JP2021130955A - roof - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a temporary roof structure using a rigid body having folded paper structure, which is rigid and excellent in movability due to light weight thereof.SOLUTION: A roof comprises: at least two hard composite sections that are fiber-reinforced resin composite member made of reinforced fibers and a first matrix resin; and a substantially linear soft composite section that is disposed to contact both of a substantially linear edge of one hard composite section and a substantially linear edge of the other hard composite section and consists of a substantially linear soft composite section that is a bendable section made of reinforced fibers and a second matrix resin. Thickness T(m) of the hard composite section and rotational torque Tr (Nm/m) per unit length of the soft composite section due to elastic recovery generated when bending two hard composite sections that are adjacent across the soft composite section at 90° with the soft composite section as an axis satisfy a relational expression of 50<Tr/T<50000.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a roof, and more particularly to a temporary roof using a rigid origami structure.

In the rigid origami structure, a three-dimensional structure can be easily formed from a planar shape by a folding operation around a folding line. This structure can be reversibly folded and unfolded, and by folding it can be transformed into a size and shape that is portable and storable, so it is expected to be applied to movable or variable buildings. ..

In particular, when the arrangement of polygons in the plane has a two-dimensional repeating pattern described by a group of patterns, the origami structure is called origami tessellation, and it is excellent in controlling folding deformation as well as high design. Furthermore, since the partially deployed structure has high structural rigidity, there are examples of it being used for structural reinforcement applications and for solar cells used in space. However, industrial applications are still limited.

One of the reasons is that if the rigid body surface is made of a metal plate such as iron or aluminum in search of robustness as a structure, and the folding lines are joined with a metal hinge to make a rigid body origami structure, the weight will increase. Due to its large size, it can be folded but is inferior in portability and has a large inertia, so that a large-scale mechanism is required to realize mobility.

An object of the present invention is to provide a roof that is robust, lightweight, and has excellent mobility, particularly a temporary roof.

The present invention has a substantially linear edge of at least two hard composite parts (R), which is a fiber reinforced resin composite composed of reinforcing fibers and a first matrix resin, and one hard composite part (R). A substantially linear soft composite that is placed in contact with both the substantially linear edges of and the other hard composite portion (R) and is a bendable portion consisting of reinforcing fibers and a second matrix resin. A roof composed of parts (S), the thickness T (m) of the hard composite material part (R) and two adjacent hard composite material parts (R) sandwiching the soft composite material part (S). The rotational torque Tr (Nm / m) per unit length of the soft composite material portion (S) due to the elastic recovery generated when the soft composite material portion (S) is bent 90 ° about the axis has the following relational expression. It is a roof characterized by being satisfied.
50 <Tr / T <50,000

The present invention also comprises forming a bendable portion in which the first matrix resin does not substantially exist in a plate material of a fiber-reinforced resin composite material composed of a reinforcing fiber and a first matrix resin in a substantially linear shape. A roof in which a plate material of a fiber-reinforced resin composite material is divided into a plurality of hard composite material portions (R), and a soft composite material portion (S) is formed by filling a bendable portion with a second matrix resin. The thickness T (m) of the hard composite material portion (R) and the two adjacent hard composite material portions (R) sandwiching the soft composite material portion (S) are bent 90 ° about the soft composite material portion (S). The roof is characterized in that the rotational torque Tr (Nm / m) per unit length of the soft composite material portion (S) due to the elastic recovery generated at that time satisfies the following relational expression.
50 <Tr / T <50,000

