JP2021138888A - Vibration damping material - Google Patents
Vibration damping material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021138888A JP2021138888A JP2020039691A JP2020039691A JP2021138888A JP 2021138888 A JP2021138888 A JP 2021138888A JP 2020039691 A JP2020039691 A JP 2020039691A JP 2020039691 A JP2020039691 A JP 2020039691A JP 2021138888 A JP2021138888 A JP 2021138888A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- vibration damping
- damping material
- cnf
- resin
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 dicyandiamides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100323621 Drosophila melanogaster Drip gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007670 carcinogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000260 carcinogenicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003484 crystal nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009787 hand lay-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940042795 hydrazides for tuberculosis treatment Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、振動減衰材に関する。 The present invention relates to a vibration damping material.
比強度及び比剛性に優れたＣＦＲＰは、航空宇宙，スポーツやレジャー用途自動車をはじめとする様々な分野への使用が拡大している。一方、その振動減衰性は、損失係数ηが０．００１〜０．００５であり、金属部材の０．００２〜０．００６と同程度で振動減衰性に乏しい。そのため、用途や使用態様によっては、振動の影響を受けて機器の誤作動や故障といった種々の弊害が生じることがあった。 CFRP, which has excellent specific strength and specific rigidity, is being widely used in various fields such as aerospace, sports and leisure vehicles. On the other hand, the vibration damping property has a loss coefficient η of 0.001 to 0.005, which is about the same as 0.002 to 0.006 of the metal member, and is poor in vibration damping property. Therefore, depending on the application and the mode of use, various adverse effects such as malfunction or failure of the device may occur due to the influence of vibration.
振動減衰性を向上させるため、例えば、特許文献１では、複数の連続した炭素繊維が配列した炭素繊維束と、その表面に付着したカーボンナノチューブとを備え、所定の弾性率を有する炭素繊維強化成形体が提案されている。 In order to improve vibration damping, for example, in Patent Document 1, carbon fiber reinforced molding having a carbon fiber bundle in which a plurality of continuous carbon fibers are arranged and carbon nanotubes adhering to the surface thereof and having a predetermined elastic coefficient is provided. The body is proposed.
しかし、特許文献１で使用されるカーボンナノチューブは、発がん性が報告されておりその取扱いにおいて課題があるため、あまり実用的であるとはいえない。 However, the carbon nanotubes used in Patent Document 1 are not very practical because they have been reported to have carcinogenicity and have problems in their handling.
以上から、本発明は上記に鑑みなされたものであり、優れた振動減衰性を発揮する実用的な振動減衰材を提供することを目的とする。 From the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a practical vibration damping material exhibiting excellent vibration damping properties.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討したところ、特定の平均繊維長のセルロースナノファイバーを振動減衰材中に含有させることで当該課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成した。すなわち、本発明は、下記のとおりである。
［１］ セルロースナノファイバーと炭素繊維とマトリックス樹脂とを含み、前記セルロースナノファイバーの平均繊維長が３０〜１００μｍである振動減衰材。
［２］ 前記マトリックス樹脂１００質量部に対して、前記セルロースナノファイバーを０．０５〜１質量部含む［１］に記載の振動減衰材。
［３］ 前記マトリックス樹脂を形成するの樹脂が熱硬化性樹脂である［１］又は［２］に記載の振動減衰材。
［４］ 前記炭素繊維の繊維体積含有率（Ｖｆ）は、３０〜６０％である［１］〜［３］のいずれかに記載の振動減衰材。
［５］ 損失係数ηが０．０１５超である［１］〜［４］のいずれかに記載の振動減衰材。
As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the problems can be solved by incorporating cellulose nanofibers having a specific average fiber length in the vibration damping material, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] A vibration damping material containing cellulose nanofibers, carbon fibers, and a matrix resin, wherein the average fiber length of the cellulose nanofibers is 30 to 100 μm.
[2] The vibration damping material according to [1], which contains 0.05 to 1 part by mass of the cellulose nanofibers with respect to 100 parts by mass of the matrix resin.
[3] The vibration damping material according to [1] or [2], wherein the resin forming the matrix resin is a thermosetting resin.
