JP2021134487A - Ceiling substrate structure and construction method of building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ceiling substrate structure and a construction method of a building allowing height of the ceiling substrate structure to be reduced.SOLUTION: A ceiling substrate structure 1 comprises: a fixing member 4 supported with a ceiling slab 7 and extending in a first direction X; first and second ceiling joist receivers 3A, 3B attached on the fixing member 4 at side surfaces of both sides of the fixing member 4 and extending parallel to the fixing member 4; and first and second ceiling joists 2A, 2B supported on the first and second joist receivers 3A, 3B at the ends parts 21 and extending from the end parts 21 in a second direction Y intersected to the first direction X to a direction opposite to each other to support finishing material 6 of the ceiling. The fixing member 4, the first and second ceiling joist receivers 3A, 3B, and the first and second ceiling joist 2A, 2B are arranged at the same height.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a ceiling base structure and a building construction method.

The ceiling of a building may be a double ceiling in consideration of securing a space for arranging electric wires and the like and design. In the double ceiling structure, a ceiling base structure is provided at the lower end of the ceiling slab (floor slab), and a ceiling finishing material is attached to the ceiling base structure. As the ceiling base structure, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a configuration having a field edge and a field edge support supporting the field edge is common. The field slab and the field slab are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other, and the field slab is fixed to the ceiling slab via a hanging stud.

Japanese Patent No. 5636218

The floor height per floor of a building can be constrained by a variety of factors. In order to secure the indoor height while observing such restrictions, it is effective to suppress the required height of the ceiling base structure.

An object of the present invention is to provide a ceiling base structure having a reduced height and a building construction method using the same.

The ceiling base structure of the present invention has a fixing member supported by a ceiling slab and extending in the first direction, and first and second fields attached to the fixing member on both sides of the fixing member and extending in parallel with the fixing member. A second end is supported by the edge support and the first and second field edge supports, extending from the end in the second direction intersecting the first direction in opposite directions to support the ceiling finishing material. It has 1st and 2nd field edges. The fixing member, the first and second field edges, and the first and second field edges are arranged at the same height.

In the construction method of the building of the present invention, the fixing member extending in the first direction is supported by the ceiling slab, and the first and second field edge supports extending in parallel with the fixing member are supported on both sides of the fixing member. Attached to the fixing member and the first and second field edges are opposed to each other in the second direction where the ends are supported by the first and second field edge receivers and intersect the first direction from the ends. It has the attachment to the first and second field edges and the attachment of the ceiling finishing material to the first and second field edges so as to extend in the direction. The fixing member, the first and second field edges, and the first and second field edges are arranged at the same height.

According to the present invention, since the fixing member, the first and second field edge receivers, and the first and second field edges are arranged at the same height, a ceiling base structure having a reduced height and this can be used. It is possible to provide the construction method of the building used.

It is an exploded perspective view of the ceiling base structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a ceiling plan which illustrates the part to which the ceiling base structure is applied. It is a partially enlarged view of the ceiling base structure shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the effect of the ceiling base structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a partially enlarged view of the ceiling base structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a partially enlarged view of the ceiling base structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the ceiling base structure and the building construction method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description and drawings, the X direction (first direction) is the direction in which the fixing member and the field edge receiver extend, and the Y direction (second direction) is the direction in which the field edge extends. The X and Y directions are horizontal directions that are parallel to the lower end of the ceiling slab and orthogonal to each other. The Z direction is a vertical direction and is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction. This embodiment targets a plate-shaped apartment house.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1A is an exploded perspective view of the ceiling base structure 1 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a partially enlarged view thereof. FIG. 2 is a ceiling plan illustrating a portion to which the ceiling base structure 1 of the present embodiment is applied. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view (plan view) taken along the line BB of FIG. 3A.

