JP2021041380A - Distillation separating device and method for tcb - Google Patents
Distillation separating device and method for tcb Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、TCBの蒸留分離装置及び方法に関し、詳しくは、PCB汚染機器を抜油洗浄して発生した、TCB入りのPCBから、TCBを分離除去するTCBの蒸留分離装置及び方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a TCB distillation separation device and a method, and more particularly to a TCB distillation separation device and a method for separating and removing a TCB from a PCB containing a TCB generated by degreasing and cleaning a PCB-contaminated device.
PCB(ポリ塩化ビフェニル)は、安定性、不燃性、電気絶縁性に優れていることから、コンデンサやトランス等の電気機器の絶縁油に多用されていたが、後に、その難分解性と毒性とが明らかとなり新たな使用が禁じられている。 PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) has been widely used as an insulating oil for electrical equipment such as capacitors and transformers because of its excellent stability, nonflammability, and electrical insulation. Has become clear and new use is prohibited.
PCBを含有する絶縁油が既に含まれているコンデンサやトランス等のPCB汚染機器については回収措置がとられ、特別な施設において無害化処理が実施されている。 PCB-contaminated equipment such as capacitors and transformers that already contain PCB-containing insulating oil have been recovered and detoxified in special facilities.
特許文献1には、PCB含有絶縁油を含む機器を洗浄油で洗浄するための洗浄部と、洗浄によって生じたPCB含有洗浄油を蒸留して再生洗浄油を作製するための蒸留再生部とを有し、PCB含有洗浄油をPCB含有洗浄油よりもPCB濃度の低い留出液とPCB濃度の高い缶出液とに分離するための蒸留塔が蒸留再生部に備えられているPCB汚染機器無害化設備の解体方法が開示されている。 Patent Document 1 includes a cleaning unit for cleaning equipment containing PCB-containing insulating oil with cleaning oil, and a distillation regeneration unit for distilling PCB-containing cleaning oil generated by cleaning to produce regenerated cleaning oil. PCB-contaminated equipment that has a distillation tower for separating the PCB-containing cleaning oil into a distillate having a lower PCB concentration and a canned liquid having a higher PCB concentration than the PCB-containing cleaning oil is harmless. The method of dismantling the chemical equipment is disclosed.
特許文献2には、特許文献1で用いた蒸留塔を効率良く無害化して解体する方法が開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses a method of efficiently detoxifying and disassembling the distillation column used in Patent Document 1.
しかし、この特許文献1及び2の無害化施設では、PCBにTCBが混在することを考慮していないので、TCBの除去手法について全く考慮されていない。 However, in the detoxification facilities of Patent Documents 1 and 2, since TCB is not considered to be mixed in PCB, the method of removing TCB is not considered at all.
TCBはそれ自体毒性があるわけではないので、処理する必要性がなければ処理しないのが従来の常識であり、特許文献1,2においても、全く考慮されていない。 Since TCB is not toxic by itself, it is a conventional wisdom that it is not treated unless it is necessary to treat it, and it is not considered at all in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
本発明者は、自らの脱塩素化処理プロセスにおいて、パラジウム触媒を用いているが、TCBがPCBに混在している場合には、そのTCBの存在によってパラジウム消費量が大幅に増加する問題があり、その結果、処理プラント自体が高騰になるという重大な問題があった。 The present inventor uses a palladium catalyst in his / her dechlorination process, but when TCB is mixed in PCB, there is a problem that palladium consumption is significantly increased due to the presence of the TCB. As a result, there was a serious problem that the processing plant itself became soaring.
そこで、本発明は、PCBに含まれるTCBを極限まで除去できるので、PCBの脱塩素化処理における触媒使用量を低減でき、無害化設備のコストを低下させることができるTCBの蒸留分離装置及び方法を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, according to the present invention, since the TCB contained in the PCB can be removed to the utmost limit, the amount of catalyst used in the dechlorination treatment of the PCB can be reduced, and the cost of the detoxification equipment can be reduced. The challenge is to provide.