[4] The vibration damping material according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the carbon fiber has a fiber volume content (Vf) of 30 to 60%.
[5] The vibration damping material according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the loss coefficient η is more than 0.015.
本発明によれば、優れた振動減衰性を発揮する実用的な振動減衰材を提供することができる。特に、セルロースナノファイバーは植物由来であるため、セルロースナノファイバーを使用した本発明の振動減衰材はカーボンナノチューブ等を用いるよりも安全で環境負荷を小さくすることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a practical vibration damping material exhibiting excellent vibration damping properties. In particular, since the cellulose nanofibers are derived from plants, the vibration damping material of the present invention using the cellulose nanofibers is safer and can reduce the environmental load as compared with the case of using carbon nanotubes or the like.
本発明の実施形態（本実施形態）に係る振動減衰材は、セルロースナノファイバー（以下、「ＣＮＦ」ということがある）と炭素繊維とマトリックス樹脂とを含む。そして、上記ＣＮＦの平均繊維長が３０〜１００μｍとなっている。ＣＮＦの平均繊維長が３０〜１００μｍとなっていることで、ＣＦＲＰよりも優れた振動減衰性を発揮させることができる。この優れた振動減衰性が発揮される理由については、不明な点もあるが、下記のように推察される。すなわち、本発明者らによれば、振動減衰材中のＣＮＦは、その平均繊維長が３０〜１００μｍの範囲にあるとＣＮＦ同士が適度に絡み合った網目状構造が形成されており、この網目状構造が存在する場合に、優れた振動減衰性が確認された。このことから、この適度に絡み合った網目状構造が形成されやすい、平均繊維長が３０〜１００μｍのＣＮＦの存在が優れた振動減衰性を発揮すると推察した。 The vibration damping material according to the embodiment of the present invention (the present embodiment) includes cellulose nanofibers (hereinafter, may be referred to as “CNF”), carbon fibers, and a matrix resin. The average fiber length of the CNF is 30 to 100 μm. Since the average fiber length of CNF is 30 to 100 μm, it is possible to exhibit vibration damping property superior to that of CFRP. The reason why this excellent vibration damping property is exhibited is unclear, but it is presumed as follows. That is, according to the present inventors, when the average fiber length of the CNF in the vibration damping material is in the range of 30 to 100 μm, a network structure in which the CNFs are appropriately entangled with each other is formed. Excellent vibration damping was confirmed in the presence of the structure. From this, it was inferred that the presence of CNF having an average fiber length of 30 to 100 μm, which facilitates the formation of this appropriately entangled network structure, exhibits excellent vibration damping properties.
以下、本実施形態に係る振動減衰材について、具体的に説明する。
（ＣＮＦ）
本実施形態に係るＣＮＦは、既述のとおり、平均繊維長が３０〜１００μｍとなっている。平均繊維長が３０μｍ未満では、適度に絡み合った網目状構造が形成されづらいことが確認されており、そのため、優れた振動減衰性が得られにくい。また、平均繊維長が１００μｍを超えると、ＣＮＦの分散性が低下することがある。
Hereinafter, the vibration damping material according to the present embodiment will be specifically described.
(CNF)
As described above, the CNF according to the present embodiment has an average fiber length of 30 to 100 μm. It has been confirmed that when the average fiber length is less than 30 μm, it is difficult to form an appropriately entangled network structure, and therefore, it is difficult to obtain excellent vibration damping properties. Further, if the average fiber length exceeds 100 μm, the dispersibility of CNF may decrease.
平均繊維長は、４０〜９０μｍであることが好ましく、５０〜８０μｍであることがより好ましい。当該平均繊維長は、電子顕微鏡写真から複数の繊維（通常１０本以上）の長さを測定し、その平均を計算することにより算出することができる。 The average fiber length is preferably 40 to 90 μm, more preferably 50 to 80 μm. The average fiber length can be calculated by measuring the lengths of a plurality of fibers (usually 10 or more) from an electron micrograph and calculating the average.
