JP2021038632A - Eaves - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide eaves capable of effectively using solar energy.SOLUTION: Eaves 10 attached to an outer wall 102 of a building includes: an upper panel 11 and a lower panel 12 having light transmissivity; and multiple solar cell modules 14 alternately formed in a predetermined direction at least two principal planes of the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an eaves provided on an outer wall of a building, and more particularly to an eaves provided with a solar cell module.

Conventionally, eaves equipped with a solar cell module (solar panel) are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-59361

As described in Patent Document 1, when the solar cell module is provided over the entire upper surface of the eaves, it is possible to convert the solar radiation into electrical energy while preventing the solar heat from entering the room in the summer when the solar altitude is high. , Energy efficiency can be improved. On the other hand, in winter when the solar altitude is low, it is desirable to take in the solar heat into the room to increase the solar heat acquisition rate from the viewpoint of energy efficiency, but the solar cell module blocks the solar heat that is desired to be taken into the room. There are challenges.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an eaves capable of effectively utilizing solar energy.

In order to solve the above problems, an eave of an aspect of the present invention is an eave provided on an outer wall of a building, which is a translucent one or a plurality of panels and one or a plurality of panels. At least two main surfaces include a plurality of solar cell modules arranged alternately in a predetermined direction.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an eave that can effectively utilize solar energy.

It is schematic cross-sectional view for demonstrating the eaves which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are diagrams for explaining the action of the eaves according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is schematic cross-sectional view for demonstrating the eaves which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is schematic cross-sectional view for demonstrating the eaves which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the eaves which concerns on 1st Embodiment in more detail. It is a figure for demonstrating the distance α between ends. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the solar zenith angle and the opening degree in the eaves which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the width | opening degree of the solar cell module in the eaves which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is schematic cross-sectional view for demonstrating the eaves which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings based on preferred embodiments. The same or equivalent components and members shown in the drawings shall be designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted as appropriate. In addition, the dimensions of the members in each drawing are shown enlarged or reduced as appropriate for easy understanding. In addition, some of the members that are not important for explaining the embodiment in each drawing are omitted and displayed. In addition, when terms such as "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" are used in the present specification, they are used. It means the direction in the posture when the eaves are installed in the building.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The eaves 10 are provided above the opening 100 of the building in which the window glass 101 is arranged so as to project laterally from the outer wall 102.

As shown in FIG. 1, the eaves 10 includes a translucent upper panel 11 and a lower panel 12. The upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12 may be made of glass or may be made of resin (for example, made of polycarbonate or acrylic).

The lower surface 11b of the upper panel 11 and the upper surface 12a of the lower panel 12 are adhered to each other via the intermediate layer 13. That is, the eaves 10 is configured as a laminated panel in which two panels are bonded together. The intermediate layer 13 may be formed of, for example, PVB (polyvinyl butyral).

In FIG. 1, the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12 extend in the horizontal direction, but are installed so as to have a downward slope in the protruding direction P of the eaves 10 (that is, the direction from the root portion 20 to the tip portion 21). May be done.

The eaves 10 according to the present embodiment further includes a plurality of solar cell modules 14. The solar cell module 14 forms a strip in which a plurality of solar cell cells are arranged in a row in the horizontal direction. A solar cell is configured to convert solar energy into electric power by utilizing the photovoltaic effect. A plurality of solar cells are electrically connected in series so as to obtain a required predetermined voltage.

A plurality of solar cell modules 14 are arranged on the upper surface 11a of the upper panel 11 at predetermined intervals in the protruding direction P. Further, a plurality of solar cell modules 14 are also arranged in the intermediate layer 13 at predetermined intervals in the protruding direction P. Further, a plurality of solar cell modules 14 are also arranged on the lower surface 12b of the lower panel 12 at predetermined intervals in the protruding direction P. Each solar cell module 14 may be arranged so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the projecting direction P of the eaves 10, or may be arranged so as to extend in a direction inclined with respect to the vertical direction. Good. The solar cell module 14 may be attached by a known attachment method such as an adhesive or double-sided tape. The electric power generated by each solar cell module 14 is taken out to the outside via a lead wire (not shown).

In the eaves 10 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell modules 14 are alternately placed on the upper surface 11a of the upper panel 11, the intermediate layer 13, and the lower surface 12b of the lower panel 12 in the projecting direction P. It is formed. For example, focusing on one solar cell module 14a arranged on the lower surface 12b of the lower panel 12, the solar cell module 14b is formed at a portion of the intermediate layer 13 shifted in the protruding direction P from the solar cell module 14a, and the solar cell module 14b is formed. A plurality of solar cell modules 14 are arranged such that the solar cell module 14c is formed at a portion of the upper surface 11a of the upper panel 11 that is deviated from the battery module 14b in the protruding direction P.