The ceiling base structure 1 has a plurality of field edges 2 that support the ceiling finishing material 6, and a plurality of field edge receivers 3 that support the field edges 2. The field edge 2 and the field edge receiver 3 extend in the Y direction and the X direction, respectively. The field edge 2 is a hollow beam having a square or rectangular cross section formed by bending a metal plate. An electric wire 13 for lighting is installed on the field edge 2. The field edge receiver 3 is a beam having a U-shaped cross section formed by bending a metal plate. The field edge receiver 3 is composed of an upper horizontal portion 31 having a horizontal upper surface, a lower horizontal portion 32 having a horizontal lower surface, and a vertical portion 33 connecting the upper horizontal portion 31 and the lower horizontal portion 32. ing.

Referring to FIG. 2, the field edge 2 is divided into four in the Y direction in the LDK, and two field edge receivers 3 and one fixing member 4 are provided between the rows of each field edge 2. The field edge 2 is divided into two in the Y direction in the bedroom BR, and two field edge receivers 3 and one fixing member 4 are provided between the rows of the two field edges 2. The field edge receiver 3 on the wall side is directly supported by the wall 8 by a metal fitting (not shown) embedded in the wall 8. The end portion 21 of the field edge 2 is fitted and supported in the opening 34 of the field edge receiver 3. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the openings 34 of the two field edge receivers 3 supporting both ends 21 of the field edge 2 face each other in the Y direction, and the field edge 2 is supported by these two openings 34. ing. The length of the field edge 2 is shorter than the distance between the vertical portions 33 of the pair of field edge receivers 3 that support the field edge 2. As a result, it is possible to insert the field edge 2 into the openings 34 of the two field edge receivers 3 in a state where the field edge 2 is slanted with respect to the Y direction, and then turn the field edge 2 in the Y direction, so that the field edge 2 can be easily fielded. It can be fixed to the edge support 3. The field edge 2 is fixed to the field edge receiver 3 by a screw (not shown). The finishing material 6 is made of gypsum board and is fixed to the bottom surface 22 of the field edge 2 with screws or an adhesive. A vinyl cloth (not shown) is attached to the surface of the finishing material 6. The surface finish of the finishing material 6 can also be finished by painting, substrate finishing, or the like.

The fixing member 4 is a beam extending in parallel with the field edge receiver 3, that is, in the X direction. The fixing member 4 is supported by the ceiling slab 7 via a plurality of studs 9 provided at a constant pitch. The fixing member 4 is a steel beam having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and is composed of a central horizontal portion 41 and a pair of vertical portions 42 connected to both ends of the horizontal portion 41. The horizontal portion 41 is connected to the upper end of the vertical portion 42, and the lower surface of the fixing member 4 has an opening 43. The horizontal portion 41 has a through hole 44 through which the stud 9 is inserted. The through hole 44 is an elongated hole having a width (dimension in the Y direction) larger than the outer diameter of the stud 9 and having a major axis in the X direction. The elongated hole facilitates the positioning of the fixing member 4 with respect to the stud 9 or the ceiling slab 7 in the X direction. A pair of field edge receivers 3 are attached to both sides of the fixing member 4 in the Y direction, that is, to a pair of vertical portions 42 of the fixing member 4. Hereinafter, these field edge receivers 3 will be referred to as a first field edge receiver 3A and a second field edge receiver 3B. Further, the field edge 2 supported by the first field edge receiver 3A is referred to as a first field edge 2A, and the field edge 2 supported by the second field edge receiver 3B is referred to as a second field edge 2B. The ends 21 of the first field edge 2A and the second field edge 2B are supported by the first field edge receiver 3A and the second field edge receiver 3B, and each end 21 is supported by each other in the Y direction. It extends in the opposite direction. The vertical portions 33 of the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B facing each other are fixed to a pair of vertical portions 42 of the fixing member 4 by screws 11.