本実施形態に係るＣＮＦの平均径は、１〜１００ｎｍ程度であることが好ましく、２〜７０ｎｍであることが好ましい。ＣＮＦの平均径（幅）は、電子顕微鏡写真により複数の繊維（通常１０本以上）の直径を測定し、その平均を計算することにより算出することができる。 The average diameter of the CNF according to the present embodiment is preferably about 1 to 100 nm, preferably 2 to 70 nm. The average diameter (width) of CNF can be calculated by measuring the diameters of a plurality of fibers (usually 10 or more) by electron micrographs and calculating the average.
ＣＮＦとなるセルロース原料は、リグニンやヘミセルロースを除去した結晶セルロースが好ましい。ＣＮＦは、特開２０１２−０５１９９１等の公知の方法により製造してもよいし、市販のものを入手してもよい。 The cellulose raw material used as CNF is preferably crystalline cellulose from which lignin and hemicellulose have been removed. CNF may be produced by a known method such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-051991, or a commercially available product may be obtained.
振動減衰材中のＣＮＦの含有量は、マトリックス樹脂１００質量部に対して０．０５〜１質量部であることが好ましく、０．０７〜０．４５質量部であることがより好ましく、０．０７〜０．４質量部であることがさらに好ましい。含有量が０．０５〜１質量部であることで、適度に絡み合った網目状構造をより良好に形成することができる。 The content of CNF in the vibration damping material is preferably 0.05 to 1 part by mass, more preferably 0.07 to 0.45 parts by mass, and 0. It is more preferably 07 to 0.4 parts by mass. When the content is 0.05 to 1 part by mass, an appropriately entangled network structure can be better formed.
（炭素繊維）
本実施形態に係る炭素繊維としては、ＰＡＮ系炭素繊維、ピッチ系炭素繊維、セルロース系炭素繊維、気相成長系炭素繊維、これらの黒鉛化繊維などが挙げられ、コストと取扱い性の観点から、ＰＡＮ系またはピッチ系の炭素繊維が好ましい。
(Carbon fiber)
Examples of the carbon fibers according to the present embodiment include PAN-based carbon fibers, pitch-based carbon fibers, cellulose-based carbon fibers, vapor-phase growth-based carbon fibers, and graphitized fibers thereof. PAN-based or pitch-based carbon fibers are preferable.
炭素繊維の平均繊維径は１μｍ以上であり、好ましくは１〜１００μｍであり、より好ましくは３〜５０μｍであり、更に好ましくは４〜２０μｍである。平均繊維径がこの範囲であると、加工が容易であり、得られる炭素繊維強化複合材料の弾性率及び強度が優れたものとなる。
また、炭素繊維の繊維長は、特に限定されないが、１ｍｍ〜５０ｍｍであることが好ましい。炭素繊維は、公知の方法により製造してもよいし、市販の炭素繊維を入手してもよい。
The average fiber diameter of the carbon fibers is 1 μm or more, preferably 1 to 100 μm, more preferably 3 to 50 μm, and further preferably 4 to 20 μm. When the average fiber diameter is in this range, the processing is easy, and the elastic modulus and strength of the obtained carbon fiber reinforced composite material are excellent.
The fiber length of the carbon fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 mm to 50 mm. The carbon fiber may be produced by a known method, or a commercially available carbon fiber may be obtained.
炭素繊維の形態としては、例えば、単にモノフィラメント又はマルチフィラメントを一方向または交互の交差するように並べたもの、編織物等の布帛、不織布又はマット等の種々の形態が挙げられる。これらのうち、モノフィラメント、布帛、不織布又はマットの形態が好ましい。 Examples of the form of carbon fibers include those in which monofilaments or multifilaments are simply arranged so as to intersect in one direction or alternately, fabrics such as knitted fabrics, and various forms such as non-woven fabrics or mats. Of these, the form of monofilament, cloth, non-woven fabric or mat is preferable.
振動減衰材中の炭素繊維の繊維体積含有率（Ｖｆ）は、３０〜６０％であることが好ましく、３５〜５５％であることがより好ましい。Ｖｆが上記範囲にあることで、振動減衰性を有しながら、炭素繊維に起因する良好な比強度及び比剛性が得られる。 The fiber volume content (Vf) of the carbon fibers in the vibration damping material is preferably 30 to 60%, more preferably 35 to 55%. When Vf is in the above range, good specific strength and specific rigidity due to carbon fibers can be obtained while having vibration damping property.
