JP2021131639A - Fire warning facility - Google Patents

Fire warning facility Download PDF

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JP2021131639A
JP2021131639A JP2020025611A JP2020025611A JP2021131639A JP 2021131639 A JP2021131639 A JP 2021131639A JP 2020025611 A JP2020025611 A JP 2020025611A JP 2020025611 A JP2020025611 A JP 2020025611A JP 2021131639 A JP2021131639 A JP 2021131639A
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power supply
commercial
power
detection signal
fire
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賢昭 外村
Toshiaki Tonomura
賢昭 外村
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Hochiki Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

Abstract

To prevent a blackout (huge power outage) with a sharp decrease of a power supply amount by effectively utilizing a standby power source with a battery when an earthquake occurs.SOLUTION: A fire warning facility 10 performs: monitoring a fire by connecting fire sensors 15 to signal lines 14-1, 14-2 pulled out of an R-type receiver 12; operating by receiving power supply from a commercial AC power source at normal time; and operating by performing changeover into a standby power source of a battery 50 when the commercial AC power source is interrupted. The R-type receiver 12 includes: an earthquake detector 42 for detecting an earthquake; and a frequency drop detector 44 for detecting a frequency drop in the commercial AC power source. A power demand control section 56 of the R-type receiver 12 allows the facility to be operated by performing changeover from the commercial AC power source into the standby power source based on an earthquake detection signal and a frequency drop detection signal, thereby reducing a power demand amount of the commercial AC power source.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、受信機から引き出された信号回線に火災感知器を接続して火災を監視し、商用交流電源の停電時にバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する火災報知設備に関する。 The present invention relates to a fire alarm system that operates by connecting a fire detector to a signal line drawn from a receiver to monitor a fire and switching to a backup power source using a battery in the event of a power failure of a commercial AC power source.

従来、震度５を超えるような揺れの大きな地震が発生した場合、北海道、東北、関東、中部、近畿、中国、四国、九州とった電力供給地域の全域が停電するブラックアウト（大停電）が問題となっている。 Conventionally, when a large earthquake with a seismic intensity of over 5 occurs, the problem is blackout (power outage) in which the entire power supply area such as Hokkaido, Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu, Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku, and Kyushu is cut off. It has become.

周知のように、電気は貯蔵することができないので、供給と需要を常に同じにすることが必要である。商用交流の周波数は５０Ｈｚ又は６０Ｈｚに設定されており、周波数は電気の需要と供給のバランスで変化する。周波数を一定に保つためには、家庭や工場で消費される電力需要量と総発電量を一致させる必要がある。需要が供給より大きいと周波数は下がり、逆に需要より供給が大きくなると周波数は上昇する。 As is well known, electricity cannot be stored, so it is necessary to keep supply and demand the same at all times. The frequency of commercial alternating current is set to 50 Hz or 60 Hz, and the frequency changes according to the balance between supply and demand of electricity. In order to keep the frequency constant, it is necessary to match the amount of electricity consumed in homes and factories with the amount of total power generation. When the demand is larger than the supply, the frequency goes down, and conversely, when the supply is larger than the demand, the frequency goes up.

周波数が０．２Ｈｚ程度変動すると一部の需要家の機器に悪影響が生じ、また、数パーセントの周波数変動が起きると、タービン翼共振や発電機軸のねじれを防ぐため発電機を停止せざるを得なくなる。このため電力会社は需要を予測しながら発電量を細かく増減させ、周波数が一定に保たれるように調整している。 If the frequency fluctuates by about 0.2Hz, some consumers' equipment will be adversely affected, and if the frequency fluctuates by a few percent, the generator must be stopped to prevent turbine blade resonance and twisting of the generator shaft. It disappears. For this reason, electric power companies finely increase or decrease the amount of power generation while forecasting demand, and adjust the frequency so that it is kept constant.

しかし、地震による大きな揺れを受けたとき、発電機が緊急停止する場合があり、電力供給量の大半が一挙に失われると、周波数が急激に下がり、発電所は周波数低下による故障を防ぐために次々と自動停止し、停電が全域に広がって広域停電となるブラックアウトに至る。 However, in the event of a large tremor caused by an earthquake, the generator may stop in an emergency, and if most of the power supply is lost at once, the frequency will drop sharply, and the power plants will continue to prevent failures due to the frequency drop. It automatically stops, and the power outage spreads over the entire area, leading to a blackout that results in a wide-area power outage.

このように地震により電力供給量が激減したときに、大口顧客や一部の地域に対する電力供給を停止して電力需要量を大きく減らすことができれば、周波数の低下が抑制され、隣接した地域から電力供給を受けるなどすることで、ブラックアウトを逃れることが可能となる。 If the power supply to large customers and some areas can be stopped and the power demand can be significantly reduced when the power supply is drastically reduced due to the earthquake, the frequency decrease will be suppressed and the power will be supplied from the adjacent area. It is possible to escape the blackout by receiving supply.

また、地震による発電量の低下に対し電力需要量を調整するため計画停電を行う場合もあるが、計画停電は一日の電力需要に合わせて需要者に計画で指示された節電を求めるものであり、地震発生直後に短時間で発生する電力供給量の激減には十分に対応できない。 In addition, rolling blackouts may be carried out in order to adjust the amount of power demand in response to the decrease in power generation due to the earthquake, but rolling blackouts require consumers to save electricity as instructed in the plan according to the daily power demand. Therefore, it is not possible to sufficiently cope with the drastic decrease in the amount of power supply that occurs in a short time immediately after the occurrence of an earthquake.

特開２０１３−１１５８８５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-1158585 特開２０１７−０１０３５６号公報JP-A-2017-010356

電力会社が地震による電力供給量の急減に対し、大口需要者や特定の地域への電力供給を止めて電力需要量を減らす電力調整を行うことは、地震の規模や地震による被害の状況が把握できない状況で適切且つ迅速に行うことが困難であり、電力需要に対し電力供給が激減してバランスが崩れることで周波数が低下し、発電所の自動停止を引き起こしてブラックアウトに至る可能性が高い。 When an electric power company makes a power adjustment to reduce the power demand by stopping the power supply to large consumers or a specific area in response to the sudden decrease in the power supply due to the earthquake, the scale of the earthquake and the damage caused by the earthquake can be grasped. It is difficult to do it properly and quickly in situations where it is not possible, and there is a high possibility that the power supply will drop sharply in response to the power demand and the balance will be lost, causing the frequency to drop, causing the power plant to shut down automatically, leading to blackout. ..

ところで、受信機から引き出された火災感知器により火災を監視する火災報知設備等の防災設備にあっては、通常時は商用交流電源の供給により動作しているが、商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作するようにしている。 By the way, disaster prevention equipment such as a fire alarm system that monitors a fire with a fire detector drawn from a receiver normally operates by supplying a commercial AC power supply, but when the commercial AC power supply fails. Is switched to a standby power supply with a battery to operate.

受信機の予備電源に設けられたバッテリーは、通常時と火災時に分けてバッテリー駆動を可能とする容量換算時間が定められており、受信機用の場合、通常時は１．８時間、火災時は０．６時間となっている。このためバッテリーによる予備電源を備えた火災報知設備にあっては、例えば、地震発生により停電となっても予備電源により所定時間は正常に動作することができる
このようにバッテリーによる予備電源を備えた火災報知設備は、電力会社の電力供給地域全体を見ると膨大な数となり、地震発生時に火災報知設備を含む全ての防災設備をバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作できれば、電力需要量を大きく減らことが可能となる。 The battery provided in the backup power supply of the receiver has a capacity conversion time that enables the battery to be driven separately during normal times and during fires. For receivers, 1.8 hours during normal times and during fires Is 0.6 hours. For this reason, a fire alarm system equipped with a battery-based backup power supply can operate normally for a predetermined time with the standby power supply even if a power failure occurs due to an earthquake, for example. The number of fire alarm systems is enormous when looking at the entire power supply area of electric power companies, and if all disaster prevention equipment including fire alarm systems can be switched to battery-powered backup power sources in the event of an earthquake, the amount of power demand will be greatly reduced. Is possible.

本発明は、地震発生時にバッテリーによる予備電源を有効に活用することで、電力供給量の激減に伴うブラックアウト（大停電）を未然に防止可能とする火災報知設備を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a fire alarm system that can prevent a blackout (major power outage) due to a drastic decrease in power supply by effectively utilizing a backup power source from a battery in the event of an earthquake. ..

（火災報知設備）
本発明は、受信機から引き出された信号回線に火災感知器を接続して火災を監視し、通常時は商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する火災報知設備に於いて、
受信機に、
所定震度以上又は所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、
所定値以上又は所定値を超える商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、
地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づき、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部と、
が設けられたことを特徴とする。 (Fire alarm system)
In the present invention, a fire detector is connected to a signal line drawn from a receiver to monitor a fire, and normally operates by being supplied with a commercial AC power supply, and when the commercial AC power supply fails, a battery reserve is used. In a fire alarm system that operates by switching to a power source
To the receiver
An earthquake detector that detects an earthquake with a specified seismic intensity or higher or exceeds a specified seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal.
A frequency drop detector that detects a frequency drop of a commercial AC power supply that exceeds or exceeds a predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal.
A power demand control unit that reduces the power demand of a commercial AC power supply by switching from a commercial AC power supply to a backup power supply based on the earthquake detection signal and frequency drop detection signal.
Is provided.

（分散システムの中継盤）
受信機に対しネットワーク回線を介して１又は複数の中継盤が接続され、中継盤から引き出された信号回線に火災感知器を接続して火災を監視し、中継盤は通常時に商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する分散システムが構成されており、
中継盤に、
所定震度以上又は所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、
所定値以上又は所定値を超える商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、
地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づき、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部と、
が設けられる。 (Distributed system relay board)
One or more relay boards are connected to the receiver via a network line, and a fire detector is connected to the signal line drawn from the relay board to monitor the fire, and the relay board normally supplies commercial AC power. A distributed system is configured that operates in response to a power failure and switches to a battery-powered backup power supply in the event of a power failure.
On the relay board,
An earthquake detector that detects an earthquake with a specified seismic intensity or higher or exceeds a specified seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal.
A frequency drop detector that detects a frequency drop of a commercial AC power supply that exceeds or exceeds a predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal.
A power demand control unit that reduces the power demand of a commercial AC power supply by switching from a commercial AC power supply to a backup power supply based on the earthquake detection signal and frequency drop detection signal.
Is provided.

