JP2021124351A - Device and method for testing impact - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a device and a method for testing an impact that can properly simulate the actual situation of a partial structure at the time of hitting.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to an impact testing device which applies an impact to a test body, the device including a connector for connecting an impactor which moves in a motion direction to the test body and a rotary member attached to one of the test body and the impactor. The other of the test body and the impactor is connected to the rotary member so that at least 1-freedom degree related to a first coordinate axis perpendicular to the motion direction of the relative motions is free. The other of the test body and the impactor have a regulation member for regulating a relative motion with the 1-freedom degree in the middle of motion in the motion direction of the impactor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to an impact test apparatus and an impact test method.

Conventionally, in order to evaluate a situation in which a colliding object collides with a structure, there has been an impact test device that gives an impact to a test body simulating a partial structure of the structure.

However, the conventional impact test apparatus may not be able to properly simulate the deformation mode of the partial structure in the actual collision process.

International Publication No. 2015/083376

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the background technology, it is an object of the present invention to provide an impact test apparatus and an impact test method capable of appropriately simulating the actual state of a partial structure at the time of a collision.

The gist of the present invention is as follows.

(1) The impact test apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention is an impact test apparatus that gives an impact to a test body, and has an impactor that moves in a direction of motion toward the test body, and one of the test body and the impactor. A connecting portion for connecting the attached rotating member is provided, and the other of the test body and the impactor and the rotating member relate to a first coordinate axis orthogonal to the moving direction in the relative movement of each other. They are connected so that at least one degree of freedom is free.
(2) In the above (1), the first coordinate axis may be a vertical axis.
(3) In the above (1) or (2), the other of the test piece and the impactor is a regulating member that regulates the relative movement of the one degree of freedom in the middle of the process in which the impactor moves in the movement direction. May have.
(4) In the above (3), the restricting member has a guide shaft portion, and the rotating member has a shaft that is relatively movable along the guide shaft portion and rotatably around the guide shaft portion. May be provided.
(5) In the above (3) or (4), the regulating member may have a regulating surface that is inclined at a predetermined acute angle with respect to a surface perpendicular to the direction of motion about the first coordinate axis.
(6) The impact test method according to one aspect of the present invention is an impact test method for giving an impact to a test body, which includes a rotating member mounting step of mounting a rotating member on one of the test body and the impactor, and the test. A connecting step of connecting the body, the other of the impactor, and the rotating member so that at least one degree of freedom related to the first coordinate axis of the relative motion of each other is free, and the impactor is directed toward the test body. It is provided with a collision step of moving the test piece to collide with the test piece.
(7) In the above (6), a regulation member attachment step of attaching the regulation member for restricting the relative movement of the one degree of freedom may be provided on the other side of the test piece and the impactor.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an impact test apparatus and an impact test method capable of appropriately simulating the actual state of a partial structure at the time of a collision.

It is a figure explaining the situation where a part of the width of the whole surface of a vehicle collides with an obstacle, (a) is a figure explaining the situation before a collision, and (b) is a figure explaining the situation after a collision. be. It is a figure explaining the state of a vehicle after an obstacle collision. It is explanatory drawing explaining the deformation of the structure in front of a vehicle in the plan view when an obstacle collides. It is explanatory drawing explaining the deformation of the structure in front of a vehicle in the side view when an obstacle collides. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the impact test apparatus and the test body which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows a regulation member and a rotating member, (a) is a perspective view which shows the state before a test, (b) is a plan view which shows the state before a test, (c) is a plan view after a test. It is a perspective view which shows the state, and (d) is a plan view which shows the state after a test. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation of the impact test apparatus in the side view, (a) is the figure which shows the initial state before a test, and (b) shows the state at the first time point just after the impact acted. It is a figure, (c) is a figure which shows the state of the 2nd time point after the 1st time point, (d) is a figure which shows the final state after the 2nd time point. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation of the impact test apparatus in a plan view, (a) is a figure which shows the initial state before a test, and (b) shows the state at the first time point just after the impact applied. It is a figure, (c) is a figure which shows the state of the 2nd time point after the 1st time point, (d) is a figure which shows the final state after the 2nd time point.

