JP2021092262A - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a one-way clutch capable of securing the concentricity of an outer ring member and an inner ring member while suppressing an increase of a width in the axial direction between the inner and outer ring members.SOLUTION: A one-way clutch 10 includes an outer ring member 14, an inner ring member 15 to be rotated relative to the outer ring member 14, a plurality of sprags 11 arranged between the outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15, slide members 16 arranged on both axial sides of the sprags 11, and a lock member 17 arranged extending in the peripheral direction between an inner peripheral face 14a of the outer ring member 14 and an outer peripheral face 16a of each of the slide members 16. In the outer peripheral face 16a of each of the slide members 16, a first peripheral groove 41 is formed extending in the peripheral direction where a portion 17a of the lock member 17 is stored. At a position corresponding to the first peripheral groove 41 in the inner peripheral face 14a of each of the outer ring members 14, a second peripheral groove 42 is formed extending in the peripheral direction where the other portion 17b of the lock member 17 is stored.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a one-way clutch.

As a conventional one-way clutch, an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of sprags arranged between the inner and outer rings, a cage for holding the plurality of sprags at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a cage provided along the cage. Some are equipped with a spring. In such a one-way clutch, when the outer ring and the inner ring rotate relatively in one direction, torque is transmitted by engaging the sprag between the inner and outer rings. When the outer ring and the inner ring rotate in relatively other directions, the sprag is disengaged from the inner and outer rings, and one of the outer ring and the inner ring idles with respect to the other, thereby interrupting torque transmission. Will be done.

In the one-way clutch, since the sprag does not mesh with the inner and outer rings in the idling state in which torque transmission is interrupted, "center misalignment" may occur in which the central axis of the outer ring and the central axis of the inner ring do not match. If this misalignment exceeds the permissible value, the sprags may not mesh uniformly with the inner and outer rings, and some sprags may roll over (overturn in the opposite direction) during torque transmission, and the desired transmission torque may not be obtained. is there. Further, in the idling state, the sprag and the spring may be pinched between the inner peripheral side of the cage and the inner ring, and the spring may be damaged.

As a countermeasure, in Patent Document 1, an end bearing is arranged between the inner and outer rings in order to secure the concentricity between the inner ring and the outer ring. The end bearing is slidably arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring on the outer side in the axial direction of the sprag. The outer ring is provided with a retaining ring (end bearing retainer) on the outer side in the axial direction of the end bearing, and the movement of the end bearing to the outer side in the axial direction is regulated by this retaining ring.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-170339

In the one-way clutch described in Patent Document 1, in order to secure the concentricity between the inner ring and the outer ring, it is necessary to arrange the end bearing and the retaining ring on the axially outer side of the sprag, and the axial direction between the inner and outer rings The width becomes wider.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is one direction in which the concentricity between the outer ring member and the inner ring member can be ensured while suppressing the width between the inner and outer ring members from becoming wider in the axial direction. The purpose is to provide a clutch.

(1) The present invention includes an outer ring member and an inner ring member, and a plurality of engaging elements arranged between the outer ring member and the inner ring member, and the outer ring member and one of the inner ring members are provided. A one-way clutch in which the other member rotates relatively, the first peripheral surface which is arranged on at least one side in the axial direction of the engager and faces the peripheral surface of the one member, and the other An annular sliding member having a second peripheral surface that slides with respect to the peripheral surface of the member, and a circumferential direction between the first peripheral surface of the sliding member and the peripheral surface of one of the members. A first peripheral groove for accommodating a part of the locking member is formed on the first peripheral surface of the sliding member so as to extend in the circumferential direction. At a position on the peripheral surface of the one member corresponding to the first peripheral groove, a second peripheral groove in which the other part of the locking member is accommodated is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction. It is a one-way clutch.

