JP2021037606A - Machine tool comprising point dresser - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a machine tool comprising a point dresser arranged not to interfere with other constituents constituting the machine tool.SOLUTION: The machine tool comprises a work-piece spindle 9 with a chuck 20 for holding a work-piece attached thereto, which rotates the work-piece held on the chuck 20, and a tool spindle 7 that rotates a grinding grindstone TG while holding the grindstone, which is configured to make the grinding grindstone TG grind the work-piece. In the machine tool, a point dresser 33 for modifying a shape of the grinding grindstone TG is mounted on the chuck 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 23

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool provided with a point dresser for modifying the shape of a grinding wheel.

The above-mentioned point dresser is used to correct the shape of the grinding action surface so that it becomes the predetermined shape when the grinding action surface of the grinding wheel changes from a predetermined shape by performing a grinding process. Conventionally, it is mainly provided in a grinding machine that performs grinding, and for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-28864) below, on a bed near a headstock for rotating a work. Is arranged in.

Then, in the correction of the grinding wheel using this point dresser, for example, in a state where the grinding wheel is rotated, the grinding wheel to be corrected has a grinding action surface to be corrected by a predetermined amount with respect to the point dresser. It is performed by repeating the operation of moving along the grinding action surface a plurality of times while positioning so as to bite into it.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-28864

By the way, conventionally, as a machine tool capable of performing grinding, in addition to the above-mentioned grinding machine, there is a lathe and a compound processing type processing machine (combined processing machine) having both functions of the lathe and a machining center. To do. A lathe mainly turns a workpiece, but in recent years, it has become possible to attach a rotary tool to the turret, and by attaching a grinding wheel to the turret, grinding can be performed. It has become.

Further, the combined machining machine includes a work spindle that grips and rotates the work and a tool spindle that holds and rotates the tool, and turns the work spindle and rotates the tool spindle. , It is possible to perform multiple machining processes such as surface machining using a cutting tool, cutting such as curved surface machining and drilling, and grinding such as cylindrical grinding and surface grinding using a grinding tool. ..

This multi-tasking machine is a machining-intensive machining machine that can perform multiple machining processes with one machine, and by consolidating the machining processes, it is possible to reduce the number of handlings related to the mounting and removal of workpieces. As a result, the total machining time can be shortened as compared with the case where different machining machines are used for each machining process, and it is possible to prevent the machining accuracy from being cumulatively deteriorated due to repeated handling. It has the advantage of being able to.

However, unlike the conventional lathes, machining centers and multi-tasking machines described above, there is a problem that the point dresser cannot be arranged on the bed. That is, since the above-mentioned lathe, machining center, and multi-tasking machine are configured to perform machining using a cutting tool other than the grinding wheel, the point dresser is arranged on the bed as in the above-mentioned conventional grinding machine. Then, in the case of other machining, there is an inconvenience that the point dresser interferes with the components of the machine tool such as the tool post, the tool spindle and the tool.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool having a point dresser arranged so as not to interfere with other components constituting the machine tool.

The present invention for solving the above problems includes a work spindle on which a chuck for gripping a work is mounted and rotates the workpiece gripped on the chuck, and a tool spindle for holding and rotating the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel is used. The present invention relates to a machine tool configured to grind the work, in which a point dresser for correcting the shape of the grinding wheel is attached to the chuck.

In this machine tool, a point dresser is attached to a chuck, and the area where the chuck exists is usually set to an interference area, and is set to an area where the tool cannot be approached during machining with a tool. Therefore, when performing processing other than grinding using a grinding wheel, there is an inconvenience that the point dresser interferes with the components that make up the machine tool, such as the tool post, tool spindle, and tool. Can be prevented.

Then, in the correction processing of the grinding wheel, the point dresser is positioned at the correction position by indexing the chuck to a predetermined rotation angle position, and then, with the grinding wheel rotated, the grinding wheel to be corrected is ground. This can be performed by repeating the operation of moving the working surface along the grinding working surface a plurality of times while positioning the working surface so as to bite into the point dresser by a predetermined allowance.

The machine tool according to the present invention is a multi-tasking machine having both functions of the lathe and a machining center in addition to the lathe, and holds a work spindle for gripping and rotating the work and a tool. Includes multi-tasking machines with rotating tool spindles.

Further, the machine tool according to the present invention can be configured so that a rotary cutting tool can be mounted on the tool spindle, and the work can be cut by the rotary cutting tool.

