JP2021120879A - Smoke detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a smoke detection device capable of efficiently identifying a smoke generation location while grasping a distribution of smoke concentration from information on smoke concentration and a movement history.SOLUTION: A smoke detection device comprises: a suction nozzle 10 having an air suction port at a tip; a smoke concentration detection unit 22 for detecting smoke concentration contained in air sucked from the suction nozzle 10; a wind direction detection unit 13 for detecting a wind direction; a nozzle movement detection unit 25 that detects a movement amount and a movement direction of the suction nozzle 10; a control unit 20 that estimates a direction of a smoke generation location from a history of detection information by the smoke concentration detection unit 22, the wind direction detection unit 13, and the nozzle movement detection unit 25; and a direction display unit 26 that displays the direction of the smoke generation location estimated by the control unit 20; in which: the control unit 20 determines a peak position of the smoke concentration from the information on the smoke concentration with respect to a movement amount from a start to an end of the movement of the suction nozzle 10, and causes the direction display unit 26 to display the direction of the peak position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to a portable smoke detection device that detects smoke particles contained in air sucked from a suction nozzle.

A high-sensitivity smoke detection device capable of detecting minute smoke is installed in a computer room in which a server or the like is installed or a clean room in a semiconductor manufacturing facility or the like. The high-sensitivity smoke detector sucks air from a sampling tube installed in the monitoring area, optically detects particles floating in the sucked air using laser light, and when the number of particles exceeds a predetermined number. Outputs an alarm.

In addition to such a fixed smoke detection device, a portable smoke detection device is also known. The portable smoke detection device is brought into a monitoring area and used, and has a suction nozzle for sucking air and a main body for detecting the smoke concentration in the air sucked from the suction nozzle. The operator grips the main body of the portable smoke detection device, or fixes it to the body with a shoulder strap or the like, and moves by holding the suction nozzle by hand. Then, by pointing the suction nozzles at various locations, it is possible to identify the location where smoke is generated. Examples of such a smoke detection device include those listed in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-182803

In order to identify the smoke generation location with the portable smoke detector, the suction nozzle must be pointed at various locations while the worker is moving within the monitoring area as described above, and the suction nozzle is directed to various locations in the dark clouds. Even if you turn to, it may be difficult to identify the location where smoke is generated. Since smoke flows from the windward to the leeward, it is possible to point the suction nozzle toward the leeward, but it is difficult to recognize the wind direction in the monitoring area, which is often indoors, and the wind. Even if the upward direction can be recognized, efficient smoke detection is difficult unless the distribution of smoke concentration can be grasped. Further, such a smoke detection device needs to have a very high sensitivity, and the presence of smoke cannot be easily recognized by the human eye.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a smoke detection device capable of efficiently identifying a smoke generation location while grasping the distribution of smoke concentration from information on smoke concentration and movement history. The purpose is.

In order to solve the above problems, the smoke detection device according to the invention of claim 1 includes a suction nozzle having an air suction port at the tip and a suction nozzle.
A smoke concentration detection unit that detects the smoke concentration contained in the air sucked from the suction nozzle, and
A wind direction detector that detects the wind direction,
A nozzle movement detection unit that detects the movement amount and movement direction of the suction nozzle, and
A control unit that estimates the direction of the smoke generation location from the history of detection information by the smoke concentration detection unit, the wind direction detection unit, and the nozzle movement detection unit.
A direction display unit that displays the direction of the smoke generation location estimated by the control unit, and
Have,
The control unit determines the peak position of the smoke concentration from the information of the smoke concentration with respect to the movement amount from the start to the end of the movement of the suction nozzle, and causes the direction display unit to display the direction of the peak position. It is configured as a feature.

According to the invention of claim 1, since the suction nozzle can be moved while locating the direction of the smoke generation location based on the smoke concentration distribution, the smoke generation location can be efficiently specified. ..

Further, in the smoke detection device according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the suction nozzle is moved, the control unit obtains detection information by the smoke concentration detection unit, the wind direction detection unit, and the nozzle movement detection unit at predetermined intervals. It is characterized by recording.