According to the present invention, since the annular sliding member is arranged between the outer ring member and the inner ring member, the concentricity between the outer ring member and the inner ring member can be ensured by the sliding member. Further, a part of the locking member is housed in the first peripheral groove formed on the first peripheral surface of the sliding member, and the second peripheral groove formed on the peripheral surface of one of the outer ring member and the inner ring member. The other part of the locking member is housed in. As a result, when the sliding member tries to move outward in the axial direction, the first peripheral groove is locked to a part of the locking member, and the other part of the locking member is locked to the second peripheral groove. Therefore, the movement of the sliding member outward in the axial direction is restricted. Therefore, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to provide a retaining ring on the outer side in the axial direction of the sliding member (end bearing), so that it is possible to suppress a widening of the width in the axial direction between the inner and outer ring members of the one-way clutch. ..

(2) The first peripheral surface of the sliding member is notched from one side in the axial direction of the sliding member for accommodating the locking member in the first peripheral groove and the second peripheral groove. Is preferably formed.
In this case, since the locking member can be accommodated in the first peripheral groove and the second peripheral groove through the notch from one side in the axial direction of the sliding member, the locking member can be accommodated in the first peripheral groove and the second peripheral groove. The work of accommodating in the peripheral groove can be easily performed.

(3) It is preferable that the plurality of locking members are arranged separately in the circumferential direction.
In this case, since the length of each locking member in the circumferential direction is shortened, the work of accommodating the locking member in the first peripheral groove and the second peripheral groove can be more easily performed.

(4) It is preferable that the same number of notches as the locking member are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first peripheral surface.
In this case, since the plurality of locking members can be accommodated in the first peripheral groove and the second peripheral groove from different notches, the work of accommodating the locking member in the first peripheral groove and the second peripheral groove is further performed. It can be done easily.

According to the present invention, it is possible to secure the concentricity between the outer ring member and the inner ring member while suppressing the width between the inner and outer ring members from becoming wider in the axial direction.

It is sectional drawing which shows the one-way clutch which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the part of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. 1 enlarged. It is sectional drawing in the paper surface vertical direction of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows the sliding member and the locking member. It is an enlarged side view which shows the work of accommodating a locking member in a 1st peripheral groove and a 2nd peripheral groove at the time of assembling a one-way clutch.

[Overall configuration of one-way clutch]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a one-way clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a part of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. 1 in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The one-way clutch 10 is used, for example, in a power transmission unit of a bicycle. In the following description, the direction parallel to the central axis C of the one-way clutch 10 is referred to as an axial direction, the direction around the central axis C is referred to as a circumferential direction, and the radial direction of the one-way clutch 10 is referred to as a radial direction. ..

The one-way clutch 10 includes an outer ring member 14, an inner ring member 15, a plurality of sprags (engagers) 11, an annular cage 12, and a spring 13. The outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15 are annular members, respectively. The outer ring member 14 is supported by a housing (not shown) via a bearing. The inner ring member 15 is integrated with a rotating body (not shown). The rotating body is rotatably supported by a bearing portion (not shown). The outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15 are relatively rotatable. In the present embodiment, the case where the inner ring member 15 rotates relative to the outer ring member 14 will be described.

The plurality of sprags 11 are arranged in the annular space 7 formed between the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14 and the outer peripheral surface 15a of the inner ring member 15. All sprags 11 have the same shape. The outer ring member 14, the inner ring member 15, the sprag 11, and the cage 12 are made of steel such as carbon steel. The spring 13 is, for example, spring steel.

The cage 12 has a pair of annular portions 31 and 32 provided on both sides of the sprag 11 in the axial direction, and a plurality of pillar portions 33 connecting both annular portions 31 and 32. A pocket 34 in which the sprag 11 is housed is formed between the annular portions 31 and 32 and between the pillar portions 33 and 33 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction (see FIGS. 2 and 3). In FIG. 3, the annular portion 32 on the other side in the axial direction is provided with a flange portion 35 extending from the end portion in the axial direction toward the outer ring member 14.