Further, in the machine tool according to the present invention, a plurality of the point dressers are attached to the chuck, and the grinding wheel is configured to correct the shape of a different grinding action surface corresponding to each point dresser. Can be taken. According to this machine tool, grinding can be performed using a grinding wheel having a plurality of different grinding action surfaces, and each grinding is performed using a point dresser provided corresponding to each grinding action surface. The shape of the working surface can be modified.

Further, the machine tool according to the present invention can adopt an embodiment in which the point dresser is attached to the end face of the chuck. The area on the end face side of the chuck to which the point dresser is attached is usually set to an interference area, and is set to an area where the tool cannot enter during machining with a tool. It is possible to more reliably prevent the tool or the like from interfering with the point dresser when performing other machining.

According to the machine tool according to the present invention, since the point dresser is attached to the chuck, a machine tool such as a tool post, a tool spindle, and a tool is configured when performing machining other than grinding using a grinding wheel. It is possible to prevent inconveniences such as interference between the constituent components and the point dresser.

It is a perspective view which showed the main structure of the composite processing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the processing method of the screw shaft by the composite processing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the processing method of the screw shaft by the composite processing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing seen from the arrow A direction in FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed the grinding unit which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which showed the accommodating device for the grinding unit which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the usage method of the grinding unit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the usage method of the grinding unit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation of the accommodating apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation of the accommodating apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which showed the steady rest unit which concerns on this embodiment. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. It is a perspective view seen from the arrow C direction in FIG. It is a perspective view which showed the chuck which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which showed the gripping claw of the chuck which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation of the chuck which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a perspective view which showed the cover body which stores the sizing device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which showed a part of the sizing device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a plan sectional view which showed the sizing device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a right sectional view which showed the sizing device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which showed the part where the rotary dresser which concerns on this embodiment is provided. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the shape correction of the grinding wheel using a rotary dresser which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the shape correction of the grinding wheel using the point dresser which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the shape correction of the grinding wheel using the point dresser which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the processing method using the grinding wheel which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the screw shaft measuring apparatus which concerns on this embodiment is arranged at a measurement position. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of the screw shaft measuring apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a block diagram which showed the structure of the screw shaft measuring apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the measuring method in the screw shaft measuring apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the measuring method in the screw shaft measuring apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-29. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main configuration of a multi-tasking apparatus of this example, which is an NC machine tool configured to machine a screw shaft. In the following, the screw shaft of the ball screw will be described as a machining object, but the object that can be machined by the combined machining apparatus of this example is not limited to this. In particular, as the screw shaft, various screw shafts such as a trapezoidal screw can be machined in addition to a ball screw. Further, in the following, the material for manufacturing the screw shaft will be referred to as a shaft-shaped work.

The multi-tasking device 1 of this example includes a multi-tasking machine 2, a control device 3, a sizing device 90, and a screw shaft measuring device 110. The details of each part will be described below.
[Composite processing machine]
<Basic configuration of multi-tasking machine>
The multi-tasking machine 2 includes a bed (not shown) and a column (not shown) movably arranged on the bed (not shown) in the direction of the Z-axis indicated by FIG. A general-purpose processing machine composed of a first headstock 8, a second headstock 10, a tool post 15, and the like, which are also arranged on a bed (not shown), and further, a second headstock 10 It is provided with a storage device 60 or the like arranged above.

<Tool spindle>
The column (not shown) holds a quill 6 so as to be movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The quill 6 is provided with a tool spindle 7, and the tool spindle 7 is provided with a grinding unit 40 and others. Various tools are installed. Then, the grinding unit 40 is accommodated in the accommodating device 60, and is attached to and detached from the tool spindle 7 by a predetermined operation. Further, tools other than the grinding unit 40 are stored in a tool magazine (not shown) provided at an appropriate position, and a tool changing device arranged at a tool changing position near the tool magazine (not shown). (Not shown) allows the tool spindle to be attached to and detached from the main shaft 7. Further, the tool spindle 7 is rotatably held by the quill 6 about a rotation axis parallel to the Y axis.

<Head>
The first headstock 8 is provided with a drive motor that rotatably holds the first head shaft 9 and rotates the first head shaft 9 inside. Similarly, the second headstock 10 can rotate the second head shaft 11. A drive motor for rotating the second spindle 10 is provided inside. The first headstock 8 and the second headstock 10 are arranged so as to face each other and the axes of the first head shaft 9 and the second head shaft 11 are coaxial, and the second headstock 10 is arranged. It is possible to move forward and backward in the Z-axis direction with respect to the first headstock 8.