（地震検出と周波数低下検出による予備電源切替）
電力需要制御部は、
地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の両方を受信したときに、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる。 (Switching backup power by seismic detection and frequency drop detection)
The power demand control unit
When both the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received, the power demand of the commercial AC power supply is reduced by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply for operation.

（周波数低下検出のみによる予備電源切替）
電力需要制御部は、
地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の両方を受信したときは、商用交流電源の供給による動作を継続し、
地震検出信号を受信せずに周波数低下検出信号のみを受信したときは、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる。 (Battery power switching only by frequency drop detection)
The power demand control unit
When both the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received, the operation by supplying commercial AC power is continued, and the operation is continued.
When only the frequency drop detection signal is received without receiving the earthquake detection signal, the power demand of the commercial AC power supply is reduced by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply for operation.

（需要抑制要請）
電力需要制御部は、
商用電源の供給設備側から需要抑制要請信号を受信したときに、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の受信有無に関わらず、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる。 (Demand restraint request)
The power demand control unit
When a demand suppression request signal is received from the supply facility side of the commercial power supply, the commercial AC power supply can be operated by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply regardless of whether the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received. Reduce electricity demand.

（予備電源切替時の省電力モード）
電力需要制御部は、
商用交流電源から予備電源に切り替えたときに省電力モードを設定し、火災監視に最小限必要な所定の省電力監視制御を行う。 (Power saving mode when switching standby power supply)
The power demand control unit
The power saving mode is set when the commercial AC power supply is switched to the standby power supply, and the predetermined power saving monitoring control required for fire monitoring is performed.

（障害警報動作等の停止による省電力）
電力需要制御部は、
省電力モードを設定したときに、少なくとも受信機又は中継盤による障害警報動作を停止させる。 (Power saving by stopping failure alarm operation, etc.)
The power demand control unit
When the power saving mode is set, at least the failure alarm operation by the receiver or the relay board is stopped.

（定常監視表示の停止による省電力）
電力需要制御部は、
省電力モードを設定したときに、受信機に設けられた表示部の定常監視表示を停止させる。 (Power saving by stopping the steady monitoring display)
The power demand control unit
When the power saving mode is set, the steady monitoring display of the display unit provided on the receiver is stopped.

（所定時間後の商用交流電源への切替復旧）
電力需要制御部は、
予備電源に切り替えてから所定時間が経過したときに、予備電源から商用交流電源に切替えて復旧させる。 (Recovery by switching to commercial AC power supply after a specified time)
The power demand control unit
When a predetermined time has passed after switching to the standby power supply, the standby power supply is switched to the commercial AC power supply for recovery.

（火災検出時の商用交流電源への切替復旧）
電力需要制御部は、
予備電源に切り替えた状態で火災感知器から火災信号を受信したときに、予備電源から商用交流電源に切替えて復旧させる。 (Recovery by switching to commercial AC power supply when a fire is detected)
The power demand control unit
When a fire signal is received from the fire detector while the standby power supply is switched to, the standby power supply is switched to the commercial AC power supply for recovery.

（防災設備）
本発明の他の形態にあっては、通常時は商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する防災設備に於いて、
所定震度以上又は所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、
所定値以上又は所定値を超える商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、
地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づき、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部と、
が設けられたことを特徴とする。 (Disaster prevention equipment)
In another embodiment of the present invention, in a disaster prevention facility that normally operates by being supplied with a commercial AC power supply and that operates by switching to a standby power supply using a battery when the commercial AC power supply fails.
An earthquake detector that detects an earthquake with a specified seismic intensity or higher or exceeds a specified seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal.
A frequency drop detector that detects a frequency drop of a commercial AC power supply that exceeds or exceeds a predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal.
A power demand control unit that reduces the power demand of a commercial AC power supply by switching from a commercial AC power supply to a backup power supply based on the earthquake detection signal and frequency drop detection signal.
Is provided.

（基本的な効果）
本発明は、受信機から引き出された信号回線に火災感知器を接続して火災を監視し、通常時は商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する火災報知設備に於いて、受信機に、所定震度以上又は所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、所定値以上又は所定値を超える商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づき、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部とが設けられたため、例えば震度５を超えるような大きな揺れの地震が発生し、地震に伴う発電所の自動停止等により発電量が激減して商用交流電源の周波数が低下すると、商用交流電源からバッテリーによる予備電源に切り替えられ、電力供給地域に存在する施設に設置された多数の火災報知設備がバッテリーによる予備電源の動作に切り替わり、商用交流電源の使用が停止することで電力需要量が大きく低下し、これに加えて大口需要者や限られた一部地域に対する電力供給の停止を行うことによって、激減した電力供給量とのバランス調整が可能となり、周波数低下に伴い引き起こされる発電所の自動停止を抑制し、ほぼ全域が停電するブラックアウトに陥ることを未然に抑制可能とする。 (Basic effect)
The present invention monitors a fire by connecting a fire detector to the signal line drawn from the receiver, operates by receiving the supply of commercial AC power in normal times, and reserves with a battery when the commercial AC power is cut off. In fire alarm equipment that operates by switching to a power source, an earthquake detector that detects an earthquake with a predetermined seismic intensity or higher or exceeds a predetermined seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal to a receiver, and a commercial product with a predetermined value or higher or a predetermined value or higher. A commercial AC power supply by switching from a commercial AC power supply to a standby power supply based on a frequency reduction detector that detects the frequency decrease of the AC power supply and outputs a frequency reduction detection signal, and an earthquake detection signal and a frequency reduction detection signal. Because a power demand control unit is provided to reduce the amount of power demand, for example, a large shaking earthquake with a seismic intensity of over 5 occurs, and the amount of power generated is drastically reduced due to the automatic shutdown of the power plant due to the earthquake, etc. When the frequency of the power supply drops, the commercial AC power supply is switched to the standby power supply using the battery, and many fire alarm facilities installed in the facilities in the power supply area switch to the operation of the standby power supply using the battery, and the commercial AC power supply is used. By stopping the power supply to large consumers and limited areas, it is possible to adjust the balance with the drastically reduced power supply. It suppresses the automatic shutdown of the power plant caused by the frequency drop, and makes it possible to suppress the blackout that causes a power failure in almost the entire area.

（分散システムの中継盤による効果）
また、受信機に対しネットワーク回線を介して１又は複数の中継盤が接続され、中継盤から引き出された信号回線に火災感知器を接続して火災を監視し、中継盤は通常時に商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する分散システムが構成されており、中継盤に、所定震度以上又は所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、所定値以上又は所定値を超える商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づき、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部とが設けられたため、複数の住棟等の施設を対象に受信機からのネットワーク回線に接続される分散システムの中継盤についても、地震発生と周波数低下に基づきバッテリーによる予備電源の動作に切り替えられ、複数の中継盤による商用交流電源の使用が停止することで電力需要量を大きく低減し、地震により激減した電力供給量とのバランス調整が更に行い易くすることができる。 (Effect of the relay board of the distributed system)
In addition, one or more relay boards are connected to the receiver via a network line, and a fire detector is connected to the signal line drawn from the relay board to monitor the fire, and the relay board is a commercial AC power supply at normal times. A distributed system is configured that operates by receiving the supply of the AC power supply and switches to a standby power supply using a battery when the commercial AC power supply fails. An earthquake detector that outputs an earthquake detection signal, a frequency drop detector that detects a frequency drop of a commercial AC power supply that exceeds or exceeds a predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal, and an earthquake detection signal and a frequency drop detection signal. Based on the above, a power demand control unit was provided to reduce the power demand of the commercial AC power supply by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply. The relay board of the distributed system connected to the network line of the above is also switched to the operation of the standby power supply by the battery based on the occurrence of the earthquake and the frequency decrease, and the use of the commercial AC power supply by the multiple relay boards is stopped, so that the power demand amount. Can be greatly reduced, and the balance adjustment with the power supply amount drastically reduced due to the earthquake can be further facilitated.

（地震検出と周波数低下検出による予備電源切替の効果）
また、電力需要制御部は、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の両方方を受信したときに、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させるようにしたため、震源に近い強い揺れを受けた場所の火災報知設備がバッテリーによる予備電源の動作に切り替わって電力需要量の低下に貢献できる。 (Effect of backup power switching by earthquake detection and frequency drop detection)
In addition, when the power demand control unit receives both the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal, it switches from the commercial AC power supply to the backup power supply and operates it so as to reduce the power demand amount of the commercial AC power supply. Therefore, the fire alarm equipment in the place near the earthquake source that received strong shaking can switch to the operation of the backup power supply by the battery, which can contribute to the reduction of the electric power demand.

（周波数低下検出のみによる予備電源切替のみの効果）
また、電力需要制御部は、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の両方を受信したときは、商用交流電源の供給による動作を継続し、地震検出信号を受信せずに周波数低下検出信号のみを受信したときは、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させるようにしたため、震源から離れた場所に設置された火災報知設備であっても、周波数の低下によりバッテリーによる予備電源の動作に切り替わることで電力需要量の低下に貢献し、一方、地震に近い強い揺れを受けた場所の火災報知設備は商用交流電源の動作を継続し、地震により発生した火災を確実に検出して警報することができる。 (Effect of backup power switching only by frequency drop detection only)
When the power demand control unit receives both the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal, it continues the operation by supplying the commercial AC power supply and receives only the frequency drop detection signal without receiving the earthquake detection signal. When this happens, the power demand of the commercial AC power supply is reduced by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply, so even if the fire alarm equipment is installed in a place away from the earthquake source, the frequency will be reduced. It contributes to the decrease in power demand by switching to the operation of the standby power supply by the battery due to the decrease in power consumption, while the fire alarm equipment in the place where the strong shaking near the earthquake continues the operation of the commercial AC power supply It is possible to reliably detect and warn of a fire that has occurred.

（需要抑制要請の効果）
また、電力需要制御部は、商用電源の供給設備側から需要抑制要請信号を受信したときに、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の受信有無に関わらず、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させるようにしたため、地震の影響を受けていない地域であっても、ネットワークを経由した電力会社サーバ等からの需要抑制要請信号を受信すると、バッテリーによる予備電源の動作に切り替わり、電力需要量の低下に貢献できる。 (Effect of demand restraint request)
Further, when the power demand control unit receives the demand suppression request signal from the supply facility side of the commercial power supply, the power demand control unit operates by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply regardless of whether or not the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received. By doing so, the power demand of the commercial AC power supply is reduced, so even in areas that are not affected by the earthquake, when a demand suppression request signal is received from the power company server, etc. via the network, the battery will be used. It can contribute to the reduction of power demand by switching to the operation of the standby power supply.

