JP2021117021A - Material testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a material testing machine capable of executing a material test by applying a test force to a specimen at an arbitrary position and, if necessary, from an arbitrary direction by fixing a loading platform at an arbitrary position in a reciprocating movement direction.SOLUTION: The material testing machine includes a test force applying mechanism 20 provided with a base 11, a plurality of support rods 13 erected on the base 11, a cross head 14 that can be raised and lowered along a support rod 13, a hydraulic cylinder 22 for making a test force applying portion 21 move in a test force applying direction, the test force applying mechanism being arranged on the cross head 14, and a loading platform 10 capable of reciprocating movement along a rail 12 disposed on the base 11. The material testing machine is the one in which the test force applying mechanism 20 applies a test force to a specimen 100 fixed on the loading platform 10 and which is provided with a braking mechanism 40 that receives a signal from an operation unit and fixes the loading platform 10 to the rail 12 at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the rail 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a material testing machine.

For example, in a material testing machine that performs a load-bearing test using an automobile part or the like as a specimen, a loading platform is used to transport the specimen between the preparation position and the test position. This loading platform can move horizontally between the preparation position and the test position along a guide member such as a rail.

Patent Document 1 includes a mounting base having a rotating body attached below the mounting base so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, and a movement guiding mechanism for guiding the movement of the mounting base by rolling the rotating body of the mounting base. , A compression test apparatus is disclosed that allows the mount to move between a test position and a position horizontally distant from this position.

JP-A-55-20472

In such a material testing machine, a braking mechanism for preventing the loading platform from moving during the material test is required. In the compression tester described in Patent Document 1, the loading platform is subjected to a compression test by connecting the connecting pins arranged on the loading platform side and the connecting pins arranged on the testing machine platform side using a fixed frame. A configuration is adopted in which the device is fixed at the position where the above is executed.

In the compression tester described in Patent Document 1, the position of the loading platform when the compression test is executed is fixed. Therefore, the loading platform is fixed at one position. However, in recent years, there has been a demand for fixing the loading platform at an arbitrary position for the purpose of applying test force to various positions of the specimen to perform a material test.

Further, the compression tester described in Patent Document 1 is configured to apply a test force in the vertical direction to the specimen. However, in recent years, there has been a demand to apply test force to a specimen from various directions to perform a material test.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and by fixing the loading platform at an arbitrary position in the reciprocating movement direction thereof, it can be arbitrarily positioned with respect to the specimen and, if necessary, arbitrarily. It is an object of the present invention to provide a material testing machine capable of performing a material test by applying a test force from the above direction.

A first aspect of the present invention is a base, a pair of support rods erected on the base, a crosshead that can be raised and lowered along the support rods, a test force applying portion, and the test force applying portion. A test force applying mechanism arranged on the crosshead and a loading platform capable of reciprocating along a guide member arranged on the base. It is a material testing machine that applies a test force to a specimen fixed on the above-mentioned loading platform by the test force applying mechanism, and receives a signal from an operation unit to attach the previously described loading platform to the guide member. A braking mechanism for fixing the guide member at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction is provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by fixing the loading platform at an arbitrary position in the reciprocating movement direction thereof, a test force can be applied at an arbitrary position with respect to the specimen and, if necessary, from an arbitrary direction. It becomes possible to carry out the material test by giving.

It is a front view of the material testing machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the material testing machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the vicinity of a loading platform 10 in an enlarged manner. It is a front view of the braking mechanism 40. It is a front view of the wheel elevating mechanism 50. It is a side view of the wheel elevating mechanism 50. It is a circuit diagram which shows the main hydraulic circuit of the material tester which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a material testing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the material testing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view showing the vicinity of the loading platform 10. In FIG. 1, the specimen 100 placed on the loading platform 10 is shown by a virtual line. Further, in FIG. 2, the state in which the loading platform 10 is arranged near the center of the base 11 is shown by a solid line, and the state in which the loading platform 10 is arranged near the left end of the base 11 and the specimen 100 is placed is shown. It is shown by a virtual line. Further, FIG. 3 shows a state in which the loading platform 10 is arranged near the right end of the base 11.