The spring 13 has an annular shape and is provided along the inner peripheral surface of the cage 12. The spring 13 is fitted on the inner peripheral side of the cage 12, whereby the spring 13 is integrated with the cage 12. The spring 13 is formed by, for example, forming a thin band-shaped member made of metal into an annular shape. The spring 13 comes into contact with the sprag 11. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 2, the spring 13 has a tongue piece portion 13a for contacting and urging the sprag 11.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sprag 11 is formed between the outer diameter 24 formed on the outer side in the radial direction, the inner diameter 25 formed on the inner side in the radial direction, and the outer diameter 24 and the inner diameter 25. It has a central portion 26 and. A stepped surface 27 is formed between the central portion 26 and the inner diameter 25 on one side of each sprag 11 in the circumferential direction. The tongue piece portion 13a of the spring 13 is in contact with the stepped surface 27.

Each sprag 11 contacts the pillar 33 of the cage 12 on the other side of the central portion 26 in the circumferential direction. In FIG. 2, the contact positions are indicated by the reference numerals “P”. The stepped surface 27 is pushed up toward the outer ring member 14 in a state where the tongue piece portion 13a is elastically deformed. The sprag 11 housed in the pocket 34 is held in a state of being sandwiched between the tongue piece portion 13a and the contact point P. The sprag 11 can swing with the contact point P as a fulcrum.

In the one-way clutch 10 having the above configuration, when the inner ring member 15 rotates in one direction (counterclockwise direction in FIGS. 1 and 2) with respect to the outer ring member 14, the outer diameter 24 of the sprag 11 becomes the outer ring member 14. The inner peripheral surface 14a of the sprag 11 is engaged, and the inner diameter 25 of the sprag 11 is engaged with the outer peripheral surface 15a of the inner ring member 15. As a result, the outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15 rotate integrally, and a "locked state" in which relative rotation is not possible is established.

On the other hand, when the inner ring member 15 rotates in the other direction (clockwise in FIGS. 1 and 2) with respect to the outer ring member 14, the biting of the outer diameter 24 and the inner diameter 25 of the sprag 11 is released. .. As a result, the inner ring member 15 idles with respect to the outer ring member 14, and is in a "free state" in which the inner ring member 15 can rotate relative to the outer ring member 14.

In the free state, since the sprag 11 does not mesh with the outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15, "center misalignment" may occur in which the central axis of the outer ring member 14 and the central axis of the inner ring member 15 do not match. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the one-way clutch 10 is a sliding member arranged between the outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15 in order to secure the concentricity between the outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15. 16 and a locking member 17 are provided.

[Sliding member]
FIG. 4 is a side view showing the sliding member 16 and the locking member 17. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the sliding member 16 is, for example, a metal annular plate member. In this embodiment, a pair of sliding members 16 are arranged close to the cage 12 on both axial sides of the sprag 11. The outer diameter of the sliding member 16 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring member 14, and the inner diameter of the sliding member 16 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring member 15. The sliding member 16 has an outer peripheral surface (first peripheral surface) 16a that slides toward the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14 and an inner peripheral surface (first peripheral surface) 16a that slides against the outer peripheral surface 15a of the inner ring member 15. Second peripheral surface) 16b and.

A first peripheral groove 41 extends in the circumferential direction at the central portion in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface 16a of the sliding member 16. A second peripheral groove 42 extends in the circumferential direction at a position corresponding to the first peripheral groove 41 of the sliding member 16 on the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14. The first peripheral groove 41 is formed, for example, in the shape of an arc in cross section, and is formed at two locations in the circumferential direction with a gap from each other. The second peripheral groove 42 is formed, for example, in an arc shape in cross section, and is formed over the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14.

[Locking member]
The locking member 17 is, for example, a metal wire having a circular cross section, and is a member that regulates the sliding member 16 from moving in the axial direction. The locking member 17 is arranged so as to extend in the circumferential direction between the first peripheral groove 41 of the outer ring member 14 and the second peripheral groove 42 of the sliding member 16. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of (here, two) locking members 17 are arranged so as to be divided in the circumferential direction. A part 17a in the radial direction of each locking member 17 is housed in the first peripheral groove 41, and the other part 17b in the radial direction of each locking member 17 is housed in the second peripheral groove 42. As a result, when the sliding member 16 tries to move in the axial direction, the first peripheral groove 41 of the sliding member 16 is locked to a part 17a of the locking member 17, and the other one of the locking member 17 is locked. By locking the portion 17b to the second peripheral groove 42 of the outer ring member 14, the movement of the sliding member 16 in the axial direction is restricted.