本発明の他の課題は、以下の記載によって明らかとなる。 Other problems of the present invention will be clarified by the following description.
以下、本発明の課題は、以下の各発明によって解決される。 Hereinafter, the subject of the present invention will be solved by each of the following inventions.
(請求項1)
PCB、TCB、洗浄油及び水を含む処理物を受け入れて洗浄を行う抜油洗浄部と、
該抜油洗浄部から排出される抜油とPCB含有洗浄油を蒸留分離して、水を含む留出液と、濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液に分離する水分離塔と、
前記水分離塔の蒸留によって生じる濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液を、蒸留によって、留出液と缶出液に分離する洗浄油回収塔とを備え、
該洗浄油回収塔の留出液は、洗浄油を含み、該洗浄油を再生洗浄油として前記抜油洗浄部に送り、該洗浄油回収塔の缶出液は、濃PCB及びTCBを含み、
濃PCB及びTCBを含む前記洗浄油回収塔の缶出液を、TCBを含む留出液と、PCBを含む缶出液に蒸留分離するTCB分離塔を備えることを特徴とする処理物から排出されるPCB含有洗浄油に含まれるTCBの蒸留分離装置。
(請求項2)
PCB、TCB、洗浄油及び水を含む処理物を抜油洗浄部に受け入れて洗浄を行い、
次いで、該抜油洗浄部から排出される抜油とPCB含有洗浄油を水分離塔に受け入れて、水を含む留出液と、濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液に蒸留分離し、
次いで、前記水分離塔の蒸留によって生じる濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液を、洗浄油回収塔に受け入れ、蒸留によって、留出液と缶出液に分離すると共に、該洗浄油回収塔の留出液は、洗浄油を含み、該洗浄油を再生洗浄油として前記抜油洗浄部に送り、該洗浄油回収塔の缶出液は、濃PCB及びTCBを含み、
次いで、濃PCB及びTCBを含む前記洗浄油回収塔の缶出液を、TCB分離塔に受け入れ、TCBを含む留出液と、PCBを含む缶出液に蒸留分離することを特徴とする処理物から排出されるPCB含有洗浄油に含まれるTCBの蒸留分離方法。
(Claim 1)
An oil-draining cleaning unit that accepts and cleans processed products containing PCB, TCB, cleaning oil, and water.
A water separation tower that distills and separates the degreased oil discharged from the degreasing cleaning section and the PCB-containing cleaning oil into a distillate containing water and a can distillate containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil.
It is provided with a cleaning oil recovery tower that separates canned liquor containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil generated by distillation of the water separation tower into distillate and canned liquor by distillation.
The distillate of the cleaning oil recovery tower contains cleaning oil, and the cleaning oil is sent to the oil removal cleaning unit as regenerated cleaning oil, and the canned liquid of the cleaning oil recovery tower contains concentrated PCB and TCB.
Discharged from a processed product comprising a TCB separation tower that distills and separates the canned liquid of the cleaning oil recovery tower containing concentrated PCB and TCB into a distillate containing TCB and a canned liquid containing PCB. Distillation separation device for TCB contained in PCB-containing cleaning oil.
(Claim 2)
Processed products containing PCB, TCB, cleaning oil and water are accepted into the degreasing cleaning unit for cleaning.
Next, the degreased oil discharged from the degreasing cleaning section and the PCB-containing cleaning oil are received in a water separation tower, and distilled and separated into a distillate containing water and a can distillate containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil.
Next, the canned liquid containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil generated by the distillation of the water separation tower is received in the cleaning oil recovery tower, separated into the distillate and the canned liquid by distillation, and the cleaning oil is recovered. The distillate of the column contains cleaning oil, and the cleaning oil is sent to the oil removal cleaning unit as regenerated cleaning oil, and the canned solution of the cleaning oil recovery tower contains concentrated PCB and TCB.
Next, the processed product is characterized in that the canned liquid of the cleaning oil recovery tower containing concentrated PCB and TCB is received in the TCB separation tower and distilled and separated into a distillate containing TCB and a canned liquid containing PCB. A method for distilling and separating TCB contained in PCB-containing cleaning oil discharged from.