<Chuck>
A first chuck 20 is mounted on the first spindle 9, and a second chuck 25 is mounted on the second spindle 11, and the shaft-shaped work W is formed by the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25. To grasp. The first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25 have the same configuration. Therefore, in the following, the configuration of the first chuck 20 will be described as a representative, and the corresponding components of the second chuck 25 will be designated by the reference numerals in parentheses.

As shown in FIG. 14, the first chuck 20 (25) is provided at the center position of the chuck main body 21 (26) so as to project from the front end surface of the chuck main body 21 (26). (29) and three gripping claws 22 (27) arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction so as to project from the front end surface of the chuck main body 21 (26). The gripping claw 22 (27) is configured to advance and retreat in a direction along the central axis of the chuck body 21 (26) by a drive mechanism (not shown), and at the time of advancing (when closing), it advances to the advancing end. After that, it is configured to swing in a direction approaching the central axis to grip the shaft-shaped work W, and when retracted (when opened), it swings outward in the radial direction from the central axis to grip the shaft-shaped work After releasing the grip of W, it is configured to retract to the retracted end in the direction along the central axis.

Thus, according to the first chuck 20 (25) chuck, the gripping claw 22 (27) swings toward the central axis of the chuck main body 21 (26), so that the shaft-shaped work W is moved toward the chuck main body 21. It is gripped so as to be pulled toward the end face side of (26). Then, such a gripping operation makes it possible to process the shaft-shaped work W with high dimensional accuracy.

The gripping surfaces 23 (28) of each of the gripping claws 22 (27) are formed in an arc shape according to the outer diameter of the shaft-shaped work W to be gripped, and are sequentially formed in a direction away from the end surface of the chuck body 21 (26). It is composed of a plurality of gripping surfaces (in this example, four gripping surfaces 23a-23d (28a-28d)) provided at shifted positions. The gripping surfaces 23a-23d (28a-28d) are inclined outward in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the chuck body 21 (26) when the gripping claws 22 (27) are open. The gripping surface 23a (28a) closest to the end surface of the chuck body 21 (26) has the smallest inclination angle with respect to the central axis of the chuck body 21 (26) and is away from the end surface of the chuck body 21 (26). The inclination angle is set to be larger, and the inclination angle of the farthest gripping surface 23d (28d) is the largest.

Further, each of the gripping surfaces 23a-23d (28a-28d) has different curvatures in the direction away from the end surface of the chuck body 21 (26), and the gripping surface 23a closest to the end surface of the chuck body 21 (26). (28a) has the smallest curvature, and the grip surface farther from the end surface of the chuck main 21 (26) has a larger curvature, and the farthest grip surface 23d (28d) has the largest curvature. ..

Thus, in the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25 of this example having the above configuration, four different outer diameter axial workpieces W can be gripped by one type of gripping claws 22 and 27. According to the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25, the number of gripping claws to be prepared can be reduced as compared with the conventional case, and as a result, the equipment related to the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25. The cost can be reduced, the complexity of management can be alleviated, and efficient operation can be performed. Further, since the number of times the gripping claw 22 (27) is replaced according to the outer diameter of the shaft-shaped work W is reduced, the setup time can be reduced, and the machining time can be shortened accordingly.

Further, in the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25, the shaft-shaped work W is inserted by inserting the tips of the tail-pushing shafts 24 and 29 into the center holes drilled in both end surfaces of the shaft-shaped work W. While being held, the end portion of the shaft-shaped work W can be gripped by the gripping claws 22 and 27.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, a first point dresser 32 and a second point dresser 33 are attached to the end faces of the first chuck 20 near the outer circumference. The shaft portion of the first point dresser 32 is arranged so as to be inclined toward the central axis of the first chuck 20, and the shaft portion of the second point dresser 33 extends outward in the radial direction of the first chuck 20. The shape of the _{grinding wheel TG} is modified by the diamond provided at the tip of each shaft portion.

The grinding wheel _TG of this example has a structure in which a grindstone portion is formed at the tip of the shaft portion, and the grindstone portion has a forward taper portion Ga that tapers toward the tip and a shaft from the forward taper portion Ga. It is composed of a reverse taper portion Gb that tapers toward the side, the shape of the reverse taper portion Gb is corrected by the first point dresser 32, and the shape of the forward taper portion Ga is corrected by the second point dresser 33. In this grinding wheel _TG , as shown in FIG. 25, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped work W can be ground by using the forward taper portion Ga, and the end face of the shaft-shaped work W can be ground by using the reverse taper portion Gb. Can be ground.