（予備電源切替時の省電力モードによる効果）
また、電力需要制御部は、商用交流電源から予備電源に切り替えたときに省電力モードを設定し、火災監視に最小限必要な所定の省電力監視制御を行い、例えば、省電力モードを設定したときに、少なくとも受信機又は中継盤による障害警報動作を停止させ、また、
受信機に設けられた表示部の定常監視表示を停止させるようにしたため、商用交流電源からバッテリーによる予備電源の動作に切り替わったときに、火災監視に最小限必要な所定の省電力監視制御によりバッテリーの消費電力が抑えられ、バッテリーによる動作時間を長くし、周波数調整のために電力需要量を低下させている時間を可能な限り伸ばすことができる。 (Effect of power saving mode when switching standby power supply)
In addition, the power demand control unit sets the power saving mode when switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply, performs the predetermined power saving monitoring control necessary for fire monitoring, and sets, for example, the power saving mode. Occasionally, at least the fault alarm operation by the receiver or relay board is stopped, and
Since the steady monitoring display of the display unit provided on the receiver is stopped, when the operation of the standby power supply by the battery is switched from the commercial AC power supply, the battery is controlled by the predetermined power saving monitoring control that is the minimum necessary for fire monitoring. The power consumption of the battery can be reduced, the operating time of the battery can be extended, and the time during which the power demand is reduced due to frequency adjustment can be extended as much as possible.

（所定時間後の商用交流電源への切替復旧による効果）
また、電力需要制御部は、予備電源に切り替えてから所定時間が経過したときに、予備電源から商用交流電源に切替えて復旧させるようにしたため、火災報知設備の予備電源による動作可能時間は、バッテリーの容量換算時間に基づき決まっており、例えば、バッテリーの容量換算時間に到達してバッテリー切れとなる前に商用交流電源に切替え復旧することで、火災監視機能が失われないようにする。また、バッテリーの容量換算時間に基づく所定時間、商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下できるので、その間に、電力会社は緊急停止した発電機の起動や他の電力会社からの給電を受けて電力供給量を回復させる時間が確保され、時間に余裕をもって電力供給量を回復させる対応措置を講ずることが可能となる。 (Effect of switching to commercial AC power supply after a predetermined time)
In addition, the power demand control unit switches from the backup power supply to the commercial AC power supply and restores it when a predetermined time has passed after switching to the standby power supply. It is determined based on the capacity conversion time of, for example, by switching to a commercial AC power supply and recovering before the battery capacity conversion time is reached and the battery runs out, the fire monitoring function is not lost. In addition, the power demand of the commercial AC power supply can be reduced for a predetermined time based on the capacity conversion time of the battery, and during that time, the power company supplies power by starting the generator that has stopped urgently or receiving power from another power company. The time to recover the amount is secured, and it becomes possible to take countermeasures to recover the power supply amount with a margin in time.

（火災検出時の商用交流電源への切替復旧の効果）
また、電力需要制御部は、予備電源に切り替えた状態で火災感知器から火災信号を受信したときに、予備電源から商用交流電源に切替えて復旧させるようにしたため、火災が検出されたときには、バッテリーを用いた予備電源の動作による制約を受けることなく、主音響鳴動、地区音響鳴動、防排煙機器の連動といった火災警報制御を確実に行うことを可能とする。 (Effect of switching to commercial AC power supply when fire is detected)
In addition, the power demand control unit switches from the backup power supply to the commercial AC power supply to recover when a fire signal is received from the fire detector while the standby power supply is switched to. Therefore, when a fire is detected, the battery is used. It is possible to reliably perform fire alarm control such as main sound ringing, district sound ringing, and interlocking of smoke prevention equipment without being restricted by the operation of the backup power supply using.

（防災設備の効果）
また、本発明の他の形態にあっては、通常時は商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する防災設備に於いて、所定震度以上又は所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、所定値以上又は所定値を超える商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づき、商用交流電源から予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、商用交流電源の需要を低下させる電力需要制御部とが設けられたため、火災報知設備に限定されず、バッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する防災設備の全てが地震発生時の電力需要量の低下に貢献することができ、電力需要量の低下量を更に増大させ、周波数調整を更に行い易くすることができる。 (Effect of disaster prevention equipment)
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, in a disaster prevention facility that normally operates by being supplied with a commercial AC power supply and operates by switching to a standby power supply using a battery when the commercial AC power supply fails. A frequency that detects an earthquake with a specified seismic intensity or higher or exceeds a specified seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal, and a frequency that detects a frequency drop of a commercial AC power supply that is equal to or higher than a predetermined value or exceeds a predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal. A fire alarm is provided because a drop detector and a power demand control unit that reduces the demand for the commercial AC power supply by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the standby power supply based on the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are provided. Not limited to equipment, all disaster prevention equipment that operates by switching to a battery-powered standby power supply can contribute to the reduction of power demand in the event of an earthquake, further increase the reduction of power demand, and adjust the frequency. It can be made easier.

火災報知設備に商用交流電源を供給する電力系統を示した説明図Explanatory drawing showing the power system that supplies commercial AC power to the fire alarm system Ｒ型受信機を用いた火災報知設備の実施形態を示した説明図Explanatory drawing which showed embodiment of fire alarm equipment using R type receiver 図２の火災報知設備のＲ型受信機における制御動作を示したフローチャートA flowchart showing the control operation of the R-type receiver of the fire alarm system of FIG. 分散システムの実施形態を示した説明図Explanatory drawing showing an embodiment of a distributed system

以下に、本発明に係る火災報知設備の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する 。なお、以下の実施の形態によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the fire alarm system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

［実施の形態の基本的概念］
まずは、実施の形態の基本的概念について説明する。実施の形態は、概略的に、火災報知設備に関するものである。 [Basic concept of the embodiment]
First, the basic concept of the embodiment will be described. Embodiments generally relate to fire alarm equipment.

「火災報知設備」とは、火災を監視し、報知する設備であり、例えば、火災感知器、受信機等を備える。また、通常時は商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、商用交流電源が停電した場合は予備電源に切り替えて動作するものである。「商用交流電源」とは、発電所で発電される電力を、変電所を経由して変換された商用電源であり、例えば、ＡＣ１００Ｖ、周波数５０Ｈｚ又は６０Ｈｚの交流電源等を含む概念である。「発電所」とは、水力発電所、火力発電所、及び原子力発電所等を含む概念である。「予備電源」とは、商用交流電源の代わりに火災報知設備に電力を供給する電源であり、例えば、火災報知設備が備えるバッテリーによるもの等を含む概念である。 The "fire alarm system" is equipment that monitors and notifies a fire, and includes, for example, a fire detector, a receiver, and the like. In addition, it normally operates by receiving the supply of a commercial AC power supply, and when the commercial AC power supply fails, it operates by switching to a backup power supply. The "commercial AC power source" is a commercial power source obtained by converting the electric power generated at a power plant via a substation, and is a concept including, for example, an AC power source having an AC of 100 V and a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. "Power plant" is a concept including a hydroelectric power plant, a thermal power plant, a nuclear power plant, and the like. The "standby power source" is a power source that supplies electric power to a fire alarm system instead of a commercial AC power source, and is a concept including, for example, a battery provided in the fire alarm system.

また、「火災感知器」とは、受信機から引き出された信号回線に接続され、火災を検知する機器である。 A "fire detector" is a device that is connected to a signal line drawn from a receiver to detect a fire.

また、「受信機」とは、端末機器と接続し、警戒区域の火災を監視する機器であり、火災報知設備の電源を制御する機器でもあり、例えば、地震検知器、周波数低下検出器、受信機電源、及び電力需要制御部を備え、Ｒ型受信機又はＰ型受信機等を含む概念である。「Ｒ型受信機」とは、警戒区域に対し系統毎に分けて信号回線を配線する受信機であり、一方「Ｐ型受信機」とは、端末機器毎に信号回線を配線する受信機である。「端末機器」とは、受信機から引き出された信号回線に接続される機器であり、火災感知器、中継器等を含む概念である。「受信機」のさらなる詳細な機能構成については後述する。 A "receiver" is a device that is connected to a terminal device to monitor a fire in a warning area, and is also a device that controls the power supply of a fire alarm system. For example, an earthquake detector, a frequency drop detector, and a receiver. It is a concept that includes a machine power supply and a power demand control unit, and includes an R-type receiver, a P-type receiver, and the like. The "R-type receiver" is a receiver that wires the signal line for each system in the caution area, while the "P-type receiver" is the receiver that wires the signal line for each terminal device. be. The "terminal device" is a device connected to a signal line drawn from a receiver, and is a concept including a fire detector, a repeater, and the like. A more detailed functional configuration of the "receiver" will be described later.

また、「地震検知器」とは、地震を検出する機能部であり、例えば、所定震度以上又は所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する機能部等を含む概念である。「所定震度以上又は超える地震」とは、例えば、被害が予想される震度５強を超える地震等である。 Further, the "earthquake detector" is a functional unit that detects an earthquake, and is a concept including, for example, a functional unit that detects an earthquake having a predetermined seismic intensity or higher or exceeds a predetermined seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal. The “earthquake with or above a predetermined seismic intensity” is, for example, an earthquake with a seismic intensity of 5 or higher, which is expected to be damaged.

また、「周波数低下検出器」とは、商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出する機能部であり、例えば、所定値以上又は所定値を超える商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する機能部等を含む概念である。「所定値以上又は超える商用交流電源の周波数低下」とは、例えば、日常的に０．２Ｈｚ以下に周波数変動が調整されていることから、１Ｈｚ以上の周波数低下、又は１パーセント以上の周波数低下等である。 The "frequency drop detector" is a functional unit that detects the frequency drop of the commercial AC power supply. For example, the frequency drop detection signal is detected by detecting the frequency drop of the commercial AC power supply that is equal to or higher than the predetermined value or exceeds the predetermined value. It is a concept that includes a functional part to output. "Frequency decrease of commercial AC power supply above or above a predetermined value" means, for example, frequency decrease of 1 Hz or more, frequency decrease of 1% or more, etc. because frequency fluctuation is adjusted to 0.2 Hz or less on a daily basis. Is.