（マトリックス樹脂）
本実施形態に係るマトリックス樹脂を形成する樹脂としては、熱硬化性樹脂であることが好ましい。熱硬化性樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリイソシアネート樹脂、ポリイソシアヌレート樹脂、フェノール樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、およびポリイミド樹脂からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種が挙げられる。上記の中でも、エポキシ樹脂は、他の樹脂に比べて炭素繊維との密着性が高く、かつ弾性率も高いため好ましい。
なお、当該樹脂が熱硬化性樹脂である場合、この熱硬化性樹脂が硬化することでマトリックス樹脂が形成される。
(Matrix resin)
The resin forming the matrix resin according to the present embodiment is preferably a thermosetting resin. The thermosetting resin is at least selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyisocyanate resin, polyisocyanurate resin, phenol resin, silicone resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, and polyimide resin. There is one kind. Among the above, the epoxy resin is preferable because it has higher adhesion to carbon fibers and a higher elastic modulus than other resins.
When the resin is a thermosetting resin, a matrix resin is formed by curing the thermosetting resin.
振動減衰材中のマトリックス樹脂の含有量は、３０〜７０質量％であることが好ましく、４０〜６０質量％であることがより好ましい。 The content of the matrix resin in the vibration damping material is preferably 30 to 70% by mass, more preferably 40 to 60% by mass.
本実施形態に係る振動減衰材には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、安定剤、離型剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、難燃剤、難燃助剤、滴下防止剤、滑剤、蛍光増白剤、蓄光顔料、蛍光染料、流動改質剤、耐衝撃性改良剤、結晶核剤、無機または有機の抗菌剤、光触媒系防汚剤、赤外線吸収剤、フォトクロミック剤などの添加剤、炭素繊維以外の充填材等が適宜含有されていてもよい。 The vibration damping material according to the present embodiment includes a stabilizer, a mold release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a colorant, a flame retardant, a flame retardant aid, a drip inhibitor, a lubricant, and a fluorescence as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Whitening agents, phosphorescent pigments, fluorescent dyes, flow modifiers, impact resistance improvers, crystal nucleating agents, inorganic or organic antibacterial agents, photocatalytic antifouling agents, infrared absorbers, additives such as photochromic agents, carbon A filler other than fibers may be appropriately contained.
本実施形態に係る振動減衰材は、例えば、（１）炭素繊維のウェブからなるシート状基材を形成した後、該シート状基材に、既述の樹脂とＣＮＦを含有したＣＮＦ含有樹脂組成物を含浸させる方法、（２）上記ＣＮＦ含有樹脂組成物と炭素繊維とを押出機に投入して、炭素繊維を分散させて炭素繊維強化樹脂組成物を得て、これを溶融状態で塊状またはシート状に押出した後、所定の形状に賦形する方法等により製造することができる。 The vibration damping material according to the present embodiment has, for example, (1) a CNF-containing resin composition containing the above-mentioned resin and CNF in the sheet-like base material after forming a sheet-like base material made of a carbon fiber web. Method of impregnating a substance, (2) The CNF-containing resin composition and carbon fibers are put into an extruder to disperse the carbon fibers to obtain a carbon fiber reinforced resin composition, which is lumpy or in a molten state. After extruding into a sheet, it can be manufactured by a method of shaping into a predetermined shape or the like.
なお、ＣＮＦ含有樹脂組成物には、適宜硬化剤が添加される。硬化剤としては、酸無水物類（酸無水物系硬化剤）、アミン類（アミン系硬化剤）、ポリアミド樹脂、イミダゾール類（イミダゾール系硬化剤）、ポリメルカプタン類（ポリメルカプタン系硬化剤）、フェノール類（フェノール系硬化剤）、ポリカルボン酸類、ジシアンジアミド類、有機酸ヒドラジド等が挙げられる。また、硬化剤の含有量は、樹脂に含まれる硬化剤との反応性基の量に応じて適宜調整される。 A curing agent is appropriately added to the CNF-containing resin composition. Examples of the curing agent include acid anhydrides (acid anhydride-based curing agents), amines (amine-based curing agents), polyamide resins, imidazoles (imidazole-based curing agents), polypeptides (polymercaptan-based curing agents), and Examples thereof include phenols (phenolic curing agents), polycarboxylic acids, dicyandiamides, and organic acid hydrazides. Further, the content of the curing agent is appropriately adjusted according to the amount of the reactive group with the curing agent contained in the resin.