This material testing machine is for performing a load-bearing test by, for example, applying a test force to a specimen 100 constituting an automobile part. The material tester was arranged on the base 11, four support rods 13 erected on the base 11, a crosshead 14 that can be raised and lowered along the support rods 13, and the base 11. A loading platform 10 capable of reciprocating in a horizontal direction (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1 and a left-right direction in FIGS. 2 and 3) along a rail 12 as a guide member is provided. The crosshead 14 is provided with a test force applying mechanism 20 having a test force applying unit 21 and a hydraulic cylinder 22 as an actuator for moving the test force applying unit 21 in the test force applying direction. ..

The crosshead 14 is driven by a pair of hydraulic cylinders 15 and moves up and down along four support rods 13. Further, the crosshead 14 is fixed at a predetermined height position with respect to the support rod 13 by the action of the clamp mechanism 16 provided with the hydraulic cylinder.

As shown in FIG. 1, the test force applying mechanism 20 is connected to a feed mechanism 18 such as a feed screw or a synchronous belt that receives the drive of the motor 17 arranged on the crosshead 14, and is connected along the crosshead 14. It can move in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the reciprocating movement direction of the loading platform 10. Further, the test force applying mechanism 20 can swing around a horizontal axis arranged in the swing portion 23. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the test force applying mechanism 20 has a position 20a for applying the test force in the vertical direction, a position 20b for applying the test force in the horizontal direction, and a position 20c for applying the test force in the diagonal direction. As the crosshead 14 descends, it becomes possible to move to various positions such as a position 20d below the position 20b and a position 20e facing the opposite side of the position 20d.

When the material test is performed with the test force applying mechanism 20 in the posture indicated by the reference numeral 20a, the test force facing the vertical direction is applied to the specimen 100. Further, when the material test is performed in a state where the test force applying mechanism 20 is in the posture indicated by the reference numeral 20d or 20e, a test force facing the horizontal direction is applied to the specimen 100. Further, when the material test is performed in a state where the test force applying mechanism 20 is in the posture indicated by the reference numeral 20c, a test force directed in an oblique direction is applied to the specimen 100.

Here, reference numeral 32 shown in FIG. 2 indicates a pipeline or the like for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 22 of the test force applying mechanism 20, the hydraulic cylinder 15 for raising and lowering the cross head 14, the hydraulic cylinder of the clamp mechanism 16, and the like. It is a supporting piping stand. Reference numeral 33 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicates a cable protection guide for guiding a pipeline or the like for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 42 of the braking mechanism 40 and the hydraulic cylinder 54 of the wheel elevating mechanism 50, which will be described later. It is a member.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the material testing machine includes a braking mechanism 40 for fixing the loading platform 10 to the rail 12 at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the rail 12, and the loading platform 10. A wheel elevating mechanism 50 for switching between a movable state and a non-movable state is provided. Six braking mechanisms 40 are provided below the loading platform 10. Further, four wheel elevating mechanisms 50 are provided in the loading platform 10.

FIG. 4 is a front schematic view of the braking mechanism 40.

The braking mechanism 40 includes a clamp member 41 arranged so as to surround the rail 12, and a hydraulic cylinder 42 arranged in the clamp member 41. When high-pressure hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 42, as shown in FIG. 4, the loading platform 10 rises together with the clamp member 41, and the upper surface of the substantially L-shaped region of the clamp member 41 and the lower surface of the rail 12 Are in contact with each other and the clamp member 41 is pressed against the rail 12 to be fixed. As a result, the movement of the clamp member 41 and the loading platform 10 connected to the clamp member 41 is fixed at that position. On the other hand, when the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 42 is discharged, the upper surface of the substantially L-shaped region of the clamp member 41 and the lower surface of the rail 12 are separated by the weight of the loading platform 10, and the loading platform 10 will be described later. By the action of the wheel elevating mechanism 50, it becomes possible to move along the rail 12. The hydraulic cylinder 42 corresponds to the first fluid cylinder according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front schematic view of the wheel elevating mechanism 50. FIG. 6 is a side schematic view of the wheel elevating mechanism 50.