When the sliding member 16 is elastically deformed (shrinks in the radial direction) in the locked state (when torque is transmitted), the gap between the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14 and the outer peripheral surface 16a of the sliding member 16 is widened, whereby the gap is widened. The locking member 17 may come off from the gap. Therefore, in the maximum depth dimension R1 of the first peripheral groove 41 and the maximum depth dimension R2 of the second peripheral groove 42, the locking member 17 is the first peripheral groove 41 and the first peripheral groove 41 even if the sliding member 16 is elastically deformed. The dimensions are set so that they will not come out of the two-circle groove 42.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view showing the work of accommodating the locking member 17 in the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 when the one-way clutch 10 is assembled. In FIGS. 4 and 5, on the outer peripheral surface 16a of the sliding member 16, a locking member 17 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 16a of the sliding member 16 from the axially outer side of the sliding member 16 (opposite side to the sprag 11 side in FIG. A notch 43 for accommodating the two peripheral grooves 42 is formed. In the present embodiment, the same number of notches 43 (two in this case) as the locking members 17 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 16a of the sliding member 16.

The notch 43 is formed in an arc shape in a side view, for example, and is formed between the adjacent first peripheral grooves 41 and 41. The notch 43 is formed in an arc shape over the entire width direction of the outer peripheral surface 16a (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIGS. 4 and 5), and is open on both side surfaces 16c of the sliding member 16 in the axial direction. The maximum depth dimension R3 of the notch 43 is larger than the outer diameter dimension D of the locking member 17.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the end portion of the locking member 17 is inserted from the axially outer side of the sliding member 16 toward the first peripheral groove 41 via the notch 43, thereby forming the first circumference. The locking member 17 can be accommodated in the groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42. As shown in FIG. 4, the length of the locking member 17 in the longitudinal direction is formed to be slightly longer than the length of the first peripheral groove 41 in the circumferential direction. The two locking members 17 are housed in the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 through different notches 43.

As described above, according to the one-way clutch 10 of the present embodiment, since the annular sliding member 16 is arranged between the outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15, the sliding member 16 causes the outer ring member 14 and the inner ring member 15 to be connected. Concentricity can be ensured. Further, a part 17a of the locking member 17 is housed in the first peripheral groove 41 formed on the outer peripheral surface 16a of the sliding member 16, and the second peripheral groove 42 formed on the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14 accommodates the part 17a. The other part 17b of the locking member 17 is accommodated. As a result, when the sliding member 16 tries to move outward in the axial direction, the first peripheral groove 41 is locked to a part 17a of the locking member 17, and the other part 17b of the locking member 17 is third. Since it is locked in the two peripheral groove 42, the movement of the sliding member 16 outward in the axial direction is restricted. Therefore, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to provide a retaining ring on the outer side in the axial direction of the sliding member (end bearing), so that the width in the axial direction between the inner and outer ring members 15 and 14 of the one-way clutch 10 is suppressed. can do.

Further, since the locking member 17 can be accommodated in the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 from the outside in the axial direction of the sliding member 16 via the notch 43, the locking member 17 can be accommodated in the first peripheral groove 41. The work of accommodating in the groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 can be easily performed.

Further, since the plurality of locking members 17 are divided and arranged in the circumferential direction, the length of each locking member 17 in the circumferential direction can be shortened. As a result, the work of accommodating the locking member 17 in the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 can be performed more easily.

Further, the same number of notches 43 as the locking member 17 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 16a of the sliding member 16. As a result, the plurality of locking members 17 can be accommodated in the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 from different notches 43, so that the locking member 17 can be accommodated in the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove. The work of accommodating in 42 can be performed more easily.