本実施形態に係る振動減衰材は、炭素繊維からなる層を複数積層し、ＣＮＦ含有樹脂組成物を各層に含浸させて得られるような積層構造を有していてもよい。炭素繊維からなる層の数は、２以上が好ましく、２〜１０がより好ましく、４〜９がさらに好ましい。 The vibration damping material according to the present embodiment may have a laminated structure obtained by laminating a plurality of layers made of carbon fibers and impregnating each layer with a CNF-containing resin composition. The number of layers made of carbon fibers is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 2 to 10 and even more preferably 4 to 9.
また、本実施形態に係る振動減衰材は、損失係数ηが０．０１５超であることが好ましく、０．０１６以上であることがより好ましく、０．０１７以上であることがさらに好ましい。なお、損失係数ηは大きいほど好ましいが、実際的には０．０２５以下であり、０．０２３以下であることが好ましい。損失係数ηが０．０１５超であることで、良好な弾性率及び強度を有しながら、実用的な振動減衰特性が得られやすくなる。 Further, the vibration damping material according to the present embodiment preferably has a loss coefficient η of more than 0.015, more preferably 0.016 or more, and further preferably 0.017 or more. The larger the loss coefficient η is, the more preferable it is, but in practice, it is preferably 0.025 or less, and preferably 0.023 or less. When the loss coefficient η is more than 0.015, it becomes easy to obtain practical vibration damping characteristics while having a good elastic modulus and strength.
以上のような本実施形態に係る振動減衰材は、各種構造体において機械的な揺れ若しくは騒音を防止するために、例えば、自動車の室内床下等、鉄道車両、船舶、航空機、電気機器、建築構造物、建設機器等にも広く利用することができる。その際の使用形態としては、各種構造物への適用場所などにもよるが、シート状や線状といった形態が挙げられる。 The vibration damping material according to the present embodiment as described above is used for preventing mechanical shaking or noise in various structures, for example, under the floor of an automobile, railroad vehicle, ship, aircraft, electrical equipment, building structure. It can be widely used for things, construction equipment, etc. The form of use at that time includes a form such as a sheet shape and a linear shape, although it depends on the place of application to various structures and the like.
次に、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
［材料］
・炭素繊維
三菱ケミカル（株）製のＰＡＮ系平織り炭素繊維束（ＴＲ３１１０Ｍ：縦、横原束ともにＴＲ３０Ｓ ３Ｌ（引張強度：４．１２ＧＰａ、引張弾性率：２３４ＧＰａ、伸度：１．８％））
・熱硬化性樹脂
三菱ケミカル（株）製のＪＥＲ８２８（エポキシ当量１９０）
・硬化剤
三菱ケミカル（株）製の変性脂環族アミン系のＪＥＲキュア１１３
・ＣＮＦ
ＣＮＦ−Ａ：平均繊維長６８μｍ、平均径２０ｎｍの粉末状ＣＮＦ（（株）スギノマシン製）
ＣＮＦ−Ｂ：平均繊維長６μｍ、平均径２０ｎｍの粉末状ＣＮＦ（（株）スギノマシン製）
ＣＮＦ−Ｃ：平均繊維長２２μｍ、平均径２０ｎｍの粉末状ＣＮＦ（（株）スギノマシン製）
ＣＮＦ−Ｄ：平均繊維長１２６μｍ、平均径２０ｎｍの粉末状ＣＮＦ（（株）スギノマシン製）
[material]
-Carbon fiber PAN-based plain-woven carbon fiber bundle manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (TR3110M: TR30S 3L for both vertical and horizontal original bundles (tensile strength: 4.12 GPa, tensile elastic modulus: 234 GPa, elongation: 1.8%))