The wheel elevating mechanism 50 supports a pair of wheels 53 in a rotatable state, and includes a swing member 52 that can swing around a support shaft 51. The end of the swing member 52 on the opposite side of the support shaft 51 is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 54. When high-pressure hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 54, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the swing member 52 is pressed by the hydraulic cylinder 54 and swings around the support shaft 51, so that the wheel 53 is moved. The wheels 53 come into contact with the rail 12 and are arranged at a moving position where the loading platform 10 is separated from the base 11 and can be moved by the wheels 53. On the other hand, when the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 54 is discharged, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 6, the wheels 53 are arranged at a separated position separated from the rail 12, and the loading platform 10 hits the base 11 by its own weight. Touch.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a main hydraulic circuit of the material testing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The six hydraulic cylinders 42 in the braking mechanism 40 are connected to the hydraulic source 81 and the tank 82 via an electromagnetic switching valve 83 and a pilot check valve 85. Further, the four hydraulic cylinders 54 in the wheel elevating mechanism 50 are connected to the hydraulic source 81 and the tank 82 via an electromagnetic switching valve 84 and a pilot type check valve 86. A pressure gauge 88 and a relief valve 87 are arranged in this hydraulic circuit. Although not shown in FIG. 7, the hydraulic source 81 and the tank 82 are also connected to other hydraulic devices such as the hydraulic cylinder 15 and the hydraulic cylinder 22.

The electromagnetic switching valve 83 receives an operation signal from the control unit 91 by the operation unit 92, supplies hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 42 to press the clamp member 41 against the rail 12, and discharges the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic cylinder 42. The clamp member 41 and the rail 12 are separated from each other. Further, the electromagnetic switching valve 84 receives an operation signal from the control unit 91 by the operation unit 92, supplies hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 54, and the wheels 53 are arranged at the moving position, and the hydraulic oil is supplied from the hydraulic cylinder 54. The wheel 53 is discharged and switched to a state in which the wheel 53 is arranged at a remote position. In the state where the supply of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic source 81 is stopped, the hydraulic cylinder 42 releases the pressing of the clamp member 41 on the rail 12, and the hydraulic cylinder 54 separates the wheel 53 from the rail 12. Move to.

Next, in a material testing machine having the above configuration, an operation when a load-bearing test as a material test is executed by applying a test force to a specimen 100 constituting an automobile part will be described. ..

When performing the material test, first, as shown by the virtual line in FIG. 2, the specimen 100 is placed on the loading platform 10 with the loading platform 10 in the preparation position. Then, the specimen 100 is fixed to the loading platform 10 by a fixing means (not shown). Tap holes are formed at a predetermined pitch on the upper surface of the loading platform 10. The specimen 100 is fixed on the loading platform 10 by using these tap holes, fixing metal fittings, and the like.

Next, the loading platform 10 is moved to a test position for performing a material test. That is, the loading platform 10 is moved so that the specimen 100 on the loading platform 10 is arranged at a position where the material test should be performed in the longitudinal direction of the rail 12. At this time, the operator operates the operation unit 92 shown in FIG. 7 to switch the electromagnetic switching valve 84 to supply high-pressure hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 54 in the wheel elevating mechanism 50 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. As a result, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the wheel 53 comes into contact with the rail 12, and the loading platform 10 is separated from the base 11 and can be moved by the wheel 53. In this state, the operator moves the loading platform 10 together with the specimen 100 to the test position.

When the loading platform 10 moves to the test position, the operator operates the operation unit 92 shown in FIG. 7 to switch the electromagnetic switching valve 84, so that the hydraulic oil is discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 54 in the wheel elevating mechanism 50. As a result, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 6, the wheel 53 is separated from the rail 12, and the loading platform 10 comes into contact with the base 11 due to the weight of the loading platform 10.

Then, the operator operates the operation unit 92 shown in FIG. 7 to switch the electromagnetic switching valve 83, thereby supplying high-pressure hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 42 in the braking mechanism 40. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the loading platform 10 rises together with the clamp member 41, and the upper surface of the substantially L-shaped region of the clamp member 41 comes into contact with the lower surface of the rail 12, and the clamp member 41 comes into contact with the rail 12. Pressed and the movement of the clamp member 41 and the loading platform 10 connected thereto is fixed at that position.

Next, the test force applying mechanism 20 is moved along the crosshead 14, and the test force applying mechanism 20 is arranged at a position where the material test should be performed. Then, the crosshead 14 is moved up and down to bring the test force applying portion 21 of the test force applying mechanism 20 into contact with the specimen 100. In this state, the test force is applied to the specimen 100 by moving the test force applying portion 21 in the test force applying direction by the hydraulic cylinder 22 in the test force applying mechanism 20, and the material test is executed.