Thus, in this example, the first point dresser 32 and the second point dresser 33 are arranged on the end face of the first chuck 20 near the outer periphery, and the region on the end face side of the first chuck usually interferes. Since it is set in the area and is set in the area where the tool cannot be penetrated when machining with a tool, the tool post is used when performing machining other than grinding using the _{grinding wheel TG.} 15. It is possible to reliably prevent the components such as the tool spindle 7 and other tools from interfering with the first point dresser 32 and the second point dresser 33.

When processing the end of the shaft-shaped work W gripped by the gripping claw 22 of the first chuck 20, if the gripping claw 22 and the grinding wheel _TG interfere with each other, the gripping claw 22 is moved to the retracted end. By retracting the grip claw 22 and the grinding wheel _TG so that they do not interfere with each other, the end portion can be machined. Similarly, when processing the end portion of the shaft-shaped work W gripped by the gripping claw 27 of the second chuck 25, if the gripping claw 27 and the grinding wheel _TG interfere with each other, the gripping claw 27 is retracted to the retracted end. By retracting to, the gripping claw 27 and the grinding wheel _TG do not interfere with each other, so that the end portion can be machined.

<Cutter stand>
As shown in FIG. 1, the tool post 15 is movable in the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, and the Y'-axis direction indicated by arrows, and is parallel to the Z-axis on the end surface on the first chuck 20 side. The turret 16 is rotatably held around a rotation axis. The turret 16 is composed of a polygonal prism whose peripheral surface is a flat mounting surface, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a steady rest unit 70 is mounted on the mounting surface. The Y'axis is tilted forward by a predetermined angle with respect to the Y axis toward the operation side. Further, the tool post 15 is designed to move in the Y-axis direction (horizontal direction) by a combined operation of movement in the X-axis direction and movement in the Y'axis direction.

<Sway stop unit>
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, the steady rest unit 70 is attached to a set of steady rest devices 72, a connecting plate 71 that connects the steady rest devices 72 at appropriate intervals, and the steady rest device 72. It is configured to include a pressure fluid supply source for supplying the pressure fluid, and the set of steady rest devices 72 are arranged along the Z axis. In FIG. 11, the shaft-shaped work W is not shown.

As shown in FIG. 12, the steady rest device 72 includes a base 73, a receiving member 74 provided on the base 73, and a pressing member provided above the receiving member 74 so as to face the base 73. It is configured to include the 75 and a clamp mechanism 77 that supports the pressing member 75 and separates the pressing member 75 from the receiving member 74.

Each of the receiving members 74 of the set of steady rest devices 72 is provided with a V-shaped groove 74a on the upper surface, and the set of steady rest devices 72 is a bottom striation of the V-shaped groove 74a of each receiving member 74. Are attached to the connecting plate 71 at predetermined intervals so that they are located on the same line. Then, the steady rest unit 70 is attached to the turret 16 so that the bottom striation of the V-shaped groove 74a of the receiving member 74 is parallel to the Z axis. Further, the pressing member 75 has a V-shaped groove 75a formed on the lower surface facing the receiving member 74 so as to coincide with the V-shaped groove 74a of the receiving member 74, that is, the bottom striations coincide with each other at the top and bottom. Has been done. Further, a guide hole 73a is bored in the base 73 at a predetermined distance from the receiving member 74, and an upper end portion of the guide hole 73a is connected to the lower surface of the pressing member 75 and is connected to a guide pin. 76 is inserted.

The clamping mechanism 77 is fitted into a cylinder hole 78 formed so as to open on the upper surface of the base 73 between the guide hole 73a and the receiving member 74, and the upper end thereof. A pressure fluid supply unit that selectively supplies pressure fluid to a piston 79 whose portion is connected to the lower surface of the holding member 75 and two pressure fluid chambers 78a and 78b formed vertically in the cylinder hole 78 (FIG. Not shown) and so on. Thus, in the clamp mechanism 77, by supplying the pressure fluid to the pressure fluid chamber 78a, the piston 79 and the pressing member 75 connected to the piston 79 are lowered, and the shaft-shaped work W is V-shaped in the receiving member 74. The pressure fluid is clamped by the receiving member 74 and the pressing member 75 in a state of being in contact with the two inner surfaces of the shaped groove 74a and the two inner surfaces of the V-shaped groove 75a of the pressing member 75, and the pressure fluid is supplied to the pressure fluid chamber 78b. By supplying, the piston 79 and the pressing member 75 are raised, and the clamping of the shaft-shaped work W by the receiving member 74 and the pressing member 75 is released, that is, unclamped. At that time, since the guide pin 76 fitted in the guide hole 73a is provided, the ascending / descending operation of the piston 79 is guided by the guide pin 76, whereby the piston 79 and the pressing member 75 can be smoothly ascended / decreased. it can. Compressed air or pressure oil can be used as the pressure fluid.