In the automobile field, weight reduction of vehicles is required from the viewpoint of reducing the load on the global environment. For this reason, the skeleton of the vehicle is designed based on the increased strength material and the thinner plate thickness. Newly designed vehicles are required to evaluate the impact of a collision as part of their safety assessment. Since the implementation of a test using a whole vehicle (full car test), which is one of the evaluation methods, requires a high cost, a test for evaluating the partial structure using the partial structure of the vehicle, which can be carried out at a relatively low cost. There is a demand for (partial structural test). The test body in the partial structure test is required to accurately simulate the partial structure of the vehicle to be the test body in the full car test.

The present invention is an impact test device that gives an impact to a test body, and includes a connecting portion that connects an impactor that moves in the direction of movement toward the test body and a rotating member that is attached to one of the test body and the impactor. The other of the test body and the impactor and the rotating member are connected so as to have at least one degree of freedom related to the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the movement direction of the relative movements of each other. As a result, of the three axes constituting the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the impactor and the test body are both the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the motion direction (third coordinate axis) of the impactor, and both the first coordinate axis and the motion direction. The second coordinate axis orthogonal to is not constrained by all four degrees of freedom (2 axes x 2 degrees of freedom). Therefore, the test body can be freely deformed with at least one degree of freedom of the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the direction of motion. Therefore, even the test piece in the partial structure test can appropriately simulate the deformation mode of the partial structure in the actual collision process.

For example, the upper members, which are arranged on both sides in the front of the vehicle and curved along the front fender, connect the rear to the main frame and the front to the bumper. Structurally, the upper member and the mainframe can be considered to be joined via a fixed end. Structurally, the upper member and the bumper are joined via a rigid node that transmits a moment, and it can be considered that the angles between the members are fixed.

Here, when only the upper member is taken out as a test body which is a partial structure for which the influence of deformation due to collision is to be evaluated and tested, especially when the restraint condition at the rigid node with the front bumper is reflected in the test body, the actual condition of the upper member Can be appropriately simulated, which is preferable.

That is, when only the upper member is taken out as a test body and tested, the restraint condition between the upper member and the front bumper in the actual vehicle structure is taken into consideration. Then, the boundary between the impactor and the test body simulating the upper member in the impact test device is constrained by relative motion along the X-axis (third coordinate axis, front-back direction), which is the direction of motion of the impactor, and rotationally constrained around the X-axis. Relative motion constraint along the Y axis (second coordinate axis) that is the horizontal direction (horizontal direction), rotation constraint around the Y axis, relative motion freedom along the Z axis (first coordinate axis, vertical direction) that is the vertical axis, vertical It should be in a state where it can rotate freely around the axis. In this way, the actual condition of the upper member can be appropriately simulated.

As described above, the impact test apparatus includes a connecting portion having an impactor moving in the direction of movement toward the test body and a rotating member attached to one of the test body and the impactor, and the other of the test body and the impactor. The rotating members are connected so that at least one degree of freedom related to the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the movement direction of the relative movements of each other is free. Therefore, even if it is a test body in the partial structure test, the partial structure of the vehicle to be the test body in the full car test can be accurately simulated.
Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, it is assumed that the structure simulated by the test body is the upper member of the vehicle, and the details will be described below.