The positions of the solar cell modules 14 on the upper surface 11a of the upper panel 11, the intermediate layer 13, and the lower surface 12b of the lower panel 12 are the solar altitude, direction, and total thickness of the eaves 10 in each area where the eaves 10 are installed. The optimum position can be calculated from the refractive index of the panel and the like.

2 (a) and 2 (b) are diagrams for explaining the operation of the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows a usage state in summer, and FIG. 2B shows a usage state in winter. Photovoltaic SL is illustrated in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).

As shown in FIG. 2A, in the summer when the solar altitude is relatively high, most of the solar SL is blocked by the solar cell module 14, and the sunlight directly enters the inside of the window glass 101 (that is, the indoor side). Do not fit. Further, since the energy of the blocked solar SL is converted into electric power by the solar cell module 14, the heat generated by the solar SL is hardly transferred to the indoor side. As described above, according to the eaves 10 according to the present embodiment, the solar heat acquisition rate can be relatively low in the summer.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, in winter when the solar altitude is relatively low, some of the solar SLs are blocked by the solar cell module 14, but the remaining solar SLs are directly directed to the indoor side of the building. Can be captured. In this way, the solar heat acquisition rate can be relatively high in winter.

As described above, according to the eaves 10 according to the present embodiment, solar energy is effective according to changes in the solar altitude depending on the seasons of summer and winter without performing mechanical operations such as moving the eaves 10. Can be used for.

Further, according to the eaves 10 according to the present embodiment, in the winter, the solar heat to be taken into the room can be efficiently taken in without being converted, and in the summer, the solar power can be generated while blocking the solar heat to be blocked. Because it can be done, solar energy can be used efficiently.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the eaves 30 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The eaves 30 shown in FIG. 3 includes a translucent upper panel 11 and a lower panel 12 and a spacer 32 arranged at predetermined intervals. The eaves 30 is configured as a multi-layer panel in which a space 34 is provided between a pair of upper panels 11 and lower panels 12 by a spacer 32, and dry air is sealed in the space 34.

In the eaves 30 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of solar cell modules 14 are the upper surface 11a of the upper panel 11, the lower surface 11b of the upper panel 11, the upper surface 12a of the lower panel 12, and the lower side. The lower surface 12b of the panel 12 is alternately formed in the protruding direction P.

In the eaves 30 according to the present embodiment, the arrangement surface of the solar cell module 14 can be increased by one by providing the space 34 between the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12. As a result, the solar energy can be utilized more efficiently as compared with the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment in which the arrangement surface of the solar cell module 14 is three surfaces.

(Third Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the eaves 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The eaves 40 shown in FIG. 4 includes a single translucent panel 41. In the eaves 40 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of solar cell modules 14 are alternately formed on the upper surface 41a of the panel 41 and the lower surface 41b of the panel 41 in the protruding direction P.

Even with the eaves 40 according to the present embodiment, in winter, the solar heat to be taken into the room can be efficiently taken in without being converted, and in summer, solar power can be generated while blocking the solar heat to be blocked. Solar energy can be used efficiently. In particular, since the eaves 40 according to the present embodiment uses a single panel 41, there is an advantage that the cost can be reduced.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment in more detail. As described above, the eaves 10 is a laminated panel in which the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12 are adhered to each other via the intermediate layer 13. In the eaves 10, a plurality of solar cell modules 14 are arranged on the upper surface 11a of the upper panel 11 at predetermined intervals in the protruding direction P (first layer 51). Further, a plurality of solar cell modules 14 are also arranged in the intermediate layer 13 at predetermined intervals in the protruding direction P (second layer 52). Further, a plurality of solar cell modules 14 are also arranged on the lower surface 12b of the lower panel 12 at predetermined intervals in the protruding direction P (third layer 53). In the eaves 10, the solar cell modules 14 are alternately arranged on the upper surface 11a of the upper panel 11, the intermediate layer 13, and the lower surface 12b of the lower panel 12 in the protruding direction P. In the eaves 10, the widths of the solar cell modules 14 (widths in the protruding direction P) are all the same.