[Other]
The embodiments disclosed as described above are exemplary in all respects and are not restrictive. For example, the sliding member 16 is not limited to the cross-sectional shape of the above embodiment, and may be formed, for example, in a U-shaped cross section. Further, the sliding member 16 of the above embodiment slides on the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14 and the outer peripheral surface 15a of the inner ring member 15, respectively, but slides on the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring member 14. You don't have to move. Further, although the sliding member 16 and the locking member 17 of the above embodiment are made of metal, they may be made of synthetic resin.

Although the sliding members 16 of the above embodiment are arranged on both sides of the sprag 11 in the axial direction, they may be arranged only on one side of the sprag 11 in the axial direction. Further, a rolling bearing may be arranged instead of the sliding member 16 arranged on one side in the axial direction or the other side in the axial direction of the sprag 11. However, in that case, it is necessary to accumulate the dimensional accuracy of the outer ring and the dimensional accuracy of the inner ring of the rolling bearing, which increases the cost. Therefore, from the viewpoint of cost reduction, the sliding member 16 is used as in the above embodiment. preferable.

The cross-sectional shapes of the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be formed, for example, in a concave cross section. The number of the first peripheral groove 41, the notch 43, and the locking member 17 is not limited to the above embodiment. The notch 43 of the above embodiment is open to the side surfaces 16c on both sides in the axial direction of the sliding member 16, but it may be open to at least the side surface 16c on the outer side in the axial direction. Further, instead of the notch 43 of the sliding member 16, a hole penetrating in the radial direction is formed in the outer ring member 14, and the locking member 17 is inserted through the hole to insert the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42. May be housed in.

The present invention can be applied not only to a one-way clutch 10 using a sprag 11 as an engager, but also to a one-way clutch using a roller as an engager. The present invention also applies to a one-way clutch in which the outer ring member 14 rotates relative to the inner ring member 15, in addition to the one-way clutch 10 in which the inner ring member 15 rotates relative to the outer ring member 14. be able to. In that case, the first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 are formed on the inner peripheral surface 16b of the sliding member 16 and the outer peripheral surface 15a of the inner ring member 15, respectively, and these first peripheral groove 41 and the second peripheral groove 42 are formed. The locking member 17 may be accommodated and arranged in the space.

10: One-way clutch 11: Sprag (engager) 14: Outer ring member (one member)
14a: Inner peripheral surface (peripheral surface) 15: Inner ring member (other member) 15a: Outer peripheral surface (peripheral surface)
16: Sliding member 16a: Outer peripheral surface (first peripheral surface) 16b: Inner peripheral surface (second peripheral surface)
17: Locking member 17a: Part 17b: Other part 41: First peripheral groove 42: Second peripheral groove 43: Notch

Claims (4)

The outer ring member and the inner ring member are provided with a plurality of engaging elements arranged between the outer ring member and the inner ring member, and the other member is relative to one of the outer ring member and the inner ring member. It is a one-way clutch that rotates in a positive manner.
It has a first peripheral surface that is arranged on at least one side of the engaging element in the axial direction and faces the peripheral surface of the one member, and a second peripheral surface that slides with respect to the peripheral surface of the other member. An annular sliding member and
A locking member that extends in the circumferential direction between the first peripheral surface of the sliding member and the peripheral surface of one of the members is provided.
On the first peripheral surface of the sliding member, a first peripheral groove in which a part of the locking member is housed is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction.
At a position on the peripheral surface of the one member corresponding to the first peripheral groove, a second peripheral groove in which the other part of the locking member is accommodated is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction. Directional clutch. A notch for accommodating the locking member in the first peripheral groove and the second peripheral groove is formed on the first peripheral surface of the sliding member from one side in the axial direction of the sliding member. The one-way clutch according to claim 1. The one-way clutch according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of locking members are arranged separately in the circumferential direction. The one-way clutch according to claim 3, wherein the same number of notches as the locking member are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first peripheral surface.

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