According to the invention of claim 2, the history of the smoke concentration, the wind direction, and the movement information of the suction nozzle can be acquired, and the direction of the smoke generation location can be estimated by the control unit.

Further, in the smoke detection device according to the third aspect of the present invention, the control unit causes the direction display unit to display the windward direction of the wind direction detected by the wind direction detection unit at the start of movement of the suction nozzle. It is configured as a feature.

According to the invention of claim 3, since the smoke flows from the windward side to the leeward side, the suction nozzle can be moved so as to approach the smoke generation location with a high probability.

Then, in the smoke detection device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the suction nozzle moves to the peak position of the smoke concentration, the control unit displays the upwind direction of the wind direction detected at the position to the direction display unit. It is configured to be displayed.

According to the invention of claim 4, the suction nozzle can be guided to be closer to the smoke generating portion.

Further, in the smoke detection device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the control unit detects the smoke concentration more than a predetermined value and cannot determine the peak position of the smoke concentration, the direction display unit indicates the wind direction direction. It is characterized by displaying a movement instruction in a vertical direction.

According to the invention of claim 5, when there is an air flow in a certain direction in the monitored area, it is determined whether or not the smoke generating point is located in the windward direction, and the smoke generating point is more accurately determined. The direction of can be estimated.

According to the smoke detection device according to the present invention, since the smoke generation location can be efficiently identified, the initial fire can be quickly detected, and the influence of the fire can be minimized by extinguishing the fire at an early stage.

It is a top view of the smoke detection device in this embodiment. It is a front view of the smoke detection device. It is an enlarged view of the alarm display part. It is a top view of the smoke detection device in a state where the handle part is grasped by a hand. It is a block diagram which showed the structure of the smoke detection device. It is a flowchart of smoke detection using a smoke detection device. It is a schematic diagram which looked at the monitoring area from the top. It is a distribution map of the smoke concentration when moving from A to B. It is a schematic view of the monitoring area in the state where the smoke detection device is guided to the position where the smoke concentration peaks, as seen from above. It is a schematic diagram which looked at the monitoring area from the top when almost constant smoke concentration is observed from the smoke generation place toward the leeward direction. It is a front view of the smoke detection device of the 2nd form.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The smoke detection device of the present embodiment is portable and is used by an operator to move in the monitoring area by hand and identify the location where smoke is generated. FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the smoke detection device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a front view of the smoke detection device. As shown in each of these figures, the smoke detection device of the present embodiment has a housing 1 that can be held by hand.

The housing 1 is formed so as to form a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape. A suction nozzle 10 is provided so as to extend in one direction from one surface of the housing 1. The suction nozzle 10 has a hollow pipe portion 11 directly connected to the housing 1, and the tip thereof is an open suction port 12. The suction port 12 communicates with the inside of the housing 1, and the air sucked from the suction port 12 can be taken into the housing 1. At the tip of the pipe portion 11, a wind direction detecting portion 13 capable of detecting the wind direction of air is provided.

The wind direction detection unit 13 is provided with two sets of detection units in which the ultrasonic wave generation unit and the ultrasonic wave reception unit are arranged to face each other, and these two sets of detection units are arranged at a predetermined angle with each other. Since the velocity of the sound wave changes according to the flow velocity of the air, it is possible to detect in which direction the air is flowing by detecting the velocity of the sound wave at each detection unit facing different angles. .. The wind direction detection unit 13 may detect the wind direction by a principle other than this.

A handle portion 15, a smoke concentration display portion 16, a power switch 32, and a direction display portion 26 are provided on a surface of the housing 1 orthogonal to the surface on which the suction nozzle 10 is provided. The handle portion 15 is formed in a handle shape that can be grasped by an operator by hand. Further, the smoke concentration display unit 16 is a bar graph-shaped display portion, and can display the detected smoke concentration in real time. The smoke concentration display unit 16 is not limited to a bar graph shape, and may have another form such as a smoke concentration display numerically or an indicator display. Further, the smoke concentration display unit 16 may be provided with a switch for switching the range of the smoke concentration to be displayed, or a volume switch for continuously changing the range. The power switch 25 can perform an on / off operation of the power supply in the smoke detection device. In addition, the direction display unit 26 displays the direction presumed to be the smoke generation location when the smoke generation location is specified. As the direction display unit 26, a liquid crystal screen, an LED matrix panel, a mechanism for displaying a direction by rotating a small piece on which an arrow is drawn, a needle indicating a direction, or the like can be used.

