JP2021133414A - Spherical valve manufacturing method and caulking tool - Google Patents

Abstract

To manufacture a spherical valve which enables smooth opening and closing of a flow channel.SOLUTION: According to this method for manufacturing a spherical valve for caulking and fixing a valve body and a sphere 12 stored in a hole 18 of the valve body, a caulking projection 54, which has, on an apical surface 17 around the hole 18 in the valve body, an inward slope of 20 to 30 degrees with respect to the apical surface 17 and an outward slope of 40 to 50 degrees with respect to the same, is pressed to deform the apical surface 17, thereby caulking and fixing the sphere 12 stored in the hole 18 and the valve body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a spherical valve and a caulking tool, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a spherical valve that opens and closes a flow path using a sphere housed in a hole of a valve body and a caulking tool used for manufacturing a spherical valve. ..

Conventionally, as an ABS (anti-lock braking system) oil on-off valve or oil adjusting valve, the sphere is pressed into the hole formed in the valve body and a part of the sphere is projected from the operating body. A spherical valve fixed so as not to move relative to is used.

As shown in FIG. 15, this sphere valve can move in the vertical direction in the figure with the sphere facing the opening of the flow path, and opens when the sphere is brought into contact with the opening (left in the figure). When the sphere is closed and the sphere is separated from the opening (right in the figure), the opening is opened and the flow path is formed.

Here, as a method of fixing the valve body and the sphere in the spherical valve, in a state where the sphere is press-fitted into the hole formed at the tip of the valve body, squeezing is performed around the opening of this hole to reduce the diameter around the hole. There is a technique for fixing a sphere (Patent Document 1).

Further, as a method of simply fixing the sphere inserted into the hole, there is a caulking method of pressing a caulking tool against the tip surface of the hole to form a caulking ridge portion (Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 4317657 Jikkenhei 1-92380 Gazette

The caulking method described in Patent Document 2 seems to be simpler than the fixing method described in Patent Document 1, but when caulking is performed on the tip surface as shown in FIG. 2e of Patent Document 2. The tip surface around the sphere rises above the protruding part of the sphere. Then, when the spherical valve is used in the environment as shown in FIG. 15, the raised portion of the tip surface may interfere with the vicinity of the opening of the flow path, and the opening and closing of the flow path by the sphere may not function sufficiently.

Therefore, an object of the present application is to manufacture a spherical valve that enables smooth opening and closing of a flow path.

In order to solve the above problem, claim 1 is a method for manufacturing a spherical valve in which a valve body and a sphere housed in a hole of the valve body are crimped and fixed, and the tip surface around the hole in the valve body is formed. , A caulking protrusion having an inward slope of 20 to 30 degrees and an outward slope of 40 to 50 degrees is pressed against the same tip surface, and the tip surface is deformed to form a sphere housed in the hole. It is characterized in that it is crimped and fixed to the valve body.

The second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the caulking fixing is performed in a state where the outer periphery of the tip surface is covered with a deformation prevention jig.
A third aspect of the present invention is a caulking tool for crimping the tip surface of a valve body to fix a sphere housed in a hole formed in the tip surface, which is 20 to 30 degrees with respect to the tip surface. It is characterized by having a caulking projection having an inward slope and an outward slope of 40 to 50 degrees.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the caulking protrusion is formed in an annular shape on the pressing surface of the caulking tool.
A fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a flat surface portion is provided on the outer periphery of the caulking protrusion.

According to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a spherical valve capable of smoothly opening and closing the flow path.

The perspective view of the work of this embodiment. The same sectional view. Schematic diagram of the caulking device. A schematic view showing the operation of the work support portion, FIG. 4a shows the work support position, and FIG. 4b shows the work discharge position. A schematic view showing the operation of the caulking portion, FIG. 5a is a standby position, and FIG. 5b is a caulking position. FIG. 6a is an enlarged view of the caulking pin and its caulked portion, and FIG. 6b is an enlarged plan view of the caulked portion. Explanatory drawing which shows the cross section of a caulking protrusion. An explanatory diagram of caulking, FIG. 8a is an initial state, and FIG. 8b is a support state of the work. An explanatory diagram of caulking, FIG. 9a shows a state in which the caulking device is lowered, and FIG. 9b shows a state in which caulking is performed. Explanatory view showing caulking, FIG. 10a is a cross-sectional view around the tip surface immediately before caulking, and FIG. 10b is a cross-sectional view taken during caulking. 11a to 11e are schematic views showing an example of changing the work. 12a to 12c are schematic views showing a modified example of the caulking protrusion. 13a and 13b are schematic views showing a modified example of the caulking protrusion. 14a to 14c are schematic views showing an example of changing the sphere storage hole. The schematic diagram explaining the operation of a spherical valve.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a spherical valve of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. The spherical valve includes both an on-off valve that opens and closes the flow path by bringing the sphere into contact with the opening of the flow path and the like, and a regulating valve that adjusts the flow rate of the fluid in the flow path.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the work 10. The work 10 referred to here refers to a state before caulking is performed in the manufacturing process of the spherical valve, and the spherical valve is a finished product by caulking and fixing. Therefore, the work 10 means an unfinished product located one step before the finished product in the manufacturing process of the spherical valve, but for convenience of process explanation, a configuration in which caulking is completed (corresponding to a spherical valve in terms of configuration) is also available. It may be expressed as work 10.