本発明によれば、PCBに含まれるTCBを極限まで除去できるので、PCBの脱塩素化処理における触媒使用量を低減でき、無害化設備のコストを低下させることができる、処理物から排出されるPCB含有洗浄油に含まれるTCBの蒸留分離装置及び方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, since TCB contained in PCB can be removed to the utmost limit, the amount of catalyst used in the dechlorination treatment of PCB can be reduced, and the cost of detoxification equipment can be reduced. A distillation separation device and method for TCB contained in a PCB-containing cleaning oil can be provided.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図1は、TCBの蒸留分離方法を実施するための装置の一例を示す処理フロー図である。 FIG. 1 is a processing flow chart showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the distillation separation method of TCB.
図1において、1は処理物であり、抜油洗浄部2に送られる。 In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a processed product, which is sent to the oil removal cleaning unit 2.
抜油洗浄部2を構成する装置は、抜油装置と粗洗浄装置の二つの機能を備える。抜油装置は、処理対象物を受け入れることができれば、一つの装置であっても、複数の装置であってもよい。 The device constituting the oil removal cleaning unit 2 has two functions of an oil removal device and a rough cleaning device. The degreasing device may be one device or a plurality of devices as long as it can accept the object to be processed.
処理物1は、例えば老朽化してPCBが漏洩するおそれがあるトランスやコンデンサ、漏洩するおそれのない大型のトランスやコンデンサ、小型のトランスやコンデンサが挙げられる。抜油を行うに際しては、例えばトランスなどのケーシングに開けた孔から内部のPCBやTCB含有絶縁油を抜取る。抜油装置には、大型抜油室、漏洩品抜油室、小型抜油室を備えることが好ましい。
上記処理物から抜油を行った後、洗浄装置によって洗浄を行う。具体的には、洗浄油でトランスやコンデンサの内部を洗浄する。
Examples of the processed object 1 include transformers and capacitors that are aged and may leak PCBs, large transformers and capacitors that do not leak, and small transformers and capacitors. When draining oil, for example, the internal PCB or TCB-containing insulating oil is drained from a hole made in a casing such as a transformer. The oil removal device preferably includes a large oil removal chamber, a leaked product oil removal chamber, and a small oil removal chamber.
After draining the oil from the processed product, it is washed with a washing device. Specifically, the inside of the transformer or capacitor is cleaned with cleaning oil.
洗浄油としては、TCB類似物質であることが好ましく、炭化水素系高機能洗浄剤が例示され、例えば、HC−250(東ソー社製)、NSクリーン220(JXTGエネルギー社製)が例示できる。これ以外にも、HC−250相当品、NSクリーン220相当品であってもよく、沸点がTCBより低く、処理物1の洗浄に際し、処理物の内部に付着したPCBを剥離できるものであればよい。 The cleaning oil is preferably a TCB-like substance, and examples thereof include hydrocarbon-based high-performance cleaning agents, such as HC-250 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) and NS Clean 220 (manufactured by JXTG Energy Co., Ltd.). In addition to this, HC-250 equivalent products and NS Clean 220 equivalent products may be used, as long as they have a boiling point lower than that of TCB and can peel off PCB adhering to the inside of the processed product 1 when cleaning the processed product 1. Good.
なお、抜油洗浄部2によって、内部洗浄されたトランスをケーシングと内部機器などに図示しない粗解体装置によって解体する。
抜油洗浄部2によって抜油し、洗浄された後、図示しないが複数に分岐される。
本実施の形態では、処理物1を抜油洗浄部2に受け入れて洗浄を行い、PCB、TCB、洗浄油及び水を含むPCB含有洗浄油が発生する。
The oil-draining cleaning unit 2 disassembles the internally cleaned transformer by a rough disassembling device (not shown) on the casing and internal equipment.
After the oil is drained and washed by the oil draining cleaning unit 2, it is branched into a plurality of parts (not shown).