-Thermosetting resin JER828 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (epoxy equivalent 190)
-Curing agent Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation's modified alicyclic amine-based JER Cure 113
・ CNF
CNF-A: Powdered CNF with an average fiber length of 68 μm and an average diameter of 20 nm (manufactured by Sugino Machine Limited)
CNF-B: Powdered CNF with an average fiber length of 6 μm and an average diameter of 20 nm (manufactured by Sugino Machine Limited)
CNF-C: Powdered CNF with an average fiber length of 22 μm and an average diameter of 20 nm (manufactured by Sugino Machine Limited)
CNF-D: Powdered CNF with an average fiber length of 126 μm and an average diameter of 20 nm (manufactured by Sugino Machine Limited)
［実施例１］
（ＣＮＦ含有樹脂組成物の作製）
熱硬化性樹脂及びＣＮＦ−Ａのそれぞれに含まれる気泡をバキューム装置（−９５ｋＰａ）によって３０分間真空脱泡した。
脱泡後の熱硬化性樹脂１００質量部と脱泡後のＣＮＦ−Ａ０．１質量部とを混合して混合液とし、これを汎用のプロセスホモジナイザー（（株）エスエムテー製ＰＨ９１）を用いて１０，０００ｒｐｍの条件下で３０分撹拌してＣＮＦ含有樹脂組成物を得た。
[Example 1]
(Preparation of CNF-containing resin composition)
The bubbles contained in each of the thermosetting resin and CNF-A were evacuated by a vacuum device (-95 kPa) for 30 minutes.
100 parts by mass of the thermosetting resin after defoaming and 0.1 part by mass of CNF-A after defoaming are mixed to prepare a mixed solution, which is used as a general-purpose process homogenizer (PH91 manufactured by SMT Co., Ltd.) 10 The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes under the condition of 1,000 rpm to obtain a CNF-containing resin composition.
（振動減衰材の作製）
得られたＣＮＦ含有樹脂組成物について１０分間真空脱泡し、熱硬化性樹脂１００質量部に対して、硬化剤３３質量部を混合した。その後、当該樹脂組成物を用いて８枚の炭素繊維をハンドレイアップ法により積層し、８０℃で１時間、１５０℃で３時間、０．８６ＭＰａの条件の下で加圧硬化させ、加圧状態のまま徐冷し、厚み２ｍｍ，繊維体積含有率Ｖｆが４５％の振動減衰材を作製した。作製した振動減衰材について、下記評価を行った。
(Manufacturing of vibration damping material)
The obtained CNF-containing resin composition was evacuated for 10 minutes, and 33 parts by mass of a curing agent was mixed with 100 parts by mass of a thermosetting resin. Then, eight carbon fibers were laminated by a hand lay-up method using the resin composition, and pressure-cured under the conditions of 80 ° C. for 1 hour, 150 ° C. for 3 hours under the conditions of 0.86 MPa, and pressed. The material was slowly cooled in this state to prepare a vibration damping material having a thickness of 2 mm and a fiber volume content of Vf of 45%. The prepared vibration damping material was evaluated as follows.