A reset switch 33 and an alarm display unit 34 are provided on the surface of the housing 1 where the suction nozzle 10 is provided and the surface where the handle portion 15 and the smoke concentration display unit 16 are provided. The reset switch 33 is operated to return to the normal state when an error occurs in the smoke detection device.

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the alarm display unit 34. The alarm display unit 34 has a caution light, a warning light, and an alarm light in response to an increase in the detected smoke concentration. It also has a power light that indicates power supply, a failure representative light that indicates the occurrence of a failure, and a suction check light that indicates clogging of the suction system.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the smoke detection device in a state where the handle portion 15 is gripped by hand. As shown in this figure, the housing 1 can be held by the operator holding the handle portion 15 with one hand. Since the handle portion 15 and the suction nozzle 10 are integrally provided in the housing 1, the suction nozzle 10 is obtained by the operator grasping the handle portion 15 by hand and changing the direction of the hand. You can also change the direction in which you are facing. Further, since the smoke display unit 16, the direction display unit 26, and the wind speed display unit 27 are provided on the surface on which the handle portion 15 is provided, the operator can generate smoke concentration and smoke while grasping the housing 1 by hand. The estimated direction and wind speed can be confirmed.

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram showing the configuration of the smoke detection device. As shown in this figure, the housing 1 sucks air with a control unit 20 that controls a smoke detection device, a storage unit 21 that stores data, a smoke detection unit 22 that detects smoke concentration, and air. It has a suction unit 23 and a power supply unit 30 that supplies power to the smoke detection device. The operation of the smoke detection unit 22 and the suction unit 23 is controlled by the control unit 20. The power supply unit 30 includes a rechargeable battery.

Further, the smoke concentration display unit 16, the power switch 32, and the reset switch 33 are connected to the control unit 20. When the power switch 32 is operated from off to on, power is supplied from the power supply unit 30 to each unit, and the control unit 20, the smoke detection unit 22, the suction unit 23, and the like are put into an operating state.

Further, the control unit 20 is connected to an acoustic output unit 36 including an alarm display unit 34, a direction display unit 26, a wind speed display unit 27, a nozzle direction detection unit 24, a nozzle movement detection unit 25, and a speaker capable of sound output. NS. A voice signal is output from the control unit 20 according to a state such as normal, caution, caution, alarm, or failure, and the sound output unit 36 sounds a buzzer or outputs a voice based on the voice signal. The nozzle direction detection unit 24 is a sensor that can detect in which direction the suction nozzle 10 is facing, and has a gyro sensor or the like inside. Further, the nozzle movement detection unit 25 is a sensor capable of detecting how much the suction nozzle 10 has moved in the orthogonal triaxial direction, and has a triaxial acceleration sensor and the like inside. A liquid crystal screen, a 7-segment LED, or the like can be used for the wind speed display unit 27.

The smoke detection unit 22 takes in the air sucked through the suction nozzle 10 into the suction pipe, condenses the laser beam on the airflow flowing through the suction pipe, and forms a smoke detection point of about 1 micrometer. The scattered light generated when smoke particles pass through this smoke detection point is received by a photodiode arranged so as to intersect the optical axis of the laser light, and the detection pulse is output and counted. A minute smoke concentration can be detected by the count number. Information on the smoke concentration detected by the smoke detection unit 22 is sent to the control unit 20, and the control unit 20 can make the smoke concentration display unit 16 display a display according to the smoke concentration detected by the smoke detection unit 22.

The suction unit 23 has a suction fan inside, whereby air can be sucked from the suction port 12 of the suction nozzle 10. The air sucked from the suction nozzle 10 is taken into the smoke detection unit 22 as described above. Further, a discharge port (not shown) is formed on the bottom surface of the housing 1, and air is discharged from this discharge port.

