JP2021096084A - Measurement instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

To acquire information related to a thermal environment by an easily portable instrument, and also to improve accuracy in calculating an index related to a thermal environment.SOLUTION: A measurement instrument 10 includes: a black ball temperature indicator 12; a heating black ball temperature indicator 14 having a heat source; a white ball temperature indicator 16 having a ball with radiation characteristics different from those of a ball of the black ball temperature indicator 12 and a ball of the heating black ball temperature indicator 14; and a long-wave radiometer 18.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The technique of the present invention relates to a measuring device.

Conventionally, there are known environmental measuring devices capable of measuring various outdoor environmental elements without a time lag (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This environmental measurement device includes an area measurement vehicle equipped with a measuring means for measuring a predetermined environmental element in a relatively wide area, and a spot environment which is configured to be loadable on the area measurement vehicle and has a relatively narrow range. It is composed of a spot measurement vehicle equipped with a measuring means for measuring an element.

Further, there is known an environmental measurement system capable of easily grasping various environmental elements in a predetermined area at high density (see, for example, Patent Document 2). This environmental measurement system includes a plurality of vehicles moving on the road for purposes other than measurement of environmental elements, measurement means provided in the vehicles for measuring environmental elements, and position / time acquisition means for acquiring position data and time data. It has a data transmission means, a power supply means, and a server means provided at a place away from the vehicle and recording measurement data, position data, and time data in association with each other. Then, in this environmental measurement system, while the vehicle B is moving along the road R for a purpose other than the measurement of the environmental element, the measuring means measures the environmental element, and the server means measures the measurement data, the position data, and the time. Collect environmental elements within the area by associating and recording data.

Further, a thermal environment index measuring instrument for measuring a thermal environment index is known (see, for example, Patent Document 3). This thermal environment index measuring instrument is equipped with a sphere surface-treated with white, black, and chrome plating, and a temperature sensor, and calculates the environment index from the air temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, and ambient average radiation temperature.

Further, there is known a ground heat balance calculation device that improves the prediction accuracy of road surface temperature prediction or road surface freezing prediction by accurately evaluating the net radiation amount of the ground (see, for example, Patent Document 4). This ground heat balance calculation device is mounted on an observation vehicle and predicts road surface temperature or road surface freezing from a thermometer and a radiation thermometer.

Further, a wearable measurement system for acquiring information on a thermal environment is known (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 to 5). For example, for the wearable measurement system of Non-Patent Document 1, refer to the portion of “1. Globe wind speed / radiation sensor” of Non-Patent Document 1 for obtaining short wave radiation, long wave radiation, and wind speed. ), A temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor, and the index related to the thermal environment is calculated based on the information detected by each of these sensors.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-227453 JP-A-2018-17586 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-173989 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-162447

Nobuto Nakayoshi, "Lagrangian Human Meteorology", Journal of Hydrology and Water Resources Society J. Japan Soc. Hydrol. And Water Resour. Vol. 29, No.4, Jul. 2016 pp. 238 --250 Ishiba, Nobuto Nakayoshi, Manabu Kanda, Kenji Miyamoto, "Thermal Physiology Experiment along the Flow Line of Subjects in Tajimi Block", JSCE Proceedings B1 (Water Engineering) Vol.69, No.4, I_1783-I_1788, 2013 .. Nobuhito Nakayoshi, Manabu Kanda, "Essay on Lagrangian Human Meteorology", Dissertation on Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 53, February 2009 Nobuhito Nakayoshi, Ishiba, Manabu Kanda, "Development of Radiant Wind Speed Sensor Using Small Globe Thermometer with 3 Balls", JSCE Water Engineering Dissertation, Vol. 55, pp. 349-354, 2011 Nobuhito Nakayoshi, Ishiba, Manabu Kanda, "Development of Wind Speed, Short Wave / Long Wave Radiation Sensors Using Three Small Globe Balls-Second Report-", Hydrology and Water Resources Society 2011 Research Presentation, 2011

The wearable measurement system described in Non-Patent Documents 1 to 5 is configured to be portable by a person. However, this wearable measurement system is equipped with a temperature sensor, which is a forced ventilation tube equipped with a fan motor (hereinafter referred to as a ventilation device) for excluding the influence of radiation from the surroundings and for ventilating air to the sensor. If it is not installed inside, the temperature cannot be measured accurately.

Therefore, when a person carries the wearable measurement system of Non-Patent Documents 1 to 5, it is necessary to carry the forced ventilator and the battery required for the ventilation device, and their size and weight interfere with the carrying. It was. Therefore, there is a problem that the conventional wearable measurement system cannot be easily carried. In addition, the measurement accuracy of long wave radiation is inferior to the measurement accuracy of short wave radiation and wind speed, which leads to a decrease in accuracy in calculating an index related to the thermal environment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to acquire information on a thermal environment by a device that can be easily carried and to improve the calculation accuracy thereof.

The first aspect of the present disclosure includes a first black sphere thermometer, a second black sphere thermometer provided with a heat source, a sphere of a first black sphere thermometer, and a sphere of a second black sphere thermometer. Is a measuring device for measuring information about a thermal environment, which comprises a sphere thermometer having spheres having different radiation characteristics and a long wave radiant meter.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain information on the thermal environment by a device that can be easily carried, and it is possible to obtain the effect that the calculation accuracy of the index related to the thermal environment is improved.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the measuring device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the hardware configuration of the arithmetic unit which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a functional block diagram of the measuring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. This is an example of an information processing routine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the use form of the measuring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, an example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are given to the same or equivalent components and parts in each drawing. In addition, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation and may differ from the actual ratios.

(Configuration of measuring equipment)

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the measuring device 10 of the present embodiment is an example of a black ball thermometer 12 which is an example of a first black ball thermometer and a second black ball thermometer provided with a heat source. A white sphere thermometer 16 which is an example of a sphere thermometer having a heated black sphere thermometer 14, a black sphere of the black sphere thermometer 12, and a white sphere having different radiation characteristics from the black sphere of the heated black sphere thermometer 14. It has a long-wave radiant meter 18 for measuring a long-wave radiant amount and a computing device 20. The measuring device 10 is provided with a hygrometer (not shown in FIG. 1) for measuring humidity. The arithmetic unit 20 is electrically connected to a black globe thermometer 12, a heated black globe thermometer 14, a white bulb thermometer 16, a long wave radiometer 18, and a hygrometer 19.

The black globe thermometer 12 has the same configuration as the “black globe temperature sensor” shown in Non-Patent Document 1. Further, the white ball thermometer 16 has the same configuration as the "white globe temperature sensor" shown in Non-Patent Document 1.

The heated black globe thermometer 14 of the present embodiment has a configuration different from that of the “heated black globe temperature sensor” shown in Non-Patent Document 1.

In the "heated black globe temperature sensor" shown in Non-Patent Document 1, a heat source is arranged on the upper surface of the sphere, and four temperature sensors are further arranged on the surface of the sphere. It is costly to realize such a configuration. Specifically, in order to realize a "heated black glove temperature sensor", there is a problem that it is difficult to process a black sphere, further miniaturization, and mass production are difficult.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, a groove is provided in the black globe of the heating black globe thermometer 14, and a heating wire is wound around the groove. The process of providing a groove on the black globe is easier than the process of arranging the heat source on the upper surface of the black globe and the process of arranging the temperature sensor on the surface of the black globe. Further miniaturization and mass production of 14 black balls will be possible.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the heating black globe thermometer 14 of the present embodiment includes a heating wire 14A as a heat source. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, a heating wire 14A is wound around the black globe of the heating black globe thermometer 14. Further, a groove is formed in the black ball of the heating black ball thermometer 14, so that the heating wire 14A can be easily wound around the black ball.

Further, the heating wire 14A wound around the black ball of the heating black globe thermometer 14 is a heating wire having a resistance temperature coefficient smaller than a predetermined threshold value. As the heating wire 14A, for example, a carmalloy (registered trademark) wire which is a heating wire in which a part of Ni contained in the nickel-chromium heating wire is replaced with Al and other additive elements is used. Since the Carmalloy (registered trademark) wire has an appropriate strength, it can be easily wound around the heated black globe thermometer 14.

The heated black globe thermometer 14 is not limited to the above specifications. If a spherical and current supply type temperature sensor (for example, a thermistor or platinum temperature sensor) is used, the heated black sphere thermometer 14 can be created by adjusting the supply current and self-heating the sensor.

The long wave radiometer 18 measures the long wave radiation amount L. As shown in FIG. 1, the long wave radiometer 18 includes three or more measurement surfaces for measuring the long wave radiation amount L.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the arithmetic unit 20 of the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the arithmetic unit 20 of the embodiment includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 21, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 22, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 23, a storage 24, an input unit 25, and a display unit 26. And has a communication interface (I / F) 27. Each configuration is communicably connected to each other via a bus 29.

The CPU 21 is a central arithmetic processing unit that executes various programs and controls each unit. That is, the CPU 21 reads the program from the ROM 22 or the storage 24, and executes the program using the RAM 23 as a work area. The CPU 21 controls each of the above configurations and performs various arithmetic processes according to the program stored in the ROM 22 or the storage 24. In the present embodiment, the ROM 22 or the storage 24 stores various programs for processing the information input from the input device.

The ROM 22 stores various programs and various data. The RAM 23 temporarily stores a program or data as a work area. The storage 24 is composed of an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), or the like, and stores various programs including an operating system and various data.

The input unit 25 includes a pointing device such as a mouse and a keyboard, and is used for performing various inputs.

The display unit 26 is, for example, a liquid crystal display and displays various types of information. The display unit 26 may adopt a touch panel method and function as an input unit 25.

The communication I / F17 is an interface for communicating with other devices such as an input device, and standards such as Ethernet (registered trademark), FDDI, and Wi-Fi (registered trademark) are used.

Next, the functional configuration of the arithmetic unit 20 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the arithmetic unit 20 functionally includes an information acquisition unit 30, an information storage unit 32, and an arithmetic unit 34.

The information acquisition unit 30 includes the temperature of the black globe measured by the black globe thermometer 12, the temperature of the heated black globe measured by the heated black globe thermometer 14, and the temperature of the white globe measured by the white bulb thermometer 16. , The infrared radiation amount measured by the long wave thermometer 18 and the humidity measured by the hygrometer 19 are sequentially acquired. Then, the information acquisition unit 30 sequentially stores each acquired information in the information storage unit 32.

The information storage unit 32 stores information measured at each time by various sensors.

The calculation unit 34 includes the temperature of the black sphere measured by the black sphere thermometer 12, the temperature of the heated black sphere measured by the heated black sphere thermometer 14, and the temperature of the white sphere measured by the white sphere thermometer 16. The short wave radiation amount S, the wind speed U, and the temperature Ta are calculated based on the long wave radiation amount L measured by the long wave radiation meter 18. The long wave radiation amount L, the short wave radiation amount S, the wind speed U, and the air temperature Ta are examples of information on the thermal environment.

The following table shows the difference between the method for acquiring information on the thermal environment according to the present embodiment and the method for acquiring information on the thermal environment according to the prior art of Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4. In the table below, "B" represents a black globe thermometer 12, "BH" represents a heated black globe thermometer 14, and "W" represents a white bulb thermometer 16.

In the prior art of Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4 and the present embodiment, the temperature T _g1 of the black globe measured by the heated black globe thermometer 14 and the temperature T of the black globe measured by the black globe thermometer 12 _It is common that the wind speed U and the short wave radiation amount S are calculated by using _{g2 and the white bulb} temperature T g3 measured by the white globe thermometer 16.

On the other hand, in the prior art of Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4, a long wave is used by using _{the temperature T g2 of the} black bulb measured by the black globe thermometer 12 and the temperature T _{g3 of the white bulb measured by the white bulb thermometer 16.} Whereas the radiation amount is calculated, in the present embodiment, the long wave radiation amount L is acquired by the long wave radiometer 18.

Therefore, since the long-wave radiation amount L can be directly measured by the long-wave radiometer 18, the influence of the measurement noise of the long-wave radiation amount as described in Non-Patent Document 1 is reduced, and the long-wave radiation amount with high accuracy is reduced. L can be obtained. As a result, the temperature Ta, which will be described later, can be calculated with high accuracy by using the long wave radiation amount L in an accurate state.

Further, in the prior arts of Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4, the air temperature is measured by using a thermometer covered with a forced ventilation cylinder, whereas in the present embodiment, a black globe measured by a black globe thermometer 12 is used. The air temperature Ta is calculated using the temperature T _{g2 of the above and the temperature T g3 of} the white bulb measured by the white bulb thermometer 16. Thereby, it is possible to acquire the long wave radiation amount L, the short wave radiation amount S, the wind speed U, and the air temperature Ta, which are examples of information on the thermal environment, without providing a thermometer covered with a forced ventilation cylinder. Therefore, when the measuring device 10 of the present embodiment is carried by a person, it can be easily carried.

Hereinafter, a specific description will be given.

The calculation unit 34 calculates the thermal conductivity h using the heat balance equation of the sphere shown in the following equations (1a), (1b), and (1c). The heat balance equation of the black sphere of the heated black sphere thermometer 14 is the following equation (1a). The heat balance equation of the black sphere of the black sphere thermometer 12 is the following equation (1b). The heat balance equation of the white sphere of the white sphere thermometer 16 is the following equation (1c).

_{T g1} in the above formula (1a) is the temperature of the black globe measured by the heated black globe thermometer 14, and _Hinput is the amount of heat applied to the black globe. _{Further, T g2} in the above formula (1b) is the temperature of the black globe measured by the black globe thermometer 12. _{Further, T g3} in the above formula (1c) is the temperature of the white sphere measured by the white sphere thermometer 16. Albedo α _b and emissivity ε _b are parameters representing the radiation characteristics of the black sphere, and albedo α _w and emissivity ε _w are parameters representing the radiation characteristics of the white sphere. σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. C is the heat capacity of the sphere, which is preset. There are two ways to give _{H input.} There _{are two methods, one is a method in which H input} is set to a constant calorific value and T _g1 is fluctuated (constant power method), and the other _{is a case in which H input is controlled so that (T g1-} T _{g 2} ) is set to a constant temperature (constant temperature method).

If the albedo and the injection rate are identified in advance, the following rule that only the thermal conductivity h is an unknown variable by taking the difference between the ball heat balance equations (1a) and (1b) of two balls having the same radiation characteristics. Equation (2) can be obtained.

Therefore, the calculation unit 34 reads out from the information storage unit 32 _{the temperature T g1} of the heated black globe measured by the heated black globe thermometer 14 _{and the temperature T g2 of the} black globe measured by the black globe thermometer 12. ..

Then, in the constant power method, the calculation unit 34 calculates the thermal conductivity h according to the above equation (2) based on _{the temperature T g 2} and the temperature T _{g 1.} In the constant temperature method, in addition to _{the temperature T g2} and the temperature T _{g1 , the measurement of Hinput} is also required, and the thermal conductivity h is calculated from these three variables.

Next, the calculation unit 34 calculates the wind speed U from the already calculated thermal conductivity h according to, for example, the method described in Non-Patent Document 4.

_{Next, the calculation unit 34 reads out the temperature T g3 of} the white sphere measured by the white sphere thermometer 16 and the long wave radiation amount L from the information storage unit 32. Then, the calculation unit 34 measures the thermal conductivity h already calculated in the above equations (1b) and (1c), the temperature T _g2 measured by the black ball thermometer 12, and the white ball thermometer 16. By substituting the temperature T _g3 and the long wave radiation amount L measured by the long wave thermometer 18, the short wave radiation amount S and the temperature Ta are calculated as a solution of the dual simultaneous heat balance equation.

As a result, the long wave radiation amount L, the short wave radiation amount S, the wind speed U, and the air temperature Ta are obtained as information on the thermal environment.

Next, the calculation unit 34 is based on the already obtained long wave radiation amount L, short wave radiation amount S, wind speed U, and temperature Ta, the humidity measured by the hygrometer 19, and the amount of clothes and metabolism of a person. ^{Then, according to a known method, the standard effective temperature SET *} (Standard Effective Temperature), which is an example of the sensation index regarding the heat felt by living organisms, is calculated. The amount of clothing and the amount of metabolism may be acquired by a sensor or the like, or preset values may be used.

Then, the calculation unit 34 ^{outputs the standard new effective temperature SET *} to the display unit 26.

The display unit 26 displays the standard new effective temperature SET ^* output from the calculation unit 34. The user carrying the measuring device 10 confirms ^{the standard new effective temperature SET * displayed on the display unit 26.}

Next, the operation of the measuring device 10 will be described.

The measuring device 10 is carried by the user, the temperature T _{g2 of the black globe is measured by the black globe thermometer 12, the temperature T g1} of the heated black globe heated by the heated black globe thermometer 14 is measured, and the white bulb thermometer 16 The temperature T _g3 of the white globe is measured, the long wave radiation amount L is measured by the long wave radiation meter 18, and the humidity is measured by the hygrometer 19. Then, the information acquisition unit 30 of the arithmetic unit 20 sequentially stores each information measured by each sensor in the information storage unit 32.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of information processing by the arithmetic unit 20 of the measuring device 10. Information processing is performed by the CPU 21 reading an information processing program from the ROM 22 or the storage 24, expanding the information processing program into the RAM 23, and executing the program.

In step S50, the calculation unit 34 _{reads out the temperature T g2 of} the black sphere, the temperature T _g1 of the heated black sphere, the temperature T _{g3 of} the white sphere, the long wave radiation amount L, and the humidity stored in the information storage unit 32.

In step S52, the calculation unit 34 calculates the thermal conductivity h according to the above formula (2) based on _{the temperature T g2} of the black sphere and the temperature T _{g1 of the heated black sphere read out in step S50.}

In step S54, the calculation unit 34 calculates the wind speed U from the thermal conductivity h according to the method described in Non-Patent Document 4 based on the thermal conductivity h calculated in step S52.

In step S56, the calculation unit 34 uses the above equation (1b) and the above equation (1c) to add the thermal conductivity h calculated in the above step S52 and the temperature T _g2 and the temperature T _g3 read in the above step S50. And the short wave radiation amount S and the temperature Ta are calculated by substituting the long wave radiation amount L.

In step S58, the calculation unit 34 determines the long wave radiation amount L and humidity read in step S50, the wind speed U calculated in step S54, and the short wave radiation amount S and temperature Ta calculated in step S56. And, based on the amount of clothes and the amount of metabolism of the person carrying the measuring device 10, the standard new effective temperature SET ^* is calculated according to a known method.

In step S60, the calculation unit 34 outputs the standard new effective temperature SET ^* calculated in step S58 as a result, and ends the information processing routine.

The display unit 26 displays the standard new effective temperature SET ^* output from the calculation unit 34. The user carrying the measuring device 10 confirms ^{the standard new effective temperature SET * displayed on the display unit 26.}

As described above, the measuring device of the present embodiment has different radiation characteristics from the black sphere thermometer, the heated black sphere thermometer provided with a heat source, the sphere of the black sphere thermometer, and the sphere of the heated black sphere thermometer. A white sphere thermometer having a sphere and a long wave radiant meter are provided. As a result, information on the thermal environment can be obtained by a device that can be easily carried. Specifically, since it is not necessary to provide a thermometer provided with a forced ventilation tube, the measuring device of the present embodiment is excellent in portability.

Further, a groove is formed in the heating black globe of the heating black globe thermometer of the measuring device of the present embodiment, and the heating wire is configured to be wound around the heating black globe. Since such a configuration is easy to process, the heated black globe of the present embodiment can be easily mass-produced.

Further, the conventional heated black globes of Non-Patent Documents 1 to 5 have a limit in miniaturization because the heat source needs to be installed on the upper surface. On the other hand, the heating black globe of the present embodiment has a configuration in which a heating wire, which is a heat source, can be wound, so that the size can be further reduced.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the usage mode of the measuring device 10 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, it is assumed that the user U carries the measuring device 10 and acquires information on the thermal environment of each location. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, a usage pattern is assumed in which the measuring device 10 is installed at a specific location and information on the thermal environment of the location is acquired.

<Example>

Next, the experimental results corresponding to the above embodiments will be described as examples.