Further, a mounting plate 80a is erected on the upper surface of the base 73 at a position opposite to the receiving member 74 with the cylinder hole 78 and the guide hole 73a interposed therebetween. A holding plate 80b is fixedly installed above the pressing member 75 so as to be parallel to the pressing member 75. Then, between the holding plate 80b and the pressing member 75, at a position where the piston 79 is connected, a position corresponding to the V-shaped groove 75a of the pressing member 75, and a position where the guide pin 76 is connected. A spring body 81 (first urging member), a spring body 82 (second urging member), and a spring body 83 (third urging member) that urge the pressing member 75 toward the receiving member 74 are provided. .. Thus, in addition to the clamping force of the piston 79, the urging forces of the spring bodies 81, 82, and 83 act on the pressing member 75, so that the shaft-shaped work W has a stronger force to receive the receiving member 74 and the pressing member 74. It is sandwiched by the member 75.

Further, the receiving member 74 and the pressing member 75 have one side surface along the V-shaped grooves 74a and 75a, respectively, as viewed from a plane, rather than the radial end of the clamped axial work W. It is located on the axis side of the shaft-shaped work W.

<Grinding unit>
As shown in FIG. 5, the grinding unit 40 includes a rotating shaft 45, a housing 41 that rotatably supports the rotating shaft 45 by a bearing 46 with one end extending to the outside, and a rotating shaft. A thread groove grinding grind 55 attached to the one end of the 45, a rotor 49 mounted on the rotating shaft 45, a stator 50 held in the housing 41 so as to be located radially outward of the rotor 49, and the like are provided. It is composed of. The rotor 49 and the stator 50 constitute a drive motor, and the rotor 49, the rotating shaft 45 to which the rotor 49 is attached, and the thread groove grinding wheel 55 attached to the rotating shaft 45 are driven by electric power supplied from the outside. Rotate. A cable protected by a flexible protective tube 56 is connected to the stator 50, and power is supplied to the stator 50 via this cable (see FIGS. 6 to 8 and the like).

The housing 41 is composed of a main body 42 into which the stator 50 is inserted, and annular members 43 and 44 attached to both ends of the main body 42 to hold the bearing 46, respectively. Then, the lids 47a and 47b are externally fitted to the rotating shaft 45 extending outward from the annular member 44, and the first holding member 54 is externally fitted to the end of the rotating shaft 45. The thread groove grinding wheel 55 is sandwiched by the second sandwiching member 53 connected to the end of the rotating shaft 45 together with the sandwiching member 54. A cover body 48 is provided on the end surface of the annular member 43.

A first held portion 51 for mounting the grinding unit 40 on the tool spindle 7 is provided on the outer surface of the main body portion 42, and the main body portion 42 on the opposite side of the first held portion 51. A second held portion 52 is provided on the outer surface. In FIG. 5, the cross section of the second held portion 52 is not shown.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 21, a rotary dresser 30 for correcting the shape of the grinding action surface of the thread groove grinding wheel 55 is provided above the second headstock 10, and further, the thread groove grinding wheel 55 is provided. A vortex sensor 31 is provided to detect the thread groove grinding wheel 55 when is in the correction position for correcting the shape, and the vortex sensor 31 positions the thread groove grinding wheel 55 in the correction position. Is being detected.

Thus, the grinding unit 40 is moved to a position where the axis of the rotating shaft 45 coincides with the axis of the rotary dresser 30 in the X-axis direction, and then the grinding unit 40 is moved in the Z-axis direction to move the grinding unit 40. Is positioned at a position detected by the vortex sensor 31, and then moved in the Y-axis direction so as to approach the rotary dresser 30, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating thread groove grinding wheel 55 is also rotated. By abutting the outer peripheral surface of the rotary dresser 30, the shape of the grinding action surface, which is the outer peripheral surface of the thread groove grinding wheel 55, can be modified.

The grinding unit 40 is housed in the accommodating device 60 shown in FIGS. 1, 6-10, and is taken out from the accommodating device 60 when the shaft-shaped work W is machined using the grinding unit 40. It is mounted on the tool spindle 7.