The power supply unit 30 is connected to the power supply circuit unit 31. The power supply circuit unit 31 can be connected to an AC plug that can be connected to an AC outlet, and by inputting 100 volt AC, it can be converted into a predetermined DC voltage and output to the power supply unit 30. As a result, electric power is input to the power supply unit 30 from the power supply circuit unit 31 to charge the power supply unit 30.

Next, a method of using the smoke detection device of the present embodiment will be described. A fixed smoke detection device is installed in the monitoring area, and when a smoke concentration equal to or higher than a predetermined value is detected by the smoke detection device, the operator holds the smoke detection device of the present embodiment and holds the monitoring area. Work to identify the location of smoke generation. At this time, the operator operates the power switch 25 from off to on, turns on the power of the smoke detection device, and holds the handle portion 15 of the housing 10 with one hand to perform the work.

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart for identifying the smoke generation location. First, the control unit 20 causes the wind direction detection unit 13 to detect the wind direction at the first point (S1). When the wind direction is detected, the control unit 20 causes the direction display unit 26 to display the windward direction (S2). The direction display on the direction display unit 26 displays the direction while correcting the direction based on the direction information detected by the nozzle direction detection unit 24. Specifically, when the wind direction is detected, the control unit 20 also acquires the direction information from the nozzle direction detection unit 24 at the same time, and thereafter, acquires the direction information from the nozzle direction detection unit 24 at predetermined intervals to obtain an angle. The display direction on the direction display unit 26 is corrected according to the amount of change in. The same applies to the following.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of the monitoring area 40 as viewed from above. This figure shows the smoke generation location 41, the air conditioning port 42, and the distribution of smoke concentration. The smoke diffuses from the windward side to the leeward side in the monitoring area 40 so as to spread in a fan shape from the place where the smoke is generated. Further, if the wind speed from the air conditioner is higher than a certain level, it is considered that the smoke from the smoke generating portion 41 does not stay near the ceiling but flows laterally from the generating portion. At the beginning, it is assumed that the smoke detector is located at A in the figure. Further, at the position A, it is assumed that the wind direction detection unit 13 detects the wind direction in the direction of the arrow 42. In this case, the control unit 20 causes the direction display unit 26 to display the direction of the arrow 43, which is the upwind direction.

Next, the control unit 20 waits for the start of movement of the smoke detection device (S3). The control unit 20 determines that the movement has started when the nozzle movement detection unit 25 detects a movement of a predetermined amount or more in any direction. When the movement is started, the control unit 20 acquires the smoke concentration information by the smoke detection unit 22, the wind direction information by the wind direction detection unit 13, and the movement information by the nozzle movement detection unit 25 at predetermined intervals. , These are associated and stored in the storage unit 21 (S4). This is continued until the movement is completed (S5). The end of the movement is determined by the nozzle movement detection unit 25 when the amount of movement within a unit time is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Since the smoke concentration is displayed on the smoke concentration display unit 16 at hand during movement, the operator can grasp the smoke concentration in real time.

When the movement is completed, the control unit 20 reads the acquired smoke concentration history and determines whether or not a smoke concentration equal to or higher than a predetermined value is detected (S6). When the smoke concentration is not detected more than a predetermined value, the operation from S1 is repeated. When a smoke concentration equal to or higher than a predetermined value is detected, the control unit 20 detects a position where the smoke concentration peaks (S7).

In FIG. 7, it is assumed that the vehicle has moved from A to B in the figure between S3 and S6. The distribution of smoke concentration when moving from A to B is shown in FIG. 8 (a). When moving from A to B in FIG. 7, a peak appears at the position C in the middle as shown in this figure. In S7, from the movement information by the nozzle movement detection unit 25 and the smoke concentration information by the smoke detection unit 22, it is detected in which direction and how far the position where the smoke concentration peaks is from the current position.

FIG. 8 also shows another pattern of smoke concentration distribution. In the case of a pattern in which the smoke concentration continues to increase from A to B as shown in FIG. 8B, the position B is determined to be the peak position. In the case of a pattern in which the smoke concentration continues to decrease from A to B as shown in FIG. 8C, the position A is determined to be the peak position. As shown in FIG. 8C, when the smoke concentration does not fluctuate so much at a certain level, the peak position cannot be detected. In such a case, the peak position is determined to be undetectable.

