens dose according to the position of the operator's lens is obtained based on the position of the lens of the operator obtained. 請求項１から請求項２のうち何れか１項の放射線量可視化装置であって、
上記処理部は、さらに、上記Ｘ線照射時の環境条件に基づいて、モンテカルロ計算により被験者の皮膚での累積皮膚線量を求め、上記被験者の皮膚での累積皮膚線量に応じた画像を上記実画像と重畳させて上記ヘッドマウントディスプレイに表示させることを特徴とする放射線量可視化装置。 The radiation amount visualization device according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
The processing unit further obtains the cumulative skin dose on the subject's skin by Monte Carlo calculation based on the environmental conditions at the time of the X-ray irradiation, and obtains an image corresponding to the cumulative skin dose on the subject's skin as the actual image. A radiation amount visualization device characterized by superimposing and displaying on the head-mounted display. 請求項３の放射線量可視化装置であって、
上記処理部は、さらに、あらかじめ上記被験者について求められたＣＴデータに基づいて、上記モンテカルロ計算による被験者の皮膚での累積皮膚線量を求めることを特徴とする放射線量可視化装置。


The radiation amount visualization device according to claim 3.
The processing unit is a radiation dose visualization device that further obtains the cumulative skin dose on the skin of the subject by the Monte Carlo calculation based on the CT data obtained in advance for the subject.
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