The first plate member 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal portion 41 of the fixing member 4. The first plate member 5 has a female threaded hole 51 that engages with the stud 9, and is used for adjusting the level of the field edge receiver 3. The shape of the first plate member 5 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from a circle, a quadrangle, a polygon, and the like. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 3, a nut (upper nut 5A) may be used instead of the plate member 5. In this case, the upper nut 5A and the lower nut 10 are arranged on both sides of the fixing member 4. Since general-purpose nuts can be used, cost reduction is possible.

The stud 9 is screwed and fixed in the screw hole of the embedded hardware 12 provided in the ceiling slab 7. The stud 9 engages with a female screw cut in the hole 51 of the first plate member 5, passes through the through hole 44 of the fixing member 4, and is lower than the fixing member 4, or more accurately, below the lower surface of the horizontal portion 41. It is screwed into the nut 10.

In the present embodiment, the fixing member 4, the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B, and the first and second field edges 2A and 2B are arranged at the same height (position in the Z direction). Therefore, the required height of the ceiling base structure 1 can be reduced. The merits of this will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of a dwelling unit of a conventional apartment house. The level of the ceiling slab 107 of an apartment house varies depending on the location, and for example, a step is provided between the balconies BAL and LDK. Since the ceiling slab 107 of the LDK (which becomes a floor slab on the upper floor) has a double floor, the floor surface 14 of the LDK is slightly higher than the balcony BAL. A finishing material 6 supported by a conventional ceiling base structure is provided on the ceiling, and the indoor height H1 of the dwelling unit is determined by the distance between the floor surface 14 and the finishing material 6. On the other hand, there is a drain pipe 15 connected to a kitchen, a toilet, etc. under the floor, and the drain pipe 15 from the bathroom has a particularly large diameter. Therefore, it is necessary to partially lower the ceiling slab 107 to accommodate these drainage pipes 15 (part A in the figure). However, since the level of the floor surface 14 needs to be as constant as possible in the dwelling unit, a down ceiling is generated and the indoor height H1 of the dwelling unit is partially reduced. This not only impairs the comfort of the dwelling unit, but also leads to complication of the building structure and deterioration of workability. This problem can be solved by increasing the floor height H per floor, but the floor height H is subject to various restrictions and cannot be easily changed.

FIG. 4B is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of a dwelling unit of an apartment house to which the ceiling base structure 1 of the present embodiment is applied. The floor height H of the floor is the same as that in FIG. 4 (a). However, since the height of the ceiling base structure 1 is reduced, the height (height of the double ceiling portion) h from the lower end of the ceiling slab 7 to the lower end of the finishing material 6 is reduced. As a result, the floor surface 14 can be lifted while maintaining the same indoor height H1 as in the conventional case. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a step on the ceiling slab 7 while securing the height under the floor for accommodating the drain pipe 15, or the height of the step is reduced. The conventional ceiling base structure is a two-stage structure in which a field edge receiver is provided on the upper surface of the field edge, and the field edge and the field edge receiver are three-dimensionally intersected. In the present embodiment, since the conventional field edge receiver is divided into two and the field edge receiver 3 is passed between them, the level crossing of the field edge 2 and the field edge receiver 3 is possible. In addition, since the fixing member 4 for fixing the field edge receiver 3 to the ceiling slab 7 is also provided on the side of the field edge receiver 3, the fixing member 4 affects the height of the ceiling base structure 1. There is no. In the conventional ceiling base structure, the height h of the double ceiling portion needs to be at least about 100 mm, but in the present embodiment, it can be reduced to about 50 mm. If all the reduction of 50 mm is transferred to the increase of the underfloor space, sufficient space for accommodating the drain pipe 15 can be obtained without providing a step of the ceiling slab 7.

Further, in the present embodiment, the fixing member 4 and the lower nut 10 are arranged between the first field edge receiver 3A and the second field edge receiver 3B, and do not protrude downward. Therefore, the lower surface of the ceiling base structure 1 becomes substantially flat, and the ceiling surface seen from the room can be made flat.