また、「受信機電源」とは、受信機に設けられる電源であり、例えば、電源回路部、予備電源部、及び電源切替部等を備える。「電源回路部」とは、通常時に電源を供給する機能部であり、例えば、商用交流電源からの供給を受けて、火災報知設備各部に直流電源電圧を供給する機能部等を含む概念である。「予備電源部」とは、通常時でないときに電源を供給する機能部であり、例えば、商用交流電源が停電した場合に、火災報知設備が備えるバッテリーによる予備電源を火災報知設備各部に供給する機能部等を含む概念である。「電源切替部」とは、使用する電源を切り替える機能部であり、例えば、商用交流電源が正常な場合は電源回路部から供給し、商用交流電源が停電した場合は予備電源部からの供給に切り替える機能部等を含む概念である。 The "receiver power supply" is a power supply provided in the receiver, and includes, for example, a power supply circuit unit, a backup power supply unit, a power supply switching unit, and the like. The "power supply circuit unit" is a functional unit that supplies power during normal operation, and is a concept including, for example, a functional unit that receives supply from a commercial AC power source and supplies a DC power supply voltage to each part of the fire alarm system. .. The "standby power supply unit" is a functional unit that supplies power during non-normal times. For example, when a commercial AC power supply fails, the battery-powered standby power supply provided in the fire alarm system is supplied to each part of the fire alarm system. It is a concept that includes functional parts and the like. The "power supply switching unit" is a function unit that switches the power supply to be used. For example, when the commercial AC power supply is normal, it is supplied from the power supply circuit unit, and when the commercial AC power supply fails, it is supplied from the backup power supply unit. It is a concept that includes a function unit for switching.

また、「電力需要制御部」とは、火災報知設備の電源を制御する機能部であり、例えば、商用交流電源と予備電源の切り替え、省電力モードの設定等を行う。 The "power demand control unit" is a functional unit that controls the power supply of the fire alarm system, and for example, switches between a commercial AC power supply and a backup power supply, sets a power saving mode, and the like.

また、「商用交流電源と予備電源の切り替え」とは、例えば、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づき切り替えるもの、需要抑制要請信号を受信して切り替えるもの、予備電源に切り替えた状態で所定時間経過して切り替えるもの、予備電源に切り替えた状態で火災信号を受信して切り替えるもの等を含む概念である。「需要抑制要請信号」とは、例えば、電力会社のサーバ等からネットワークを経由して火災報知設備に送信される信号等を含む概念である。「火災信号」とは、火災感知器が火災を検出して、接続された信号回線を通して送信される信号等を含む概念である。 Further, "switching between commercial AC power supply and backup power supply" means, for example, switching based on an earthquake detection signal and a frequency drop detection signal, switching by receiving a demand suppression request signal, and switching to a backup power supply for a predetermined time. It is a concept that includes one that switches over time, one that receives a fire signal and switches while switching to a backup power supply, and so on. The "demand suppression request signal" is a concept including, for example, a signal transmitted from a server of an electric power company or the like to a fire alarm system via a network. The "fire signal" is a concept including a signal or the like transmitted through a connected signal line when a fire detector detects a fire.

また、「省電力モード」とは、予備電源に切り替えたときに、火災監視に最小限必要な所定の省電力監視制御を行うモードであり、例えば、受信機及び中継盤による障害警報動作を停止させる制御、及び受信機に設けられた表示部の定常監視表示を停止させる制御等を含む概念である。障害警報動作を停止させる制御、及び定常監視表示を停止させる制御については、後述する。 The "power saving mode" is a mode in which a predetermined power saving monitoring control required for fire monitoring is performed when the standby power supply is switched to. For example, the failure alarm operation by the receiver and the relay panel is stopped. It is a concept including control to stop the steady monitoring display of the display unit provided in the receiver, and the like. The control for stopping the fault alarm operation and the control for stopping the steady monitoring display will be described later.

また、「分散システム」とは、大規模な監視対象に対する火災報知設備システムであり、例えば、火災感知器、受信機に加えて、中継盤等を備える。「大規模な監視対象」とは、複数の住棟に分かれている施設等を含む概念である。「中継盤」とは、分散システム内で中継される機器であり、例えば、複数の住棟毎に設置され、受信機に対しネットワーク回線を介して接続され、受信機と同様に地震検知器、周波数低下検出器、及び電力需要制御部を備える機器等を含む概念である。 The "distributed system" is a fire alarm system for a large-scale monitoring target, and includes, for example, a relay board in addition to a fire detector and a receiver. "Large-scale monitoring target" is a concept that includes facilities that are divided into multiple residential buildings. A "relay board" is a device that is relayed in a distributed system. The concept includes a frequency drop detector, a device provided with a power demand control unit, and the like.

以下、具体的な実施の形態では、「受信機」はＲ型受信機であり、接続される信号回線は３系統とし、その内２系統は火災感知器、中継器等の端末機器を接続する火災監視系統とし、残りの１系統は端末機器である中継器を介して防火戸、防火ダンパー等の端末制御機器を接続する端末制御系統であり、予備電源となるバッテリーは受信機に設けられた場合について説明する。 Hereinafter, in a specific embodiment, the "receiver" is an R-type receiver, the signal lines to be connected are three systems, and two of them are connected to terminal devices such as a fire detector and a repeater. It is a fire monitoring system, and the remaining one is a terminal control system that connects terminal control devices such as fire doors and fire dampers via a repeater that is a terminal device, and a battery that serves as a backup power source is provided in the receiver. The case will be described.

［商用交流電源の電力系統］
まず、火災報知設備に商用交流電源を供給する電力系統について説明する。電力会社の電力供給地域に存在するビル等の床面積が５００平米を超える建物については火災報知設備の設置が義務付けられており、これにより電力供給地域には膨大な数の火災報知設備が存在している。 [Power system of commercial AC power supply]
First, the power system that supplies commercial AC power to the fire alarm system will be described. Buildings with a floor area of more than 500 square meters, such as buildings existing in the power supply area of the electric power company, are obliged to install fire alarm equipment, which causes a huge number of fire alarm equipment to exist in the electric power supply area. ing.

図１に示すように、商用交流電源の電力系統は、水力発電所１００、火力発電所１０２及び原子力発電所１０４で発電した２７．５万ボルト又は５０万ボルトの電気を超高圧変電所１０６に送って１５．４万ボルトに変換し、続いて１次変電所１０８を経由して鉄道施設１１０などに１５．４万ボルトで送ると共に６万６千ボルトに変換して中間変電所１１２及び配電用変電所１１６に送る。中間変電所１１２は大工場１１４等の大口需要者に６万６千ボルトの電気を送る。配電用変電所１１６は６万６千ボルトの電気を柱上変圧器１１８に送って１００ボルト又は２００ボルトに変換し、火災報知設備１０及び一般店舗や一般住宅に電気を送っている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the power system of the commercial AC power source transfers 275,000 volt or 500,000 volt electricity generated at the hydraulic power plant 100, the thermal power plant 102, and the nuclear power plant 104 to the ultra-high voltage substation 106. It is sent and converted to 154,000 volt, and then sent to the railway facility 110 etc. via the primary substation 108 at 154,000 volt and converted to 66,000 volt to be converted to the intermediate substation 112 and distribution. Send to substation 116. The intermediate substation 112 sends 66,000 volts of electricity to large consumers such as the large factory 114. The distribution substation 116 sends 66,000 volt electricity to the pole transformer 118 to convert it to 100 volt or 200 volt, and sends electricity to the fire alarm system 10 and general stores and houses.

火災報知設備１０は、通常時は電力系統により送られる商用交流電源ＡＣ１００Ｖにより動作しているが、地震が発生し、電力系統の周波数が低下すると、バッテリーによる予備電源の動作に切り替えられ、これにより火災報知設備１０は電力系統から切り離され、電力系統による電気需要量を低下させることができる。 The fire alarm equipment 10 is normally operated by the commercial AC power supply AC100V sent by the power system, but when an earthquake occurs and the frequency of the power system drops, it is switched to the operation of the standby power supply by the battery. The fire alarm equipment 10 is separated from the electric power system, and the amount of electricity required by the electric power system can be reduced.

［火災報知設備の構成］
次に、Ｒ型受信機を用いた火災報知設備の実施形態について説明する。図２は建物の一階の管理人室などに例えばＲ型受信機１２が設置され、Ｒ型受信機１２から警戒区域に対し系統毎に分けて信号回線１４−１〜１４−３が引き出されている。ここで、信号回線１４−１，１４−２は火災監視系統となり、信号回線１４−３は端末制御系統となる。 [Configuration of fire alarm system]
Next, an embodiment of a fire alarm system using an R-type receiver will be described. In FIG. 2, for example, an R-type receiver 12 is installed in a manager's room on the first floor of a building, and signal lines 14-1 to 14-3 are pulled out from the R-type receiver 12 for each system to the caution area. ing. Here, the signal lines 14-1 and 14-2 serve as a fire monitoring system, and the signal lines 14-3 serve as a terminal control system.

信号回線１４−１には、固有のアドレスが設定された伝送機能を有する複数のアナログ式の火災感知器１５が接続されている。また、信号回線１４−２には、アナログ式の火災感知器１５に加え、固有アドレスが設定されると共に伝送機能を備えた中継器１６が接続され、中継器１６から引き出された感知器回線１８にオンオフ式火災感知器２０が接続されている。オンオフ式火災感知器２０は、火災を検出したときに感知器回線１８に発報電流を流すことで火災検出信号を中継器１６に送信する。 A plurality of analog fire detectors 15 having a transmission function in which unique addresses are set are connected to the signal line 14-1. Further, in addition to the analog fire detector 15, a repeater 16 having a unique address and a transmission function is connected to the signal line 14-2, and the detector line 18 drawn from the repeater 16 is connected. An on / off type fire detector 20 is connected to the. When a fire is detected, the on / off type fire detector 20 transmits a fire detection signal to the repeater 16 by passing an alarm current through the detector line 18.

また、信号回線１４−１，１４−２には、必要に応じて、固有アドレスが設定されると共に伝送機能を備えた中継器を介してガス漏れ警報器や発信機を接続することができる。 Further, a gas leak alarm or a transmitter can be connected to the signal lines 14-1 and 14-2 via a repeater having a unique address and a transmission function, if necessary.

信号回線１４−３には、固有アドレスが設定されると共に伝送機能を備えた中継器１６を介して防火戸や防火ダンパーといった端末制御機器２２が接続される。 A terminal control device 22 such as a fire door or a fire damper is connected to the signal line 14-3 via a repeater 16 having a unique address and a transmission function.