In the present embodiment, the processed product 1 is received by the oil-draining cleaning unit 2 for cleaning, and PCB-containing cleaning oil containing PCB, TCB, cleaning oil and water is generated.
その抜油洗浄部2から排出される抜油とPCB含有洗浄油を、水分離塔3に受け入れて、蒸留分離して、留出液と、缶出液とが得られる。缶出液には、濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む。留出液には、水を含む。 The degreased oil discharged from the degreasing cleaning unit 2 and the PCB-containing cleaning oil are received in the water separation tower 3 and distilled and separated to obtain a distillate and a can distillate. The canned liquid contains concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil. The distillate contains water.
缶出液は、洗浄油回収塔4に送られ、濃PCB及びTCBを含む缶出液と、洗浄油を含む留出液に分離される。例えば、PCBのbp(沸点)は360〜390℃、TCBのbpは210℃、洗浄油(HC−250)のbpは170℃であるから、洗浄油回収塔4の分離温度を180℃に設定すると、洗浄油は、留出液中に分離され、濃PCB及びTCBは缶出液中に分離される。 The canned liquid is sent to the cleaning oil recovery tower 4 and separated into a canned liquid containing concentrated PCB and TCB and a distillate containing cleaning oil. For example, since the bp (boiling point) of PCB is 360 to 390 ° C, the bp of TCB is 210 ° C, and the bp of cleaning oil (HC-250) is 170 ° C, the separation temperature of the cleaning oil recovery tower 4 is set to 180 ° C. Then, the cleaning oil is separated into the distillate, and the concentrated PCB and TCB are separated into the canned liquid.
洗浄油回収塔4の留出液は、洗浄油回収塔環流槽5に送られ、その後、洗浄油中間槽6に送られる。一方で、洗浄油中間槽6には、新規な洗浄油が洗浄油供給槽7から必要量供給され、洗浄油中間槽6から該洗浄油を再生洗浄油として前記抜油洗浄部2に送る。
The distillate from the cleaning oil recovery tower 4 is sent to the cleaning oil recovery
該洗浄油回収塔4の缶出液は、濃PCB及びTCBを含み、トランス油受槽8に送られる。
The canned liquid of the cleaning oil recovery tower 4 contains concentrated PCB and TCB, and is sent to the transformer oil receiving
トランス油受槽8に送られた濃PCB及びTCBを含む缶出液は、TCB分離塔9で、TCBを含む留出液と、PCBを含む缶出液に蒸留分離される。
The canned liquid containing concentrated PCB and TCB sent to the transformer oil receiving
TCBを含む留出液は、TCB分離塔環流槽10に送られ、その一部は外部に排出されるが、必要により、抜油洗浄部2の洗浄によって生じたPCB含有洗浄油に混合させ、再度分離蒸留させるようにしてもよい。
The distillate containing TCB is sent to the TCB separation
またPCBを含む缶出液は、わずかにTCBを含む可能性があるので、第1蒸留塔11に送られ、PCBを含む缶出液と、微量のTCBを含む留出液に蒸留分離される。
Further, since the canned liquid containing PCB may contain a small amount of TCB, it is sent to the
第1蒸留塔11で得られた留出液は、第1蒸留塔環流槽12に送られ、その一部は外部に排出してもよいし、トランス油受槽8に戻して、再度蒸留に供してもよい。
The distillate obtained in the
また、PCBを含む缶出液は、脱塩素化設備に送られ、PCBから塩素を除去し、生成物としてビフェニルが得られる。本実施形態において、PCBを含む缶出液には、パラジウム触媒を余分に消費するような量のTCBは含まれていない。 Further, the canned liquid containing the PCB is sent to a dechlorination facility to remove chlorine from the PCB, and biphenyl is obtained as a product. In the present embodiment, the canned liquid containing PCB does not contain an amount of TCB that consumes an extra palladium catalyst.
図2は、従来装置の処理フロー図である。
図2に示す従来装置には、本発明において極めて重要なPCBとTCBの分離装置が設けられていない。分離する必要がないからである。その理由は後述する。
FIG. 2 is a processing flow diagram of the conventional device.