FIG. 5 illustrates the solar SL in summer and winter. The solar zenith angle in summer is represented by θs, and the solar zenith angle in winter is represented by θw. As shown in FIG. 5, most of the solar SL is blocked by the solar cell module 14 in the summer when the solar altitude is relatively high. On the other hand, in winter when the solar altitude is relatively low, some of the solar SLs are blocked by the solar cell modules 14, but the remaining solar SLs are taken directly into the interior of the building through the space between the solar cell modules 14. be able to.

The arrangement of the solar cell module 14 in the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment, when the width of the solar cell modules 14 is A and the distance between the adjacent solar cell modules 14 is B, the solar cell modules 14 satisfy B = 2 × A. Be placed.

Here, the case where the solar cell module 14 has three layers has been described, but in generalization, when the solar cell module 14 has N layers (N is an integer of 2 or more), the solar cell module 14 has B = (N-1). ) × A is arranged so as to satisfy. For example, when the solar cell module 14 has four layers, the solar cell module 14 is arranged so as to satisfy B = 3 × A.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the eaves 10, the right end of the solar cell module 14 of the first layer 51 and the left end of the solar cell module 14 of the second layer 52 are separated by the distance α between the ends. Similarly, the right end of the solar cell module 14 of the second layer 52 and the left end of the solar cell module 14 of the third layer 53 are separated by the distance α between the ends. This takes into account the refraction of light in the glass panel.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the distance between the ends α. The distance α between the ends of each layer can be determined by using the thickness t of the panel and the refractive index η (= sin (i) / sin (r)) of the panel.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the solar zenith angle and the opening degree in the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 7, the vertical axis represents the opening degree (%) of the eaves 10, and the horizontal axis represents the solar altitude (degrees). Here, the thickness of the upper panel 11 is 5 mm, the thickness of the lower panel 12 is 5 mm, and the width of the solar cell module 14 is 7 mm. Under such conditions, the relationship between the opening degree of the eaves 10 and the solar zenith angle was obtained.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, the opening degree of the eaves 10 changes greatly depending on the solar altitude. In the summer (mid-May to September from 10:00 to 14:00), the solar altitude θs becomes higher than about 65 degrees. Therefore, from FIG. 7, it can be seen that the opening degree of the eaves 10 can be set to about 15% or less in the summer, and it is possible to make it difficult for sunlight to enter the interior of the building. In addition, since the angle of the sun during the day changes constantly, it is necessary to consider it as an integrated value, and it can be said that the amount of solar heat gained can be relatively small and the amount of power generation can be increased.

On the other hand, in winter (mid-October to March from 10:00 to 14:00), the solar altitude θw becomes smaller than about 40 degrees. Therefore, it can be seen from FIG. 7 that the opening degree of the eaves 10 can be maintained at about 45% or more in winter, and sunlight can be effectively taken into the interior side of the building.

FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the width and the opening degree of the solar cell module 14 in the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 8, the vertical axis represents the opening degree (%) of the eaves 10, and the horizontal axis represents the width (mm) of the solar cell module 14.

In FIG. 8, the solid line shows the relationship between the width and the opening degree of the solar cell module 14 in the first embodiment of the eaves 10 (thickness of the upper panel 11 = 3 mm, thickness of the lower panel 12 = 3 mm). Further, the broken line indicates the relationship between the width and the opening degree of the solar cell module 14 in the second embodiment of the eaves 10 (thickness of the upper panel 11 = 5 mm, thickness of the lower panel 12 = 5 mm). The alternate long and short dash line indicates the relationship between the width and the opening degree of the solar cell module 14 in the third embodiment of the eaves 10 (thickness of the upper panel 11 = 3 mm, thickness of the lower panel 12 = 5 mm).

From FIG. 8, it can be seen that in the first embodiment of the eaves 10, the opening degree can be maximized when the width of the solar cell module 14 is 4.5 mm. Further, in the second embodiment of the eaves 10, it can be seen that the opening degree can be maximized when the width of the solar cell module 14 is 7.0 mm. Further, in the third embodiment of the eaves 10, it can be seen that the opening degree can be maximized when the width of the solar cell module 14 is 6.0 mm.

(Fourth Embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the eaves 90 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The eaves 90 is also a laminated panel in which the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12 are adhered to each other via the intermediate layer 13, and the three-layer solar cell module 14 is arranged. The eaves 90 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the eaves 10 according to the first embodiment in that the width of the solar cell module 14 (width of the protruding direction P) is different.