As shown in the cross section in FIG. 2, the work 10 is composed of a valve body 11 and a steel ball 12 as a sphere press-fitted into the valve body 11. The valve body 11 has a cylindrical shape that is integrally molded with a metal material as a whole, and has a large diameter portion 13 having a relatively large diameter and a large diameter portion 13 at the tip (upper side in the drawing) of the large diameter portion 13. A small diameter portion 14 that is concentric and has a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion 13 is formed. The valve body 11 has a circular shape in a plan view and a convex shape in a side view.

The valve body 11 is formed by cutting a hot-rolled steel wire having a circular cross section to a constant length. Examples of the hot-rolled steel wire rod that can be used include SWCH5A and SWCH12A. On the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 13 of the valve body 11, three concave grooves 15 having a semicircular cross section formed along the axial direction are formed at equal intervals (120 degree intervals) on the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 13. It is formed. The concave groove 15 functions as a fluid passage when the spherical valve is used.

At the center of the base end (the side opposite to the tip in the axial direction) of the large diameter portion 13, a spring mounting hole 16 for mounting a coil spring required for functioning as a spherical valve is formed along the axial direction. .. As will be described later, the spring mounting hole 16 is also used to support the work 10 during caulking. The tip surface 17 of the small diameter portion 14 is a plane orthogonal to the axis of the valve body 11, that is, the central axis of the large diameter portion 13 and the small diameter portion 14. A sphere storage hole 18 as a hole is formed at the center of the tip surface 17. The sphere storage hole 18 is formed concentrically with the large diameter portion 13 and the small diameter portion 14 in the coaxial line direction, and is a bottomed hole having the same diameter as the steel ball 12 to be press-fitted. The bottom surface 19 is formed parallel to the tip surface 17 of the small diameter portion 14, and the depth of the sphere storage hole 18 is about ⅔ of the diameter of the steel ball 12 to be press-fitted. The opening edge of the sphere storage hole 18 is chamfered.

A steel ball 12 is press-fitted into the sphere storage hole 18 so as to be seated on the bottom surface 19. The steel ball 12 is press-fitted in a state where the portion having the largest diameter in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the valve body 11 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the sphere storage hole 18, and is about 1/3 of the diameter of the steel ball 12. Projects from the tip surface 17 of the small diameter portion 14. Since the steel ball 12 is directly involved in opening and closing the flow path as a spherical valve, a material whose shape is not deformed or deformed very little even by caulking is used. In this embodiment, a high carbon chrome bearing steel material is used as the steel ball, and specifically, it is made of a material such as SUJ2-4 and SUS304.

Caulking device 20
FIG. 3 shows a caulking device 20 for caulking the work, which will be described below. The caulking device 20 is provided with a work support portion 30 for supporting the work 10 at the time of caulking on the lower side, and a caulking portion 40 for caulking the work 10 on the upper side facing the work support portion 30. There is.

The work support portion 30 includes a base 31 and a liner 32 arranged inside the base 31. The base 31 includes a cylindrical base main body 33 and a liner guide portion 34 internally fitted and fixed to the base main body 33 at the upper part of the base main body 33, and the diameter of the work 10 is located in the center of the liner guide portion 34. A liner guide hole 35 having a circular shape having substantially the same diameter is formed through.

The liner 32 has a liner body 36 and a liner pin 37 located above the liner body 36 and having substantially the same diameter as the liner guide hole 35. In the liner 32, in a state where the liner body 36 is located inside the base 31 and the liner pin 37 is located inside the liner guide hole 35, the work support position below the base 31 by a drive source (not shown) (FIG. It is possible to move between 4a) and the upper work discharge position (FIG. 4b). A support pin 38 that can be inserted into the spring mounting hole 16 of the work 10 is projected upward at the center of the upper surface of the liner pin 37.