The ceiling base structure 1 of this embodiment is constructed as follows. In the following description, it is assumed that the first plate member 5 is provided, but the same construction can be performed when the upper nut 5A is provided. First, the fixing member 4 extending in the Y direction is supported by the ceiling slab 7. Specifically, the first plate member 5 is passed through the stud 9 while being rotated, and the hole 51 of the first plate member 5 is screwed into the stud 9. As shown in FIG. 1, since the ceiling base structure 1 is suspended by a plurality of studs 9, the holes 51 of the other first plate member 5 are also screwed into the studs 9 in the same manner. Next, these studs 9 are passed through the corresponding through holes 44 of the fixing member 4. Either of the order in which the through hole 44 and the hole 51 are passed through the stud 9 may come first. The fixing member 4 and the plurality of first plate members 5 are temporarily fixed by the lower nut 10. Next, in this state, the studs 9 are screwed and fixed to the screw holes of the plurality of embedded hardware 12. Next, the individual first plate member 5 is turned to adjust the distance between the ceiling slab 7 and the plurality of first plate members 5 to a predetermined value. The distance between the ceiling slab 7 and the first plate member 5 can be adjusted by a general method using a measure or the like. The fixing member 4 is brought into close contact with the first plate member 5, and the lower nut 10 is finally tightened to fix each field edge receiver 3 at a predetermined height. The attachment of the field edge receiver 3 along the wall 8 is carried out prior to the above work or in parallel with the above work.

Next, the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B extending in parallel with the fixing member 4 are attached to the fixing member 4 on both sides of the fixing member 4. The screw 11 is fastened from the openings 34 of the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B toward the fixing member 4, but from the openings 43 of the fixing member 4 toward the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B. May be fastened. Alternatively, the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B can be attached to the fixing member 4 by a method such as heat fusion. Next, the first and second field edges 2A and 2B are attached to the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B. As described above, the field edge 2 is once slanted with respect to the Y direction and inserted into the openings 34 of the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B, then rotated in the Y direction, and by a screw (not shown). It is fixed to the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B. Finally, the ceiling finishing material 6 is attached to the field edge 2.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 of the ceiling base structure 1 according to the second embodiment. Here, the points different from the first embodiment will be described. The point that the description is omitted is the same as that of the first embodiment. The fixing member 4 is composed of a horizontal portion 45 provided with a through hole 44 similar to that of the first embodiment. The fixing member 4 is a long plate extending in the X direction. The fixing member 4 has a width (dimension in the Y direction) that overlaps with the lower horizontal portions 32 of the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B when viewed from the Z direction, and the first and second field edge receivers 3A. , The lower surface of the lower horizontal portion 32 of 3B is fixed to the horizontal portion 45 with a screw 11. Therefore, the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B can be provided above the first embodiment. The Z-direction positions of the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B are the placement spaces of the electric wires 13 installed on the first and second field edges 2A and 2B, and the first and second field edges 2A, Since the space required for the construction of 2B may be determined, the height of the ceiling base structure 1 can be further reduced as compared with the first embodiment. Further, since the work of fixing the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B to the fixing member 4 with the screws 11 can be performed from below, the workability is improved. In the present embodiment, since the tip of the stud 9 and the lower nut 10 project below the horizontal portion 45, the finishing material 6 is also partially lowered accordingly. However, only local protrusions on the ceiling surface occur, and the effect on habitability is limited. Further, it is possible to thicken the finishing material 6 in accordance with the protrusions, thereby obtaining a secondary effect such as improvement of the soundproofing effect.

(Third Embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 of the ceiling base structure 1 according to the third embodiment. Here, the points different from the second embodiment will be described. The point that the description is omitted is the same as that of the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, a first plate member 52 having the same configuration as the plate member 5 in the second embodiment, a second plate member 53 having a hole 54 formed with a female screw that engages with the stud 9, and a second plate member 53. Is provided. The second plate member 53 engages with the upper surface of the upper horizontal portion 31 of the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B. The first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B are not only supported from below by the horizontal portion 45 of the fixing member 4, but also held from above by the second plate member 53, so that stability is improved. .. As shown by the broken line, the first plate member 52 and the second plate member 53 may be integrated by the connecting member 55. As a result, the distance between the first plate member 52 and the second plate member 53 is fixed, so that the effect of fixing the first and second field edge receivers 3A and 3B is improved. Further, since the second plate member 53 is moved up and down together by turning the first plate member 52, the workability is also improved.