<Accommodation device>
As shown in FIG. 1, the accommodating device 60 is arranged above the second headstock 10. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 to 10, the accommodating device 60 has an accommodating body 61 having an opening for inserting and removing the grinding unit 40 and having a space for accommodating the grinding unit 40 inside, and accommodating the accommodating device 60. It is composed of a lid 63 that opens and closes the opening of the body 61, an opening / closing mechanism 62, an advancing / retreating mechanism 67, a pulley 65, a slide / biasing portion 66, a locking member 69, and the like arranged in the housing 61. ..

The advancing / retreating mechanism 67 includes a tool holding portion 67a as a holding mechanism that detachably holds the grinding unit 40 via a second held portion 52 of the grinding unit 40, and the tool holding portion 67a. An arrow Z-axis through the opening between the accommodation position set inside 61 (see FIGS. 6 and 9) and the take-out position set outside the housing 61 (see FIGS. 7 and 10). It is composed of an air cylinder 67b that moves forward and backward in the direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, in the grinding unit 40, the thread groove grinding wheel 55 is on the upper side, the second held portion 52 is located on the accommodating body 61 side, and the first held portion 51 is accommodated. It is held by the tool holding portion 67a in a posture located on the side opposite to the body 61. The air cylinder 67b is appropriately connected to an externally provided compressed air supply source, and compressed air pressurized from the compressed air supply source is supplied to the air cylinder 67b.

The slide / urging portion 66 is arranged along the Z-axis in its longitudinal direction, holds the pulley 65 movably in the Z-axis direction, and is filled with compressed air (pressure fluid). The pulley 65 is configured to be urged toward the side opposite to the opening by the action. The protective tube 56 connected to the grinding unit 40 is wound around the pulley 65, and the other end of the protective tube 56 is provided by a locking member 69a provided in the accommodating body 61. It is locked, and the intermediate portion thereof is inserted into a guide ring 69b provided above the locking member 69a with the slide / urging portion 66 interposed therebetween.

The opening / closing mechanism 62 includes an air cylinder (not shown) arranged in the longitudinal direction along the Z axis and the air cylinder (not shown), as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. It is composed of a piston rod 62a and a link portion (not shown) connected to the connection portion 63a of the lid body 63, and when the piston rod 62a advances, the lid body 63 opens and the piston rod 62a opens. The lid 63 is closed by retracting. The air cylinder (not shown) is connected to the compressed air supply source, and compressed air pressurized from the compressed air supply source is supplied to the air cylinder (not shown).

According to the accommodating device 60, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the grinding unit 40 has the accommodating body 61 in a state where the second held portion 52 is held by the tool holding portion 67a of the advancing / retreating mechanism 67. It is housed in the housed position inside. When the tool holding portion 67a is in the accommodation position, the slide / urging portion 66 moves the pulley 65 to the retracted end on the opposite side of the opening by the urging force. As a result, the protective tube 56 is housed in the housing 61 together with the grinding unit 40 in a state of being wound around the pulley 65 without loosening.

[Sizing device]
As shown in FIGS. 17-20, the sizing device 90 is arranged along the first headstock 8 and is stored in a cover body 107 having a storage area isolated from a processing area. The cover body 107 has an opening that is opened and closed by the lid body 108, and the lid body 108 is driven by an appropriate drive source (not shown) such as an air cylinder to open and close the opening.

The sizing device 90 includes a measuring head 91 and a transfer device 93 for moving the measuring head 91 in and out through the opening of the cover body 107. The measuring head 91 has two stylus 92 that are urged to approach each other, and the two stylus 92 come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped work W to be outside the shaft-shaped work W. It is configured to measure the diameter.

The transfer device 93 transfers the measuring head 91 and brings the stylus 92 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped work W, holds the measuring head 91, and brings the measuring head 91 to the axis of the first spindle 9. A swivel mechanism 103 that swivels in the direction of approaching the shaft-shaped work W (in the direction of arrow E) and in the direction of separating from the shaft-shaped work W (direction of arrow F) around the axis parallel to the shaft, and this swivel mechanism. It is composed of a linear transfer mechanism 94 that advances and retreats 103 in a direction (Z-axis direction) along the axis of the first spindle 9.