ここで、信号回線１４−１〜１４−３に接続される火災感知器１５、中継器１６等の端末機器に設定される最大アドレス数は例えば２５５としており、信号回線１４−１〜１４−３のそれぞれには最大２５５台の火災感知器１５を含む端末機器が接続できる。また、以下の説明で信号回線１４−１〜１４−３を区別する必要がない場合は、信号回線１４という場合がある。 Here, the maximum number of addresses set in the terminal devices such as the fire detector 15 and the repeater 16 connected to the signal lines 14-1 to 14-3 is, for example, 255, and the signal lines 14-1 to 14-3. A terminal device including a maximum of 255 fire detectors 15 can be connected to each of the above. Further, when it is not necessary to distinguish the signal lines 14-1 to 14-3 in the following description, it may be referred to as the signal line 14.

［受信機の機能構成］
（受信機の概要）
Ｒ型受信機１２には、メインＣＰＵ２４と複数のサブＣＰＵ基板２６−１〜２６−３が設けられ、サブＣＰＵ基板２６−１〜２６−３にはサブＣＰＵ２８と伝送回路部３０が設けられている。 [Receiver function configuration]
(Overview of receiver)
The R-type receiver 12 is provided with a main CPU 24 and a plurality of sub CPU boards 26-1 to 26-3, and the sub CPU boards 26-1 to 26-3 are provided with a sub CPU 28 and a transmission circuit unit 30. There is.

メインＣＰＵ２４とサブＣＰＵ２８は、シリアル転送バス２５で接続されており、相互にデータを送受信する。シリアル転送バス２５としては、例えばコントロールエリアネットワーク（ＣＡＮ）が使用され、フレーム（メッセージともいう）と呼ばれるパケット単位にデータを送受信する。 The main CPU 24 and the sub CPU 28 are connected by a serial transfer bus 25, and transmit and receive data to and from each other. As the serial transfer bus 25, for example, a control area network (CAN) is used, and data is transmitted / received in packet units called frames (also referred to as messages).

メインＣＰＵ２４には、液晶表示パネル等を用いたタッチパネル付きのディスプレイ装置３２、火災代表灯、ガス漏れ代表灯、障害代表灯等を備えた表示部３４、所定の操作スイッチが設けられた操作部３６、スピーカが設けられた音響警報部３８、及び移報部４０が接続され、更に、地震検出器４２と周波数低下検出器４４が接続されている。 The main CPU 24 includes a display device 32 with a touch panel using a liquid crystal display panel or the like, a display unit 34 equipped with a fire representative light, a gas leak representative light, a failure representative light, etc., and an operation unit 36 provided with a predetermined operation switch. , An acoustic alarm unit 38 provided with a speaker, and a signal transfer unit 40 are connected, and further, an earthquake detector 42 and a frequency drop detector 44 are connected.

（地震検出器）
地震検出器４２は、所定の震度、例えば、火災報知設備１０の被害が予想される震度５強を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号をメインＣＰＵ２４に出力する。また、地震検出器４２は地震による揺れ（加速度）を検出するものであるが、これ以外に、緊急地震速報等の放送信号の受信機能を追加し、その受信を検出して地震検出信号を出力するものであっても良い。 (Earthquake detector)
The earthquake detector 42 detects an earthquake having a predetermined seismic intensity, for example, an earthquake having a seismic intensity exceeding 5 or higher, which is expected to damage the fire alarm system 10, and outputs an earthquake detection signal to the main CPU 24. In addition, the earthquake detector 42 detects shaking (acceleration) due to an earthquake, but in addition to this, it adds a function to receive broadcast signals such as Earthquake Early Warnings, detects the reception, and outputs an earthquake detection signal. It may be something to do.

（周波数低下検出器）
周波数低下検出器４４は、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）を入力し、設定周波数５０Ｈｚ又は６０Ｈｚに対する周波数の低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する。商用交流電源の周波数は日常的に０．２Ｈｚ以下の周波数変動に調整されており、数パーセントの周波数変動が起きると、発電機のタービン翼共振や発電機軸ねじれを防ぐために発電機を自動停止することから、周波数低下検出器４４は日常的な変動範囲を超える、例えば、１Ｈｚ又は１パーセントの周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する。 (Frequency drop detector)
The frequency drop detector 44 inputs a commercial AC power supply (AC100V), detects a frequency drop with respect to a set frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, and outputs a frequency drop detection signal. The frequency of the commercial AC power supply is routinely adjusted to a frequency fluctuation of 0.2 Hz or less, and when a frequency fluctuation of several percent occurs, the generator is automatically stopped to prevent the generator blade resonance and the generator shaft twist. Therefore, the frequency drop detector 44 detects a frequency drop of, for example, 1 Hz or 1%, which exceeds the daily fluctuation range, and outputs a frequency drop detection signal.

（受信機電源）
Ｒ型受信機１２には電源回路部４６が設けられ、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）の供給を受け、受信機動作に必要な所定の直流電源電圧に変換し、電源切替部５２を介して各部に直流電源電圧を供給している。電源切替部５２には、電源回路部４６の他にバッテリー５０を備えた予備電源部４８が接続される。 (Receiver power supply)
The R-type receiver 12 is provided with a power supply circuit unit 46, receives a supply of a commercial AC power supply (AC100V), converts it into a predetermined DC power supply voltage required for receiver operation, and supplies each unit via a power supply switching unit 52. It supplies DC power supply voltage. A backup power supply unit 48 including a battery 50 is connected to the power supply switching unit 52 in addition to the power supply circuit unit 46.

電源切替部５２は、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）が正常なときには電源回路部４６から所定の直流電源電圧が得られていることから、電源回路部４６の出力に切替えて受信機各部に所定の電源電圧を供給して動作させており、また、電源回路部４６は予備電源部４８を介してバッテリー５０を充電している。 When the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) is normal, the power supply switching unit 52 obtains a predetermined DC power supply voltage from the power supply circuit unit 46. Therefore, the power supply switching unit 52 switches to the output of the power supply circuit unit 46 and supplies a predetermined power supply to each receiver unit. A voltage is supplied for operation, and the power supply circuit unit 46 charges the battery 50 via the standby power supply unit 48.

商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）が停電した場合には、電源回路部４６の出力が断たれることから、電源回路部４６の出力停止を電源切替部５２が検出して予備電源部４８の出力に切替え、受信機各部に対する電源供給を予備電源部４８によるバッテリー５０からの予備電源供給に切り替える。また、電源切替部５２はメインＣＰＵ２４からの制御信号により切替えることができる。 When the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) has a power failure, the output of the power supply circuit unit 46 is cut off. Therefore, the power supply switching unit 52 detects the output stop of the power supply circuit unit 46 and switches to the output of the backup power supply unit 48. , The power supply to each part of the receiver is switched to the backup power supply from the battery 50 by the standby power supply unit 48. Further, the power supply switching unit 52 can be switched by a control signal from the main CPU 24.

（監視制御部）
サブＣＰＵ基板２６−１，２６−２に設けられたサブＣＰＵ２８は、伝送回路部３０に指示してアナログ式の火災感知器１５との間で所定の通信プロトコルに従って信号を送受信することで、火災監視制御を行っている。 (Monitoring and control unit)
The sub CPU 28 provided on the sub CPU boards 26-1 and 26-2 instructs the transmission circuit unit 30 to send and receive a signal to and from the analog fire detector 15 according to a predetermined communication protocol, thereby causing a fire. Monitoring and control are performed.

伝送回路部３０からアナログ式の火災感知器１５に対する下り信号は電圧モードで伝送している。この電圧モードの信号は、信号回線１４の線路電圧を例えば１８ボルトと３０ボルトの間で変化させる電圧パルスとして伝送される。 The downlink signal from the transmission circuit unit 30 to the analog fire detector 15 is transmitted in the voltage mode. The signal in this voltage mode is transmitted as a voltage pulse that changes the line voltage of the signal line 14 between, for example, 18 and 30 volts.

これに対しアナログ式の火災感知器１５から伝送回路部３０に対する上り信号は電流モードで伝送される。この電流モードにあっては、信号回線１４に伝送データのビット１のタイミングで信号電流を流し、いわゆる電流パルス列として上り信号がＲ型受信機１２に伝送される。 On the other hand, the uplink signal from the analog fire detector 15 to the transmission circuit unit 30 is transmitted in the current mode. In this current mode, a signal current is passed through the signal line 14 at the timing of bit 1 of the transmission data, and an uplink signal is transmitted to the R-type receiver 12 as a so-called current pulse train.

サブＣＰＵ２８による火災監視制御は、通常の監視中にあっては、一定周期毎に、伝送回路部３０に指示して、一括ＡＤ変換コマンドを含むブロードキャストの一括ＡＤ変換信号を送信しており、この一括ＡＤ変換信号を受信した火災感知器１５は、煙濃度又は温度をセンサデータとして検出して保持する。続いて、サブＣＰＵ２８は、端末アドレスを順次指定したポーリングコマンドを含む呼出信号を送信している。 The fire monitoring control by the sub CPU 28 instructs the transmission circuit unit 30 at regular intervals during normal monitoring to transmit a broadcast batch AD conversion signal including a batch AD conversion command. The fire detector 15 that has received the batch AD conversion signal detects and holds the smoke concentration or temperature as sensor data. Subsequently, the sub CPU 28 transmits a call signal including a polling command in which terminal addresses are sequentially specified.

火災感知器１５は自己アドレスに一致するアドレスを持つ呼出信号を受信すると、そのとき保持しているセンサデータを含む応答信号を伝送回路部３０に送信する。また、火災感知器１５は火災を検出すると伝送回路部３０に対し火災割込み信号を送信する。 When the fire detector 15 receives a call signal having an address matching its own address, it transmits a response signal including the sensor data held at that time to the transmission circuit unit 30. Further, when the fire detector 15 detects a fire, it transmits a fire interrupt signal to the transmission circuit unit 30.

サブＣＰＵ２８は伝送回路部３０を介して火災割込み信号を受信すると、グループ検索信号を送信して火災を検出している火災感知器１５を含むグループを特定し、続いて、グループ内検索信号を送信して火災を検出している火災感知器１５のアドレスを特定し、火災が検出された感知器アドレスを含む火災検出情報を、シリアル転送バス２５を介してメインＣＰＵ２４に送信する。 When the sub CPU 28 receives the fire interrupt signal via the transmission circuit unit 30, it transmits a group search signal to identify the group including the fire detector 15 detecting the fire, and subsequently transmits a search signal within the group. The address of the fire detector 15 that detects the fire is specified, and the fire detection information including the address of the detector in which the fire is detected is transmitted to the main CPU 24 via the serial transfer bus 25.