［評価］
（動的粘弾性試験）
動的粘弾性試験としてＪＩＳＫ７２４４に基づき評価した。作製した振動減衰材からダイヤモンドカッタによって５０ｍｍ×１６ｍｍ×２ｍｍの短冊状試験片に加工し、これを試験に供した。試験には動的粘弾性特性評価装置（ＤＭＡ７１００，（株）日立ハイテクノロジーズ）を用いた。両持ち曲げとし、試験片中央部に正弦波加振荷重（１０μｍ）を与えた。加振周波数を１０Ｈｚとし、５℃／ｍｉｎの一定昇温速度で室温から２２０℃まで加熱した。それぞれの試験片の粘弾性応答を測定し、貯蔵弾性率Ｅ’、損失弾性率Ｅ”からｔａｎδ（＝Ｅ”/Ｅ’）を求めた。結果を表１に示す。
[evaluation]
(Dynamic viscoelasticity test)
It was evaluated based on JIS K7244 as a dynamic viscoelasticity test. The prepared vibration damping material was processed into a strip-shaped test piece of 50 mm × 16 mm × 2 mm by a diamond cutter, and this was subjected to the test. A dynamic viscoelastic property characterization device (DMA7100, Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation) was used for the test. A double-sided bending was performed, and a sine wave excitation load (10 μm) was applied to the central part of the test piece. The excitation frequency was set to 10 Hz, and heating was performed from room temperature to 220 ° C. at a constant heating rate of 5 ° C./min. The viscoelastic response of each test piece was measured, and tan δ (= E ”/ E ′) was determined from the storage elastic modulus E ′ and the loss elastic modulus E ″. The results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例２］
脱泡後のＣＮＦ−Ａを０．１質量部から０．３質量部に変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の動的粘弾性試験による評価と下記の評価を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Example 2]
A vibration damping material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the CNF-A after defoaming was changed from 0.1 parts by mass to 0.3 parts by mass, and the evaluation by the above-mentioned dynamic viscoelasticity test and the following Was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
［評価］
（振動試験）
機械加工により、作製した振動減衰材から短冊状試験片（１８０ｍｍ×１０ｍｍ×２ｍｍ）に切り出し、曲げ振動の減衰特性を評価した。片持ち試験片の片側を治具により固定した。先端側から１２０ｍｍの位置にひずみゲージを接着した。梁の先端に初期変位５ｍｍを加え，変形を解放することで振動中のひずみの変化を測定した。減衰自由振動波形より最大振幅（正ピーク）から３０点の減衰率を平均化し、対数減衰率Δを求めた。
その後、式：η＝Δ／πにより損失係数ηを算出し、試験片自体の減衰特性を評価した。結果を表１に示す。
[evaluation]
(Vibration test)
The vibration damping material produced by machining was cut into strip-shaped test pieces (180 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm), and the damping characteristics of bending vibration were evaluated. One side of the cantilever test piece was fixed with a jig. A strain gauge was adhered at a position 120 mm from the tip side. The change in strain during vibration was measured by applying an initial displacement of 5 mm to the tip of the beam and releasing the deformation. The logarithmic decrement Δ was obtained by averaging the damping rates at 30 points from the maximum amplitude (positive peak) from the damping free vibration waveform.
Then, the loss coefficient η was calculated by the formula: η = Δ / π, and the damping characteristics of the test piece itself were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例１］
ＣＮＦを含有しなかった以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の評価（動的粘弾性試験及び振動試験）を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 1]
A vibration damping material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it did not contain CNF, and the above-mentioned evaluations (dynamic viscoelasticity test and vibration test) were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例２］
ＣＮＦ−ＡをＣＮＦ−Ｂに変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の評価（振動試験）を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 2]
A vibration damping material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that CNF-A was changed to CNF-B, and the evaluation (vibration test) described above was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例３］
ＣＮＦ−ＡをＣＮＦ−Ｂに変更し、含有量を０．１質量部から０．３質量部に変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の評価（動的粘弾性試験及び振動試験）を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 3]
A vibration damping material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that CNF-A was changed to CNF-B and the content was changed from 0.1 parts by mass to 0.3 parts by mass, and the evaluation (movement) described above was performed. A viscoelasticity test and a vibration test) were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例４］
ＣＮＦ−ＡをＣＮＦ−Ｃに変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の評価（振動試験）を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 4]
A vibration damping material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that CNF-A was changed to CNF-C, and the evaluation (vibration test) described above was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例５］
ＣＮＦ−ＡをＣＮＦ−Ｃに変更し、含有量を０．１質量部から０．３質量部に変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の評価（動的粘弾性試験及び振動試験）を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 5]
A vibration damping material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that CNF-A was changed to CNF-C and the content was changed from 0.1 parts by mass to 0.3 parts by mass, and the evaluation (movement) described above was performed. A viscoelasticity test and a vibration test) were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例６］
ＣＮＦ−ＡをＣＮＦ−Ｄに変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の評価（振動試験）を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 6]
A vibration damping material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that CNF-A was changed to CNF-D, and the evaluation (vibration test) described above was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例７］
ＣＮＦ−ＡをＣＮＦ−Ｄに変更し、含有量を０．１質量部から０．３質量部に変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして振動減衰材を作製し、既述の評価（動的粘弾性試験及び振動試験）を行った。結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 7]
A vibration damping material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that CNF-A was changed to CNF-D and the content was changed from 0.1 parts by mass to 0.3 parts by mass, and the evaluation (movement) described above was performed. A viscoelasticity test and a vibration test) were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