When the test force applying mechanism 20 is in the posture indicated by reference numeral 20a in FIG. 2 and a test force facing the vertical direction is applied to the specimen 100, the loading platform 10 is moved in the horizontal direction. There is no force to try. However, when an eccentric load is applied to the test force applying mechanism 20 due to deformation of the specimen 100 or the like, or when the test force applying mechanism 20 is in the posture shown by reference numeral 20c in FIG. When a suitable test force is applied, a force for moving the loading platform 10 in the horizontal direction is generated. Further, when a test force facing the horizontal direction is applied to the specimen 100 in a state where the test force applying mechanism 20 is in the posture indicated by the reference numeral 20d or 20e in FIG. 2, the loading platform 10 is placed in the horizontal direction. An even greater force is generated to move it. However, in the material testing machine according to this embodiment, since the loading platform 10 is fixed to the rail 12 by the six braking mechanisms 40, a force for moving the loading platform 10 in the horizontal direction is generated. Even in this case, it is possible to reliably prevent the loading platform 10 from moving.

When the material test is completed, the operator operates the operation unit 92 shown in FIG. 7 to switch the electromagnetic switching valve 83, so that the hydraulic oil is discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 42 in the braking mechanism 40. As a result, the loading platform 10 can be moved. Then, the operator operates the operation unit 92 shown in FIG. 7 to switch the electromagnetic switching valve 84 to supply the high-pressure hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder 54 in the wheel elevating mechanism 50. As a result, the wheel 53 comes into contact with the rail 12 and raises the loading platform 10, and the loading platform 10 is separated from the base 11 and can be moved by the wheel 53. In this state, the operator moves the loading platform 10 to the preparation position.

When the clamp member 41 is separated from the rail 12 and the wheel 53 is moving on the loading platform 10 in a state of being in contact with the rail 12, an emergency stop button (not shown) is pressed, or the like, from the hydraulic source 81. When the supply of hydraulic oil is stopped, the hydraulic cylinder 54 moves the wheel 53 to a separated position separated from the rail 12. As a result, the loading platform 10 comes into contact with the base 11 due to its own weight, and its movement is quickly stopped. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a collision between the loading platform 10 and the specimen 100 and the operator or the like.

In the above-described embodiment, a case where a load-bearing test, which is a kind of compression test, is performed by applying a compression test force to the specimen 100 on the loading platform 10 has been described, but tension is applied to the specimen 100. The present invention may be applied to a material testing machine that applies a test force to perform a tensile test.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-described exemplary embodiments are specific examples of the following embodiments.

(Section 1)
The base, a plurality of support rods erected on the base, a crosshead that can be raised and lowered along the support rods, a test force applying portion, and the test force applying portion are moved in the test force applying direction. It is provided with an actuator, a test force applying mechanism arranged on the crosshead, and a loading platform that can reciprocate along a guide member arranged on the base, and is fixed on the loading platform described above. It is a material testing machine that applies a test force to the specimen by the test force applying mechanism, and receives a signal from the operation unit to guide the previously described loading platform at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the guide member. A material testing machine equipped with a braking mechanism that fixes to a member.

According to the material testing machine described in paragraph 1, by fixing the loading platform at an arbitrary position in the reciprocating movement direction, the loading platform can be fixed at an arbitrary position with respect to the specimen and, if necessary, from an arbitrary direction. It becomes possible to carry out a material test by applying a test force.

(Section 2)
In the material testing machine according to the first item, the braking mechanism pushes the clamp member arranged on the previously described loading platform toward the guiding member by driving the first fluid cylinder, thereby pressing the previously described loading platform toward the guide member. A material testing machine that is fixed to the guide member.

According to the material testing machine described in the second item, the loading platform can be fixed at an arbitrary position in the reciprocating movement direction by driving the first fluid cylinder.

(Section 3)
In the material testing machine according to the second item, the moving position in which the wheel and the wheel are moved by the wheel in response to a signal from the wheel and the operation unit, and the wheel is moved by the wheel apart from the base. A material testing machine further comprising a wheel elevating mechanism comprising a second fluid cylinder that comes into contact with the base and moves the wheels to and from a separation position that separates them from the guide member.