When the peak position can be detected from the smoke concentration distribution (S8), the control unit 20 causes the direction display unit 26 to display the direction of the peak position (S9). When the smoke detection device moves and reaches a position where the smoke concentration peaks (S10), the control unit 20 causes the direction display unit 26 to display the upwind direction at that point (S11). FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a state in which the smoke detection device is guided to a position where the smoke concentration peaks. At the position C where the smoke concentration peaks, the wind direction in the direction of arrow 44 was detected. Therefore, the control unit 20 causes the direction display unit 26 to display the direction of the arrow 45, which is the upwind direction.

Such a smoke distribution occurs when the wind speed in the room as shown in FIG. 9 is relatively low. At this time, the smoke rises from the generation point 41 due to the hot airflow, flows along the ceiling surface, and diffuses to the lower part of the room by convection. Therefore, in the very early stage of fire, smoke exists only near the ceiling of the room, and it is necessary to measure the suction port 12 of the smoke detection device toward the ceiling. The wind speed measured by the wind direction detection unit 13 provided in the suction port 12 is displayed on the wind speed display unit 27. Therefore, for example, when the wind speed is 10 cm / s or less, it is determined that there is no wind, and the suction port 12 Can be directed near the ceiling to resume measurement.

After that, it returns to S3 and repeats the subsequent operations. In FIG. 9, it moves in the windward direction from the position of C and reaches the position of D. In this case, since the position E is the position where the smoke concentration peaks, the smoke detection device is guided from the position D to the position E. Since the smoke concentration is high at the position E, the smoke generation point 41 can be found by pointing the suction nozzle 10 to various places around the position E. If the smoke generation location cannot be found up to this point, the steps S3 to S11 are repeated.

When the position where the smoke concentration peak cannot be detected in S8, the smoke concentration distribution as shown in FIG. 10 can be considered. This distribution is seen in some clean rooms, etc., when the wind direction is controlled so that the airflow is constant from one wall surface to the other wall surface, and is seen in the leeward direction from the smoke generation location 41. Almost constant smoke concentration is observed toward. In this case, the distribution is as shown in FIG. 8D, and the peak position cannot be detected.

In the case of the distribution as shown in FIG. 10, the change in smoke concentration can be detected by moving the suction nozzle 10 in the direction perpendicular to the wind direction. Therefore, when the position where the smoke concentration peak cannot be detected in S8, the control unit 20 causes the direction display unit 26 to display the direction perpendicular to the wind direction (S12). After that, the control unit 20 waits for the start of movement (S13), and when the movement is started, the smoke concentration information, the wind direction information, and the movement information by the nozzle movement detection unit 25 are acquired at predetermined intervals (S14), and the movement is performed. (S14), the position where the smoke concentration peaks is detected (S16). If the peak position can be detected here (S17), it can be estimated that the smoke generation location is in the upwind direction, so that the control unit 20 causes the direction display unit 26 to display the upwind direction (S18). If the peak position cannot be detected in S17, it is presumed that the smoke generation location is in a different direction, so that the direction display unit 26 displays a direction different from the windward direction (S19). After that, it returns to S3 and repeats the subsequent operations.

As described above, the smoke detection device of the present embodiment detects the movement amount and the movement direction of the wind direction detection unit 13 for detecting the wind direction, the nozzle direction detection unit 24 for detecting the direction of the suction nozzle 10, and the suction nozzle 10. It has a nozzle movement detection unit 25, and estimates the direction of the smoke generation location with respect to the direction of the suction nozzle 10 detected by the nozzle direction detection unit 25 from the smoke concentration and wind direction, and the movement information of the suction nozzle 10, and that direction. Is displayed on the direction display unit 26, so that the suction nozzle 10 can be moved while considering the direction of the smoke generation location, so that the smoke generation location can be efficiently specified. As a result, the initial fire can be detected quickly, and the effect of the fire can be minimized by extinguishing the fire at an early stage.