The present invention can provide a roof that is robust yet lightweight and has excellent mobility, especially a temporary roof.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which the hard composite material portions (R) (b in the figure) on both sides are bent over an angle of 180 ° with the soft composite material portion (S) (a in the figure) as an axis. It is a side view for demonstrating the width B of the soft composite material part (S), and the thickness D of a void. It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus which measures Tr / T. An arm (q) is vertically attached to the pedestal (p), and a load detection end (r) is installed horizontally at a position at a height h (m) from the pedestal surface. One of the hard composite parts of the sample (s) is arranged so that the entire surface is in contact with the pedestal (p), and the angle is 90 ° about the soft composite part (the length in the bending axis direction is A (m)). The other hard composite material portion is bent so as to be so that its surface is vertically in contact with the load detection end, and Tr / T is calculated using the load value G (N) detected at this time. It is an example of the folding line pattern of the rigid body folding of the roof of the rigid body origami structure, and is a plan view when the rigid body folding is unfolded. In the examples, this polygonal line pattern was used. The cutout position and shape of the sample used for the measurement in the examples.

In the roof of the present invention, it is preferable that the hard composite material portion (R) and the soft composite material portion (S) contain the same continuous reinforcing fibers. This means that the same reinforcing fiber penetrates both the hard composite material portion (R) and the soft composite material portion (S). When the reinforcing fiber is a woven fabric of reinforcing fibers, it is preferable that the woven fabric of the reinforcing fibers is used as a common reinforcing fiber to form a hard composite material portion (R) and a soft composite material portion (S).

In the present invention, the width B of the soft composite material portion (S) and the two rigid composite material portions (R) adjacent to each other with the soft composite material portion (S) interposed therebetween are 180 with the soft composite material portion (S) as the axis. Can be bent at angles exceeding °. When bent beyond an angle of 180 °, a gap is formed in the vicinity of the soft composite material portion (S). This state is shown in FIG. This void prevents the hard composite parts (R) from coming into direct contact with each other in the vicinity of the soft composite part (S).

In the present invention, the thickness T (m) of the hard composite material portion (R) and the two adjacent hard composite material portions (R) sandwiching the soft composite material portion (S) are pivoted by the soft composite material portion (S). It is necessary that the rotational torque Tr (Nm / m) per unit length of the soft composite material portion (S) due to the elastic recovery generated when bent at 90 ° satisfies the following relational expression.
50 <Tr / T <50,000
If Tr / T is equal to or less than 50, the restoring force when returning from the folded state to the plane is poor, and if it is equal to or more than 50,000, folding becomes difficult. Tr / T is preferably 100 to 10000, and more preferably 400 to 5000.

Further, when bent at an angle of 180 °, a gap having a thickness D is formed between one hard composite material portion (R) and the other hard composite material portion (R). This state is shown in FIG. When the plate material of the present invention is used for the rigid origami structure, the gap can avoid the influence of the thickness of the hard composite material portion (R) and realize smooth folding.

In the present invention, the width B of the soft composite material portion (S) and two adjacent hard composite material portions (R) sandwiching the soft composite material portion (S) are 180 ° with respect to the soft composite material portion (S). It is preferable that the thickness D of the gap generated between one hard composite material portion (R) and the other hard composite material portion (R) when bent satisfies the following relational expression.
0.1 x B <D <0.6 x B
More preferably, the following relational expression is satisfied.
0.1 x B <D <0.5 x B
When the thickness D of the gap is 0.1 times or less of the width B of the soft composite material portion (S), it is insufficient to eliminate the influence of the thickness of the hard composite material portion (R) at the time of folding, which is preferable. No. Further, bending at 180 ° causes buckling of a part or all of the reinforcing fibers of the soft composite material portion (S), which is not preferable because the durability against repeated bending deformation is lowered. In this case, play is likely to occur in the hard composite material portion (R) adjacent to the soft composite material portion (S), and when a horizontal axial force acts on the hard composite material portion (R), the seat is due to the axial force. Bending is likely to occur.

When the soft composite material portion (S) behaves close to a completely elastic body, the value of the gap thickness D becomes large, but the gap thickness D is 0 of the width B of the soft composite material portion (S). It is difficult to exceed 6.6 times. The thickness D of the void is less than 0.5 times the width B of the soft composite material portion (S) from the viewpoint of suppressing the occurrence of buckling, eliminating the influence of the thickness, and saving space at the time of folding. It is preferable to have.