The caulking portion 40 includes a punch case 41, an outside punch 42 as a deformation prevention jig arranged in the punch case 41, and a caulking pin 43 as a caulking tool arranged in the outside punch 42. .. The punch case 41 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and has a relatively small diameter hole 44 that opens to the lower end surface inside, and a larger diameter hole 44 that is concentric with the small diameter hole 44 and is continuously formed on the upper part of the small diameter hole 44. It has a large diameter hole 45. A chamfered step portion 46 is formed at the boundary between the small diameter hole 44 and the large diameter hole 45. The punch case 41 can be moved up and down by a drive mechanism (not shown).

The outside punch 42 is a cylindrical member having an inverted convex cross section, and an insertion hole 47 for a caulking pin 43 is formed through the center of the outside punch 42. The upper structure 48 of the outside punch 42 has substantially the same diameter as the large diameter hole 45 of the punch case 41, and the lower structure 49 of the outside punch 42 has substantially the same diameter as the small diameter hole 44 of the punch case 41. The upper structure 48 of the outside punch 42 is fitted in the large diameter hole 45 of the punch case 41, and the lower structure 49 of the outside punch 42 is fitted in the small diameter hole 44 of the punch case 41.

A coil spring 50 is arranged on the upper surface of the superstructure 48 of the outside punch 42, and constantly urges the outside punch 42 with respect to the punch case 41 in the direction of protruding from the punch case 41 (lower part in the drawing). However, when the superstructure 48 of the outside punch 42 comes into contact with the stepped portion 46 of the punch case 41, the outside punch 42 cannot be further lowered with respect to the punch case 41, and is shown in FIG. 5a except during caulking. It is in the standby position shown.

Further, the insertion hole 47 of the outside punch 42 has substantially the same diameter as the small diameter portion 14 of the work 10, and during caulking, the insertion hole 47 of the outside punch 42 is the small diameter portion of the work 10 as shown in the caulking position shown in FIG. 5b. It is fitted on the outer surface of 14. As a result, the outer circumference of the tip surface 17 at the time of caulking is covered to prevent the small diameter portion 14 including the tip surface 17 from being deformed outward in the radial direction.

Next, the caulking pin 43 for caulking the work 10 will be described.
As shown on the left side of FIG. 6a, the caulking pin 43 has an elongated columnar shape as a whole, and a caulking portion 51 as a pressing surface is formed at the tip thereof (lower side in the drawing). The caulking pin 43 can be moved between a standby position (FIG. 5a) above and a caulking position (FIG. 5b) below the punch case 41 by a drive mechanism (not shown).

As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 6a, the caulking portion 51 has a flat surface portion 52 formed of a plane orthogonal to the axial direction (vertical direction in the drawing) of the caulking pin 43, and is formed at the center of the flat surface portion 52. It has a hemispherical recess 53 and a caulking protrusion 54 formed so as to protrude from the flat surface portion 52. The hemispherical recess 53 prevents contact interference between the caulking pin 43 and the steel ball 12 of the work 10 during caulking, and forms a hemispherical recess having a diameter slightly larger than the steel ball 12 protruding from the work 10. Is formed as. Further, as shown in the plan view of the caulking portion 51 in FIG. 6b, the caulking protrusion 54 is formed by enclosing the outer circumference of the hemispherical recess 53 in an annular shape.

As shown in FIG. 7, the caulking protrusion 54 has an inward slope 55 and an outward slope 56, and has a top surface 57 parallel to the flat surface portion 52 at the tip thereof. The caulking protrusion 54 has a trapezoidal cross section with respect to the flat surface portion 52 when cut through the axis of the caulking pin 43. Further, the base of the inward slope 55 of the caulking protrusion 54 is connected to the opening edge of the hemispherical recess 53.

When the caulking portion 51 is pressed against the tip surface 17 of the work 10 and crimped, the caulking protrusion 54 bites into the small diameter portion 14 including the tip surface 17 of the work 10 to deform the spherical storage hole 18 inward. .. Due to this deformation, the inner peripheral surface of the sphere storage hole 18 comes into contact with the steel ball 12, and the valve body 11 and the steel ball 12 can be fixed.

Further, the inward slope 55 and the outward slope 56 of the caulking protrusion 54 suppress the deformation of the tip surface 17 in the raised direction when the small diameter portion 14 of the work 10 is deformed, so that the tip surface 17 is deformed inward in the radial direction. Each tilt angle is different. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, in the cross section when the inward slope caulking projection 54 is cut along the axis of the caulking pin, the inclination angle of the inward slope 55 with respect to the tip surface of the work 10 is 25 degrees. Similarly, the inclination angle of the outward slope 56 is 45 degrees. Further, the inclination angle of the inward slope 55 and the inclination angle of the outward slope 56 can be changed within a range of plus or minus 5 degrees, respectively.