Up to this point, the housing 1 having the suction nozzle 10 has described the smoke detection device having the smoke detection unit 22 and the like, but the main body portion having the smoke detection unit and the nozzle portion having the suction nozzle may be separated. .. FIG. 11 shows a front view of the smoke detection device of the second form. As shown in this figure, the smoke detection device of this embodiment is configured by connecting the main body 50 and the nozzle 51 by a hose member 52.

The main body 50 has a box-shaped main body housing 60, and a main body handle 61 that can be held by hand is provided on the upper surface thereof. An alarm display unit 62 that displays the smoke concentration level is arranged on the front surface of the main body unit housing 60. Further, a hose connecting portion 63 for connecting the hose member 52 is formed on the side surface of the main body housing 60. A control unit 20, a storage unit 21, a smoke detection unit 22, a suction unit 23, a power supply unit 30, a power supply circuit unit 31, an acoustic output unit 36, and the like are provided in the main body unit 50.

As shown in FIG. 11, the nozzle portion 51 has a nozzle portion housing 70 formed in a box shape. The nozzle portion housing 70 is formed with a hose connecting portion 71 for connecting the hose member 52 from the main body portion 50. A suction nozzle 73 is provided on the surface of the nozzle portion housing 70 opposite to the surface on which the hose connection portion 71 is provided. The suction nozzle 73 has a suction port 74 and a wind direction detecting unit at the tip thereof. Further, the nozzle unit 51 has a nozzle direction detection unit 24, a nozzle movement detection unit 25, and the like inside. A direction display unit 26 is provided on the upper surface of the nozzle unit 51.

In such a smoke detection device, as in the smoke detection device of the first embodiment, smoke is based on information from the wind direction detection unit 13, the smoke detection unit 22, the nozzle direction detection unit 24, and the nozzle movement detection unit 25. By estimating the direction of the smoke generation location and displaying the direction on the direction display unit 26, it is possible to efficiently identify the smoke generation location.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the application of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment and can be applied in various ways within the scope of the technical idea thereof.

1 Housing 10 Suction nozzle 11 Pipe part 12 Suction port 13 Wind direction detection part 15 Handle part 16 Smoke concentration display part 20 Control part 21 Storage part 22 Smoke detection unit 23 Suction unit 24 Nozzle direction detection part 25 Nozzle movement detection part 26 Direction display Part 30 Power supply unit 31 Power supply circuit unit 32 Power supply switch 33 Reset switch 34 Alarm display unit 35 Fan switch 36 Sound output unit 40 Monitoring area 41 Smoke generation location

Claims (5)

A suction nozzle with an air suction port at the tip,
A smoke concentration detection unit that detects the smoke concentration contained in the air sucked from the suction nozzle, and
A wind direction detector that detects the wind direction,
A nozzle movement detection unit that detects the movement amount and movement direction of the suction nozzle, and
A control unit that estimates the direction of the smoke generation location from the history of detection information by the smoke concentration detection unit, the wind direction detection unit, and the nozzle movement detection unit.
A direction display unit that displays the direction of the smoke generation location estimated by the control unit, and
Have,
The control unit determines the peak position of the smoke concentration from the information of the smoke concentration with respect to the movement amount from the start to the end of the movement of the suction nozzle, and causes the direction display unit to display the direction of the peak position. A smoke detector characterized by. The smoke detection according to claim 1, wherein the control unit records detection information by the smoke concentration detection unit, the wind direction detection unit, and the nozzle movement detection unit at predetermined intervals when the suction nozzle moves. Device. The smoke detection device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit displays the windward direction of the wind direction detected by the wind direction detection unit on the direction display unit when the suction nozzle starts to move. Any of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the suction nozzle moves to the peak position of the smoke concentration, the control unit displays the windward direction of the wind direction detected at the position on the direction display unit. The smoke detection device according to item 1. The control unit is characterized in that when the smoke concentration is detected above a predetermined value and the peak position of the smoke concentration cannot be determined, the direction display unit displays a movement instruction in a direction perpendicular to the wind direction. The smoke detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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