The roof of the present invention has a rigid origami structure. One of the challenges in realizing a rigid origami structure using a real material for a rigid surface is to eliminate the influence of the thickness of the rigid surface. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the thickness D of the voids exceeds twice the thickness T of the hard composite material portion (R). When this condition is satisfied, it is possible to obtain a roof having a rigid origami structure in which folding inhibition due to the thickness of the rigid body surface does not substantially occur.

The roof of the present invention satisfying these conditions preferably has a flexible portion in which the first matrix resin does not substantially exist in the plate material of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material composed of the reinforcing fibers and the first matrix resin. By forming the fiber-reinforced resin composite material in a linear shape, the plate material of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material is divided into a plurality of hard composite material parts (R), and the flexible part is filled with a second matrix resin to form a soft composite material part (S). ) Can be formed.

<Hard composite material part (R)>
The hard composite material portion (R) is a fiber reinforced resin composite material composed of a reinforcing fiber and a first matrix resin.

As the reinforcing fiber, for example, carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, and polyester fiber can be used. These are preferably continuous fibers, and it is preferable to use a continuous fiber woven fabric.

As the first matrix resin, a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin having a glass transition point of room temperature or higher is used. The thermoplastic resin may be made of a crystalline polymer or an amorphous polymer. The matrix resin may be a mixture of a plurality of resins, or may contain additives such as stabilizers, fillers, and flame retardants.

Examples of the thermosetting resin include epoxy resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, urea resin, unsaturated polyester resin, and thermosetting polyimide. Of these, epoxy resin is preferable.

Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyether ether ketone, thermoplastic polyimide, polyamideimide, amorphous polyarylate, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyester, polyolefin, ABS resin, and acrylic resin. be able to. Of these, polyamide is preferable.

<Soft composite material part (S)>
The soft composite material portion (S) is a bendable portion composed of a reinforcing fiber and a second matrix resin, and serves as a hinge at the time of bending. The soft composite portion (S) is arranged in contact with both the substantially straight edge of one hard composite portion (R) and the substantially straight edge of the other hard composite portion (R). Has been done.

Here, the substantially linear edge is preferably a linear edge, but the bending of the hard composite material portion (R) adjacent to the soft composite material portion (S) is the bending of the soft composite material portion (S). It means that the edge of the shape deformed to the extent possible with S) as the axis is also included.

This substantially straight edge also includes, for example, an edge having irregularities about the width of the soft composite material portion (S). From the viewpoint of ensuring folding, it is preferable that the substantially straight line is a straight line having no unevenness.

Since the second matrix resin serves as a hinge, its elastic modulus is preferably 1/10 or less of the elastic modulus of the first matrix resin. This is about the elastic modulus at 25 ° C. If it exceeds 1/10, the stress required for folding and deforming the soft composite material portion becomes excessive, and the operability at the time of folding is lowered, which is not preferable. The second matrix resin can be selected from crosslinkable polymers and thermoplastic elastomers having a glass transition point of room temperature or lower. Examples of the second matrix resin include silicon resins, styrene-based elastomers, olefin-based elastomers, polyurethane-based elastomers, polyester-based elastomers, chlorobrene-based elastomers, acrylonitrile-based elastomers, and natural rubbers. In particular, it is preferable to select a silicone resin in consideration of weather resistance. When a crosslinkable polymer is used as the second matrix resin, it can be formed by impregnating the reinforcing fibers of the soft composite material portion in an uncrosslinked or low-crosslinked state and then completing the crosslinking reaction.