(Embodiment)
1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining a situation in which a part of the entire width of the vehicle 200 collides with an obstacle OB, FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining a situation before the collision, and FIG. 1B is a diagram for explaining a situation after the collision. It is a figure explaining the situation. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the state of the vehicle 200 after the obstacle OB collides. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view illustrating deformation of the structure in front of the vehicle 200 in a plan view when the vehicle 200 collides with an obstacle OB. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view illustrating deformation of the structure in front of the vehicle 200 in a side view when the vehicle 200 collides with an obstacle OB. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the impact test device 100 and the test body T according to the embodiment. Unless otherwise specified, the direction in which the impact test device 100 moves relative to the test body T is referred to as the X-axis (see the arrow X in FIG. 5), and the test body T is based on the impact test device 100. The side of is called the front, the side of the impact test device 100 with respect to the test piece T is called the rear, and the lateral direction when looking forward along the X axis is called the Y axis (see the arrow Y in FIG. 5). , The direction orthogonal to the Y-axis or the vertical direction when looking forward along the X-axis may be referred to as the Z-axis (see arrow Z in FIG. 5).

As shown in FIG. 1A, the vehicle 200 may face the obstacle OB and a part of the width of the front surface of the vehicle 200 may collide with the obstacle OB. In particular, a collision when the predetermined ratio α with respect to the width of the front surface of the vehicle 200 is, for example, 25% is called a small overlap (SOL) collision. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 2, a part of the structure of the vehicle 200 in which the collision energy is concentrated (the front left side of the vehicle 200) is greatly deformed, and the deformation and acceleration of the vehicle 200 due to the deformation are caused. It becomes easy to affect the driver. Even in such a situation, the structure of the vehicle 200 is required to maintain the safety of the driver.

The structure in front of the vehicle 200 when the vehicle 200 actually collides with the obstacle OB and a small overlap collision occurs is shown by a solid line before the collision, as schematically shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. From such a shape, it is complicatedly transformed into a shape as shown by a chain double-dashed line in the middle of a collision.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the structure in front of the vehicle 200 includes a main frame MF that surrounds the cabin CA, and a front end portion that is rigidly connected to the main frame MF and extends rearward to the rear end portion. A front member FM that is rigidly connected to the front bumper BP, and an upper member UM whose front end is rigidly connected to the mainframe MF and is placed on both sides of the vehicle 200 and curved along the front fender (not shown). , Is equipped. The upper member UM and the front member FM are rigidly connected to each other via a connection member CM. Structurally, the upper member UM and the mainframe MF can be regarded as being joined via a fixed end. Structurally, the upper member UM and the front bumper BP are joined via a connection member CM which is a rigid node B for transmitting a moment, and it can be considered that the angles between the members are fixed.

With such a structure, in the structure in front of the vehicle 200 when the vehicle 200 actually collides with the obstacle OB and a small overlap collision occurs, particularly between the upper member UM and the connection member CM. As shown by the arrow in FIG. 3, the rigid node B rotates counterclockwise around the Z axis while moving forward along the X axis to reach the position of the rigid node BB. Further, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 4, the rigid node B moves forward along the X axis and downward along the Z axis to reach the position of the rigid node BB.

As described above, when the vehicle 200 actually collides with the obstacle OB and a small overlap collision occurs, the structure in front of the vehicle 200 is relative to the Z axis orthogonal to the X axis when focusing on the rigid node B. The two degrees of freedom of motion and rotation are free, and the other degrees of freedom, that is, the two degrees of freedom of relative motion and rotation related to the Y axis, are constrained, and the relative motion and rotation related to the X axis. The two degrees of freedom of are restrained.

(Test body T)
As shown in FIG. 5, the test body T is a partial structure for which the influence of deformation due to a collision is to be evaluated, and is, for example, an upper member which is a partial structure of the vehicle 200. The rear end Te of the test body T is rigidly connected to the rotating member 20. The front end portion Tw of the test body T is rigidly connected to a rigid body wall W that does not substantially deform. The test body T is appropriately supported by a jig G having a predetermined rigidity in order to simulate a restraint state in an actual vehicle 200. The jig G is provided on a rigid body that does not substantially deform.

