JP2021143902A - Abnormality detection device for conveyor chute and abnormality detection method for conveyor chute using device - Google Patents

Abnormality detection device for conveyor chute and abnormality detection method for conveyor chute using device Download PDF

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JP2021143902A
JP2021143902A JP2020041972A JP2020041972A JP2021143902A JP 2021143902 A JP2021143902 A JP 2021143902A JP 2020041972 A JP2020041972 A JP 2020041972A JP 2020041972 A JP2020041972 A JP 2020041972A JP 2021143902 A JP2021143902 A JP 2021143902A
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abnormality
chute
conveyor chute
conveyor
sound pressure
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JP7322758B2 (en
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雄亮 石垣
Takesuke Ishigaki
雄亮 石垣
吉弘 明智
Yoshihiro Akechi
吉弘 明智
慶晃 西名
Yoshiaki Nishina
慶晃 西名
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

To propose an abnormality detection device effective for monitoring of a transportation facility of raw material composed of granules such as iron ore and coal, especially for abnormality monitoring of a conveyor chute used in a transfer unit of the belt conveyor, and an abnormality detection method for the conveyor chute using the device.SOLUTION: An abnormality detection device for detecting an existence of an abnormality in a conveyor chute arranged in a transfer unit of the belt conveyor for transporting iron manufacture raw material includes: at least one sensor for detecting acoustic pressure inside a conveyor chute; a data collection unit for collecting detection signals detected by the sensor; a data operation unit for deriving the acoustic pressure level of each frequency component in time waveform cut out from the data collected at the data collection unit; and an abnormality determination unit for determining existence of the abnormality in the conveyor chute based on the acoustic pressure derived at the data operation unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、鉄鉱石や焼結鉱、石炭、コークス等の製鉄原料を搬送するベルトコンベアの乗継ぎ部に配置されるコンベアシュートのシュート詰まり等の異常を検知するのに有用な異常検知装置およびその装置を用いたコンベアシュートの異常検知方法に関するものである。 The present invention provides an abnormality detection device useful for detecting an abnormality such as a chute clogging of a conveyor chute arranged at a connecting portion of a belt conveyor that conveys iron ore, sintered ore, coal, coke, and other iron-making raw materials. The present invention relates to a method for detecting an abnormality in a conveyor chute using the device.

製鉄プロセスで必要となる主原料の鉄鉱石、石炭や副原料の石灰石等は、原料ヤードに貯蔵され、必要に応じて焼結工場、コークス工場、高炉等の次工程に供給される。 Iron ore as the main raw material, coal, limestone as the auxiliary raw material, etc. required in the steelmaking process are stored in the raw material yard and supplied to the next process such as a sintering factory, a coke factory, and a blast furnace as needed.

原料の搬送は、基本的にはベルトコンベアによって行われ、各ベルトコンベアの乗継ぎは、上流側のコンベアから下流側のコンベアに原料を落下させるコンベアシュートが使用されている。ところで、かかるコンベアシュートでは、搬送する原料の付着性や水分量によってはシュート内部に原料の一部が付着、堆積し、それが成長することで閉塞に至るシュート詰まりが引き起こされることがあった。 Raw materials are basically transported by belt conveyors, and each belt conveyor uses a conveyor chute that drops raw materials from an upstream conveyor to a downstream conveyor. By the way, in such a conveyor chute, a part of the raw material adheres and accumulates inside the chute depending on the adhesiveness and the amount of water of the raw material to be transported, and the growth of the raw material may cause chute clogging leading to clogging.

コンベアシュートのシュート詰まりが起きると、原料の送給ができなくなるため生産機会の損失を伴うことになるうえ、コンベアシュート内部に位置するベルトやプーリが損傷を受け、その復旧のための時間やコストがかかるのが避けられない不具合がある。また、コンベアシュートが完全に閉塞していない状態であっても、シュート内部に原料の一部が付着、堆積することによって下流側のベルトコンベアで原料の偏りが生じ、ベルトの蛇行や原料こぼれ等のトラブルの原因になることから、コンベアシュートの異常は、早期に検知することが求められている。 If the conveyor chute is clogged, raw materials cannot be fed, resulting in loss of production opportunities. In addition, the belts and pulleys located inside the conveyor chute are damaged, and the time and cost for recovery are lost. There is an unavoidable problem that it takes. Even if the conveyor chute is not completely blocked, a part of the raw material adheres to and accumulates inside the chute, causing the raw material to be biased on the downstream belt conveyor, causing the belt to meander and the raw material to spill. Since it causes troubles, it is required to detect an abnormality of the conveyor chute at an early stage.

コンベアシュートの異常を検知する従来技術として、例えば、特許文献1には、シュートの筒体に歪ゲージを貼設し、シュート内部で搬送物が滞留することによるシュートの変形を検出するベルトコンベア用シュートが提案されている。 As a conventional technique for detecting an abnormality in a conveyor chute, for example, in Patent Document 1, a strain gauge is attached to the cylinder of the chute, and for a belt conveyor that detects deformation of the chute due to the retention of a conveyed object inside the chute. A shoot has been proposed.

また、特許文献2には、シュート本体とシュート取付台との間でロードセルを挟持し、このロードセルによりシュート内に堆積した搬送物の重量を検出して詰まりを検知するベルトコンベヤ用シュートが提案されている。 Further, Patent Document 2 proposes a chute for a belt conveyor in which a load cell is sandwiched between a chute main body and a chute mount, and the load cell detects the weight of a transported object deposited in the chute to detect clogging. ing.

しかしながら、特許文献1に提案されているベルトコンベア用シュートは、シュートの構造に応じて複数のセンサを設置しなければコンベアシュートの異常を検知するのが難しく、設備ごとにセンサの位置を細かく検討しなければならない不具合がある。また、特許文献2のベルトコンベヤ用シュートにおいては、既存の設備に適用するには大掛かりな工事が必要であり、これにかかるコストの上昇が避けられないものであった。 However, in the belt conveyor chute proposed in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to detect an abnormality of the conveyor chute unless a plurality of sensors are installed according to the structure of the chute, and the positions of the sensors are examined in detail for each equipment. There is a problem that must be done. Further, the belt conveyor chute of Patent Document 2 requires a large-scale construction to be applied to the existing equipment, and the cost increase for this is unavoidable.

特開2003−212321号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-212321 特開2005−96939号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-96939

本発明の課題は、比較的簡単の構造でもって早期のうちにシュートの異常を検知することができ、かつ、既存の設備に対しても容易に導入可能なコンベアシュートの異常検知装置およびその装置を用いたコンベアシュートの異常検知方法を提案するところにある。 An object of the present invention is an abnormality detection device for a conveyor chute, which can detect an abnormality of a chute at an early stage with a relatively simple structure and can be easily introduced into existing equipment, and a device thereof. We are proposing a method for detecting abnormalities in the conveyor chute using the above.

本発明は、ベルトコンベアの乗継ぎ部に配置されるコンベアシュートの異常を検知する異常検知装置であって、コンベアシュート内の音圧を検出する少なくとも1つのセンサと、該センサにて検出された検出信号を収集するデータ収集部と、該データ収集部で収集されたデータから切り出された時間波形の各周波数成分の音圧レベルを求めるデータ演算部と、該データ演算部で求められた音圧レベルに基づいてコンベアシュートの異常の有無を判定する異常判定部とを具備することを特徴とするコンベアシュートの異常検知装置である。 The present invention is an abnormality detecting device for detecting an abnormality of a conveyor chute arranged at a connecting portion of a belt conveyor, and is detected by at least one sensor for detecting the sound pressure in the conveyor chute and the sensor. A data collection unit that collects detection signals, a data calculation unit that obtains the sound pressure level of each frequency component of the time waveform cut out from the data collected by the data collection unit, and a sound pressure obtained by the data calculation unit. The conveyor chute abnormality detection device is provided with an abnormality determination unit for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in the conveyor chute based on the level.

上記の構成からなるコンベアシュートの異常検知装置において、異常の有無は、500〜1500Hzの周波数範囲の音圧レベルで判定すること、が課題解決のための具体的手段として好ましい。 In the conveyor chute abnormality detection device having the above configuration, it is preferable to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality based on the sound pressure level in the frequency range of 500 to 1500 Hz as a specific means for solving the problem.

