JP2021096592A - Nc data generation device and nc data generation program - Google Patents

Abstract

To generate NC data with a short processing time.SOLUTION: An NC data generation device 100 generates NC data for manufacturing a product 220 from a processing object 200 using a machining tool 210, and comprises: a tool information acquisition unit 110 which acquires tool information for the machining tool 210 which roughly processes the processing object 200 by an end face in a rotation shaft direction; a region acquisition unit 120 which acquires a rough processing region 201 on the basis of object information indicating a shape of the processing object 200 and product information indicating a shape of the product 220; and a rough processing information generation unit 130 which generates processing information indicating a path of the machining tool 210 which repeats, by a plurality of times, a unit step of: advancing the machining tool 210 in the rotation shaft direction, removing a part of the rough processing region 201 to a depth corresponding to the rough processing region 201, retreating the machining tool 210, extracting the machining tool 210 out of the rough processing region 201, and moving the machining tool 210 on the basis of the tool information in a direction crossing the rotation shaft.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to an NC data generator that generates NC data used for machining an object to be machined by a machining device, and an NC data generation program.

When processing a processing target into a desired product shape using an NC (numerical control) processing device, CAD data indicating the three-dimensional shape of the processing target before processing using CAD (computer-aided design) or the like and the product shape By creating CAD data and giving these data to CAM (computer-aided manufacturing), NC data indicating processing work and the like is created. In order to apply NC data to actual machining, there are errors in the characteristics of the machining equipment and the shape of the machining target, so perform simulations and trial machining and repeat trial and error to optimize machining work. There is.

For example, in Patent Document 1, a simulation is performed based on the data showing the shape of the machining target and the NC data generated earlier, and the amount of the machining tool biting into the machining target is detected so that a large load is not generated on the machining tool. Describes a technique for optimizing NC data by automatically correcting the position of a machining tool.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-266000

In optimizing NC data, shortening the machining time is also one of the important parameters. As a method of shortening the machining time, there are a method of increasing the feed rate of the tool and a method of reducing the air cut by modifying the tool path. However, the present inventor focused on the machining time of rough machining. ..

The present invention has been made based on the knowledge of the inventor, and an object of the present invention is to provide an NC data generator and an NC data generation program capable of shortening the machining time.

In order to achieve the above object, the NC data generator, which is one of the present inventions, is an NC data generator that generates NC data for manufacturing a product from a machining object using a machining tool, and is a rotating shaft. In the tool information acquisition unit that acquires tool information related to machining tools that roughen the machining target by the end face in the direction, the target information that indicates the shape of the machining target, and the area that is removed by rough machining based on the product information that indicates the shape of the product. The area acquisition unit for acquiring a certain roughing area and the machining tool are advanced in the direction of the rotation axis to remove a part of the roughing area to a depth corresponding to the roughing area, and the machining tool is retracted to the roughening. Rough machining information is created by extracting the machining tool from the machining area and repeating a unit process of moving the machining tool a plurality of times in a direction intersecting the rotation axis based on the tool information to create machining information indicating the path of the machining tool. It has a part and.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the NC data generation program, which is one of the present inventions, is an NC data generation program for generating NC data for manufacturing a product from a machining target using a machining tool, and is a rotation. A tool information acquisition unit that acquires tool information related to a machining tool that roughens a machining target with an axial end face, a target information that indicates the shape of the machining target, and an area that is removed by rough machining based on product information that indicates the shape of the product. The area acquisition unit for acquiring the roughing area and the machining tool are advanced in the direction of the rotation axis to remove a part of the roughing area to a depth corresponding to the roughing area, and the machining tool is retracted to the depth corresponding to the roughing area. Roughing information for extracting the machining tool out of the rough machining area and repeating a unit process of moving the machining tool a plurality of times in a direction intersecting the rotation axis based on the tool information to create machining information indicating the path of the machining tool. Make the computer work with the creator.

According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the feed amount of the machining tool while suppressing the load on the machining tool in rough machining, and it is possible to shorten the rough machining time.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a processing target and a processed product side by side. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an NC data generation device realized by an NC data generation program. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an initial stage in the unit process. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an advanced state in the unit process. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the machining tool in the unit process is extracted from the rough machining region. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the machining tool is moved in the lateral direction in the unit process. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a plurality of unit processes side by side. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a pattern 1 of the advance position of the machining tool on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of processing information when the product has a curved surface. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing pattern 2 of the advance position of the machining tool on the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a pattern 3 of the advance position of the machining tool on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.