The conventional device shown in FIG. 2 is not provided with a PCB and TCB separating device, which is extremely important in the present invention. This is because there is no need to separate them. The reason will be described later.
図2において、抜油洗浄部100から排出される抜油とPCB含有洗浄油を、第1蒸留塔101に受け入れて、蒸留分離する。
In FIG. 2, the degreased oil discharged from the
留出液には、微量のPCB、TCB及び洗浄油及び水を含む。また缶出液には、濃いPCB、わずかの洗浄油を含む。 The distillate contains trace amounts of PCB, TCB and cleaning oil and water. The canned liquid also contains a thick PCB and a small amount of cleaning oil.
この濃いPCB、わずかの洗浄油を含む缶出液は脱塩素化設備103に送られる。
The canned out liquid containing this concentrated PCB and a small amount of cleaning oil is sent to the
微量のPCB、TCB及び洗浄油及び水を含む留出液は、第2蒸留塔104に送られ、缶出液には、濃いPCBを含む。留出液には、TCB及び洗浄油及び水を含み、この留出液は、再生洗浄油として、抜油洗浄部100又は第1蒸留塔101に送られ、再利用される。
The distillate containing a trace amount of PCB, TCB and cleaning oil and water is sent to the
従って、従来装置の処理フローでは、TCBはどんどん濃縮されることになり、TCBとPCBの濃度が変動し、組成分の沸点変動が生じ、PCBとTCBの分離は非常に難しくなる。 Therefore, in the processing flow of the conventional apparatus, TCB is concentrated more and more, the concentrations of TCB and PCB fluctuate, the boiling point of the composition fluctuates, and the separation of PCB and TCB becomes very difficult.
この従来装置では、PCB含有洗浄油やPCB含有スクラバー油を脱ハロゲン化処理するためのナトリウム分散体を貯留するナトリウム分散体槽を備えている。さらに、脱ハロゲン化部には、PCB含有洗浄油やPCB含有スクラバー油とナトリウム分散体とを反応させて脱ハロゲン化処理するための反応槽を備えている。 This conventional device includes a sodium dispersion tank for storing a sodium dispersion for dehalogenating the PCB-containing cleaning oil and the PCB-containing scrubber oil. Further, the dehalogenation section is provided with a reaction tank for reacting a PCB-containing cleaning oil or a PCB-containing scrubber oil with a sodium dispersion to perform a dehalogenation treatment.
また従来装置では、反応槽で脱ハロゲン化処理され、未反応なナトリウム分散体や、塩化ナトリウムや、脱ハロゲン化済の油分が混合された混合液を固液分離するための固液分離装置を備えている。 Further, in the conventional device, a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation of an unreacted sodium dispersion, a mixed solution containing sodium chloride and dehalogenated oil, which has been dehalogenated in a reaction vessel, is provided. I have.
この従来の脱ハロゲン化部では、パラジウム触媒を用いた脱塩素化は行っていない。 In this conventional dehalogenation section, dechlorination using a palladium catalyst is not performed.
従って、図2に示す従来装置では、TCBの分離を考慮する必要もないことが理解できるであろう。 Therefore, it can be understood that in the conventional apparatus shown in FIG. 2, it is not necessary to consider the separation of TCB.