また、本発明は、上記の構成からなる装置を用いてコンベアシュートの異常を検知する方法において、少なくとも1つのセンサにてコンベアシュート内の音圧を検出するとともに検出されたデータを収集し、収集されたデータから一定の時間幅で該データの時間波形を切り出しその時間波形を周波数解析して各周波数成分の音圧レベルを求め、その求められた音圧レベルと予め設定された閾値とを比較することによりシュートの異常の有無を判定することを特徴とするコンベアシュートの異常検知方法であり、予め設定された閾値との比較は、500〜1500Hzの周波数範囲の音圧レベルで行うのが好ましい。 Further, according to the present invention, in a method of detecting an abnormality of a conveyor chute using an apparatus having the above configuration, at least one sensor detects the sound pressure in the conveyor chute and collects and collects the detected data. The time waveform of the data is cut out from the obtained data with a certain time width, the time waveform is frequency-analyzed to obtain the sound pressure level of each frequency component, and the obtained sound pressure level is compared with a preset threshold value. This is a method for detecting an abnormality in a conveyor chute, which is characterized in that the presence or absence of an abnormality in the chute is determined by the above, and comparison with a preset threshold value is preferably performed at a sound pressure level in the frequency range of 500 to 1500 Hz. ..

本発明によれば、コンベアシュート内での原料の付着状況を早期に検知することが可能であるため、設備トラブルが発生する前に清掃作業等の効果的な対策をとることができ、シュート詰まり等に起因した損失を回避し得る。 According to the present invention, since it is possible to detect the adhesion state of the raw material in the conveyor chute at an early stage, it is possible to take effective measures such as cleaning work before equipment trouble occurs, and the chute is clogged. It is possible to avoid the loss caused by the above.

また、本発明によれば、コンベアシュートの異常を検知するに当たっては、少なくとも1つのセンサで対応することが可能であり、既存の設備についても簡単に導入することができる。 Further, according to the present invention, at least one sensor can be used to detect an abnormality in the conveyor chute, and existing equipment can be easily introduced.

本発明にしたがう異常知装置の実施の形態を模式的に示した図(断面表示)である。It is a figure (cross-sectional view) which shows typically the embodiment of the anomaly detection apparatus according to this invention. 本発明にしたがう異常検知装置のデータ絵残部におけるデータ処理の構成を示したフロー図である。It is a flow chart which showed the structure of the data processing in the data picture remaining part of the abnormality detection apparatus according to this invention. シュート詰まりが有る場合と無い場合について音圧の周波数解析結果を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the frequency analysis result of the sound pressure with and without the shoot clogging.

以下、図面を参照して本発明をより具体的に説明する。
図1は、上流側のベルトコンベアと下流側のベルトコンベアとの乗継ぎ部に設置されたコンベアシュートに本発明にしたがう異常検知装置を適用した例を断面で表示した図である。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which an abnormality detection device according to the present invention is applied to a conveyor chute installed at a connecting portion between a belt conveyor on the upstream side and a belt conveyor on the downstream side.

図1における符号1は、上流側のベルトコンベア、2は、下流側のベルトコンベア、3は、上流側のベルトコンベア1と下流側のベルトコンベア2の乗継ぎ部に配置されたコンベアシュートである。 Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 is an upstream belt conveyor, 2 is a downstream belt conveyor, and 3 is a conveyor chute arranged at a connecting portion between the upstream belt conveyor 1 and the downstream belt conveyor 2. ..

コンベアシュート3は、上流側のベルトコンベア1にて搬送された製鉄原料gを投入する投入口3aと、この投入口3aより投入された製鉄原料gを下流側のベルトコンベア2に供給する排出口3bと、投入口3a、排出口3bを残して内側に閉空間Mを区画形成する隔壁3cとを備えたもので構成されている。 The conveyor chute 3 has an input port 3a for charging the iron-making raw material g conveyed by the belt conveyor 1 on the upstream side and a discharge port for supplying the steel-making raw material g input from the input port 3a to the belt conveyor 2 on the downstream side. It is composed of 3b and a partition wall 3c for partitioning a closed space M inside while leaving an inlet 3a and an outlet 3b.

隔壁3cとしては、上流側のベルトコンベア1の対向面に位置する正面壁3c1と、この正面壁3c1に対面する対面壁3c2と、該正面壁3c1および該対面壁3c2の相互間に位置する一対の側面壁3c3と、該正面壁3c1、対面壁3c2、側面壁3c3の上端部に位置する天面壁3c4からなるものを例として示したが、本発明は、図示のものに限定されることはない。投入口3aは、対面壁3c2に開口部を設けることによって形成することができ、排出口3bは、正面壁3c1、対面壁3c2、側面壁3c3との組み合わせでその下端部に形成される開放部とすることができる。 The partition walls 3c include a front wall 3c1 located on the facing surface of the belt conveyor 1 on the upstream side, a facing wall 3c2 facing the front wall 3c1, and a pair located between the front wall 3c1 and the facing wall 3c2. As an example, the side wall 3c3, the front wall 3c1, the facing wall 3c2, and the top wall 3c4 located at the upper end of the side wall 3c3 are shown, but the present invention is not limited to the one shown in the drawing. No. The input port 3a can be formed by providing an opening in the facing wall 3c2, and the discharge port 3b is an open portion formed at the lower end thereof in combination with the front wall 3c1, the facing wall 3c2, and the side wall 3c3. Can be.

また、符号4は、シュート詰まり等の異常を検知する異常検知装置である。異常検知装置4は、シュート3内の音圧を計測する、例えばマイクロホン等のセンサ4aと、該センサ4aにて検出された検出信号を収集するデータ収集部4bと、該データ収集部4bで収集されたデータから切り出された時間波形の各周波数成分の音圧レベルを求めるデータ演算部4cと、該データ演算部4cで求められた音圧レベルに基づいてコンベアシュートの異常の有無を判定する異常判定部4dとで構成される。 Further, reference numeral 4 is an abnormality detecting device for detecting an abnormality such as a chute clogging. The abnormality detection device 4 measures the sound pressure in the chute 3, for example, a sensor 4a such as a microphone, a data collection unit 4b that collects a detection signal detected by the sensor 4a, and a data collection unit 4b. The data calculation unit 4c that obtains the sound pressure level of each frequency component of the time waveform cut out from the data, and the abnormality that determines the presence or absence of an abnormality in the conveyor chute based on the sound pressure level obtained by the data calculation unit 4c. It is composed of a determination unit 4d.

センサ4aは、搬送された原料gが飛散した際の影響が及ばないように隔壁3cのとくに正面壁3c1の上端部に設けるのが望ましく、また、シュート3内の平均的な音圧を計測するため、無指向性のマイクロホンを適用するのが好ましい。 It is desirable that the sensor 4a is provided at the upper end of the partition wall 3c, particularly the front wall 3c1 so as not to be affected when the conveyed raw material g is scattered, and the average sound pressure in the chute 3 is measured. Therefore, it is preferable to apply an omnidirectional microphone.

本発明にしたがう異常検知装置4のデータ演算部4cは、センサ4aにて検出されたデータから一定の時間幅で該データの時間波形を切り出すとともに切り出された時間波形を周波数解析して各周波数成分の音圧レベルを求め、その求められた音圧レベルに基づいてシュート詰まり等の異常の有無を異常判定部4dで判定するものである。 According to the present invention, the data calculation unit 4c of the abnormality detection device 4 cuts out the time waveform of the data with a certain time width from the data detected by the sensor 4a, and frequency-analyzes the cut out time waveform to analyze each frequency component. The sound pressure level of the above is obtained, and the presence or absence of an abnormality such as shoot clogging is determined by the abnormality determination unit 4d based on the obtained sound pressure level.

シュート詰まりの有無を判定するには、予め閾値を設定しておき、その値より大きいか小さいかで判定するか、原料の堆積レベル、例えば、堆積物の堆積の程度を表す値として事前に、詰まり無し、詰まり小、詰まり大の3段階に設定しておき、そのいずれかで判定することができ、判定結果は、ディスプレイに表示するか、アラーム音を発するようにするか、あるいは、電子メールの送信等、任意の方法により工場の担当者に知らせればよい。図2に、テータ演算部4cおよび異常判定部4dにおけるデータ処理の構成をフロー図で示す。 In order to determine the presence or absence of shoot clogging, a threshold value is set in advance and it is determined whether it is larger or smaller than that value, or as a value indicating the deposition level of the raw material, for example, the degree of deposition of deposits, in advance. It can be judged by setting it to three stages of no clogging, small clogging, and large clogging, and the judgment result can be displayed on the display, emit an alarm sound, or e-mail. The person in charge of the factory may be notified by any method such as sending. FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the configuration of data processing in the data calculation unit 4c and the abnormality determination unit 4d.

図3は、シュート詰まりが有る場合と無い場合について、音圧の周波数解析結果を示した図である。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the results of frequency analysis of sound pressure with and without shoot clogging.

本発明では、コンベアシュートの異常の有無を、500〜1500Hzの周波数範囲の音圧レベルで判定するのが好ましいとしたが、その理由は、図3から明らかなように、シュート詰まりが無い場合は、シュート詰まりが有る場合に比べて500〜1500Hzの周波数範囲においてピークの鋭い卓越した周波成分の音が発生しているのに対してシュートが詰まった場合には、そのピークが小さくなっていてシュート詰まりが無い場合の特徴的な音が吸収されているのが明らかであって、この500〜1500Hzの範囲の周波数成分の音圧レベルの大小でコンベアシュート3内の原料の堆積状態を推定することができるからである。なお、シュート詰まりが有る場合において音圧レベルが小さくなるのは、コンベアシュート3内に付着した原料の堆積物が音を吸収する作用をもたらしているからであると考えられる。 In the present invention, it is preferable to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality in the conveyor chute based on the sound pressure level in the frequency range of 500 to 1500 Hz. In the frequency range of 500 to 1500 Hz, the sound of the outstanding frequency component with a sharp peak is generated compared to the case where the chute is clogged, whereas when the chute is clogged, the peak is smaller and the chute is shot. It is clear that the characteristic sound when there is no clogging is absorbed, and the deposition state of the raw material in the conveyor chute 3 is estimated from the magnitude of the sound pressure level of the frequency component in the range of 500 to 1500 Hz. Because it can be done. It is considered that the sound pressure level becomes small when the chute is clogged because the deposit of the raw material adhering to the inside of the conveyor chute 3 has an action of absorbing sound.

本発明にしたがう異常検知装置は、搬送状況に応じた閾値を予め複数設定しておき、その閾値に合わせた検知を行うことでシュート詰まりだけでなく、原料の堆積レベルを判定することが可能あり、トラブルの発生前に適切な対策をとることができ、生産性の低下、設備故障を未然に防止し得る。 According to the present invention, the abnormality detection device can determine not only shoot clogging but also the deposition level of raw materials by setting a plurality of threshold values in advance according to the transport situation and performing detection according to the threshold values. Appropriate measures can be taken before trouble occurs, and productivity reduction and equipment failure can be prevented.

上掲図1に示した構成からなるコンベアシュート(容量11m)をベルトコンベアの乗継ぎ部に配置して、搬送原料として鉄鉱石を搬送(搬送速度1〜2m/s)するに当たり、その搬送中において、コンベアシュートでの異常の有無の判定する調査を行った。 A conveyor chute (capacity 11 m 3 ) having the configuration shown in FIG. Among them, a survey was conducted to determine the presence or absence of abnormalities in the conveyor chute.

なお、この調査では、コンベアシュートの異常の有無を判定する閾値として周波数が650Hzの音圧レベルに着目し、搬送原料の堆積レベル(高さ)が0mmから600mmに変化したときの音圧レベルの差に相当する7dBの変化を閾値に設定し、異常検知装置により得られた音圧レベルがその閾値を超えて減少した時点でアラームを発するようにした。 In this survey, we focused on the sound pressure level with a frequency of 650 Hz as a threshold value for determining the presence or absence of abnormalities in the conveyor chute, and the sound pressure level when the deposition level (height) of the conveyed raw material changed from 0 mm to 600 mm. A change of 7 dB corresponding to the difference was set as a threshold value, and an alarm was issued when the sound pressure level obtained by the abnormality detection device decreased beyond the threshold value.

その結果、シュート内の搬送物の堆積レベルが閾値を超えたところでアラームが発せられ、コンベアシュート内の搬送原料の堆積状況をほぼ正確に把握することが可能となり、本発明にしたがう異常検知装置、方法による異常検知が有効であることが確認された。 As a result, an alarm is issued when the deposition level of the transported material in the chute exceeds the threshold value, and it becomes possible to grasp the deposition status of the transported raw material in the conveyor chute almost accurately. It was confirmed that abnormality detection by the method is effective.

本発明によれば、鉄鉱石や石炭等の粉粒体からなる原料の輸送設備の監視、とくに、ベルトコンベアの乗継ぎ部に用いられるコンベアシュートの異常監視に有用な検知装置および異常検知方法が提供できる。 According to the present invention, a detection device and an abnormality detection method useful for monitoring a transportation facility for a raw material made of powder or granular material such as iron ore or coal, particularly for an abnormality monitoring of a conveyor chute used at a connecting portion of a belt conveyor are provided. Can be provided.

1 上流側のベルトコンベア
2 下流側のベルトコンベア
3 コンベアシュート
3a 投入口
3b 排出口
3c 隔壁
3c1 正面壁
3c2 対面壁
3c3 側面壁
3c4 天面壁
4 異常検知装置
4a センサ
4b データ収集部
4c データ演算部
4d 異常判定部
1 Upstream belt conveyor 2 Downstream belt conveyor 3 Conveyor chute 3a Input port 3b Discharge port 3c Partition 3c1 Front wall 3c2 Facing wall 3c3 Side wall 3c4 Top wall 4 Abnormality detection device 4a Sensor 4b Data collection unit 4c Data calculation unit 4d Abnormality judgment unit

Claims (4)

ベルトコンベアの乗継ぎ部に配置されるコンベアシュートの異常を検知する異常検知装置であって、
コンベアシュート内の音圧を検出する少なくとも1つのセンサと、該センサにて検出された検出信号を収集するデータ収集部と、該データ収集部で収集されたデータから切り出された時間波形の各周波数成分の音圧レベルを求めるデータ演算部と、該データ演算部で求められた音圧レベルに基づいてコンベアシュートの異常の有無を判定する異常判定部とを具備することを特徴とするコンベアシュートの異常検知装置。
An abnormality detection device that detects abnormalities in the conveyor chute placed at the connecting part of the belt conveyor.
At least one sensor that detects the sound pressure in the conveyor chute, a data collection unit that collects the detection signal detected by the sensor, and each frequency of the time waveform cut out from the data collected by the data collection unit. A conveyor chute characterized by comprising a data calculation unit for obtaining the sound pressure level of a component and an abnormality determination unit for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in the conveyor chute based on the sound pressure level obtained by the data calculation unit. Abnormality detection device.
シュートの異常の有無を、500〜1500Hzの周波数範囲の音圧レベルで異常判定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載したコンベアシュートの異常検知装置。 The conveyor chute abnormality detection device according to claim 1, wherein the presence or absence of a chute abnormality is determined by a sound pressure level in the frequency range of 500 to 1500 Hz. 請求項1に記載した装置を用いてコンベアシュートの異常を検知する方法において、
少なくとも1つのセンサにてコンベアシュート内の音圧を検出するとともに検出されたデータを収集し、収集されたデータから一定の時間幅で該データの時間波形を切り出しその時間波形を周波数解析して各周波数成分の音圧レベルを求め、その求められた音圧レベルと予め設定された閾値とを比較することによりシュートの異常の有無を判定することを特徴とするコンベアシュートの異常検知方法。
In the method for detecting an abnormality in a conveyor chute using the apparatus according to claim 1.
At least one sensor detects the sound pressure in the conveyor chute, collects the detected data, cuts out the time waveform of the data with a certain time width from the collected data, and frequency-analyzes the time waveform. A method for detecting an abnormality in a conveyor chute, which comprises obtaining a sound pressure level of a frequency component and comparing the obtained sound pressure level with a preset threshold value to determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the chute.
予め設定された閾値との比較を、500〜1500Hzの周波数範囲の音圧レベルで行うことを特徴とする請求項3に記載したコンベアシュートの異常検知方法。 The method for detecting an abnormality in a conveyor chute according to claim 3, wherein the comparison with a preset threshold value is performed at a sound pressure level in the frequency range of 500 to 1500 Hz.
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