Hereinafter, an NC data generator and an embodiment of an NC data generation program according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The numerical values, shapes, materials, components, positional relationships of the components, connection states, steps, the order of steps, etc. shown in the following embodiments are examples, and the inventions according to the claims are limited. Not the point. Hereinafter, a plurality of inventions may be described as one embodiment, but components not described in the claims are described as arbitrary components with respect to the claimed invention. .. In addition, the drawings are schematic views in which emphasis, omission, and ratio are adjusted as appropriate to explain the present invention, and may differ from the actual shape, positional relationship, and ratio.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a processing target and a processed product side by side. The processing target 200 is a material that is processed by a processing tool 210 to become a product 220 having a predetermined shape. The shape of the processing target 200 is not particularly limited, but in the case of the present embodiment, it will be described as a cube as shown in the upper part of FIG. For the sake of explanation, the processing target 200 and the product 220 are described in a stepped shape composed of simple straight lines, but for example, the product 220 and the like have a complicated shape having a smooth curve. It doesn't matter.

The machining tool 210 is a tool for roughing the machining target 200 by rotation, and machining the machining target 200 at one end surface of the rotating shaft. The machining tool 210 moves relative to the machining target 200 in the direction of the rotation axis, and machining the machining target 200 by abutting the rotating one end surface portion against the machining target 200.

In the case of the present embodiment, as the machining tool 210, it is assumed that a so-called flat drill having a blade rotating in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis at one end and having no machining ability on the peripheral surface is used. Further, as the machining tool 210, a machining process in which a first machining tool 211 and a second machining tool 212 having a diameter smaller than that of the first machining tool 211 are sequentially used is adopted.

The machining tool 210 may be machined not only on one end surface of the rotating shaft but also on the peripheral surface. As the machining tool 210, not only a flat drill but also a drill with a sharp tip, a square end mill (ordinary blade), a ball end mill, or the like may be used. Further, not only cutting tools but also grinding tools, polishing tools and the like can be used.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an NC data generation device realized by an NC data generation program. The NC data generation device 100 indicates the value of the coordinate position such as XYZ in which the machining tool 210 moves in the machining device based on the shape of the machining target 200 and the shape of the product 220, the feed rate (feed amount) of the machining tool 210, and the like. It is a device that generates NC data which is numerical data. The NC data generation device 100 is realized by executing an NC data generation program on a computer. The NC data generation device 100 includes a tool information acquisition unit 110, an area acquisition unit 120, and a roughing information creation unit 130. In the case of this embodiment, the NC data generation device 100 includes a finishing information creation unit 140.

The tool information acquisition unit 110 acquires tool information related to a machining tool for roughing the machining target 200 by the end face in the rotation axis direction. The tool information includes at least information indicating the diameter of the machining tool 210. The tool information may include information indicating the machinable depth of the machining tool 210, information indicating the shape of the tip portion contributing to machining, and the like. In the case of the present embodiment, the tool information acquisition unit 110 acquires tool information from an input unit 101 or the like which is a man-machine interface such as a keyboard or a touch panel.

In the case of this embodiment, the tool information acquisition unit 110 acquires the tool information of the first machining tool 211 and the tool information of the second machining tool 212. The tool information acquisition unit 110 may acquire a plurality of types of tool information in advance, and acquire the machining tool 210 used for rough machining from among them by the operator's selection. The tool information acquisition unit 110 may select the optimum machining tool 210 from a plurality of tool information.

The area acquisition unit 120 is a processing unit that acquires a rough processing area 201 (see FIG. 3), which is an area to be removed by rough processing based on the target information indicating the shape of the processing target 200 and the product information indicating the shape of the product 220. is there. In the case of the present embodiment, the area acquisition unit 120 includes a shape acquisition unit 121 and an area creation unit 122.

The shape acquisition unit 121 is a processing unit that acquires target information and product information from a CAD (Computer Aided Design) system or the like, which is an external device 300.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the area creating unit 122 is a processing unit that creates a roughing area 201 from the acquired target information and product information. In the case of the present embodiment, the area acquisition unit 120 creates the roughing area 201 by itself, but acquires the roughing area 201 from an external device 300 or the like capable of creating the roughing area 201. It doesn't matter. Further, the area creation unit 122 may acquire the tool information from the tool information acquisition unit 110 and exclude the area where the machining tool 210 cannot reach due to the overhanging portion of the product 220 from the rough machining area 201. Further, when the area where the machining tool 210 cannot reach can reach the machining tool 210 by changing the relative posture of the machining target 200 with respect to the machining tool 210, the rough including information indicating the posture of the machining target 200 is included. The processing area 201 may be generated.