The linear transfer mechanism 94 has a plan view L-shaped frame 95 having an orthogonal portion 95a orthogonal to the axis of the first spindle 9 and a parallel portion 95b parallel to the axis of the first spindle 9, and parallel to the frame 95. Two guide rails 96 arranged parallel to the portion 95b along the Z axis, a slider 97 that engages with each guide rail 96 and moves along the guide rail 96, and these on the slider 97. A base 98 mounted so as to straddle the base 98, a set of brackets 99 and 100 erected on the base 98 at predetermined intervals in the Z-axis direction, and the back surface of the orthogonal portion 95a of the frame 95. A support plate 101 attached to the surface opposite to the parallel portion 95b) and air attached to the support plate 101, the piston rod 102a penetrating the orthogonal portion 95a and being connected to the base 98. It is composed of a cylinder 102 and the like.

The swivel mechanism 103 includes a swivel arm 105 that supports the measuring head 91 so that a plane including a contact portion of the two stylus 92 with respect to the shaft-shaped work W is orthogonal to the axis of the first spindle 9, and an axis. Is arranged along the axis of the first spindle 9, and the swivel arm 105 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion, and is rotatably held by the bracket 99 on the rotary shaft 104 and the bracket 100. It is composed of an actuator 106 that is attached and connected to the rotating shaft 104 to rotate the rotating shaft 104. The actuator 106 operates by compressed air supplied from the outside to rotate the rotating shaft 104 in the direction of arrows EF, and the stylus 92 of the measuring head 91 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped work W. It is swiveled between the measurement position and the retracted position away from the shaft-shaped work W. The measuring head 91 is stored in the cover body 107 in a state of being swiveled to the retracted position.

Thus, according to the sizing device 90, the air cylinder 102 of the linear transfer mechanism 94 is in a state where the lid 108 is appropriately driven by a drive source (not shown) to open the opening of the cover 107. When the base 98 is advanced by driving the swivel mechanism 103, the swivel mechanism 103 and the measuring head 91 supported by the swivel mechanism 103 advance from the opening of the cover body 107 and move to the swivel position in the machining region, and then the swivel mechanism 103 When the actuator 106 is driven to rotate the measurement head 91 to the measurement position in the arrow E direction, the stylus 92 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped work W to measure the outer diameter of the shaft-shaped work W. It will be possible.

Then, after finishing the measurement of the outer diameter of the shaft-shaped work W, the actuator 106 of the swivel mechanism 103 is driven to swivel the measurement head 91 to the retracted position in the arrow F direction, and then the air of the linear transfer mechanism 94. When the cylinder 102 is driven to retract the base 98, the swivel mechanism 103 and the measurement head 91 supported by the swivel mechanism 103 are stored in the standby position in the cover body 107 from the swivel position. Then, by closing the opening of the cover body 107 with the lid body 108, the storage area in the cover body 107 is isolated from the processing area.

When this sizing device 90 is not used, it is stored in the cover body 107 having a storage area isolated from the processing area, so that the coolant liquid used during other processing, chips generated at that time, and the like are used. It is possible to prevent the sizing device 90 from being soiled, and also to prevent inconveniences such as interference between the tools and the like used for this machining and the sizing device 90 during the other machining. it can.

[Screw shaft measuring device]
As shown in FIGS. 26 and 28, the screw shaft measuring device 110 is arranged so as to face the shaft-shaped work W in which the thread groove is formed and the optical axes are parallel to each other at the measurement position. The first illuminating device 113 and the first illuminating device 113 that illuminate the imaging portion from the directions opposite to the imaging directions of the first imaging camera 111 and the second imaging camera 112, respectively, with the screw shaft W sandwiched between the first imaging camera 111 and the second imaging camera 112. A measurement unit composed of a second lighting device 114, a frame 115 holding the first and second imaging cameras 111 and 112 and the first and second lighting devices 113 and 114, and the first imaging camera 111 and Screws based on the image input unit 116 that captures the image captured by the second imaging camera 112, the measurement operation control unit 117 that controls the capture of the image input unit 116, and the image data captured by the image input unit 116. It is composed of a dimension calculation unit 118 for calculating the dimensions of the threaded portion of the shaft W. In the following, the shaft-shaped work W in which the screw groove is formed is particularly referred to as “screw shaft W”.

The image input unit 116, the measurement operation control unit 117, and the dimension calculation unit 118 are constructed in the control device 3, and the control device 3 is equipped with a multi-tasking machine control unit for controlling the operation of the multi-tasking machine 2. 4 is provided. Further, the dimensions calculated by the dimension calculation unit 118 are appropriately output to the output device 5, for example, a display provided on the operation panel.

The control device 3 is composed of a computer including a CPU, RAM, ROM, etc., and the multi-tasking machine control unit 4, the image input unit 116, the measurement operation control unit 117, and the dimension calculation unit 118 are described by a computer program. The function is realized.