In FIG. 7, the alternate long and short dash line is a line parallel to the tip surface 17 of the work 10. In the present embodiment, the tip surface 17 of the work 10, the flat surface portion 52 of the caulking portion 51, and the top surface of the caulking protrusion 54 are shown. 57 are parallel to each other. By setting the angle of the caulking protrusion 54 in such a range, when the caulking protrusion 54 bites into the tip surface 17 of the work 10, the work 10 can be caulked and deformed inward in the radial direction instead of the raised direction. It can be crimped without raising the tip surface 17 of the work 10. In the caulking protrusion 54, the diameter of the circle that is the locus of the intersection a of the lines extending the inward slope 55 and the outward slope 56 (shown by the broken line in FIG. 7) is the diameter of the steel ball 12 to be caulked. The range can be 1.3 to 2 times that of. The amount of protrusion from the flat surface portion 52, which is the height of the caulking protrusion 54, is 0.05 to 0.2 times the diameter of the steel ball 12.

Caulking Method Next, a caulking method of the work 10 using the caulking device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 9. As shown in FIG. 8a, in the initial state of caulking, the caulking portion 40 of the caulking device 20 is in a retracted position, and a sufficient space (not shown) is secured above the work support portion 30. Further, the liner 32 of the work support portion 30 is in the work support position.

In this state, the work 10 is carried into the liner guide hole 35 by a carry-in mechanism (not shown), and at the same time, the support pin 38 of the liner 32 is inserted into the spring mounting hole 16 of the work 10 (FIG. 8b) to complete the support of the work 10. do. After the work support is completed, the caulking portion 40 aligns the axial center of the caulking pin 43 with the axial center of the work 10, and starts descending with the caulking pin 43 in the retracted position. When the caulking portion 40 is lowered, as shown in FIG. 9a, the outside punch 42 is first brought into contact with the work 10, and the insertion hole 47 of the outside punch 42 is externally fitted into the small diameter portion 14 of the work 10. Since the outside punch 42 is urged downward, even if the caulking portion 40 is further lowered, the coil spring 50 is only contracted, and the outer fitting state of the small diameter portion 14 of the work 10 by the outside punch 42 is maintained. ..

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9b, when the caulking pin 43 moves to the lower caulking position, the caulking protrusion 54 of the caulking pin 43 is pressed against the tip surface 17 of the work 10, and the work 10 is caulked. After caulking, when the caulking portion 40 rises and a space is secured above the work 10 (spherical valve), the liner 32 moves upward to reach the work (spherical valve) discharge position (FIG. 4b), and the work 10 (Spherical valve) is discharged from the work support portion 30 by a discharge means (not shown). Then, the caulking portion 40 and the work support portion 30 return to the positions shown in FIG. 8a, and the new work 10 is caulked.

In the caulking process, when the caulking protrusion 54 is pressed against the tip surface 17 of the work 10 from the state shown in FIG. 10a, the tip surface 17 of the work 10 is deformed toward the spherical storage hole 18 as shown in FIG. 10b, and the work. The inner peripheral surface of the sphere storage hole 18 is brought into close contact with the steel ball 12 while suppressing the bulge of the tip surface 17 of 10, and the steel ball 12 is caulked and fixed to the valve body 11.

According to the caulking method of the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the above embodiment, when the caulking protrusion 54 is pressed against the tip surface 17 of the work 10, the tip surface 17 of the work 10 is deformed toward the sphere storage hole 18 in the form of being pushed by the caulking protrusion 54. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the sphere storage hole 18 is brought into close contact with the steel ball 12 while suppressing the bulge of the tip surface 17 of the work 10, and the work 10 is crimped and fixed.

(2) In the cross section of the caulking protrusion 54 when cut through the axis of the caulking pin 43, the inclination angle of the inward slope 55 with respect to the tip surface 17 of the work 10 is 25 plus or minus 5 degrees, and the inclination of the outward slope 56 is 25. The angle is 45 plus or minus 5 degrees. Therefore, in particular, the tip surface 17 of the work 10 facing the inward slope 55 of the caulking protrusion 54 is pressed by the inward slope 55 and deformed in the direction of reducing the diameter of the sphere storage hole 18, and the tip surface 17 of the work 10 is deformed. Uplifting deformation is suppressed.