The roughing information creation unit 130 creates the following machining information. First, as shown in FIG. 3, information is created in which the machining tool 210 is advanced toward the machining target 200 in the direction of the rotation shaft 213. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, information for removing a part of the roughing region 201 to a depth corresponding to the roughing region 201 is created. The depth corresponding to the roughing region 201 is a depth in consideration of finishing, and a depth in which none of the parts of the machining tool 210 reaches the product 220 in consideration of the tip shape of the machining tool 210. Is. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the machining tool 210 is retracted along the rotation shaft 213 to create information for extracting the machining tool 210 out of the rough machining region 201. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, information for moving the machining tool 210 is created based on the tool information in a direction intersecting the rotation axis 213 (Y-axis direction in the drawing, etc.). The roughing information creation unit 130 creates machining information indicating the path of the machining tool 210 that removes the roughing region 201 by repeating the unit process 214 including the advancement, retreat, and lateral movement a plurality of times.

In the case of this embodiment, the first machining information is created based on the tool information of the first machining tool 211. Then, the second machining tool 212 is advanced in the rotation axis direction to the remaining rough machining region 201 after virtually removing the rough machining region 201 based on the first machining information, and the remaining rough machining region 201 is formed. The second machining tool 212 is retracted to the depth corresponding to the rough machining region 201, the second machining tool 212 is pulled out from the rough machining region 201, and the second machining tool is in the direction intersecting the rotation axis. The rough machining information creation unit 130 creates the second machining information by repeating the second unit process of moving the 212 a plurality of times. In this way, by using the machining tools 210 with different diameters and creating machining information for machining in order from the machining tool 210 with the larger diameter, the rough machining region 201 is removed at high speed by the machining tool 210 with the larger diameter, and then the comparison is made. By removing the remaining region at a relatively slow speed using a machining tool 210 having a small target diameter, the region for finishing machining can be reduced, and the machining time can be shortened as a whole.

When the roughing information creation unit 130 creates machining information, the movement amount R of the machining tool 210 in the direction intersecting the rotation axis is 50% of the diameter of the machining tool 210 acquired from the tool information, as shown in FIG. As mentioned above, it is preferable to set in the range of 80% or less. It should be noted that the shape of the product 220 does not deny the existence of a unit process that moves with a movement amount R of less than 50% of the diameter of the machining tool 210. According to this, it is possible to increase the volume of the region to be removed in one unit process while suppressing the generation of the columnar residual portion extending in the rotation axis direction, and efficiently remove the roughing region 201. It becomes possible.

Further, the direction in which the machining tool 210 intersects the rotating axis to which the machining tool 210 moves is a direction in which the machining tool 210 can be moved by only one of a plurality of motors corresponding to the linear machining axis of the machining apparatus to which the machining information is applied. Is preferable.

The linear machining axis is an axis different from the rotary axis and the tilt axis, and is an axis capable of linearly moving the machining tool 210 by one of a plurality of motors included in the machining apparatus. In the case of the present embodiment, the processing apparatus includes linear processing axes in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the roughing information creation unit 130 creates a unit process so as to move the machining tool 210 along the X-axis or the Y-axis.

Further, the position where the machining tool 210 is extracted, that is, the highest position where the machining tool 210 is located in the unit process (on the Z axis in the drawing) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the machining tool 210 and the machining target 200 is as shown in FIG. The position is opposite to the processing target 200 with respect to the surface 203 (the contact surface of the processing target 200) that comes into contact with the surface 203 without intersecting with the processing target 200, and the plurality of the unit processes are set at the same position. As a result, the amount of processing when creating machining information can be suppressed, and NC data can be efficiently created.

The finishing information creating unit 140 acquires tool information of a finishing tool such as an end mill from the tool information acquiring unit 110, virtually removes the roughing region 201 based on the machining information, and refers to the remaining region. Create finishing information that shows the trajectory of the end mill to be finished. Finishing information may be generated based on conventional scanning line processing, contour line processing, or the like. Since the finishing information is created for the remaining region from which the roughing region 201 has been removed, the region removed by the end mill is small. Therefore, the finishing step of removing the region can be shortened relatively slowly, and the processing step can be shortened as a whole.

By executing the above NC data generation program on the NC data generation device 100, machining information for rough machining by moving the machining tool 210 in the direction of the rotation axis is generated. As a result, rough machining can be performed at high speed while suppressing the load on the machining tool 210, and the overall machining time can be shortened based on NC data.