As shown in FIG. 9, the width of one solar cell module 14 in the first layer 51 is A1, the width of the adjacent solar cell module 14 is A1', and the distance between the two solar cell modules 14 is B1. Further, the width of one solar cell module 14 in the second layer 52 is A2, the width of the solar cell module 14 adjacent thereto is A2', and the distance between the two solar cell modules 14 is B2. Further, the width of one solar cell module 14 in the third layer 53 is A3, the width of the solar cell module 14 adjacent thereto is A3', and the distance between the two solar cell modules 14 is B3. At this time, the solar cell module 14 is arranged so as to satisfy B1 = A2 + A3, B2 = A3 + A1', and B3 = A1'+ A2'.

を満たすように配置される。ここで、Ｂｘは、第ｘ層（ｘは２以上の整数）における太陽電池モジュール１４の間隔を表す。ＢＮは、第Ｎ層における太陽電池モジュール１４の間隔である。 Here, the case where the solar cell module 14 has three layers has been described, but in general, when the solar cell module 14 has N layers (N is an integer of 2 or more), the solar cell module 14 has the following equation:

Arranged to meet. Here, Bx represents the distance between the solar cell modules 14 in the x-th layer (x is an integer of 2 or more). BN is the distance between the solar cell modules 14 in the Nth layer.

For example, when the solar cell module 14 has four layers, it is arranged so as to satisfy B1 = A2 + A3 + A4, B2 = A3 + A4 + A1', B3 = A4 + A1'+ A2', and B4 = A1'+ A2'+ A3'. For example, when the solar cell module 14 has five layers, the solar cell module 14 has B1 = A2 + A3 + A4 + A5, B2 = A3 + A4 + A5 + A1', B3 = A4 + A5 + A1'+ A2', B4 = A5 + A1'+ A2'+ A3', B5 = A1'+ A2'+ A3'. Arranged so as to satisfy + A4'.

Also in this embodiment, the right end of the solar cell module 14 of the first layer 51 and the left end of the solar cell module 14 of the second layer 52 are separated by the distance α between the ends. Similarly, the right end of the solar cell module 14 of the second layer 52 and the left end of the solar cell module 14 of the third layer 53 are separated by the distance α between the ends. As described above, the distance between the ends α can be determined by using the thickness t of the glass panel and the refractive index η of the glass panel.

The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this embodiment is exemplary and that various modifications and modifications are possible within the claims of the invention, and that such modifications and modifications are also within the claims of the present invention. It is a place to be. Therefore, the descriptions and drawings herein should be treated as exemplary rather than limiting.

In the above-described embodiment, it has been described that the solar cell modules are alternately formed in the protruding direction of the eaves on the main surface of the panel, but if the solar cell modules are alternately formed in a predetermined direction on the main surface of the panel. Good.

In the above-described embodiment, the solar cell module has a band shape, but the solar cell module may have a block shape.

In the above-described embodiment, the eaves having one panel and the eaves having two panels have been described, but the number of panels is not particularly limited, and the eaves may have one or more panels. Good. Then, a plurality of solar cell modules are alternately arranged in a predetermined direction on at least two main surfaces of the plurality of main surfaces of the one or a plurality of panels.

10, 30, 40, 90 eaves, 11 upper panel, 12 lower panel, 13 intermediate layer, 14 solar cell module, 41 panel, 100 openings, 101 window glass, 102 outer wall.

Claims (5)

The eaves on the outer wall of the building
With one or more translucent panels,
A plurality of solar cell modules alternately arranged in a predetermined direction on at least two main surfaces of one or a plurality of the panels.
Eaves characterized by being equipped with. Equipped with one of the above panels
The eaves according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of solar cell modules are alternately arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of one of the panels in the predetermined direction. The plurality of solar cell modules include an upper panel and a lower panel.
The lower surface of the upper panel and the upper surface of the lower panel are adhered to each other via an intermediate layer.
The eaves according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of solar cell modules are alternately arranged on the upper surface of the upper panel, the intermediate layer, and the lower surface of the lower panel in the predetermined direction. The plurality of the panels include an upper panel and a lower panel arranged at predetermined intervals.
The plurality of solar cell modules are arranged alternately on the upper surface of the upper panel, the lower surface of the upper panel, the upper surface of the lower panel, and the lower surface of the lower panel in the predetermined direction. The eaves according to claim 1. The plurality of solar cell modules have the same width A in the predetermined direction, and the plurality of solar cell modules have the same width A.
When the solar cell modules of N layers (N is an integer of 2 or more) are formed on the plurality of panels and the distance between the solar cell modules is B, the solar cell modules have B = (N-1). The eaves according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they are arranged so as to satisfy × A.

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