In the roof of the present invention, it is preferable that the thickness D of the gap satisfies the relationship of 0.1 × B <D <0.6 × B with the width B of the soft composite material portion (S). In order to obtain a plate material satisfying this condition, a second matrix resin having an elastic modulus of 1/10 or less of that of the first matrix resin at room temperature is applied to the reinforcing fiber of the bendable portion, and the impregnation rate P is 45 to 95. It is preferable to form the soft composite material portion (S) by filling in the range of%. If the impregnation rate P is less than 45%, it becomes difficult to control the fiber behavior at the time of folding and the weather resistance becomes insufficient. If the impregnation rate P exceeds 95%, the stress required for bending at 180 ° may become excessive, and it may not function as a hinge in practice. Here, the impregnation rate P is defined by the following formula.
P (%) = (((A _2- A _f ) x D ₁ ) / ((A _1- A _f ) x D ₂ )) x 100
However, the surface density of the hard composite material part (R) is A ₁ , the surface density of the soft composite material part (S) is A ₂ , the surface density of the reinforcing fibers is A _f , and it is used for forming the hard composite material part (R). The density of the first matrix resin used is D ₁ , and the density of the second matrix resin used for forming the soft composite material portion (S) is D ₂ .

<Rigid body origami structure>
The present invention is also a roof with a rigid origami structure in which the bendable portion of the roof is formed based on the polygonal line pattern of the rigid origami. This rigid origami structure is an origami structure having a folding line pattern that allows the materials constituting the origami structure to be unfolded and folded without being elastically deformed in the plane.

Originally, the rigid body origami structure is constructed on a rigid body surface that has virtually no thickness, so when a rigid body surface is used as a thick real material, the rigid body surface is not used unless the number of superpositions is zero. Due to the thickness of, there is spatial interference between the folded rigid bodies around the fold line when the rigid surfaces are folded. For this reason, in general, folding can only be achieved incompletely, and in some cases it cannot even be folded.

In order to avoid this spatial interference, individual trial and error is required, and generally no method is known to eliminate the influence of the thickness of the rigid body surface. When creating a rigid origami structure using, for example, a metal hinge, it is generally necessary to make a large number of additional lines and cuts, and the rigid origami structure and the foldable foldable structure using the same. Manufacture of things becomes extremely complicated.

In the roof of the rigid body origami structure of the present invention, the line width of the soft composite material portion (S) is obtained in all the bendable parts other than those having a superposition number Nc of zero among the bendable parts constituting the folding line pattern of the rigid body origami structure. When the thickness T of B and the hard composite material portion (R) satisfies the following relational expression, the influence of the thickness of the rigid body surface is avoided, and a roof having a thickness and capable of folding the actual rigid body surface is obtained. Can be done.
Nc × T <B <100 × Nc × T
Preferably, the following relational expression is satisfied.
(Nc × T) /0.46 <B <100 × Nc × T
More preferably, the following relational expression is satisfied.
(Nc × T) /0.45 <B <100 × Nc × T
By satisfying this condition, it is possible to obtain the roof of the rigid origami structure of the present invention having a bendable portion based on the polygonal line pattern of the rigid origami without adding an additional polygonal line. If the line width B is equal to or smaller than Nc × T, the space for accommodating the rigid composite material portion (R) superimposed on the inside of the polygonal line may not be sufficient, and the line width B may not be completely folded. On the other hand, if the line width B is equal to or larger than 100 times Nc × T, the width of the soft composite material portion (S) becomes too large, and the difference in appearance from the intended rigid origami becomes too large. Not preferable.

As described above, the roof of the rigid origami structure of the present invention, when bent at an angle of 180 °, has one hard composite material portion (R) adjacent to each other with the soft composite material portion (S) in between and the other hard composite material portion (R). A stable gap is formed between the material portion (R) and the other rigid composite material portion (R) can be smoothly folded in this gap.

Here, the superimposition number Nc of the folding lines of the rigid body origami is the total number of rigid body surfaces that are partially or wholly sandwiched inside the pair of rigid body surfaces when the pair of rigid body surfaces connected by the folding lines are completely folded. Is defined as.

For example, the polygonal line pattern of the rigid origami shown in FIG. 3 has a parallelogram repeating unit, and there are two types of polygonal lines included therein, each of which has a superposition of 0 and a superposition of 4.

The rigid origami pattern used in the present invention preferably has a symmetry in which the arrangement of polygonal units satisfies the condition of the pattern group. In this case, the appearance becomes tessellation, and it is easy to design a high design and mechanical structure. Further, the tessellation structure is preferable because it can limit the degree of freedom of deformation and can simplify the actuation when deforming the roof of the rigid origami structure. The preferred degree of freedom of deformation is one or two.

The roof of the rigid origami structure of the present invention can be reversibly folded with the bendable portion as a polygonal line. According to the present invention, there is provided a foldable roof made from the above-mentioned rigid origami roof, particularly a temporary roof.

<Manufacturing method>
The roof of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, as follows. The reinforcing fiber is preferably used in the form of a woven fabric. As the woven fabric, for example, plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, entwined weave, imitation weave, diagonal pattern weave, and double weave can be used. It may be a unidirectional UD.

(Method 1)
First, the portion forming the bendable portion of the reinforcing fiber woven fabric is masked, and the hard composite material portion (R) is formed by impregnating the first matrix resin. Next, the bundle of reinforcing fibers or the woven fabric of the bendable portion from which the masking has been removed is filled with the second matrix resin to form the soft composite material portion (S).

(Method 2)
First, a second matrix resin is filled in a flowable state in a portion forming a flexible portion of the reinforcing fiber woven fabric to form a soft composite material portion (S), and then a first matrix resin is applied. A hard composite material portion (R) is formed by impregnating a portion other than the above.

(Method 3)
This method can also be used, especially when an inorganic fiber is used as the reinforcing fiber. That is, first, the entire reinforcing fiber is impregnated with the first matrix resin and cured to form the hard composite material portion (R) on the entire surface, and the first matrix resin of the portion forming the bendable portion is selectively selected. It is a method of melting or decomposing and removing it, and then filling it with a second matrix resin. For melting or decomposition, for example, a laser or high temperature heated air can be used.

In any of the above methods, it is preferable that the impregnation rate of the second matrix resin in the soft composite material portion (A) is in the range of 45 to 95%. In order to form the soft composite material portion (B) so as to have this impregnation rate, for example, a method is adopted in which a second matrix resin is coated on the woven fabric of the reinforcing fibers and localized on the double-sided surface layer portion of the reinforcing fibers. Further, a method can be adopted in which the matrix resin impregnated layer contains micro or macro voids by dissolving the second matrix resin in a solvent and impregnating the woven fabric of the reinforcing fibers.

In the present invention, the deformation characteristics of the soft composite material portion (S) with respect to bending are determined by the elastic characteristics of the soft composite material portion (S), the line width B, and the thickness T of the hard composite material portion (R). The elastic properties are mainly determined by the orientation of the reinforcing fibers in the soft composite material portion (S) and the impregnation state of the second matrix resin. The impregnation state of the second matrix resin is appropriately adjusted according to the orientation of the reinforcing fibers.

<Temporary roof>
By using the roof of the present invention as a temporary roof, it is possible to fold it like a tent and store it in a small space, and at the same time, it is possible to obtain rigidity that is not found in soft materials such as tent cloth.

When the roof of the present invention is not used as a roof, it can be folded at a bendable portion based on a polygonal line pattern of rigid origami paper, and can be folded and stored in a small size. Since the roof of the present invention can be folded small, it can be stored in a small space. Further, since the weight is small, the burden on the skeleton for fixing the roof can be reduced.

<Roof structure>
When the roof of the present invention is used, the state in which the roof is developed in a plane shape is used as a roof structure held by a support with a rope or a wire. For example, at least both ends of the roof may be fixed to an existing building, pillar, tree, or the like. It is preferable to fix at least both ends of the roof structure to existing buildings, columns, trees, etc. with ropes, wires, or the like.

When the roof of the present invention is used as a temporary roof, for example, if it is fixed with screws, bolts, hooks, or key-shaped metal members, not only it takes time and effort to fix and remove it, but also existing buildings and columns. , It is necessary to attach hardware to the fixed side such as trees, and unless it is attached to the same place every time, there is a risk that the degree of freedom of the attachment place will be narrowed as a temporary roof. Therefore, in order to take advantage of the feature that it can be attached to various places as a temporary roof, it is desirable to fix it to the fixed side of an existing building, pillar, tree, etc. by a method that does not require processing. For example, a hole is made in advance at the end of the roof, eyelets are attached, and the hole is fixed by passing it through a fiber rope, metal rope, wire, etc. and connecting it to an existing building, pillar, tree, etc. to fix the roof structure. It is preferable to use a thing.

The roof structure may be provided with a mechanism for finely adjusting the tension, for example, a turnbuckle. By adjusting the tension, the degree of opening and closing of the roof in the roof structure can be changed, and the degree of unevenness of the roof can be changed, and the characteristics of the design can be easily imparted.

Since the roof structure of the present invention has a mechanism for folding along the folding line pattern of rigid origami paper, it can follow the area of the place where it is installed as a temporary roof to some extent. That is, if the installation location is narrower than the maximum area of the roof in which the hard composite material portion (R) existing via the soft composite material portion (S) extends linearly, no adjustment is required and the support is supported. It can be attached to the body and fixed.

Since the roof structure of the present invention has high rigidity, even when power generation equipment such as solar power generation is attached to the hard composite material portion (R), it does not dent locally and has a design defect. It is unlikely to occur.

Since the roof structure of the present invention has high rigidity, it is possible to suppress the roofing material from fluctuating under the influence of wind or the like. The same mechanism as the roof structure of the present invention can be realized by using a tent cloth and an aluminum aggregate, but the tent cloth is soft and the elasticity of the thread causes a slight expansion and contraction. Due to the influence of the wind, it is not possible to fully demonstrate the function that makes use of the rigidity of the roof. It is a major feature of the roof structure of the present invention that such a problem can be solved and the roof structure can be easily installed.

The roof structure of the present invention can be expanded by connecting plate members having a rigid origami structure. In this case, the mounting portions made of the hard composite material portion (R) for mounting the roof structure to the building frame may be connected to each other with screws or bolts, and the connecting portion has the front surface and the back surface of the two mounting portions. They may be connected so as to overlap each other, or may be connected so that the front surfaces or the back surfaces are in contact with each other.

By using the roof structure of the present invention, the layout, use, and atmosphere of the space can be changed. For example, even in a normally large outdoor park, by attaching multiple roof structures to the trees planted in the park, it is possible to easily install rain and sunshades, and also use solar power generation. It is also possible to open stores under the roof, changing the atmosphere and usage of the park space.

Further, it is also possible to install the roof structure of the present invention outdoors, support a solar cell on the roof, and perform activities requiring electric power under the roof structure.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. The measurement was performed by the following method.
(1) Impregnation rate of matrix resin The impregnation rate P (%) was calculated by the following formula for the soft composite material portion (S) of the sample.
P (%) = (((A _2- A _f ) x D ₁ ) / ((A _1- A _f ) x D ₂ )) x 100
A ₁ : Area density of the hard composite material part (R) A ₂ : Area density of the soft composite material part (S) A _f : Area density of the reinforcing fiber D ₁ : Ath used to form the hard composite material part (R) Density of one matrix resin D ₂ : Density of the second matrix resin used for forming the soft composite material portion (S)

(2) Volume content of reinforcing fibers The fiber volume content V _f (%) in the hard composite material portion (R) was calculated by the following formula.
V _f (%) = (A _f / D _f ) / (A ₁ / D _t ) × 100
A _f : Area density of reinforcing fibers A ₁ : Area density of hard composite material part (R) D _f : Density of reinforcing fibers used to form _{hard composite material part (R) D t} : Hard composite material part (R) Density