Although the present invention has been described above with some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to each other, but they may intersect at an angle other than 90 degrees. The building to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a plate-shaped apartment house, but includes any building to which a ceiling base structure can be applied, such as other houses and offices.

1 Ceiling base structure 2 Field edge 2A 1st field edge 2B 2nd field edge 3 Field edge receiver 3A 1st field edge receiver 3B 2nd field edge receiver 4 Fixing member 5 Plate member 5A Upper nut 6 Finishing material 7 Ceiling slab 9 Stud 10 Lower nut 31 Upper horizontal part 32 Lower horizontal part 33 Vertical part 41,45 Horizontal part 44 Through hole 51 Hole 52 First plate member 53 Second plate member X First direction Y Second direction

Claims (9)

A fixing member that is supported by the ceiling slab and extends in the first direction,
A first and second field edge receiver attached to the fixing member on both sides of the fixing member and extending in parallel with the fixing member.
A first portion is supported by the first and second field edge supports, and extends from the end portion in a second direction intersecting with the first direction in opposite directions to support a ceiling finishing material. And with a second field edge,
A ceiling base structure in which the fixing member, the first and second field edge receivers, and the first and second field edges are arranged at the same height. It has a first plate member arranged on the upper surface of the fixing member, a stud fixed to an embedded metal fitting provided on the ceiling slab, and a lower nut screwed to the stud.
The fixing member has a through hole through which the stud is inserted, the first plate member has a hole in which a female screw that engages with the stud is formed, and the lower nut is below the fixing member. The ceiling base structure according to claim 1, which is screwed into a stud. It has an upper nut arranged on the upper surface of the fixing member, a stud fixed to an embedded metal fitting provided on the ceiling slab, and a lower nut screwed into the stud.
The fixing member has a through hole through which the stud is inserted, the upper nut has a hole in which a female screw that engages with the stud is formed, and the lower nut is screwed into the stud below the fixing member. The ceiling base structure according to claim 1, which is suitable. The ceiling base structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fixing member and the lower nut are arranged between the first field edge receiver and the second field edge receiver. The first and second field edge supports have vertical portions facing each other, and have vertical portions facing each other.
The fixing member includes a horizontal portion provided with the through hole and a pair of vertical portions connected to the horizontal portion and to which the vertical portions of the first and second field edge receivers are fixed. Item 4. The ceiling base structure according to item 4. The first and second field edge supports have a lower horizontal portion and have a lower horizontal portion.
The fixing member has a horizontal portion provided with the through hole and has a horizontal portion.
The ceiling base structure according to claim 2, wherein the lower horizontal portion of the first and second field edge supports is fixed to the horizontal portion. It has a second plate member having a hole in which a female thread that engages with the stud is formed.
The sixth aspect of claim 6, wherein the first and second field edge receivers have an upper horizontal portion, and the upper horizontal portions of the first and second field edge receivers engage with the second plate member. Ceiling base structure. The ceiling base structure according to claim 7, wherein the first plate member and the second plate member are integrated. Supporting the ceiling slab with a fixing member extending in the first direction,
The first and second field edge supports extending in parallel with the fixing member are attached to the fixing member on both sides of the fixing member.
The first and second field edges are supported by the first and second field edge receivers so as to extend from the ends in opposite directions in a second direction intersecting the first direction. In addition, it is attached to the first and second field edge supports.
To attach the ceiling finishing material to the first and second field edges,
A method of constructing a building in which the fixing member, the first and second field edges, and the first and second field edges are arranged at the same height.

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