Claims (5)
The vibration damping material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the loss coefficient η is more than 0.015.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020039691A JP7406753B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | vibration damping material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020039691A JP7406753B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | vibration damping material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2021138888A true JP2021138888A (en) | 2021-09-16 |
| JP7406753B2 JP7406753B2 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
Family
ID=77669474
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020039691A Active JP7406753B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | vibration damping material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7406753B2 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011012094A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | Composite resin material and beam structure member using the same |
| JP2019001872A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2019-01-10 | 学校法人同志社 | Cellulose nanofiber-containing carbon fiber-reinforced plastic |
| JP2019210434A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-12 | 学校法人同志社 | Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic, and manufacturing method of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012041413A (en) | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-01 | Teijin Techno Products Ltd | Damping material |
| JP6313662B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-04-18 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Resin composition for vibration damping material |
| JP6677456B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2020-04-08 | 花王株式会社 | Polyester resin composition for vibration damping material |
| JP2019214671A (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-19 | スターライト工業株式会社 | Vibration attenuation resin composition, and coating method of vibration attenuation resin composition |
-
2020
- 2020-03-09 JP JP2020039691A patent/JP7406753B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011012094A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | Composite resin material and beam structure member using the same |
| JP2019001872A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2019-01-10 | 学校法人同志社 | Cellulose nanofiber-containing carbon fiber-reinforced plastic |
| JP2019210434A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-12 | 学校法人同志社 | Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic, and manufacturing method of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7406753B2 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6591214B2 (en) | COMPOSITE MATERIAL CONTAINING MATRIX MATERIAL COMPRISING AMORPHOUS POLYAMIDE AND USE THEREOF | |
| JP6151037B2 (en) | FIBER STRUCTURE, MANUFACTURING METHOD AND USE, AND FIBER-RESIN COMPOSITE | |
| JP4233560B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of prepreg | |
| JP4615398B2 (en) | Carbon fiber composite material molded body | |
| JP7007630B2 (en) | Carbon fiber reinforced plastic containing cellulose nanofibers | |
| KR101861875B1 (en) | Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic molded article | |
| US20060062998A1 (en) | Reinforcement for composite materials and method for making the reforcement | |
| US20230030598A1 (en) | Epoxy resin composition, molding material for fiber-reinforced composite material, and fiber-reinforced composite material | |
| US11745485B2 (en) | Epoxy resin composition for carbon-fiber-reinforced composite materials, prepreg, and carbon-fiber-reinforced composite material | |
| JPWO2020054340A1 (en) | Epoxy resin compositions, molding materials for fiber reinforced composites and fiber reinforced composites | |
| JP2014173053A (en) | Prepreg for press molding and fiber reinforced composite material | |
| JP5059579B2 (en) | Sizing agent and sizing treated carbon fiber bundle | |
| JP7406753B2 (en) | vibration damping material | |
| JP5668329B2 (en) | Epoxy resin composition and fiber reinforced composite material using the same | |
| JP6356497B2 (en) | Sizing agent-attached fiber bundle and method for producing the same | |
| JP7166995B2 (en) | Prepreg manufacturing method and prepreg | |
| JP2014065831A (en) | Fiber-reinforced plastic and production method thereof | |
| JP2014062143A (en) | Fiber-reinforced plastic | |
| JP6046425B2 (en) | Fiber reinforced plastic molding substrate and impact resistant fiber reinforced plastic | |
| JP2014065830A (en) | Fiber-reinforced plastic and production method thereof | |
| JP2015196933A (en) | Sound absorbing material structure | |
| JP2016125051A (en) | Sheet-like product, and vibration attenuation member using the sheet-like product and method for manufacturing the same | |
| JP2020050833A (en) | Prepreg and molded article thereof | |
| JP7455466B2 (en) | Base material for molding fiber-reinforced resin composites and fiber-reinforced resin composites | |
| KR20190098972A (en) | Structure |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20220627 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20230306 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20230314 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20230510 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20230801 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20230920 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20231205 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20231207 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7406753 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |