JP2021095304A - Fired body and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a new ceramic ware (fired body)for the purpose of adhering and fixing the ashes of the deceased, etc. to existing ceramics in a recognizable style, not as a component in the ceramic ware such as glaze or a base, but as the ashes themselves.SOLUTION: The present invention may include a fired body characterized in that ashes of the deceased is adhered and fixed to the surface of ceramics in a recognizable style, as a mixture with a following fixing agent (a) to (c): (a) a fusing agent; a fusing agent and clays; or a fixing agent consisting mainly of a fusing agent and a glaze; (b) a fusing agent and clays and a glaze; or a fixing agent consisting mainly of clays and a glaze; or (c) a fusing agent and glass; or a fixing agent consisting mainly of glass.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention belongs to the technical field of post-treatment of ceramics. The present invention relates to a fired body or the like in which ashes of humans, pet animals, etc. are exposed on the surface of ceramics and adhered and fixed.

When a person or a pet animal dies, various related items may be left behind. One of the most important of these relics is believed to be the remains.
In the past, the remains of deceased people and pet animals (deceased, etc.) were usually stored only in graves or in the ossuary of religious facilities. However, in recent years, some of the ashes attached to the cremation have been used as raw materials to make articles intended to make the deceased and others feel closer to them. This is a type of memorial service at hand.
Ceramics such as pottery are known as one of the articles used for such a memorial service at hand.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a glaze raw material obtained by adding medium-soluble raw materials to a finely divided ashes of a deceased person or the like, and a baked product obtained by applying this raw material to a foetation and firing it. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a ceramic plate in which ashes and ashes are crushed, mixed in a glaze, stirred, coated and fired. These ceramics are integrated with the ashes of the deceased, etc. as part of the glaze, and can be kept close to the bereaved family, etc. on a daily basis.

Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a Buddhist image-shaped porcelain having a double structure including a surface layer portion containing a large amount of ashes and an internal side containing a small amount of ashes. This porcelain is integrated with the ashes of the deceased as a part of the base material. According to Patent Document 3, by coarsening the particle size of the ashes ash, it can be manufactured so that the content of the ashes ash in the ceramic product can be visually confirmed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-67661 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-279374 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-83420

In the ceramics of Patent Documents 1 and 2, since fine powdered ashes are dispersed in the glaze, it is difficult to visually confirm the content of the ashes and to sense their existence.

Since the ashes of the ceramic product of Patent Document 3 are dispersed in the substrate, the grain size of the ashes must be coarse, at least in the literature, in order to make the content visible. It takes a high degree of ceramic art skills to manufacture such ceramics. Further, since the manufacturing method shown in Patent Document 3 does not assume that the ashes of the ashes are immobilized on the existing ceramics, it is difficult to immobilize the ashes of the ashes on an item related to the deceased, for example. Is.

An object of the present invention is to manifest and adhere and immobilize the ashes of a deceased person or the like to existing ceramics as the ashes themselves, not as a component in ceramics such as glaze or base material, and the ashes are fixed as such. The main task is to provide new earthenware (fired body).

As a result of diligent studies, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by adhering ashes ashes mixed with a fixing agent containing a predetermined amount of a predetermined component to earthenware and firing the ashes. , The present invention has been completed.

Examples of the present invention include the following.
[1] A fired body characterized in that ashes ashes are exposed on the surface of ceramics and adhered and fixed.
[2] The ashes ash is (a) a flux; a flux and a clay; or a fixing agent mainly composed of a flux and a glaze, (b) a flux and a clay and a glaze; or mainly from a clay and a glaze. The fired body according to the above [1], which is adhered and immobilized as a mixture of (c) a flux and a glass; or a fixing agent mainly composed of glass.
[3] The flux is ZnO, MgO, MgCO ₃ , PbO, PbCO ₃ , or Pb ₃ O ₄ , the clays are frog-eye clay or kaolin, and the glaze is a transparent glaze or a low-flame glaze. The fired body according to the above [2], wherein the glass is transparent glass.
[4] The fired body according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein the ashes that are exposed and adhered to and fixed on the surface of the ceramics are covered with a coating material.
[5] The fired body according to the above [4], wherein the coating material is glass, glaze, or glass and glaze.
[6] The fired body according to the above [5], wherein the glass is transparent glass and the glaze is a transparent glaze or a low-flame glaze.
[7] In any one of the above [4] to [6], which contains a flux at the boundary edge between the ashes that are exposed and adhered and fixed on the surface of the ceramic and the coating material that covers the ashes. The fired body described.
[8] The fired body according to the above [7], wherein the flux is ZnO, MgO, MgCO ₃ , PbO, PbCO ₃ , or Pb ₃ O _4.

[9] A method for producing a fired body in which ashes ashes are exposed on the surface of ceramics and adhered and fixed, which comprises the following steps 1 to 3.
1. 1. Ashes and ashes and (a) flux; flux and clay; or immobilizer mainly composed of flux and glaze, or (b) flux and clay and glaze; or immobilization mainly composed of clay and glaze Agent, or (c) flux and glass; or fixing agent mainly composed of glass, the weight ratio of the ashes to the fixing agent is 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes: immobilization). The step of mixing within the range of the agent) to obtain the main mixture from the ashes and the immobilizing agent
2. The step of adhering the mixture to the surface of earthenware,
3. 3. A step of firing a ceramic in which the mixture is attached to the surface.
[10] The flux is ZnO, MgO, MgCO ₃ , PbO, PbCO ₃ , or Pb ₃ O ₄ , the clays are frog-eye clay or kaolin, and the glaze is a transparent glaze or a low-flame glaze. The method for producing a fired body according to the above [9], wherein the glass is transparent glass.
[11] The method for producing a fired body according to the above [9] or [10], further comprising a step of placing a coating material on the surface of the mixture adhered to the surface of earthenware.
[12] The method for producing a fired body according to the above [11], wherein the coating material is at least one selected from the group consisting of a glass plate, glass beads, glass powder and a glaze.
[13] The method for producing a fired body according to the above [12], wherein the glass plate, glass beads, or glass powder is transparent glass, and the glaze is a transparent glaze or a low-flame glaze.
[14] The method for producing a fired product according to any one of the above [11] to [13], further comprising a step of adding a flux to the boundary edge between the mixture and the coating material.
[15] The method for producing a fired product according to the above [14], wherein the flux is ZnO, MgO, MgCO ₃ , PbO, PbCO ₃ , or Pb ₃ O _4.

According to the present invention, the ashes of ashes can be immobilized on the earthenware in a state where it is manifested so that it can be visually perceived, not as a component of the earthenware. Further, according to the present invention, the ashes of the ashes can be immobilized on the existing ceramics related to the deceased or the like.

It is a bird's-eye view (photograph) of the fired body (Example 2) which concerns on this invention. It is a bird's-eye view (photograph) of the fired body (Example 3) which concerns on this invention. It is a front sectional view of the fired body (Example 3) which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
1 About the fired body according to the present invention The fired body according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the fired body of the present invention”) is a fired body containing ceramics and the like, and ashes ash is exposed on the surface of the ceramics and adhered and fixed. It is characterized by being sintered. This immobilization can be done, for example, with a composition mainly composed of predetermined components. Further, the immobilized ashes may be covered with a suitable coating material. Then, a flux may be contained as an auxiliary agent at the boundary edge between the ashes and the coating material.

Here, "bone ash" means ashes, ashes left after a person or a pet animal is cremated, or bone ash obtained from them. It is mainly composed of bone or bone-derived components (for example, calcium phosphate), but does not exclude the inclusion of other components other than bone.

In addition, "earthenware" refers to earthenware, earthenware, earthenware, porcelain, and other ceramics molded and fired using an oxidation mixture of silicon and aluminum (for example, earthenware, clay, etc.) as the main raw material, such as main firing. It does not matter whether or not it has undergone the process of. Therefore, not only the fired body after painting or glaze, but also the fired body in the unglazed state is included. "Ceramics" includes not only so-called traditional ceramics such as ceramics, but also oxide-based ceramics having equivalent components in general.

"Mainly" means that other components can be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, and does not limit the content rate of the components, but is usually contained in the total amount of the fixing agent of the present invention. It means that the rate occupies 50% by weight or more. It means that the content preferably occupies 70% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more to 90% by weight or more. The content may be 100% by weight.

1.1 Fixing agent The fixing agent according to the present invention is a composition for immobilizing ashes ashes on ceramics, and is composed of (a) a flux; a flux and clays; or a flux and a glaze. (B) Flux and clays and glazes; or mainly from clays and glazes, or (c) Fluxes and glasses; or mainly from glass. The immobilizing agent may further contain an appropriate amount of an appropriate additive.
By using the fixing agent, it is possible to attach and fix the ashes to the earthenware in a state where the ashes are exposed so that they can be visually recognized and felt.
It should be noted that clays, fluxes and glazes, and the terms of these subordinate concepts described later are well known to those skilled in the art of earthenware.

1.1.1 Flux The fixing agent is mainly composed of a flux as one aspect thereof. Such a flux is not particularly limited as long as it is a raw material having a role of lowering the melting melting point of a base material of earthenware or a glaze and is usually used as a ceramic material.
Specifically, for example, potash (K ₂ O), potash carbonate (K ₂ CO ₃ ), soda (Na ₂ O), sodium carbonate (Na ₂ CO ₃ ), boron oxide (B ₂ O ₃ ), borosand. (Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ ), boric acid (Na ₂ BO ₃ ), lead oxide (PbO), lead carbonate (PbCO ₃ ), lead tan (Pb ₃ O ₄ ), lead ore (PbS), magnesia (MgO) ), Magnesite (MgCO ₃ ), barium oxide (BaO), barium carbonate (BaCO ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), strontium (SrO). Among them, for _{example, ZnO, MgO, MgCO 3,} PbO, PbCO 3, Pb 3 O 4, PbS, BaO, are preferred _{BaCO 3, ZnO, MgO, MgCO} 3, PbO, PbCO 3, Pb 3 O 4 is more preferred .. These fluxes may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.

1.1.2 Clays The immobilizing agent is mainly composed of clays and the flux as one embodiment thereof. Such clays are minerals containing hydrous silicic acid alum (Al ₂ O ₃ , mSiO ₂ , nH ₂ O) as a main component, and are not particularly limited as long as they are usually used as a plastic raw material for earthenware.
Specific examples include kaolin, frog-eye clay, wood-knot clay, stoneware clay, and pentonite. Of these, for example, kaolin and frog-eye clay are preferable, and frog-eye clay is more preferable. These clays may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.

When the fixing agent is mainly composed of a flux and clays, the weight ratio of the flux to the clays is not particularly limited, but the relationship with the ashes ashes immobilized on the ceramics. Then, there may be a preferable amount of each of the flux and the clay. Considering them, the weight ratio of the flux to the clays is appropriately in the range of 1: 0.005 to 1: 400 (flux: clays), and is 1: 0.05 to 1: 100. The range of (flux: clays) is preferable, and the range of 1: 0.1 to 1:50 (flux: clays) is more preferable. By combining the flux and clays, the ashes of the ashes can be more stably fixed to the earthenware. If the weight ratio of the flux to the clays is 1: 400 (flux: clays) or more, the ashes of the ashes may be exposed on the surface of the earthenware and cannot be adhered and fixed.

11.3 Glaze The immobilizing agent is mainly composed of the flux and the glaze, or the clays and the glaze, as one aspect thereof. The glaze used in the present invention is alkali metal oxide (R ₂ O) or alkaline earth metal oxide (RO), silica (SiO ₂ ) or boron oxide (B ₂ O ₃ ), and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ). Is not particularly limited as long as it contains. Among these, for example, from the viewpoint of visibility of ashes ashes, a glaze (transparent glaze) that exhibits transparency after firing is preferable. From the viewpoint of firing temperature, medium-heated glaze and low-heated glaze are preferable.
Specific examples thereof include commercially available glazes or transparent glazes, for example, No. 1 glaze, No. 1 Otsu glaze, No. 3 glaze, No. 4 glaze, No. 4 glaze, No. 9 glaze, and earth ash glaze. Of these, for example, No. 3 glaze, No. 9 glaze, and earth ash glaze are preferable, and No. 3 glaze and earth ash glaze are more preferable. These glazes or transparent glazes may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.

When the combination of glaze or transparent glaze is expressed by the Zegel formula, the glaze used for the fixing agent is (0.2 to 0.35 KNaO, 0.65 to 0.8 CaO, 0.01 to 0.15 MgO). ) · 0.35~0.45Al ₂ O ₃ of · 3~9SiO ₂ range are preferred. Among them, (0.25KNaO · 0.74CaO · 0.01MgO) · 0.4Al 2 O 3 · 7~9SiO 2 range or (0.29KNaO · 0.70CaO · 0.02MgO), · 0.39Al 2 O ₃ · 3.64SiO ₂ vicinity is more preferable. In the Seegel formula, each coefficient represents the molar ratio of each component, and the sum of the coefficients of alkali and alkaline earth in parentheses is configured to be 1.

When the fixing agent is mainly composed of a flux and a glaze (for example, the above-mentioned commercially available glaze), the weight ratio of the flux to the glaze is not particularly limited, but is immobilized on earthenware. In relation to the ashes that have been made, there may be favorable amounts of each of the flux and glaze used. Considering them, the weight ratio of the flux to the glaze is appropriately in the range of 1: 0.005 to 1: 400 (flux: glaze), and 1: 0.03 to 1:50 (flux). The range of agent: glaze) is preferable, and the range of 1: 0.06 to 1:20 (flux: glaze) is more preferable.

When the fixing agent is mainly composed of clays and glaze, the weight ratio of the clays to the glaze is within the range of 1: 0.02 to 1: 3 (clays: glaze). Is appropriate. Among them, the range of 1: 0.03 to 1: 1 (clays: glaze) is preferable, and the range of 1: 0.04 to 1: 0.5 (clays: glaze) is more preferable. If the weight ratio is out of the range of 1: 0.02 to 1: 3, the ashes may be exposed on the surface of the ceramic and cannot be adhered and fixed.

Among the fixing agents, those having a mode mainly composed of a flux and a glaze can further contain clays. The clays and preferred clays that can be used in this case are the same as described above.
Further, among the fixing agents, those having a mode mainly composed of a flux and clays can further contain a glaze. The glaze that can be used in this case, the preferred glaze, and the like are the same as described above.
The weight ratio of the flux in the fixing agent in these cases to the clay and the glaze is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio thereof is 1: 0.01 to 1: 800 (flux: clay and glaze). ) Is appropriate. Among them, the range of 1: 0.08 to 1: 150 (flux: clays and glaze) is preferable, and the range of 1: 0.2 to 1:70 (flux: clays and glaze) is more preferable. preferable. The weight ratio between the clays and the glaze is the same as described above.

1.1.4 Glass The immobilizing agent is mainly composed of glass as one aspect thereof. The glass is not particularly limited as long as it is an amorphous solid mainly composed of silicate.
Specific examples thereof include soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, low-expansion crystallized glass, and quartz glass. For example, from the viewpoint of visibility of ashes ashes, transparent glass (transparent glass) is preferable among these glasses. Further, from the viewpoint of melting property at the firing temperature, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, and low-expansion crystallized glass are preferable. These glasses may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.

As one aspect of the fixing agent, the flux is mainly composed of the flux and the glass. In the case of this embodiment, the weight ratio of the glass to the flux is not particularly limited, but in relation to the ashes ashes immobilized on the earthenware, there may be preferable amounts of the flux and the glass to be used respectively. Considering them, the weight ratio of the flux to the glaze is appropriately in the range of 1: 0.0025 to 1: 400 (flux: glass), and 1: 0.02 to 1:50 (flux). The range of agent: glass) is preferable, and the range of 1: 0.04 to 1:25 (flux: glass) is more preferable.

1.1.5 Additives The fixative may contain additives as long as the effects of the present invention (eg, visibility of ashes) are not impaired. Examples of the additive that can be used for the fixing agent include a glaze raw material for coloring, a calcareous raw material, wood ash, feldspar, porcelain stone, pyrophyllite, and silica stone (silica stone).

An appropriate amount of the glaze raw material for coloring can be used as long as the effect of the present invention (for example, visibility of ashes ashes) is not impaired. Specifically, iron oxide (FeO, Fe ₂ O ₃ ), cobalt oxide (CoO, Co ₂ O ₃ , Co ₃ O ₄ ), copper oxide (CuO), manganese dioxide (MnO ₂ ), manganese carbonate (MnCO _3). ), chromium oxide _{(CrO, Cr 2 O 3,} CrO 2, CrO 3), lead chromate (PbCrO _4), titanium oxide _(TiO 2), zaffer and the like.

Examples of the calcareous raw material that can be used for the fixing agent include limestone, calcite, marble, chalk, fluorite, dolomite, husk, bone ash, and talc.

Examples of wood ash that can be used as the fixing agent include persimmon ash, earth ash, straw ash and the like.

Examples of feldspars that can be used as the fixing agent include lithium feldspar, potassium feldspar, soda feldspar, and Fukushima feldspar. Among the immobilizing agents, those having a mode mainly composed of a flux and clays can be glaze-ized by further containing feldspars.

The immobilizing agent can be produced by mixing a flux, clays, glaze, glass, and if necessary, other additives by a conventional method.

1.2 Coating material In the fired body of the present invention, the ashes that have been exposed and immobilized can be covered with a coating material. The coating material can have, for example, a function of protecting ashes ashes.
Examples of the coating material in this case include glass and glaze. As for the glass, it is preferably transparent glass, and as for the glaze, it is preferably a transparent glaze or a low-flame glaze.

Further, as long as the effect of the present invention (for example, visibility of ashes ashes) is not impaired, the glass may be colored glass, and the transparent glaze may contain a glaze raw material for coloring. There may be.
These coating materials may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.

1.3 Flux as an auxiliary agent In the fired body of the present invention, a flux can be contained in the peripheral region around the boundary between the ashes ashes that have been manifested and immobilized and the coating material. By including the flux, it is possible to obtain a fired body in a better state with less curling.

Specific examples of the melting agent in this case include potassium (K ₂ O), potassium carbonate (K ₂ CO ₃ ), soda (Na ₂ O), sodium carbonate (Na ₂ CO ₃ ), and boron oxide (. B ₂ O ₃ ), broom sand (Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ ), boric acid (Na ₂ BO ₃ ), lead oxide (PbO), lead carbonate (PbCO ₃ ), lead tan (Pb ₃ O ₄ ), lead Examples include ore (PbS), magnesia (MgO), magnesite (MgCO ₃ ), barium oxide (BaO), barium carbonate (BaCO ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), and strontium (SrO). .. Among them, for _{example, ZnO, MgO, MgCO 3,} PbO, PbCO 3, Pb 3 O 4, PbS, BaO, are preferred _{BaCO 3, ZnO, MgO, MgCO} 3, PbO, PbCO 3, Pb 3 O 4 is more preferred .. These fluxes may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.

2 About the method for producing the fired body of the present invention The method for producing the fired body of the present invention is as follows: (a) a flux; a flux and clays; or a fixing agent mainly composed of a flux and a glaze, (b) a melt. Agents and clays and glazes; or fixing agents mainly composed of clays and glazes, or (c) fluxes and glasses; or fixing agents mainly composed of glass (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "fixing agents"). Is mixed in a weight ratio of the ashes ash to the fixing agent within the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes ash: fixing agent), and a mixture mainly composed of the ashes ash and the fixing agent. (Mixing step), a step of adhering the mixture to the surface of ceramics (adhesion step), and a step of firing the mixture (firing step). A coating material is placed on the surface of the mixture after the adhesion step, and usually, a baking step is performed after the drying step. After the adhesion step, a coating material may be placed on the surface of the mixture, and the firing step may be performed in that state. At this time, an appropriate amount of flux can be contained as an auxiliary agent in the boundary edge between the mixture and the coating material.

2.1 Mixing of ashes and immobilizing agent (mixing process)
In producing the calcined product of the present invention, the ashes and the above-mentioned immobilizing agent are mixed.
The shape of the ashes is not limited, but it is preferably granular or powdery. The method of granulation or pulverization is not particularly limited, but it may be carried out by a crusher or a flour mill, or it may be roughly crushed and then carried out by a ball mill or a pot mill. The pulverization may be carried out in a dry state (dry type), or may be carried out in a wet state by adding water or the like. There is no particular limitation on the particle size. However, from the viewpoint of making it difficult to cause crimping in the subsequent firing step, it is preferably 180 mesh or less. Further, from the viewpoint of uniform mixing of the ashes and the immobilizing agent, the range of 70 mesh to 150 mesh is more preferable, and the range of 90 mesh to 120 mesh is most preferable.

As mentioned above, the immobilizing agent may include at least one of a flux, clays, glaze, or glass.

When mixing the ashes and the fixing agent, if the fixing agent contains a flux, the weight ratio of the ashes to the flux in the fixing agent is 10: 0.1 to 10:40. It is appropriate to add an amount that is within the range of (ashes ash: flux). Above all, it is preferable to add a fixing agent so that this weight ratio is within the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:10 (ash of ashes: flux), and 10: 0.3 to 10: 8 (ashes). It is more preferable to keep it within the range of ash (flux). If the weight ratio of the ashes to the flux in the fixing agent is outside the range of 10: 0.1 to 10:40 (ashes: flux), it may not be fully manifested or it may be sufficiently fixed. There is a risk that it cannot be converted.

When mixing the ashes and the fixing agent, if the fixing agent contains clays, the weight ratio of the ashes to the clays in the fixing agent is 10: 0.2 to 10:40. It is appropriate to mix the amount so that it is within the range of (ashes: clays). Above all, it is preferable to add a fixing agent so that this weight ratio is within the range of 10: 0.5 to 10:20 (marl: clays), and 10: 1 to 10:15 (marl: ashes:). It is more preferable to be within the range of clays). If the weight ratio of the ashes to the clays in the fixing agent is outside the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes: clays), it may not be fully manifested or it may be sufficiently fixed. There is a risk that it cannot be converted.

When mixing the ashes and the fixing agent, if the fixing agent contains a glaze, the weight ratio of the ashes to the glaze in the fixing agent is 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes). It is appropriate to add an amount that is within the range of ash (glaze). Above all, it is preferable to add an immobilizing agent so that this weight ratio is within the range of 10: 0.3 to 10:10 (ashes: glaze), and 10: 0.5 to 10: 5 (ashes). : Glazed) is more preferable. If the weight ratio of the ashes to the glaze in the fixing agent is not within the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes: glaze), it may not be fully manifested or it cannot be sufficiently immobilized. There is a risk.

When mixing the ashes and the fixing agent, if the fixing agent contains glass, the weight ratio of the ashes to the glass in the fixing agent is 10: 0.1 to 10:40 (ashes). It is appropriate to mix in an amount that is within the range of ash: glass). Above all, it is preferable to add an fixing agent so that this weight ratio is within the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:10 (ashes: glass), and 10: 0.3 to 10: 8 (ashes ash). : Glass) is more preferable. If the weight ratio of the ashes to the glass in the fixing agent is outside the range of 10: 0.1 to 10:40 (ashes: glass), it may not be fully manifested or it cannot be sufficiently fixed. There is a risk.

It is appropriate that the weight ratio of the fixing agent as a whole to the ashes is within the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes: fixing agent). From the viewpoint of revealing more ashes, it is preferably within the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:20 (ashes: fixing agent), 10: 0.2 to 10:15 (ashes). It is more preferable that the content is within the range of ash (fixing agent). If the weight ratio with the ashes ash is outside the range of 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes ash: fixing agent), the ashes ash may not be sufficiently manifested or may not be sufficiently fixed. is there.

The method of mixing the ashes and the immobilizing agent is not particularly limited, and may be the same as the preparation of ordinary pottery. For example, a method of mixing the ashes ash and the fixing agent in a dry state, and a method of mixing the ashes ash and the fixing agent, adding water and stirring can be mentioned. The container used for the mixing or stirring is not limited, and examples thereof include a mortar and a pot mill.
Since the components of the immobilizing agent do not react at room temperature, it is practical to mix only the components of the immobilizing agent first and then the ashes of the ashes, or at the same time, mix each component and the ashes of the ashes. The same is true for, and the order of mixing these does not matter.

2.2 Adhesion step The calcined body of the present invention can be produced by adhering a mixture of ashes ash and a fixing agent to earthenware and then undergoing a calcining step.
As described above, the earthenware used here may be a fired body after painting or glaze, or may be in a unglazed state. Newly prepared earthenware for immobilization of ashes ashes may be used, but existing earthenware may also be used. For example, those related to the deceased or a deceased pet animal may be used.
Examples of the method of adhering the mixture include a method of placing the mixture in a powder state as it is on ceramics, a method of adhering the mixture in a viscous state containing water to a ceramic surface, and water containing water. A method of injecting the above-mentioned mixture (water slurry) in a slurry state into ceramics can be mentioned. The water slurry can also be attached to the side surface of the earthenware in the manner of glaze.
For example, from the viewpoint of filling the inside of the earthenware with more ashes, it is preferable to use the above mixture in a powder state to which water or an aqueous solution is not added. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of adhering the ashes ash to the earthenware with good moldability, it is preferable to use the above mixture in a viscous state or a water slurry state by adding water or an aqueous solution.

2.3 Baking step The pottery to which the above mixture is attached is kiln-packed and fired. For example, when a mixture containing water is used, it is dried to make it suitable for firing and then packed in a kiln.
The firing method is not particularly limited, and a known firing method usually used in ceramic art may be used.
Examples of kilns that can be used for firing include climbing kilns, tunnel kilns, and electric furnaces. From the viewpoint of temperature control, an electric furnace is preferable.
There are no particular restrictions on the firing atmosphere. Either oxidative firing (OF) or reduction firing (RF) may be used.

The firing temperature is not particularly limited, but the range of 1100 ° C. to 1400 ° C. is suitable. Among them, 1200 ° C. to 1300 ° C. is preferable, and the temperature is more preferably in the range of 1220 ° C. to 1240 ° C. When expressed in Seger cone (SK), the firing conditions are preferably in the range of SK6a to SK13, and more preferably in the range of SK7 to SK9.

The firing time is not particularly limited, but the firing can be performed in the range of about 6 hours to 24 hours, and the firing may be performed in about 10 to 12 hours as a standard.

2.4 Coating material The firing treatment can be performed with the coating material placed on the surface of the mixture containing the ashes. By using the coating material, for example, the ashes can be more firmly fixed to the earthenware, and the fixed ashes can be protected.
Examples of the coating material include glass and glaze.

The glass is not particularly limited as long as it is an amorphous solid mainly composed of silicate.
Specific examples thereof include soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, low-expansion crystallized glass, and quartz glass. For example, from the viewpoint of visibility of ashes ashes, transparent glass (transparent glass) is preferable among these glasses.
Examples of the form of the glass include a glass plate (for example, blue plate glass, white plate glass), glass beads, glass powder, and the like. Among them, glass plates or glass beads are preferable, and transparent glass plates or transparent glass beads are more preferable, from the viewpoints of storage stability, visibility, separability from ashes, and the like. The thickness of the glass plate is not limited, but is preferably about 1 mm to 30 mm, and more preferably about 2 mm to 10 mm. The particle size of the glass beads is not limited, but is preferably about φ1 mm to φ10 mm, and more preferably about φ2 mm to φ5 mm.

The glaze, alkali metal oxides _(R 2 O) or alkaline earth metal oxides (RO), silica (SiO ₂₎ or boron oxide _{(B 2 O} 3), and mainly composed of alumina _(Al 2 _{O 3)} There is no particular limitation as long as it is. For example, the same glaze as described above used in the immobilizing agent can be used. Among them, for example, transparent glaze and low-fire glaze are preferable.

Further, colored glass may be used for the glass plate, glass beads or glass powder as long as the effect of the present invention (for example, visibility of ashes ashes) is not impaired, and the transparent glaze uses a glaze raw material for coloring. It may be included.
These coating materials may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds. As a method of using two or more kinds in combination, after placing a glass material (for example, a glass plate or a glass bead) on the surface of a mixture of ashes ash and an immobilizing agent, a glaze (for example, for example) is used to create a gap between the mixture and the glass material. A method of filling with low-heat glaze (transparent glaze), a method of pouring a glaze into the gap between the glass material placed on the mixture and ceramics, a method of placing a glass material on the surface of the mixture and firing it, and then applying a lower-fire glaze. Examples thereof include a method of hanging and re-firing.

2.5 Flux as an auxiliary agent A flux can be contained in the boundary edge between the mixture of ashes and the immobilizing agent and the coating material. By including a flux, it is possible to suppress crimping during sintering.
Specific examples of the melt include potassium (K ₂ O), potassium carbonate (K ₂ CO ₃ ), soda (Na ₂ O), sodium carbonate (Na ₂ CO ₃ ), and boron oxide (B _2). O ₃ ), broom sand (Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ ), boric acid (Na ₂ BO ₃ ), lead oxide (PbO), lead carbonate (PbCO ₃ ), lead tan (Pb ₃ O ₄ ), lead ore (Pb 3 O 4) PbS), magnesia (MgO), magnesite (MgCO ₃ ), barium oxide (BaO), barium carbonate (BaCO ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), strontium (SrO). .. Among them, for _{example, ZnO, MgO, MgCO 3,} PbO, PbCO 3, Pb 3 O 4, PbS, BaO, are preferred _{BaCO 3, ZnO, MgO, MgCO} 3, PbO, PbCO 3, Pb 3 O 4 is more preferred .. These fluxes may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.

There is no particular limitation on how to add the flux, but for example, a mixture of ashes ashes and a fixing agent placed on earthenware may be sprinkled with an appropriate amount of a dry flux from above, or a brush. You may smear with. Further, an aqueous solution or suspension of a flux may be applied, or the flux may be smeared with a brush.

3 Overpainting The fired body of the present invention can be further overpainted. Overpainting is performed by coloring the surface of the fired body after firing. Since the baking is performed at a low temperature of about 700 to 850 ° C., it is possible to produce various colors that cannot be produced by the color glaze at a high temperature. When the above coating material is used, the surface of the coating material after firing can be further painted, engraved, or the like.

As the coloring or engraving in the overpainting, for example, it is conceivable to use a motif that symbolizes the deceased or a deceased pet animal, such as a favorite thing in life, a hobby, a life work, etc. ..

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

The raw materials used are as follows.
・ Frog eyes clay: produced in Toki City, Gifu Prefecture ・ No. 3 glaze: manufactured by Nippon Ceramics Co., Ltd. ・ Zinc oxide flower: ZnO
-Glass plate: colorless and transparent, approximately circular (diameter 60 mm, thickness 2 mm)
In addition, bone ash for ceramics was used as a substitute for ashes, and Kyo-yaki Kiyomizu-yaki special dishes (diameter 130 mm, height 18 mm) and cups (diameter 80 mm, height 35 mm) were prepared as ceramics for immobilizing the ashes.

[Example 1]
The fired body of the present invention was produced by the following procedure.
First, 2.5 g of zinc oxide (fixing agent) and 5 g of ashes ash were mixed in a mortar. The obtained mixture was dissolved in an appropriate amount of water and adhered to the upper surface of a unglazed dish prepared in advance.

After drying this dish at room temperature for 12 hours, it was kiln-packed in an electric furnace (Yaesu Giken Co., Ltd. electric furnace for ceramics YH-13) and fired at a set temperature of 1230 ° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere for 12 hours. .. After firing, the mixture was allowed to cool in a kiln for 12 hours or more to obtain a fired body in which ashes ashes were immobilized (the fired body of the present invention, Example 1).
The ashes of the ashes were adhered and fixed on the surface of the dish in a state of good visibility.

[Example 2]
The immobilizing agent according to the present invention and the fired product of the present invention were produced by the following procedure.
First, 1.5 g of zinc oxide and 15 g of frog-eye clay were mixed in a mortar (preparation of an immobilizing agent). This mixture (fixing agent) and 15 g of ashes ash were further mixed in a mortar. The resulting mixture was dissolved in an appropriate amount of water and poured into a pre-prepared cup.

After drying this cup at room temperature for 12 hours, it was placed in a kiln (YH-13, an electric furnace for ceramics manufactured by Yaesu Giken Co., Ltd.) and fired at a set temperature of 1230 ° C. for 12 hours. After firing, the mixture was allowed to cool in a kiln for 12 hours or more to obtain a fired body in which ashes ashes were immobilized (the fired body of the present invention, Example 2).

The obtained fired body of the present invention (Example 2) is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the ashes of the ashes fixed to the bottom of the cup are clearly visible and can be confirmed in a state of good visibility.