メインＣＰＵ２４には、プログラムの実行により実現される機能として監視制御部５４が設けられる。メインＣＰＵ２４の監視制御部５４は、サブＣＰＵ２８から火災検出情報を受信すると、ディスプレイ装置３２に火災が検出された感知器アドレスに基づき火災発生場所を含む火災警報情報を表示させ、音響警報部３８のスピーカから火災発生を示す所定の主音響警報を出力させ、更に、移報部４０により火災移報信号を外部に出力して所定の連動制御等を行わせる。 The main CPU 24 is provided with a monitoring control unit 54 as a function realized by executing a program. When the monitoring control unit 54 of the main CPU 24 receives the fire detection information from the sub CPU 28, the display device 32 displays the fire alarm information including the fire occurrence location based on the detector address where the fire was detected, and the acoustic alarm unit 38 A predetermined main acoustic alarm indicating the occurrence of a fire is output from the speaker, and a fire transfer signal is output to the outside by the transfer unit 40 to perform a predetermined interlocking control or the like.

（電力需要抑制制御部）
メインＣＰＵ２４には、プログラムの実行により実現される機能として電力需要制御部５６が設けられる。メインＣＰＵ２４の電力需要制御部５６は、地震検出器４２からの地震検出信号と周波数低下検出器４４の周波数低下検出信号に基づき、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８からのバッテリー５０による予備電源の供給に切替え、電源回路部４６による商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）の使用を切り離すことで、図１に示した電力系統から見た火災報知設備１０の電力需要量を低下させる制御を行う。 (Power demand suppression control unit)
The main CPU 24 is provided with a power demand control unit 56 as a function realized by executing a program. The power demand control unit 56 of the main CPU 24 instructs the power supply switching unit 52 based on the earthquake detection signal from the earthquake detector 42 and the frequency decrease detection signal of the frequency decrease detector 44, and uses the battery 50 from the backup power supply unit 48. By switching to the supply of the standby power supply and disconnecting the use of the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) by the power supply circuit unit 46, the power demand of the fire alarm equipment 10 as seen from the power system shown in FIG. 1 is reduced.

また、電力需要制御部５６は、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８によるバッテリー５０からの電源供給に切り替えてから所定時間、例えばバッテリー５０の通常時の容量換算時間である１．６時間未満の所定時間が経過したときに、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８から電源回路部４６による電源供給に切替え、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）による電源供給に復旧させる制御を行う。 Further, the power demand control unit 56 indicates a predetermined time after instructing the power supply switching unit 52 to switch to power supply from the battery 50 by the backup power supply unit 48, for example, 1.6, which is a normal capacity conversion time of the battery 50. When a predetermined time less than the time elapses, the power switching unit 52 is instructed to switch from the backup power supply unit 48 to the power supply by the power supply circuit unit 46, and control is performed to restore the power supply to the commercial AC power supply (AC100V).

このため、バッテリー５０の容量切れとなる前に商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）による電源供給に復旧することで、火災監視機能が失われないようにする。また、バッテリー５０の容量換算時間に基づく所定時間、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）の電力需要量を低下できるので、その間に、電力会社は緊急停止した発電機の起動や他の電力会社からの給電を受けて電力供給量を回復させる時間が確保され、時間的に余裕をもって電力供給量を回復させる対応措置を講ずることが可能となる。 Therefore, the fire monitoring function is not lost by restoring the power supply by the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) before the capacity of the battery 50 is exhausted. In addition, since the power demand of the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) can be reduced for a predetermined time based on the capacity conversion time of the battery 50, the power company can start the generator that has stopped urgently or supply power from another power company during that time. The time to recover the power supply will be secured, and it will be possible to take countermeasures to recover the power supply with time to spare.

また、電力需要制御部５６は、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８によるバッテリー５０からの電源供給に切り替えた状態で、アナログ式の火災感知器１５から火災信号に基づき火災を検出した場合、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８から電源回路部４６による電源供給に切替え、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）による電源供給に復旧させる制御を行う。 Further, the power demand control unit 56 detects a fire from the analog fire detector 15 based on the fire signal in a state where the power supply switching unit 52 is instructed to switch the power supply from the battery 50 by the backup power supply unit 48. In this case, the power switching unit 52 is instructed to switch from the backup power supply unit 48 to the power supply by the power supply circuit unit 46, and control is performed to restore the power supply to the commercial AC power supply (AC100V).

このため、火災が検出されたときには、バッテリー５０からの電源供給による制約を受けることなく、主音響鳴動、地区音響鳴動、防排煙機器の連動といった火災警報制御を確実に行うことができる。 Therefore, when a fire is detected, fire alarm control such as main sound ringing, district sound ringing, and interlocking of smoke prevention devices can be reliably performed without being restricted by the power supply from the battery 50.

また、電力需要制御部５６は、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８によるバッテリー５０からの電源供給に切り替えたときに監視制御部５４に指示して省電力モードを設定し、火災監視に最小限必要な所定の省電力監視制御を行わせる。 Further, the power demand control unit 56 instructs the power supply switching unit 52 to set the power saving mode by instructing the monitoring control unit 54 when switching to the power supply from the battery 50 by the backup power supply unit 48, and fire monitoring. To perform the minimum required power saving monitoring control.

電力需要制御部５６により省電力モードが設定された監視制御部５４は、例えば次の（１）（２）の省電力監視制御を行う。 The monitoring control unit 54 in which the power saving mode is set by the power demand control unit 56 performs, for example, the following power saving monitoring control (1) and (2).

（１） 障害警報動作の停止
電力需要制御部５６により省電力モードが設定された監視制御部５４は、断線障害や感知器障害等が検出されても、表示部３４の障害代表灯を点灯又は点滅せず、音響警報部３８のスピーカから障害警報音を出力させず、更に、ディスプレイ装置３２に障害情報を画面表示させない制御を行うことにより、バッテリー５０の電力消費を低減し、バッテリー５０の容量が切れるまでの火災監視が有効に行われる時間を可能な限り伸ばす。 (1) Stopping the failure alarm operation The monitoring control unit 54 whose power saving mode is set by the power demand control unit 56 turns on the failure representative light of the display unit 34 even if a disconnection failure, a sensor failure, or the like is detected. The power consumption of the battery 50 is reduced and the capacity of the battery 50 is reduced by controlling the display device 32 so that the display device 32 does not display the failure information on the screen without blinking and not outputting the failure alarm sound from the speaker of the acoustic alarm unit 38. Extend the effective time for fire monitoring until it expires as much as possible.

（２） 定常表示動作の停止
電力需要制御部５６により省電力モードが設定された監視制御部５４は、ディスプレイ装置３２及び表示部３４の表示灯の定常監視表示を停止させる制御を行う。 (2) Stopping Steady Display Operation The monitoring control unit 54 whose power saving mode is set by the power demand control unit 56 controls to stop the steady monitoring display of the indicator lights of the display device 32 and the display unit 34.

メインＣＰＵ２４の監視制御部５４は、通常監視状態で、ディスプレイ装置３２に所定の定常画面を表示し、また、表示部３４の表示灯によりスイッチの定位の有無を表示しているが、電力需要制御部５６の指示により省電力モードを設定した場合に、ディスプレイ装置３２の定常表示をオフして非表示画面とし、また、表示部３４の表示灯を全て消灯してバッテリー５０の電力消費を低減し、バッテリー５０の容量が切れるまでの火災監視が有効に行われる時間を可能な限り伸ばす。 The monitoring control unit 54 of the main CPU 24 displays a predetermined steady screen on the display device 32 in the normal monitoring state, and the indicator lamp of the display unit 34 indicates the presence or absence of localization of the switch. When the power saving mode is set according to the instruction of the unit 56, the steady display of the display device 32 is turned off to make the non-display screen, and all the indicator lights of the display unit 34 are turned off to reduce the power consumption of the battery 50. , Extend as much as possible the time during which fire monitoring is effectively performed until the capacity of the battery 50 runs out.

（需要抑制要請）
電力需要制御部５６の追加の制御機能として、図１に示した電力系統側に設けられた電力会社のサーバ等からネットワークを経由して需要抑制要請信号を受信したときに、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の受信有無に関わらず、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８からのバッテリー５０による予備電源の供給に切替える制御を行う。 (Demand restraint request)
As an additional control function of the electric power demand control unit 56, when a demand suppression request signal is received from a server or the like of an electric power company provided on the electric power system side shown in FIG. 1 via a network, an earthquake detection signal and a frequency Regardless of whether or not the drop detection signal is received, the power switching unit 52 is instructed to control the switching from the standby power supply unit 48 to the supply of the standby power supply by the battery 50.

電力会社のサーバ等からの需要抑制要請信号をＲ型受信機１２で受信可能とするため、Ｒ型受信機１２に有線又は無線によりインターネットに接続する通信アダプタを設け、通信アダプタを介して電力会社のサーバから送信された需要抑制要請信号を受信してメインＣＰＵ２４に出力し、電力需要制御部５６によりバッテリー５０からの電源供給に切り替える制御を行わせる。 In order to enable the R-type receiver 12 to receive the demand suppression request signal from the server of the electric power company, the R-type receiver 12 is provided with a communication adapter that connects to the Internet by wire or wirelessly, and the electric power company via the communication adapter. The demand suppression request signal transmitted from the server is received and output to the main CPU 24, and the power demand control unit 56 controls to switch to the power supply from the battery 50.

このため、地震の影響を受けていない地域であっても、ネットワークを経由した電力会社のサーバ等からの需要抑制要請信号を受信すると、バッテリー５０による予備電源の動作に切り替わり、周波数低下を調整するための電力需要量の低下に貢献することができる。 Therefore, even in an area not affected by the earthquake, when a demand suppression request signal is received from the server of the electric power company via the network, the operation is switched to the operation of the standby power supply by the battery 50 to adjust the frequency decrease. It can contribute to the reduction of power demand for electricity.

［火災報知設備の制御動作］
次に、火災報知設備のＲ型受信機における制御動作について説明する。図３は図２のＲ型受信機における制御動作を示したフローチャートであり、Ｒ型受信機１２に設けたメインＣＰＵ２４による制御動作となる。 [Control operation of fire alarm equipment]
Next, the control operation of the R-type receiver of the fire alarm system will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a control operation in the R-type receiver of FIG. 2, which is a control operation by the main CPU 24 provided in the R-type receiver 12.