<Example 1>

In Example 1, various values obtained from the measured values of various commercially available sensors were compared with various values obtained from the measured values of the measuring device according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows the air temperature Ta (“Ta by ultra sonic” in the graph), which is a measured value of a commercially available ultrasonic temperature sensor, and the air temperature Ta (“proposed” in the graph) obtained by the measuring device according to the present embodiment. The sensor ”) and the air temperature Ta (“Ta by reference sensor” in the graph) measured by a commercially available forced ventilation type air temperature sensor are shown. The value on the horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 6 is the air temperature Ta (“Ta by reference sensor” in the graph) measured by a commercially available forced ventilation type air temperature sensor as a reference value.

As shown in FIG. 6, the air temperature Ta calculated by the measuring device according to the present embodiment is measured by the commercially available forced ventilation type air temperature sensor rather than the air temperature Ta measured by the commercially available ultrasonic air temperature sensor. It can be seen that the temperature is in good agreement with Ta. Therefore, it can be seen that the temperature Ta is accurately obtained by the measuring device according to the present embodiment.

In addition, FIG. 7 shows the experimental results for ^{SET *} , which is an evaluation index for heat stroke. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 7 shows the values when all the meteorological values (temperature, humidity, wind speed, short wave radiation amount, and long wave radiation amount) required for ^{SET * calculation are measured by a high-precision commercial sensor.} Therefore, the value on the horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 7 serves as a reference value. Further, the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 7 is plotted with the SET ^* (S & Ta from proposed sensor) ^{obtained by the method of the present embodiment and the SET *} (S & L from proposed sensor) obtained by the conventional method. .. ^{The SET *} (S & Ta from proposed sensor) obtained by the method of the present embodiment is obtained by estimating the shortwave radiation amount S and the temperature Ta. ^{On the other hand, the SET *} (S & L from proposed sensor) obtained by the conventional method is obtained by estimating the short wave radiation amount S and the long wave radiation amount L.

According to FIG. 7, the SET ^* (S & Ta from proposed sensor) ^{obtained by the method of the present embodiment is closer to the reference value than the SET *} (S & L from proposed sensor) obtained by the conventional method, and the risk of heat stroke is evaluated. It can be seen that the SET ^* used in the calculation can be calculated more accurately.

<Example 2>

In Example 2, various values obtained from the measured values of various commercially available sensors were compared with various values obtained from the measured values of the measuring device according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows the input shortwave radiation amount to the sphere per unit area calculated by the high-precision radiation sensor (horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 8) and the shortwave radiation amount estimated by the measuring device according to the present embodiment (FIG. 8). 8 is a comparison diagram with the vertical axis of the graph. The shortwave radiation amount estimated by the measuring device according to the present embodiment is plotted for two spheres, one having a sphere size of 4 mm and the other having a sphere size of 12 mm. Both the sphere sizes of 4 mm and 12 mm have a high correlation with the indicated value (reference value) of the highly accurate radiation sensor. Moreover, it can be seen that the accuracy does not deteriorate even if the sphere size is reduced.

The high-precision radiation sensor used as a reference value uses three sets of commercially available radiation sensors that measure the amount of radiation from two front and rear directions with high accuracy, and the top and bottom surfaces and the north, south, east, and west surfaces are oriented so that they are orthogonal to each other. Arranged so as to face, the input radiation to the sphere was calculated by the following formula.

FIG. 9 shows the air temperature measured by the forced ventilation device (horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 9), the air temperature estimated by the measuring device according to the present embodiment (horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 9), and the air temperature measured by a commercially available sensor. It is a comparison diagram with (horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 9). Note that FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of FIG.

The commercially available sensor 1 in FIG. 9 is the air temperature measured by an ultrasonic sensor that does not require forced ventilation, and the commercially available sensor 2 is the air temperature measured by a normal temperature sensor without forced ventilation. It can be seen that the air temperature measured by the commercial sensor 1 is larger than the reference value, and the temperature measured by the commercial sensor 2 is also larger than the reference value where the temperature is high. It can be seen that the air temperature obtained by the measuring device according to the present embodiment has a higher degree of agreement with the air temperature forcibly ventilated as compared with the commercially available sensors 1 and 2.