When only the upper member UM is taken out as the test body T from the entire structure of the actual vehicle 200 and tested, the restraint conditions between the upper member UM and the front bumper BP in the structure of the actual vehicle 200 are taken into consideration. Then, the boundary between the impactor 10 in the impact test device 100 and the test body T simulating the upper member UM is restrained by relative motion along the X axis (see arrow X in FIG. 5) which is the motion direction of the impactor 10, and around the X axis. Rotational constraint (see arrow Rx in FIG. 5), relative motion constraint along the Y-axis (see arrow Y in FIG. 5), rotation constraint around the Y-axis (see arrow Ry in FIG. 5), Z-axis (see arrow Y in FIG. 5). Relative movement along the Z axis (see arrow Z in FIG. 5) and rotation around the Z axis (see arrow Rz in FIG. 5). By doing so, the actual condition of the upper member UM can be appropriately simulated.

(Impact test device 100)
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the regulating member 12 and the rotating member 20.
In order to simulate the partial structure of the actual vehicle 200, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the impact test device 100 according to the present embodiment is an impactor that moves along the X axis that is the movement direction toward the test body T. A connecting portion J for connecting the 10 and the rotating member 20 attached to one of the test body T and the impactor 10 (here, the test body T, but the impactor 10 may be used) is provided. ..

By pressing the rear end Te of the test body T, the impactor 10 transmits kinetic energy corresponding to the impact energy given to the test body T. The impactor 10 includes, for example, a hydraulic actuator 11 including a piston rod inserted into the cylinder so as to be able to advance and retreat, and a regulating member 12 attached to the front end portion of the actuator 11 as appropriate. When the rotating member 20 is attached to the impactor 10, the regulating member 12 may be attached to the rear end Te of the test body T. The impactor 10 does not have to include the regulating member 12. For example, when the rotating member 20 is attached to the test body T, the rotating member 20 may be directly connected to the front end portion of the actuator 11 (impactuator 10) without the intervention of the regulating member 12.

The actuator 11 launches the piston rod toward the rear end Te of the test body T by releasing the accumulated hydraulic oil at once, for example.
The kinetic energy transmitted from the impactor 10 to the test body T can be set by controlling the mass or velocity of the impactor 10.

(Connecting part J)
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the impact test device 100 has a connecting portion J for connecting the impactor 10 to the test body T at the front end portion. When the impact test device 100 includes the regulating member 12, the connecting portion J is formed between the front end portion of the regulating member 12 and the rotating member 20. When the impact test device 100 does not include the regulating member 12, the connecting portion J is formed between the front end portion of the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20.
The connecting portion J allows the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 to freely move relative to the Z-axis and rotate around the Z-axis. That is, the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 are connected so that two degrees of freedom related to the Z axis (first coordinate axis) orthogonal to the X axis in the relative motion of each other are free. At the same time, the connecting portion J restrains the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 from relative movement along the X-axis and the Y-axis and rotation around the X-axis and the Y-axis.

Specifically, the connecting portion J is guided so as to be slidable along the guide shaft portion 13 and the axis (here, the Z axis) along which the guide shaft portion 13 is aligned, and to be rotatable around the axis. It has a guided shaft portion 21 that is fitted to the shaft portion 13.
The guide shaft portion 13 has a columnar outer shape along a shaft (here, the Z-axis) around which the rotating member 20 rotates. The outer diameter of the guide shaft portion 13 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the guided shaft portion 21 so that the guided shaft portion 21 of the rotating member 20 is slidable with respect to the guide shaft portion 13.
The guided shaft portion 21 has a columnar inner shape corresponding to the outer shape of the guide shaft portion 13. The inner diameter of the guided shaft portion 21 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide shaft portion 13 so that the guided shaft portion 21 of the rotating member 20 is slidable with respect to the guide shaft portion 13.