（地震検出と周波数低下検出による需要抑制制御）
図３に示すように、メインＣＰＵ２４はステップＳ１で火災監視制御を行っている。この状態で地震が発生して地震検出器４２が地震検出信号を出力すると、メインＣＰＵ２４はステップＳ２で地震検出を判別してステップＳ３に進み、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）の周波数低下の有無を判別する。 (Demand suppression control by earthquake detection and frequency drop detection)
As shown in FIG. 3, the main CPU 24 performs fire monitoring control in step S1. When an earthquake occurs in this state and the earthquake detector 42 outputs an earthquake detection signal, the main CPU 24 determines the earthquake detection in step S2 and proceeds to step S3 to determine whether or not the frequency of the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) has decreased. do.

地震発生に伴う電力系統の発電機の停止による電力供給量の激減に伴い周波数が大きく低下したとすると、周波数低下検出器４４が周波数低下検出信号を出力し、メインＣＰＵ２４はステップＳ３で周波数低下検出を判別してステップＳ５に進み、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８の出力に切替えてバッテリー５０からの予備電源の供給とし、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）が切り離されることで、電力系統から見た電力需要量の抑制に貢献する。 Assuming that the frequency drops significantly due to a drastic decrease in the amount of power supplied due to the stoppage of the generator of the power system due to the occurrence of an earthquake, the frequency drop detector 44 outputs a frequency drop detection signal, and the main CPU 24 detects the frequency drop in step S3. Is determined and the process proceeds to step S5, the power switching unit 52 is instructed to switch to the output of the standby power supply unit 48 to supply the standby power supply from the battery 50, and the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) is disconnected to power the power system. Contributes to curbing electricity demand from the perspective of.

続いて、メインＣＰＵ２４はステップＳ６で省電力モードによる火災監視制御を行い、バッテリー５０の電力消費を低減し、バッテリー５０による動作時間を伸ばす制御を行う。 Subsequently, the main CPU 24 performs fire monitoring control in the power saving mode in step S6 to reduce the power consumption of the battery 50 and extend the operating time of the battery 50.

また、メインＣＰＵ２４は、ステップＳ７で予備電源に切替えてからの所定時間が経過したか否か判別しており、所定時間の経過を判別するとステップＳ９に進み、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８の出力から電源回路部４６の出力に切替え、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）による電源供給を復旧させ、省電力モードを解除したステップＳ１の通常の火災監視制御に戻る。 Further, the main CPU 24 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since switching to the standby power supply in step S7, and when determining the elapse of the predetermined time, the process proceeds to step S9 and instructs the power supply switching unit 52 to reserve. The output of the power supply unit 48 is switched to the output of the power supply circuit unit 46, the power supply by the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) is restored, and the normal fire monitoring control in step S1 in which the power saving mode is released is returned.

また、メインＣＰＵ２４は、バッテリー５０からの予備電源による動作中にステップＳ８で火災感知器１５からの火災信号に基づき火災発報が判別されると、ステップＳ９に進んで商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）による電源供給を復旧させ、省電力モードを解除したステップＳ１の通常の火災監視制御に戻り、火災警報を出力させる。 Further, when the main CPU 24 determines a fire alarm based on the fire signal from the fire detector 15 in step S8 during operation by the standby power supply from the battery 50, the main CPU 24 proceeds to step S9 and uses a commercial AC power supply (AC100V). The power supply is restored, the normal fire monitoring control in step S1 in which the power saving mode is released is restored, and a fire alarm is output.

一方、メインＣＰＵ２４はステップＳ２で地震検出が判別されないときや、地震検出が判別されてもステップＳ３で周波数低下が判別されないときは、ステップＳ４に進んで電力会社のサーバ等からの需要抑制要請信号の受信有無を判別しており、需要抑制要請を判別するとステップＳ５に進み、地震検出や周波数低下の判別有無に関わらず、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８の出力に切替えてバッテリー５０からの予備電源とし、商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）が切り離されることで、需要抑制要請に対処する。 On the other hand, when the earthquake detection is not determined in step S2, or when the frequency decrease is not determined in step S3 even if the earthquake detection is determined, the main CPU 24 proceeds to step S4 and proceeds to step S4 to request a demand suppression signal from the server of the electric power company or the like. When the demand suppression request is determined, the process proceeds to step S5, and the battery is switched to the output of the backup power supply unit 48 by instructing the power supply switching unit 52 regardless of whether or not earthquake detection or frequency decrease is determined. By using a backup power supply from 50 and disconnecting the commercial AC power supply (AC100V), the demand restraint request will be dealt with.

（周波数低下検出のみによる需要抑制制御）
図２のＲ型受信機１２に設けた電力需要制御部５６による他の需要抑制制御として、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号の両方を受信したとき、電源切替部５２は電源回路部４６からの出力を維持して商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）の供給による動作を継続し、一方、地震検出信号を受信せずに周波数低下検出信号のみを受信したときは、電源切替部５２に指示して予備電源部４８の出力に切替え、バッテリー５０による予備電源の供給に切替える制御を行うようにしてもよい。 (Demand suppression control only by detecting frequency drop)
When both the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received as another demand suppression control by the power demand control unit 56 provided in the R-type receiver 12 of FIG. 2, the power supply switching unit 52 is transmitted from the power supply circuit unit 46. The output is maintained and the operation by supplying the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) is continued. On the other hand, when only the frequency drop detection signal is received without receiving the earthquake detection signal, the power switching unit 52 is instructed to perform the standby power supply. Control may be performed to switch to the output of the unit 48 and to switch to the supply of the standby power supply by the battery 50.

このような需要抑制制御によれば、震源から離れた場所に設置された火災報知設備であっても、周波数の低下によりバッテリー５０による電源供給に切り替わることで電力需要量の低下に貢献し、一方、地震に近い強い揺れを受けた場所の火災報知設備は商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）による電源供給を継続し、地震により発生した火災を確実に検出して警報することができる。 According to such demand suppression control, even a fire alarm system installed in a place away from the epicenter contributes to a decrease in power demand by switching to power supply by the battery 50 due to a decrease in frequency. The fire alarm system in a place that has been subjected to strong shaking near an earthquake can continue to supply power from a commercial AC power supply (AC100V), and can reliably detect and warn a fire caused by an earthquake.

［分散システム］
次に、中継盤を用いた分散システムの実施形態について説明する。図４は分散システムの実施形態を示した説明図である。監視対象とする施設が複数の住棟に分かれる等の大規模になる場合には、図４に示すように、防災センター等に設置したＲ型受信機１２に対し例えば住棟毎に分けて中継盤６０が設置され、Ｒ型受信機１２と中継盤６０の間をイーサネット（登録商標）等のネットワーク回線６２により通信接続している。 [Distributed system]
Next, an embodiment of a distributed system using a relay board will be described. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a distributed system. When the facility to be monitored is divided into a plurality of residential buildings or the like, as shown in FIG. 4, the R-type receiver 12 installed in the disaster prevention center or the like is relayed separately for each residential building, for example. A board 60 is installed, and a communication connection is made between the R-type receiver 12 and the relay board 60 by a network line 62 such as Ethernet (registered trademark).

Ｒ型受信機１２は、図２に示したものと同じであり、これに対し中継盤６０は、図２のＲ型受信機１２からディスプレイ装置３２、表示部３４、操作部３６及び音響警報部３８を含む操作表示機能を除いた構成となり、監視制御部５４に対応して中継盤６０には中継盤制御部６４の機能が設けられている。それ以外は、Ｒ型受信機１２と基本的に同じとなり、警戒区域に引き出された信号回線１４にアナログ式の火災感知器１５を含む端末機器がＲ型受信機１２と同様に接続されている。 The R-type receiver 12 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, whereas the relay board 60 has a display device 32, a display unit 34, an operation unit 36, and an acoustic alarm unit from the R-type receiver 12 in FIG. The configuration is such that the operation display function including 38 is excluded, and the relay board 60 is provided with the function of the relay board control unit 64 corresponding to the monitoring control unit 54. Other than that, it is basically the same as the R-type receiver 12, and a terminal device including an analog fire detector 15 is connected to the signal line 14 drawn out to the caution area in the same manner as the R-type receiver 12. ..

また、Ｒ型受信機１２と同様に、中継盤６０に電力需要制御部５６が設けられ、中継盤６０に設けられた地震検出器４２からの地震検出信号と周波数低下検出器４４の周波数低下検出信号に基づき、バッテリー５０からの予備電源の供給による動作に切り替え、複数の中継盤６０による商用交流電源（ＡＣ１００Ｖ）の使用が停止することで電力需要量を大きく低減し、地震により激減した電力供給量とのバランス調整に大きく貢献する。 Further, similarly to the R-type receiver 12, the relay board 60 is provided with the power demand control unit 56, and the earthquake detection signal from the earthquake detector 42 provided on the relay board 60 and the frequency drop detection of the frequency drop detector 44 are detected. Based on the signal, the operation is switched to the supply of standby power from the battery 50, and the use of the commercial AC power supply (AC100V) by the multiple relay boards 60 is stopped, which greatly reduces the power demand and drastically reduces the power supply due to the earthquake. It greatly contributes to the balance adjustment with the amount.

なお、分散システムの他の実施形態として、地震検出器４２と周波数低下検出器４４はＲ型受信機１２にのみ設け、中継盤６０には設けないようにし、Ｒ型受信機１２で地震検出と周波数低下の両方を判別したときに、需要抑制指示信号をネットワーク回線６２により中継盤６０に送信し、中継盤６０の電力需要制御部５６でバッテリー５０からの予備電源の供給による動作に切り替える制御を行うようにしても良い。これにより中継盤６０に地震検出器４２と周波数低下検出器４４を設ける必要がないことから、中継盤６０の構成を簡単にすることができる。 As another embodiment of the distributed system, the earthquake detector 42 and the frequency drop detector 44 are provided only in the R-type receiver 12 and not in the relay board 60, and the R-type receiver 12 is used for earthquake detection. When both frequency drops are determined, a demand suppression instruction signal is transmitted to the relay board 60 by the network line 62, and the power demand control unit 56 of the relay board 60 controls to switch to the operation by supplying the standby power supply from the battery 50. You may do it. As a result, it is not necessary to provide the relay board 60 with the earthquake detector 42 and the frequency drop detector 44, so that the configuration of the relay board 60 can be simplified.