In addition, high-efficiency rough machining can be performed even with low-spec machining equipment such as machining equipment with low rigidity, machining equipment with a small maximum feed rate, and equipment with a small maximum tool rotation speed, improving the production efficiency of product 220. Can be made to.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, another embodiment realized by arbitrarily combining the components described in the present specification and excluding some of the components may be an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention also includes modifications obtained by making various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the gist of the present invention, that is, the meaning indicated by the wording described in the claims. Is done.

For example, in the above embodiment, the flat drill has been illustrated as the roughing machining tool 210, but a square end mill or the like may be used as the roughing machining tool 210.

Further, when the product 220 has a curved surface as shown in FIG. 9, the roughing information creating unit 130 derives to what position the machining tool 210 is projected based on the tip shape of the machining tool 210.

Further, the pattern of the advance position of the machining tool 210 on the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis is not limited to the rectangular grid pattern as shown in FIG. 8, and the rough machining region 201 is the columnar portion along the rotation axis. Any pattern can be adopted as long as the pattern can suppress the residual. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a staggered arrangement pattern may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, an arrangement pattern or the like that forms an equilateral triangle when the rotation axes of adjacent unit processes are connected on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis may be used. In the roughing region 201 that comes into contact with the product 220, the columnar portion remains.

The present invention can be used to generate NC data provided to NC processing equipment.

100 Data generator 101 Input unit 110 Tool information acquisition unit 120 Area acquisition unit 121 Shape acquisition unit 122 Area creation unit 130 Roughing information creation unit 140 Information creation unit 200 Machining target 201 Roughing area 203 Surface 210 Machining tool 211 First machining Tool 212 Second machining tool 213 Rotating shaft 214 Unit process 220 Product 300 External equipment

Claims (6)

It is an NC data generator that generates NC data for manufacturing products from machining objects using machining tools.
A tool information acquisition unit that acquires tool information related to machining tools that roughen the machining target by the end face in the direction of the rotation axis.
An area acquisition unit that acquires the roughing area, which is the area to be removed by roughing based on the target information indicating the shape of the processing target and the product information indicating the shape of the product.
The machining tool is advanced in the direction of the rotation axis, a part of the rough machining region is removed to a depth corresponding to the rough machining region, the machining tool is retracted, the machining tool is pulled out of the rough machining region, and the rotary shaft is rotated. A rough machining information creation unit that creates machining information indicating the path of the machining tool, which repeats a unit process of moving the machining tool a plurality of times in a direction intersecting with the tool information.
NC data generator including. When a first machining tool and a second machining tool having a diameter smaller than that of the first machining tool are used for rough machining as the machining tool,
The roughing processing information creation unit uses the processing information
The first machining tool is advanced in the direction of the rotation axis to remove a part of the rough machining region to a depth corresponding to the rough machining region, and the first machining tool is retracted to move the machining tool out of the rough machining region. The first machining information is created by repeating the first unit process of moving the machining tool a plurality of times in the direction of extraction and intersection with the rotation axis, and the second machining tool is advanced in the direction of the rotation axis and remains. A part of the roughing region is removed to a depth corresponding to the roughing region, the second machining tool is retracted, the second machining tool is pulled out of the roughing region, and in a direction intersecting the rotation axis. The NC data generator according to claim 1, wherein the second machining information is created by repeating the second unit process of moving the second machining tool a plurality of times. The NC data generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of movement of the machining tool in a direction intersecting the rotation axis is set within a range of 50% or more and 80% or less of the diameter of the machining tool. The direction in which the machining tool intersects the rotating axis to which the machining tool moves is a direction in which the machining tool can be moved by only one of a plurality of motors corresponding to the linear machining axis of the machining apparatus to which the machining information is applied. The NC data generator according to any one of Items 1 to 3. The roughing information creation unit
The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the position for extracting the machining tool is set at a position perpendicular to the rotation axis and opposite to the surface of the machining target that comes into contact with the machining target without intersecting the machining target. NC data generator. It is an NC data generation program that generates NC data for manufacturing products from machining objects using machining tools.
A tool information acquisition unit that acquires tool information related to machining tools that roughen the machining target by the end face in the direction of the rotation axis.
An area acquisition unit that acquires the roughing area, which is the area to be removed by roughing based on the target information indicating the shape of the processing target and the product information indicating the shape of the product.
The machining tool is advanced in the direction of the rotation axis, a part of the rough machining region is removed to a depth corresponding to the rough machining region, the machining tool is retracted, the machining tool is pulled out of the rough machining region, and the rotary shaft is rotated. A rough machining information creation unit that creates machining information indicating the path of the machining tool, which repeats a unit process of moving the machining tool a plurality of times in a direction intersecting with the tool information.
NC data generation program to make a computer function.

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