1 :処理物
2 :抜油洗浄部
3 :水分離塔
4 :洗浄油回収塔
5 :洗浄回収塔環流槽
6 :洗浄油中間槽
7 :洗浄油供給槽
8 :トランス油受槽
9 :TCB分離塔
10 :TCB分離塔環流槽
11 :第1蒸留塔
12 :第1蒸留塔環流槽
100 :抜油洗浄部
101 :第1蒸留塔
103 :脱塩素化設備
104 :第2蒸留塔
1: Processed product 2: Degreasing and cleaning unit 3: Water separation tower 4: Cleaning oil recovery tower 5: Cleaning and recovery tower Recirculation tank 6: Cleaning oil intermediate tank 7: Cleaning oil supply tank 8: Trans oil receiving tank 9: TCB separation tower 10 : TCB Separation Tower Recirculation Tank 11: 1st Distillation Tower 12: 1st Distillation Tower Recirculation Tank 100: Degreasing Cleaning Unit 101: 1st Distillation Tower 103: Dechlorination Equipment 104: 2nd Distillation Tower
Claims (2)
該抜油洗浄部から排出される抜油とPCB含有洗浄油を蒸留分離して、水を含む留出液と、濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液に分離する水分離塔と、
前記水分離塔の蒸留によって生じる濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液を、蒸留によって、留出液と缶出液に分離する洗浄油回収塔とを備え、
該洗浄油回収塔の留出液は、洗浄油を含み、該洗浄油を再生洗浄油として前記抜油洗浄部に送り、該洗浄油回収塔の缶出液は、濃PCB及びTCBを含み、
濃PCB及びTCBを含む前記洗浄油回収塔の缶出液を、TCBを含む留出液と、PCBを含む缶出液に蒸留分離するTCB分離塔を備えることを特徴とする処理物から排出されるPCB含有洗浄油に含まれるTCBの蒸留分離装置。 An oil-draining cleaning unit that accepts and cleans processed products containing PCB, TCB, cleaning oil, and water.
A water separation tower that distills and separates the degreased oil discharged from the degreasing cleaning section and the PCB-containing cleaning oil into a distillate containing water and a can distillate containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil.
It is provided with a cleaning oil recovery tower that separates canned liquor containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil generated by distillation of the water separation tower into distillate and canned liquor by distillation.
The distillate of the cleaning oil recovery tower contains cleaning oil, and the cleaning oil is sent to the oil removal cleaning unit as regenerated cleaning oil, and the canned liquid of the cleaning oil recovery tower contains concentrated PCB and TCB.
Discharged from a processed product comprising a TCB separation tower that distills and separates the canned liquid of the cleaning oil recovery tower containing concentrated PCB and TCB into a distillate containing TCB and a canned liquid containing PCB. Distillation separation device for TCB contained in PCB-containing cleaning oil.
次いで、該抜油洗浄部から排出される抜油とPCB含有洗浄油を水分離塔に受け入れて、水を含む留出液と、濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液に蒸留分離し、
次いで、前記水分離塔の蒸留によって生じる濃PCB、TCB及び洗浄油を含む缶出液を、洗浄油回収塔に受け入れ、蒸留によって、留出液と缶出液に分離すると共に、該洗浄油回収塔の留出液は、洗浄油を含み、該洗浄油を再生洗浄油として前記抜油洗浄部に送り、該洗浄油回収塔の缶出液は、濃PCB及びTCBを含み、
次いで、濃PCB及びTCBを含む前記洗浄油回収塔の缶出液を、TCB分離塔に受け入れ、TCBを含む留出液と、PCBを含む缶出液に蒸留分離することを特徴とする処理物から排出されるPCB含有洗浄油に含まれるTCBの蒸留分離方法。 Processed products containing PCB, TCB, cleaning oil and water are accepted into the degreasing cleaning unit for cleaning.
Next, the degreased oil discharged from the degreasing cleaning section and the PCB-containing cleaning oil are received in a water separation tower, and distilled and separated into a distillate containing water and a can distillate containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil.
Next, the canned liquid containing concentrated PCB, TCB and cleaning oil generated by the distillation of the water separation tower is received in the cleaning oil recovery tower, separated into the distillate and the canned liquid by distillation, and the cleaning oil is recovered. The distillate of the column contains cleaning oil, and the cleaning oil is sent to the oil removal cleaning unit as regenerated cleaning oil, and the canned solution of the cleaning oil recovery tower contains concentrated PCB and TCB.
Next, the processed product is characterized in that the canned liquid of the cleaning oil recovery tower containing concentrated PCB and TCB is received in the TCB separation tower and distilled and separated into a distillate containing TCB and a canned liquid containing PCB. A method for distilling and separating TCB contained in PCB-containing cleaning oil discharged from.
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