In this way, the other side of the test body T and the impactor 10 (here, the impactor 10 but may be the test body T) and the rotating member 20 are X in the relative movement of each other. At least one degree of freedom (here, two degrees of freedom of rotation and relative motion related to the Z axis) related to the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the axis (here, the Z axis, but may be the Y axis) It is connected by the connecting portion J so as to be free.
As a result, the impactor 10 and the test body T form the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, of which the Z axis (first coordinate axis) orthogonal to the X axis, the Z axis (first coordinate axis), and X The Y-axis (second coordinate axis) orthogonal to both axes and all four degrees of freedom (2 axes x 2 degrees of freedom) with respect to the axis are not constrained. Therefore, even with the test body T in the partial structure test, the deformation mode of the partial structure in the actual collision process can be appropriately simulated. Therefore, the actual state of the partial structure at the time of collision can be appropriately simulated.

(Rotating member 20)
The rotating member 20 is rigidly connected to the rear end Te of the test body T. The rotating member 20 fixes the guided shaft portion 21, the abutting portion 22 having the abutting surface 22a that abuts on the regulating surface 14 (see FIG. 6) of the regulating member 12, and the rotating member 20 to the test body T. It is provided with a fixing member 23 such as a bolt for the purpose. The rotating member 20 is arranged in such a posture that the guided shaft portion 21 is along the Z axis along which the guide shaft portion 13 of the regulating member 12 is aligned and the contact surface 22a is substantially parallel to the Z axis. The rotating member 20 is relatively movable along the guide shaft portion 13, and is rotatably supported around the guide shaft portion 13. As a result, the rotating member 20 is fixed to the rear end portion Te of the test body T, and the guided shaft portion 21 is fitted to the guide shaft portion 13 of the regulating member 12 and moves relative to the Z axis. It can be rotated around the Z axis. Therefore, in an actual collision, the actual state of the partial structure in which the end portion moves relative to the Z-axis and rotates around the Z-axis can be appropriately reproduced.

The guided shaft portion 21 has a hollow cylindrical shape. The guided shaft portion 21 has a columnar inner shape corresponding to the columnar outer shape of the guide shaft portion 13. The guided shaft portion 21 may have a slit along the axial direction so that the regulated member 12 can be fitted into the guide shaft portion 13 and assembled.

The contact portion 22 has a flat plate shape having a predetermined thickness. The contact portion 22 is fixed to the side of the guided shaft portion 21 and is cantilevered. The contact portion 22 is fixed to the rear end portion Te of the test body T by the fixing member 23. The contact surface 22a is a flat surface corresponding to the regulation surface 14. The relationship between the contact surface 22a and the regulation surface 14 is that even if the rotating member 20 moves relative to the regulation member 12 along the Z axis, when the contact portion 22 and the regulation surface 14 come into contact with each other, the contact surface 22a and the regulation surface 14 come into contact with each other. The entire surface of the contact surface 22a partially overlaps the regulation surface 14. As a result, the impact force can be reliably transmitted from the regulating member 12 to the rotating member 20 regardless of the positional relationship between the rotating member 20 and the regulating member 12, and the rotating member 20 can be prevented from being damaged.

(Regulatory member 12)
The regulating member 12 has a shape extending along the guide shaft portion 13 on which the guided shaft portion 21 slides. The regulating member 12 has a guide shaft portion 13 and a regulating surface 14 (see FIG. 6) that regulates the rotational movement of the rotating member 20. The regulation surface 14 is formed when the rotating member 20 rotates around the Z axis and rotates by an acute angle β from the initial position as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) (FIG. 6 (c). ) And FIG. 6 (d)) so as to form an acute angle β (eg, β = 45 degrees) with respect to the plane perpendicular to the X axis, that is, the YZ plane. doing. As described above, the regulating member 12 has a regulating surface 14 that is inclined at a predetermined acute angle β with respect to a surface perpendicular to the X axis with the Z axis (first coordinate axis) as the center.
With such a structure, the restricting member 12 has at least one degree of freedom (here, rotation about the Z axis) relative to the rear end Te of the test body T in the middle of the process in which the impactor 10 moves in the direction of movement. Regulate exercise.