[Example 3]
The immobilizing agent according to the present invention and the fired product of the present invention were produced by the following procedure.
First, 7.5 g of frog-eye clay and 1.5 g of No. 3 glaze were mixed in a mortar (preparation of fixing agent). This mixture (fixing agent) and 15 g of ashes ash were further mixed in a mortar. The resulting mixture was dissolved in an appropriate amount of water and poured into a pre-prepared cup.

After drying this cup at room temperature for 12 hours, 2 g of zinc oxide powder was uniformly applied on the ashes-containing mixture using a brush. Further, a glass plate was placed from above so as to cover the mixture in a state where zinc oxide was applied.

The cup in this state was kiln-filled in an electric furnace (Yaesu Giken Co., Ltd. electric furnace for ceramics YH-13) and fired at a set temperature of 1230 ° C. for 12 hours. After firing, the mixture was allowed to cool in a kiln for 12 hours or more to obtain a fired body in which ashes ashes were immobilized (the fired body of the present invention, Example 3).

The obtained fired product of the present invention (Example 3) is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the ashes of the ashes fixed to the bottom of the cup are clearly visible and can be confirmed in a state of good visibility.
FIG. 3 schematically shows the structure of the fired body of the present invention (Example 3) by a cross-sectional view. As shown in FIG. 3, the fired body of the present invention has a structure in which the ashes 2 (lumps) are fixed to the bottom of the ceramic (cup) 1 and the glass plate 3 melted in the firing process covers the ashes 2. It has become. The ashes 2 is protected by a glass plate 3.

In the fired body of the present invention, the ashes of the ashes are exposed and fixed, and the ashes can be sufficiently visually recognized, so that the bereaved family and the like can feel the deceased and the like in their daily lives. Therefore, the present invention is useful, for example, in the so-called ending industry.

1 Ceramic (cup)
2 Ashes (lump)
3 Glass plate (coating material) after firing

Claims (15)

A fired body characterized in that ashes ashes are exposed on the surface of earthenware and adhered and fixed. The ashes ash is (a) a flux; a flux and clays; or an immobilization agent mainly composed of a flux and a glaze, and (b) an immobilization mainly composed of a flux and a clay and a glaze; or a clay and a glaze. The fired body according to claim 1, wherein the agent, or (c) a flux and glass; or a mixture of a flux mainly composed of glass, is adhered and immobilized. The flux is, _ZnO, MgO, MgCO 3, PbO, a PbCO ₃ or _Pb 3 _{O 4,} the clays are Gairome clay or kaolin, wherein the glaze is transparent glaze or a low fire of glaze, The fired body according to claim 2, wherein the glass is transparent glass. The fired body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ashes that are exposed and adhered to and fixed on the surface of the earthenware are covered with a coating material. The fired body according to claim 4, wherein the coating material is glass, glaze, or glass and glaze. The fired body according to claim 5, wherein the glass is transparent glass and the glaze is a transparent glaze or a low-flame glaze. The fired body according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a flux is contained in the boundary edge between the ashes that are exposed and fixed on the surface of the ceramic and the coating material that covers the ashes. The fired product according to claim 7, wherein the flux is ZnO, MgO, MgCO ₃ , PbO, PbCO ₃ , or Pb ₃ O _4. A method for producing a fired body in which ashes ashes are exposed on the surface of ceramics and adhered and fixed, which comprises the following steps 1 to 3.
1. 1. Ashes and ashes and (a) flux; flux and clay; or fixative mainly consisting of flux and glaze, (b) flux and clay and glaze; or fixing agent mainly consisting of clay and glaze , Or (c) flux and glass; or an immobilizing agent mainly composed of glass, in which the weight ratio of the ashes to the immobilizing agent is 10: 0.2 to 10:40 (ashes ash: immobilizing agent). ) To obtain a main mixture from the ashes and the immobilizing agent.
2. The step of adhering the mixture to the surface of earthenware,
3. 3. A step of firing a ceramic with the mixture adhered to the surface. The flux is, _ZnO, MgO, MgCO 3, PbO, a PbCO ₃ or _Pb 3 _{O 4,} the clays are Gairome clay or kaolin, wherein the glaze is transparent glaze or a low fire of glaze, The method for producing a fired body according to claim 9, wherein the glass is transparent glass. The method for producing a fired body according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising a step of placing a coating material on the surface of the mixture adhered to the surface of earthenware. The method for producing a fired product according to claim 11, wherein the coating material is at least one selected from the group consisting of a glass plate, glass beads, glass powder, and a glaze. The method for producing a fired body according to claim 12, wherein the glass plate, glass beads, or glass powder is transparent glass, and the glaze is a transparent glaze or a low-flame glaze. The method for producing a fired product according to any one of claims 11 to 13, further comprising a step of adding a flux to the boundary edge between the mixture and the coating material. The method for producing a fired product according to claim 14, wherein the flux is ZnO, MgO, MgCO ₃ , PbO, PbCO ₃ , or Pb ₃ O _4.

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