(3) Tr / T
As shown in FIG. 3, a measuring device in which an arm (q) is vertically attached to a pedestal (p) and a load detection end (r) is horizontally installed at a height h = 0.04 (m) from the pedestal surface. I prepared. One of the hard composite parts (R) of the sample is arranged so that the entire surface is in contact with the pedestal (p), and the soft composite part (S) (the length in the bending axis direction is A (m)) is 90 ° as an axis. The other hard composite material portion (R) was bent so as to have an angle of 1 and arranged so that its surface was in contact with the load detection end perpendicularly. Using the load value G (N) detected at this time, Tr / T was calculated by the following formula.
Tr / T = G × h / A

(4) Elastic modulus of cured resin product The flexural modulus was measured according to JIS K 7171. The elastic modulus was measured at 25 ° C.

[Example 1]
<Making a roof with a rigid origami structure>
A roof with a rigid origami structure having a rigid origami structure with the pattern shown in FIG. 3 was created. In this rigid origami structure, the lengths of the sides of the parallelogram unit are 100 mm, respectively, and the angles formed by the two sides of the parallelogram unit are 60 ° and 120 °. This rigid origami structure is composed of polygonal lines having 0 and 4 overlapping numbers.

First, masking is performed by setting the line width of the soft resin material portion (S) corresponding to the polygonal line having the number of superpositions of 4 to 8 mm and the line width of the soft resin member (S) corresponding to the polygonal line having the number of superpositions to 0 to 3.5 mm. I created a pattern film.

Three plain weave carbon fiber woven fabrics with a grain of 200 g / m ² (Teijin Co., Ltd. product: W3101) cut out to a length of 500 mm and a width of 500 mm are stacked, and the above masking pattern film is placed on them, and semi-cured silicon is placed on top of them. A resin (product manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: sealant 45) diluted with hexane was injected and impregnated. After the silicon resin is cured and dried to form the soft composite material portion (S), the soft composite material portion (S) is masked and nylon resin powder (trade name: A1015LP-20 manufactured by Unitica) is applied to the carbon fiber woven fabric. The carbon fiber woven fabric was impregnated with nylon resin by hot pressing and cooled to form a hard composite material portion (R), whereby a roof having a rigid origami structure was obtained.

_{The volume content V f} of the carbon fibers in the soft composite material portion (S) of the roof of the obtained rigid origami structure was 40%, and the impregnation rate P of the matrix resin was 80%. The line width B of the soft composite material portion (S) is 8 mm for the line corresponding to the polygonal line having the number of superpositions 4 and 3.5 mm for the line corresponding to the polygonal line with the number of superpositions 0, and is the soft composite material portion (S) and the hard line. The thickness T of the composite material portion (R) was 0.75 mm in each case.

The elastic modulus of the cured product of the silicon resin was 0.22 GPa, and the elastic modulus of the cured product of the nylon resin was 2.75 GPa.

The Tr / T of the sample cut out from the roof of this rigid origami structure was 660. In the sample, a rectangular hard composite material portion (R) having a length of 50 mm × 30 mm is arranged on both sides of a soft composite material portion (S) having a length of 30 mm and a line width of 3.5 mm so as to be in contact with each other on a side having a length of 30 mm. Shape. The cutout position and shape of the sample are shown in FIG.

The roof of this rigid origami structure can be bent until both ends of the hard composite material portion (R) come into contact with each other while leaving a gap in the vicinity of the soft composite material portion (S) of the bendable portion, at an angle of 180 °. When bent, the thickness D of the gap between one hard composite material portion (R) and the other hard composite material portion (R) was 1.8 mm.

The roof of the obtained rigid origami structure became an origami structure, and was a foldable structure capable of reversibly deforming from a completely folded state to a flat plate shape. The roof of this rigid origami structure spontaneously expanded into a flat plate shape when the external force was released in the completely folded state. This spontaneous development did not change in repeated trials.