As described above, it can be said that the various values obtained by the measuring device according to the present embodiment are equal to or higher than those of the conventional method.

In addition, various processors other than the CPU may execute the information processing executed by the CPU reading the software (program) in the above embodiment. In this case, the processor includes a PLD (Programmable Logic Device) whose circuit configuration can be changed after manufacturing an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and the like. An example is a dedicated electric circuit or the like, which is a processor having a circuit configuration designed exclusively for the purpose. In addition, information processing may be executed by one of these various processors, or a combination of two or more processors of the same type or different types (for example, a plurality of FPGAs, and a combination of a CPU and an FPGA, etc.). ) May be executed. Further, the hardware structure of these various processors is, more specifically, an electric circuit in which circuit elements such as semiconductor elements are combined.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and applications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, as an example of the experience index related to the heat felt by the living ^{thing, the case of calculating the standard new effective temperature SET *} which is an index related to the heat balance of the living thing has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. Absent. For example, as an index related to the heat balance of living organisms, UTCI, predicted average warm / cold feeling report PMV, PET, etc., which are indexes proposed by the International Society of Biometeorology, may be calculated. Alternatively, the wet-bulb globe temperature WBGT may be calculated as the heat index of the organism. In addition, any index may be calculated as long as it is a thermal index.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the measuring device 10 acquires each information and stores it in the information storage unit 32 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the measuring device 10 further comprises a predetermined communication means, the communication via the I / F17, globe temperature T _g2 measured by the thermometer 12, the temperature T _g1, which is measured by heating globe thermometer 14 _{The temperature T g3} measured by the white ball thermometer 16 and the long wave radiation amount L measured by the long wave thermometer 18 may be transmitted to an external device.

12 Black globe thermometer 14 Heating black bulb thermometer 14A Heating wire 16 White bulb thermometer 18 Long wave radiometer 19 Hygrometer 20 Arithmetic unit 30 Information acquisition unit 32 Information storage unit 34 Arithmetic unit

Claims (11)

The first black globe thermometer,
A second black globe thermometer with a heat source,
A ball thermometer having a ball having a radiation characteristic different from that of the first black ball thermometer ball and the second black ball thermometer ball, and
With a long wave radiometer
A measuring device for measuring information about the thermal environment. Further equipped with a hygrometer,
The measuring device according to claim 1. Based on the temperature measured by the first black globe thermometer and the temperature measured by the second black globe thermometer, the thermal conductivity h is calculated using the spherical heat balance equation of the black globe thermometer. Calculate, calculate the wind velocity U from the thermal conductivity h,
Shortwave radiation based on the temperature measured by the first black sphere thermometer, the temperature measured by the sphere thermometer, the longwave radiation amount L measured by the longwave radiometer, and the thermal conductivity h. Calculate quantity S and temperature Ta,
Further equipped with arithmetic means,
The measuring device according to claim 1 or 2. The calculation means further calculates a sensory index regarding the heat felt by an organism based on the wind speed U, the long wave radiation amount L, the short wave radiation amount S, the air temperature Ta, and the humidity measured by the hygrometer.
The measuring device according to claim 3. The calculation means calculates an index related to the heat balance of living organisms or a heat index as the experience index.
The measuring device according to claim 4. The heat source of the second black globe thermometer is a heating wire.
The black globe of the second black globe thermometer is a black globe around which the heating wire is wound.
The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A groove is formed in the black globe of the second black globe thermometer.
The measuring device according to claim 6. The heating wire is a heating wire having a resistance temperature coefficient smaller than a predetermined threshold value.
The measuring device according to claim 6 or 7. The heating wire is a heating wire in which a part of Ni contained in the nickel-chromium heating wire is replaced with Al and other additive elements.
The measuring device according to any one of claims 6 to 8. The long wave radiometer is a long wave radiometer having three or more measurement surfaces for measuring the long wave radiation amount L.
The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9. With more communication means
The communication means is measured by the temperature measured by the first black ball thermometer, the temperature measured by the second black ball thermometer, the temperature measured by the ball thermometer, and the long wave radiator. The long wave radiation amount L is transmitted to an external device.
The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images