(3) A flat surface portion 52 parallel to the tip surface 17 of the work 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the caulking protrusion 54. Therefore, when the caulking protrusion 54 bites into the tip surface, the bulge of the tip surface 17 at a position facing the outer periphery is restricted.

(4) Since the caulking protrusion 54 is formed in an annular shape, the tip surface 17 can be crimped over the entire circumference of the steel ball 12.
(5) Since the bulge of the tip surface 17 of the valve body 11 is suppressed, there is no problem that the bulge portion interferes with other members when used as a spherical valve.

(6) At the time of caulking, the outside punch 42 is fitted onto the small diameter portion 14 of the work 10 to prevent the small diameter portion 14 from being deformed outward. Therefore, the work 10 is more likely to be deformed inward during the caulking process.

(7) Since the work 10 can be crimped to manufacture a spherical valve by caulking, the time required for the process is shorter than that of squeezing, and the cost is reduced.
The above embodiment may be changed as follows.

The shape of the valve body 11 is not limited to this embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 11a, the small diameter portion 14 may be longer and the upper portion (shoulder portion) of the large diameter portion 13 may be spherical. Further, as shown in FIG. 11b, the small diameter portion 14 may be formed long. Further, the small diameter portion 14 may be tapered as shown in FIG. 11c, the upper portion of the small diameter portion 14 may be tapered as shown in FIG. 11d, and there is no small diameter portion as shown in FIG. 11e. Only the large diameter portion 13 may be used.

The cross-sectional shape of the caulking protrusion 54 is not limited to this embodiment. For example, as shown in FIGS. 12a and 12b, there may be no flat surface portion on the outer peripheral side, and as shown in FIG. 12c, there may be no top surface.
The caulking protrusion 54 does not have to be the annular shape of the present embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 13a, linear caulking protrusions 54 may be formed around the recesses at regular intervals (90 degree intervals in the figure), and the shape of the caulking protrusions 54 may be wedge-shaped as shown in FIG. 13b. good. Further, the annular caulking projection 54 of the present embodiment may have an arc shape with a part cut out in the circumferential direction.

The shape of the spherical storage hole 18 does not have to be the cylindrical shape of the present embodiment as shown in FIG. 14a. For example, the bottom surface may be spherical as shown in FIG. 14b, or the bottom surface may be conical as shown in FIG. 14c.

-The orientation of the caulking device 20 may be changed. In the present embodiment, the configuration is such that the work 10 is crimped from above, but the work 10 may be arranged sideways and crimped from the side. In this case, if the work support portion 30 takes the work discharge position after caulking and the work 10 (valve body) is configured to fall downward by its own weight, a mechanism related to work discharge becomes unnecessary.

-The sphere may not be the steel ball 12 of the present embodiment, but may be another metal or a non-metal such as ceramic.
-It is not necessary to provide a deformation prevention jig. Further, the deformation prevention jig may be integrated with the caulking pin 43 to form a cylindrical portion on the outer periphery of the caulking portion 51 so that the cylindrical portion is internally fitted on the outer periphery of the work 10 at the same time as caulking.

10 ... Work 11 ... Valve body 12 ... Steel ball (sphere)
17 ... Tip surface 18 ... Sphere storage hole (hole)
20 ... Caulking device 30 ... Work support part 40 ... Caulking part 42 ... Outside punch (deformation prevention jig)
43 ... Caulking pin 51 ... Caulking part (pressing part)
52 ... Flat surface portion 54 ... Caulking protrusion 55 ... Inward slope 56 ... Outward slope

Claims (5)

It is a method of manufacturing a spherical valve that crimps and fixes the valve body and the sphere housed in the hole of the valve body.
A caulking protrusion having an inward slope of 20 to 30 degrees and an outward slope of 40 to 50 degrees is pressed against the tip surface around the hole in the valve body to press the tip surface. A method for manufacturing a spherical valve, which comprises deforming and crimping and fixing a spherical body stored in a hole and a valve body. The method for manufacturing a spherical valve according to claim 1, wherein the caulking fixing is performed in a state where the outer periphery of the tip surface is covered with a deformation prevention jig. A caulking tool that crimps the tip surface of a valve body and fixes a sphere housed in a hole formed in the tip surface.
A caulking tool provided with a caulking protrusion having an inward slope of 20 to 30 degrees and an outward slope of 40 to 50 degrees with respect to the tip surface. The caulking tool according to claim 3, wherein the caulking protrusion is formed in an annular shape on the pressing surface of the caulking tool. The caulking tool according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a flat surface portion is provided on the outer periphery of the caulking protrusion.

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