［本発明の変形例］
（火災報知設備）
上記の実施形態は、火災感知器等の端末アドレスを取得して火災発生場所を特定可能なＲ型受信機を用いた火災報知設備を例にとるものであったが、これに限定されず、受信機から引き出され信号回線単位に火災を検出して警報するＰ型受信機を用いた火災報知設備についても同様に適用できる。 [Modification of the present invention]
(Fire alarm system)
The above embodiment is an example of a fire alarm system using an R-type receiver capable of acquiring a terminal address of a fire detector or the like and identifying the location of a fire, but the present embodiment is not limited to this. The same can be applied to a fire alarm system using a P-type receiver that is drawn from a receiver and detects and warns a fire on a signal line basis.

また、上記の実施形態は火災報知設備を例にとるものであったが、商用交流電源の停電時にバッテリーからの予備電源の供給に切り替えて動作する防災設備であれば、適宜の防災設備に、地震検出信号と周波数低下検出信号に基づいて、バッテリーからの予備電源の供給に切り替えることで、地震発生時の電力需要量の抑制に貢献することができる。 Further, although the above embodiment takes fire alarm equipment as an example, if it is a disaster prevention equipment that operates by switching to the supply of backup power from a battery in the event of a power failure of a commercial AC power supply, it can be used as an appropriate disaster prevention equipment. By switching to the supply of backup power from the battery based on the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal, it is possible to contribute to suppressing the power demand in the event of an earthquake.

（省電力制御）
地震検出と周波数低下に基づきバッテリーからの予備電源供給に切り替えたときの省電力モードでの省電力制御は、上記の実施形態に限定されず、火災監視に最小限必要な所定の省電力監視制御を行うものであれば、適宜の動作の停止や制限を行って消費電力を低減するものを含む。 (Power saving control)
The power saving control in the power saving mode when switching to the standby power supply from the battery based on the earthquake detection and the frequency decrease is not limited to the above embodiment, and the predetermined power saving monitoring control required for fire monitoring is the minimum. If the above is performed, the power consumption is reduced by appropriately stopping or limiting the operation.

（その他）
また、本発明はその目的と利点を損なうことのない適宜の変形を含み、更に上記の実施形態に示した数値による限定は受けない。 (others)
In addition, the present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair its purpose and advantages, and is not further limited by the numerical values shown in the above embodiments.

１０：火災報知設備
１２：Ｒ型受信機
１４，１４−１〜１４−３：信号回線
１５：火災感知器
２４：メインＣＰＵ
２５：シリアル転送バス
２６−１〜２６−３：サブＣＰＵ基板
２８：サブＣＰＵ
３０：伝送回路部
３２：ディスプレイ装置
３４：表示部
３６：操作部
３８：音響警報部
４０：移報部
４２：地震検出器
４４：周波数低下検出器
４６：電源回路部
４８：予備電源部
５０：バッテリー
５２：電源切替部
５４：監視制御部
５６：電力需要制御部
６０：中継盤
６２：ネットワーク回線
６４：中継盤制御部
１００：水力発電所
１０２：火力発電所
１０４：原子力発電所
１０６：超高圧変電所
１０８：１次変電所
１１０：鉄道施設
１１２：中間変電所
１１４：大工場
１１６：配電用変電所 10: Fire alarm system 12: R-type receiver 14, 14-1 to 14-3: Signal line 15: Fire detector 24: Main CPU
25: Serial transfer bus 26-1 to 26-3: Sub CPU board 28: Sub CPU
30: Transmission circuit unit 32: Display device 34: Display unit 36: Operation unit 38: Acoustic alarm unit 40: Transfer unit 42: Earthquake detector 44: Frequency drop detector 46: Power supply circuit unit 48: Standby power supply unit 50: Battery 52: Power switching unit 54: Monitoring control unit 56: Power demand control unit 60: Relay panel 62: Network line 64: Relay panel control unit 100: Hydroelectric power plant 102: Thermal power plant 104: Nuclear power plant 106: Ultra high pressure Substation 108: Primary substation 110: Railway facility 112: Intermediate substation 114: Large factory 116: Distribution substation

Claims (11)

受信機から引き出された信号回線に火災感知器を接続して火災を監視し、通常時は商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、前記商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する火災報知設備に於いて、
前記受信機に、
所定震度以上又は前記所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、
所定値以上又は前記所定値を超える前記商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、
前記地震検出信号と前記周波数低下検出信号に基づき、前記商用交流電源から前記予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、前記商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部と、
が設けられたことを特徴とする火災報知設備。
A fire detector is connected to the signal line drawn from the receiver to monitor the fire, and normally operates by receiving the supply of commercial AC power, and if the commercial AC power fails, it switches to a backup power supply using a battery. In the fire alarm system that operates
To the receiver
An earthquake detector that detects an earthquake with a specified seismic intensity or higher or exceeds the specified seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal.
A frequency drop detector that detects a frequency drop of the commercial AC power supply that is equal to or greater than a predetermined value or exceeds the predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal.
A power demand control unit that reduces the power demand of the commercial AC power supply by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the backup power supply based on the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal.
A fire alarm system characterized by the fact that
 請求項１記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記受信機に対しネットワーク回線を介して１又は複数の中継盤が接続され、前記中継盤から引き出された信号回線に火災感知器を接続して火災を監視し、前記中継盤は通常時に前記商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、前記商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する分散システムが構成されており、
前記中継盤に、
所定震度以上又は前記所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、
所定値以上又は前記所定値を超える前記商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、
前記地震検出信号と前記周波数低下検出信号に基づき、前記商用交流電源から前記予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、前記商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部と、
が設けられたことを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to claim 1,
One or more relay boards are connected to the receiver via a network line, and a fire detector is connected to the signal line drawn from the relay board to monitor a fire, and the relay board is normally used for commercial purposes. A distributed system is configured that operates by receiving the supply of AC power and switches to a standby power supply using a battery when the commercial AC power supply fails.
On the relay board
An earthquake detector that detects an earthquake with a specified seismic intensity or higher or exceeds the specified seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal.
A frequency drop detector that detects a frequency drop of the commercial AC power supply that is equal to or greater than a predetermined value or exceeds the predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal.
A power demand control unit that reduces the power demand of the commercial AC power supply by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the backup power supply based on the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal.
A fire alarm system characterized by the fact that
 請求項１又は２記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記地震検出信号と前記周波数低下検出信号の両方を受信したときに、前記商用交流電源から前記予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、前記商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させることを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to claim 1 or 2.
The power demand control unit
When both the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received, the power demand of the commercial AC power supply is reduced by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the backup power supply for operation. Fire alarm system.
 請求項１乃至３何れかに記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記地震検出信号と前記周波数低下検出信号の両方を受信したときは、前記商用交流電源の供給による動作を継続し、
前記地震検出信号を受信せずに前記周波数低下検出信号のみを受信したときは、前記商用交流電源から前記予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、前記商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させることを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The power demand control unit
When both the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received, the operation by supplying the commercial AC power supply is continued, and the operation is continued.
When only the frequency drop detection signal is received without receiving the earthquake detection signal, the power demand of the commercial AC power supply can be reduced by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the backup power supply for operation. Characterized fire alarm system.
 請求項１乃至４何れかに記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記商用交流電源の供給設備側から需要抑制要請信号を受信したときに、前記地震検出信号と前記周波数低下検出信号の受信有無に関わらず、前記商用交流電源から前記予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、前記商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させることを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The power demand control unit
When a demand suppression request signal is received from the supply facility side of the commercial AC power supply, the commercial AC power supply is switched to the backup power supply for operation regardless of whether or not the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal are received. A fire alarm facility characterized by reducing the power demand of the commercial AC power source.
 請求項１乃至５何れかに記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記商用交流電源から前記予備電源に切り替えたときに省電力モードを設定し、火災監視に最小限必要な所定の省電力監視制御を行うことを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The power demand control unit
A fire alarm system characterized in that a power saving mode is set when the commercial AC power supply is switched to the standby power supply, and a predetermined power saving monitoring control necessary for fire monitoring is performed.
 請求項６記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記省電力モードを設定したときに、少なくとも前記受信機又は前記中継盤による障害警報動作を停止させることを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to claim 6,
The power demand control unit
A fire alarm system characterized in that at least the failure alarm operation by the receiver or the relay panel is stopped when the power saving mode is set.
 請求項６又は７記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記省電力モードを設定したときに、前記受信機に設けられた表示部の定常監視表示を停止させることを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to claim 6 or 7.
The power demand control unit
A fire alarm system characterized in that when the power saving mode is set, the steady monitoring display of the display unit provided on the receiver is stopped.
 請求項１乃至８何れかに記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記予備電源に切り替えてから所定時間が経過したときに、前記予備電源から前記商用交流電源に切替えて復旧させることを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
The power demand control unit
A fire alarm system characterized in that when a predetermined time has elapsed after switching to the backup power supply, the standby power supply is switched to the commercial AC power supply for restoration.
 請求項１乃至９何れかに記載の火災報知設備に於いて、
前記電力需要制御部は、
前記予備電源に切り替えた状態で前記火災感知器から火災信号を受信したときに、前記予備電源から前記商用交流電源に切替えて復旧させることを特徴とする火災報知設備。
In the fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
The power demand control unit
A fire alarm system characterized in that when a fire signal is received from the fire detector in a state of being switched to the backup power source, the standby power source is switched to the commercial AC power source to restore the fire signal.
 通常時は商用交流電源の供給を受けて動作し、前記商用交流電源が停電した場合はバッテリーによる予備電源に切替えて動作する防災設備に於いて、
所定震度以上又は前記所定震度を超える地震を検出して地震検出信号を出力する地震検出器と、
所定値以上又は前記所定値を超える前記商用交流電源の周波数低下を検出して周波数低下検出信号を出力する周波数低下検出器と、
前記地震検出信号と前記周波数低下検出信号に基づき、前記商用交流電源から前記予備電源に切替えて動作させることにより、前記商用交流電源の電力需要量を低下させる電力需要制御部と、
が設けられたことを特徴とする防災設備。 In disaster prevention equipment that normally operates by receiving the supply of commercial AC power, and operates by switching to a standby power supply using a battery when the commercial AC power fails.
An earthquake detector that detects an earthquake with a specified seismic intensity or higher or exceeds the specified seismic intensity and outputs an earthquake detection signal.
A frequency drop detector that detects a frequency drop of the commercial AC power supply that is equal to or greater than a predetermined value or exceeds the predetermined value and outputs a frequency drop detection signal.
A power demand control unit that reduces the power demand of the commercial AC power supply by switching from the commercial AC power supply to the backup power supply based on the earthquake detection signal and the frequency drop detection signal.
A disaster prevention facility characterized by the fact that
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