As described above, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 has a regulating member 12 that regulates the relative movement of one degree of freedom in which the relative movement is free in the middle of the process in which the impactor 10 moves in the movement direction. ing.
As a result, in the middle of the process in which the impactor 10 moves in the direction of movement, the relative movement of the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 can be changed from a free state to a restrained state. ..
Therefore, even with the test body T in the partial structure test, the change in the deformation mode of the partial structure in the actual collision process can be appropriately simulated. Therefore, the actual state of the partial structure at the time of collision can be appropriately simulated.

The guide shaft portion 13 may be provided with a stopper 13S at the upper end portion or the lower end portion. Thereby, the range in which the rotating member 20 moves relative to the regulating member 12 along the guide shaft portion 13 can be regulated. Then, when the upper end portion or the lower end portion of the guided shaft portion 21 comes into contact with the stopper 13S, the relative movement of the rotating member 20 with respect to the regulation member 12 with respect to the Z axis can be constrained. Therefore, in the middle of the process in which the impactor 10 moves along the X-axis, the relative movement of the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 along the Z-axis is restrained from a free state. Can be changed to.

(Operation of Impact Test Device 100 and Impact Test Method)
Here, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the operation of the impact test device 100 on the test body T and the impact test method using the impact test device 100 will be described.
7A and 7B are explanatory views showing the operation of the impact test device 100 in a side view, in order, FIG. 7A is a diagram showing an initial state before the test, and FIG. 7B is a first diagram immediately after the impact is applied. It is a figure which shows the state at a time point, (c) is a figure which shows the state of a 2nd time point after a 1st time point, (d) is a figure which shows the final state after a 2nd time point.
8A and 8B are explanatory views showing the operation of the impact test device 100 in a plan view, in order, FIG. 8A is a diagram showing an initial state before the test, and FIG. 8B is a first diagram immediately after the impact is applied. It is a figure which shows the state at a time point, (c) is a figure which shows the state of a 2nd time point after a 1st time point, (d) is a figure which shows the final state after a 2nd time point.

(1) First, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 8 (a), the impact test apparatus 100 is incorporated into the test body T. This is the initial state of the impact test apparatus 100 in the impact test method.
Specifically, the rotating member 20 is attached to one of the test body T and the impactor 10 (here, the test body T) (rotating member mounting step).

(2) Further, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 (here, the impactor 10) and the rotating member 20 have at least one degree of freedom (here, the Z axis) related to the first coordinate axis in the relative motion of each other. (2 degrees of freedom of relative movement along the Z-axis and rotation around the Z-axis) are connected so as to be free (connection step).
As appropriate, the restricting member 12 that regulates the relative movement with one degree of freedom described above is attached to the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 (regulatory member attaching step).
Specifically, the guided shaft portion 21 provided in the rotating member 20 is fitted and pivotally supported by the guide shaft portion 13 provided in the regulating member 12 of the impactor 10, and the impact test device 100 and the impact test device 100 are provided via the connecting portion J. Connect with the test piece T.
Since the impact test device 100 and the test body T are connected in this way, in the initial state, the rear end Te of the test body T is relative to the regulating member 12 (impact test device 100) along the X axis. Motion constraint, rotation constraint around the X axis, relative motion constraint along the Y axis, rotation constraint around the Y axis, relative motion freedom along the Z axis, rotation freedom around the Z axis In this state, it is connected to the impact test device 100.