According to the material testing machine according to the third item, the loading platform can be suitably moved along the guide member by the wheels. Further, during the material test, it is possible to prevent stress from being applied to the wheels by separating the wheels.

(Section 4)
In the material testing machine according to the third item, the first fluid cylinder releases the pressing of the clamp member on the guide member when the supply of hydraulic oil is stopped, and the second fluid cylinder operates. A material testing machine that moves the wheels to the retracted position when the oil supply is stopped.

According to the material testing machine according to the fourth item, when the supply of the hydraulic oil is stopped, the movement of the loading platform can be stopped, and the safety can be enhanced.

(Section 5)
In the material testing machine according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 4, the test force applying mechanism can swing about an axis oriented in the horizontal direction, and is vertically and vertically with respect to the specimen. A material testing machine that applies test force in a direction that intersects the direction.

According to the material testing machine described in paragraph 5, it is possible to carry out a material test in which a test force is applied to a specimen from a vertical direction and a direction intersecting the vertical direction.

(Section 6)
In the material testing machine according to item 5, the test force applying mechanism can swing in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction, and a material that further applies a test force to the specimen in the horizontal direction. testing machine.

According to the material testing machine described in paragraph 6, it is possible to perform a material test in which a test force is applied to a specimen from a horizontal direction.

(Section 7)
In the material testing machine according to any one of items 1 to 6, the test force applying mechanism is capable of moving along the crosshead in a horizontal direction intersecting the reciprocating moving direction of the loading platform described above. Machine.

According to the material testing machine described in paragraph 7, it is possible to apply a test force to the specimen at an arbitrary position intersecting the reciprocating movement direction of the loading platform to perform the material test.

It should be noted that the above description is for the purpose of explaining the embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention.

11 Base 12 Rail 13 Support rod 14 Crosshead 15 Hydraulic cylinder 16 Clamp mechanism 17 Motor 18 Feed mechanism 20 Test force application mechanism 21 Test force application part 22 Hydraulic cylinder 40 Braking mechanism 41 Clamp member 42 Hydraulic cylinder 50 Wheel lifting mechanism 51 Support shaft 52 Swing member 53 Wheel 54 Hydraulic cylinder 81 Hydraulic source 82 Tank 83 Electromagnetic switching valve 84 Electromagnetic switching valve 91 Control unit 92 Operation unit

Claims (7)

With the base
With a plurality of support rods erected on the base,
A crosshead that can be raised and lowered along the support rod,
A test force applying mechanism having a test force applying unit and an actuator for moving the test force applying unit in the test force applying direction, and a test force applying mechanism arranged on the crosshead.
A loading platform that can be reciprocated along a guide member arranged on the base is provided.
A material testing machine that applies test force to a specimen fixed on the loading platform described above by the test force applying mechanism.
A material testing machine provided with a braking mechanism that receives a signal from an operation unit and fixes the above-mentioned loading platform to the guide member at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the guide member. In the material testing machine according to claim 1,
The braking mechanism is a material testing machine that fixes the previously described loading platform to the guiding member by pressing the clamp member arranged on the previously described loading platform toward the guide member by driving the first fluid cylinder. In the material testing machine according to claim 2,
With wheels
Upon receiving a signal from the operation unit, the wheel is separated from the base by the moving position where the wheel is moved by the wheel, and the wheel is separated from the guide member while the wheel is in contact with the base. The second fluid cylinder to be moved to and from the remote position,
A material testing machine further equipped with a wheel elevating mechanism. In the material testing machine according to claim 3,
The first fluid cylinder releases the pressing of the clamp member on the guide member when the supply of hydraulic oil is stopped.
The second fluid cylinder is a material testing machine that moves the wheels to the retracted position when the supply of hydraulic oil is stopped. In the material testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The test force applying mechanism can swing around an axis facing in the horizontal direction.
A material testing machine that applies test force to the specimen in the vertical direction and in the direction intersecting the vertical direction. In the material testing machine according to claim 5,
The test force applying mechanism can swing in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction.
A material testing machine that further applies a testing force to the specimen in the horizontal direction. In the material testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
The test force applying mechanism is a material testing machine capable of moving along the crosshead in a horizontal direction intersecting the reciprocating moving direction of the loading platform described above.

Images