<Making a temporary roof>
Six roofs of the rigid origami structure obtained above are connected by overlapping hard composite material parts (R) with both ends 15 mm in the length direction with bolts, and a temporary roof structure with a length of 2925 mm and a width of 500 mm is connected. And said. Holes with a diameter of 65 mm were drilled at both ends of the obtained temporary roof structure in the length direction, and eyelets were attached. A polyester fiber rope was passed through this eyelet, and the fiber rope was tied to a tree about 2100 mm away to form a temporary roof structure.

The roof of the present invention can be used as a roof, particularly as a temporary roof, as a sunshade or a rain shield.

a Soft composite material part (S) that is a bendable part
b Hard composite material part (R)
c Folded line with 4 superpositions d Folded line with 0 superimposition p Pedestal q Arm r Load detection end s Sample to be measured B Width of soft composite part (S) D Two adjacent soft composite parts (S) in between A gap generated between one hard composite material portion (R) and the other hard composite material portion (R) when the hard composite material portion (R) is bent 180 ° about the soft composite material portion (S) as an axis. Thickness

Claims (9)

At least two hard composite parts (R), which are fiber-reinforced resin composites composed of reinforcing fibers and a first matrix resin, and a substantially linear edge of one hard composite part (R) and the other hard. A substantially linear soft composite portion (S) that is arranged in contact with both substantially linear edges of the composite portion (R) and is a bendable portion composed of reinforcing fibers and a second matrix resin. The roof is composed of a hard composite material portion (R) having a thickness T (m) and two adjacent hard composite material portions (R) sandwiching the soft composite material portion (S). The rotational torque Tr (Nm / m) per unit length of the soft composite material portion (S) due to the elastic recovery generated when bending 90 ° about (S) as the axis satisfies the following relational expression. Characteristic roof.
50 <Tr / T <50,000 The fiber-reinforced resin composite material is formed by forming a bendable portion in which the first matrix resin does not substantially exist in a substantially linear shape on the plate material of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material composed of the reinforcing fibers and the first matrix resin. A roof in which a soft composite material portion (S) is formed by partitioning the plate material of No. 1 into a plurality of hard composite material portions (R) and filling the bendable portion with a second matrix resin. It occurs when the thickness T (m) of R) and two adjacent hard composite parts (R) sandwiching the soft composite part (S) are bent 90 ° about the soft composite part (S). A roof characterized in that the rotational torque Tr (Nm / m) per unit length of the soft composite material portion (S) due to elastic recovery satisfies the following relational expression.
50 <Tr / T <50,000 When two adjacent hard composite parts (R) sandwiching the soft composite part (S) are bent 180 ° around the soft composite part (S), one hard composite part (R) and the other are bent. The roof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness D of the gap formed between the hard composite material portion (R) and the thickness T of the hard composite material portion (R) satisfies the following relational expression.
2 × T <D The impregnation rate P of the second matrix resin in the soft composite material portion (S) is 45 to 95%, and the second matrix resin has an elastic modulus of 1/10 or less of that of the first matrix resin at 25 ° C. The roof according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a resin. The roof according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soft composite material portion (S) has a rigid origami structure formed based on a polygonal line pattern of the rigid origami. The line width B of the soft composite material portion (S) and the thickness of the hard composite material portion (R) in all the bendable portions other than those having a superposition number Nc of zero among the bendable portions constituting the polygonal line pattern of the rigid origami. The roof according to claim 5, wherein T satisfies the following relational expression.
Nc × T <B <100 × Nc × T
(Here, the superposition number Nc of the folding lines of the rigid body origami is the number of overlapping rigid body surfaces that are partially or wholly sandwiched inside the pair of rigid body surfaces when the pair of rigid body surfaces connected by the folding lines are completely folded. Defined as total number.) The roof according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the rigid origami has 1 or 2 degrees of freedom. The roof according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is a temporary roof. A roof structure in which the roof according to claims 1 to 8 is held by a support with a rope or a wire, and the size of the roof can be changed by folding.

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