(3) Next, the impactor 10 is moved toward the test body T to collide with the test body T (collision step). That is, by driving the impactor 10 and applying impact energy to the test body T, the test body T is pushed along the X axis. Then, in the process of pushing the test body T, the rear end Te of the test body T is free to rotate around the Z axis at the first time point, which is the first half of the pushing process (FIGS. 7 (b) and 8 (FIG. 8) and 8 (FIG. 8). b) Since), it rotates together with the contact portion 22 of the rotating member 20 by a predetermined angle less than the acute angle β (for example, 45 degrees).
The rear end portion Te of the test body T rotates by an acute angle β together with the abutting portion 22 of the rotating member 20 at the second time point after the first time point in the middle of the pushing stroke, and the rotating member 20 The contact surface 22a of the contact portion 22 comes into contact with the regulation surface 14 of the regulation member 12, and further rotation (for example, rotation of 45 degrees from the initial stage) is restricted, and the rotation is about the Z axis. It becomes a motion constraint (see FIGS. 7 (c) and 8 (c)). That is, at the second time point, the restraint state around the Z axis of the rear end Te of the test body T changes from the free rotation to the rotation restraint. That is, the rear end Te of the test body T is free to move relative to the Z axis in the middle of the process of pushing the test body T, is constrained to rotate along the Z axis, and is constrained to move relative to the Y axis. , The Y-axis is constrained to rotate.

(4) Subsequently, the impactor 10 further pushes the test body T along the X axis. Then, the contact surface 22a of the contact portion 22 is aligned with the X-axis while maintaining the posture regulated by the regulation surface 14 (a state in which the contact surface 22a is rotated by a predetermined acute angle β from the posture of the contact surface 22a in the initial state). It moves along (see FIGS. 8 (c) and 8 (d)). At the same time, the contact surface 22a relatively moves along the Z axis by an appropriate distance (see FIGS. 7 (c) and 7 (d)). That is, the rear end Te of the test body T is free to move relative to the Z axis, is rotationally constrained to the Z axis, and is restrained to move relative to the Y axis in the latter half of the stroke of pushing the test body T. , The Y-axis is constrained to rotate.
Here, when the stopper 13S is provided at the lower end of the guide shaft portion 13 of the regulating member 12, further relative movement of the rotating member 20 with respect to the regulating member 12 along the Z axis is caused by the rotating member 20. It is regulated when the lower end of the guided shaft portion comes into contact with the stopper 13S. That is, the relative movement of the rear end Te of the test body T with respect to the impactor 10 along the Z axis is in a restrained state.

(5) When the impact energy given to the test body T is consumed due to the deformation of the test body T or the like, the impactor 10 stops (see FIGS. 7 (d) and 8 (d)).

As described above, according to the impact test device 100 and the impact test method using the impact test device 100 according to the present embodiment, the impact test device 100 has at least one degree of freedom related to the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the X axis. Since the connecting portion J for connecting the impactor 10 and the test body T is provided so as to be obtained, it is possible to appropriately simulate the deformation mode of the partial structure when the colliding object actually collides with the vehicle 200. Further, since the impact test device 100 includes the regulating member 12, the colliding object actually changes the restraint state of the partial structure from free to restraint in the middle of the process in which the colliding object actually collides with the vehicle 200. Can appropriately simulate the change in the deformation mode of the partial structure when the vehicle collides with the vehicle 200.

(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 have two degrees of freedom (2 degrees of freedom) related to the Z-axis orthogonal to the X-axis (movement direction of the impactor 10) of the relative movements of each other. The case where the relative movement along the Z-axis and the rotation around the Z-axis) are connected so as to be free has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, it suffices that they are connected so that at least one degree of freedom related to the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the X axis of the relative motions of each other is free.

For example, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 have one degree of freedom (rotation around the Z axis) with respect to the Z axis orthogonal to the X axis in the relative motion of each other (X). Of the four degrees of freedom related to the Y-axis and the Z-axis, excluding the two degrees of freedom related to the axis, one degree of freedom may be free and three degrees of freedom may be constrained).

For example, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 have one degree of freedom (relative motion along the Z axis) with respect to the Z axis orthogonal to the X axis of the relative motions of each other (X). Of the four degrees of freedom related to the Y-axis and the Z-axis, excluding the two degrees of freedom related to the axis, one degree of freedom may be free and three degrees of freedom may be constrained).

For example, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 have one degree of freedom (rotation around the Y axis) with respect to the Y axis orthogonal to the X axis in the relative movement of each other (X). Of the four degrees of freedom related to the Y-axis and the Z-axis, excluding the two degrees of freedom related to the axis, one degree of freedom may be free and three degrees of freedom may be constrained).

For example, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 have two degrees of freedom (relative motion along the Y axis, around the Y axis) related to the Y axis orthogonal to the X axis in the relative motion of each other. Even if they are connected so that the rotation) is free (1 degree of freedom is free and 3 degrees of freedom are constrained out of 4 degrees of freedom related to the Y-axis and Z-axis, excluding 2 degrees of freedom related to the X-axis). good.

For example, the other of the test body T and the impactor 10 and the rotating member 20 have four degrees of freedom (relative movement along the Y axis, Y) related to the Y-axis and the Z-axis orthogonal to the X-axis of the relative movements of each other. Freedom to rotate around the axis, relative movement along the Z axis, rotation around the Z axis) (4 degrees of freedom out of 4 degrees of freedom related to the Y axis and Z axis, excluding 2 degrees of freedom related to the X axis) It may be connected so as to be (free).

As a specific structure for realizing each of the above examples, for example, the connecting portion J is set to a coordinate axis in which the shaft portion (guide shaft portion 13 and the guided shaft portion 21) constituting the connecting portion J is free. Try to be in line with your posture. Then, when restraining the rotation related to the coordinate axes, for example, a rail along the free coordinate axes may be provided in the guide shaft portion 13, and a groove fitted in the rail may be provided in the guided shaft portion 21. Further, when restraining the relative motion related to the coordinate axes, for example, projecting pieces that come into contact with both ends of the guided shaft portion 21 may be provided at the corresponding positions of the guide shaft portion 13. Further, when the four degrees of freedom related to the Y-axis and the Z-axis are freed, a structure in which the connecting portion J is pivotally supported by the spherical surfaces may be used.

10 Impactor 11 Actuator 12 Regulator 12 Guide shaft 14 Regulator surface 20 Rotating member 21 Guided shaft 22 Contact 22a Contact surface 23 Fixing member 100 Impact test device 200 Vehicle B Rigid node BB Rigid node BP Front bumper CA Cabin CM Connection member FM Front member J Connection part MF Mainframe OB Obstacle T Specimen Te Rear end Tw Front end UM Upper member W Rigid body wall α Ratio β Acute angle

Claims (7)

An impact tester that gives an impact to the test piece
An impactor that moves in the direction of movement toward the test piece,
A connecting portion for connecting a rotating member attached to one of the test body and the impactor is provided.
The test body, the other of the impactor, and the rotating member are connected so as to have at least one degree of freedom related to the first coordinate axis orthogonal to the direction of motion in the relative motion of each other. Impact test equipment. The impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first coordinate axis is a vertical axis. The test piece and the other of the impactor have a regulating member that regulates the relative movement of the one degree of freedom in the middle of the process in which the impactor moves in the direction of movement, according to claim 1 or 2. Impact test equipment described in. The regulating member has a guide shaft portion and has a guide shaft portion.
The impact test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the rotating member is pivotally supported so as to be relatively movable along the guide shaft portion and rotatably around the guide shaft portion. The impact test according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the regulating member has a regulating surface that is inclined at a predetermined acute angle with respect to a surface perpendicular to the movement direction with the first coordinate axis as a center. Device. It is an impact test method that gives an impact to the test piece.
The rotating member mounting step of mounting the rotating member on one of the test piece and the impactor, and
A connecting step of connecting the test piece, the other of the impactor, and the rotating member so that at least one degree of freedom related to the first coordinate axis of the relative motion of each other is free.
An impact test method comprising a collision step of moving the impactor toward the test body and causing the impactor to collide with the test body. The impact test method according to claim 6, further comprising a regulating member mounting step of mounting the regulating member that regulates the relative movement of the one degree of freedom on the other side of the test body and the impactor.

Images