The first imaging camera 111 and the second imaging camera 112 are located on the outer peripheral portion on one side of the axis of the screw axis W in a plane viewed from the first imaging camera 111 and the second imaging camera 112 side. The leads of the thread grooves are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals so that the angles of both optical axes match (see FIG. 27). FIG. 27 is a front view showing the relationship between the screw shaft W and the first and second imaging cameras 111 and 112 and the first and second lighting devices 113 and 114. As shown in the figure, the illumination optical axes of the first and second lighting devices 113 and 114 coincide with the imaging optical axes of the first and second imaging cameras 111 and 112, respectively.

Then, the measurement operation control unit 117 controls the rotation of the first spindle 9 and the second spindle 11 of the multi-tasking machine 2 via the multi-tasking machine control unit 4, and sets the screw shaft W as the initial rotation position. After indexing to the set angle position, the first image including the thread groove on one side is input from the first imaging camera 111 via the image input unit 116, and the screw is screwed from the second imaging camera 112. A process of inputting a second image including a screw groove located on the other side opposite to the one side with the axis W of the axis W sandwiched is performed.

FIG. 29A shows the input first image and the second image, the first image captured by the first imaging camera 111 is the upper image, and the second imaging camera 112 captures the first image. The second image captured is the lower image. Note that FIG. 29A illustrates the contour lines of the screw shaft W, respectively. The contour image of the screw groove in this first image is a contour image corresponding to an accurate cross section of the screw groove because the optical axis of the first imaging camera 111 coincides with the lead angle of the screw groove on one side. It has become. On the other hand, the contour image of the screw groove in the second image is an image in which the contour of the screw groove is distorted because the optical axis of the second imaging camera 112 does not match the lead angle of the screw groove on the other side. ..

Next, the measurement operation control unit 117 rotates the first spindle 9 and the second spindle 11 of the multi-tasking machine 2 via the multi-tasking machine control unit 4, so that the screw shaft W is centered on the axis. After being inverted by 180 °, a process of inputting a third image including the screw groove on the other side rotated in the region on one side from the first imaging camera 111 via the image input unit 116. To execute. A third image (outline of the screw axis W) captured by the first imaging camera 111 is shown in FIG. 29 (b). By rotating the screw groove on the other side by 180 ° to the region on the one side, the optical axis of the first imaging camera 111 and the lead angle of the screw groove on the other side are aligned with each other. The contour image of the thread groove on the other side in the third image is a contour image corresponding to an accurate cross section of the thread groove.

The dimension calculation unit 118 extracts the contour of the thread groove on one side based on the first image captured as described above, and then calculates the center positions of at least two adjacent thread grooves. , The pitch, which is the distance between the center positions of the adjacent screw grooves in the direction along the axis, is calculated, and the first reference position preset in the first image and the center position of the screw groove on one side thereof are calculated. The process of calculating the radial distance of the screw shaft W, which is the distance between the screw shaft W and the screw shaft W, is performed.

In FIG. 29A, the first image captured by the first imaging camera 111 is represented by a coordinate system with the Ya axis-Za axis as a reference axis, and the origin in the Ya axis-Za axis coordinate system is described above. This is the first reference position and coincides with the imaging optical axis of the first imaging camera 111. Further, the Ya axis coincides with the radial direction of the screw shaft (the Y axis), and the Za axis coincides with the longitudinal direction of the screw shaft (the Z axis). _{The dimension calculation unit 118 calculates the center positions (Ya 1} , Za ₁ ) and (Ya ₂ , Za ₂ ) of each thread groove from the extracted contour shape of the thread groove, and then Z of the center position of the adjacent thread groove. The axial interval is calculated as the pitch P (= Za _2- Za _1). Then, the dimension calculation unit 118 assigns the _{calculated value of Ya 1} (= Ya ₂ ) as the distance between the above-mentioned first reference position and the center position of the thread groove on one side.

Next, the dimension calculation unit 118 extracts the outer peripheral contour corresponding to the outer circumference of the screw shaft W located on the other side based on the second image captured as described above, and the second The process of calculating the radial distance of the screw shaft W, which is the distance between the second reference position preset in the image and the outer peripheral contour on the other side, is performed.

In FIG. 29A, the second image captured by the second imaging camera 112 is represented by a coordinate system with the Yb axis-Zb axis as a reference axis, and the origin in the Yb axis-Zb axis coordinate system is described above. This is the second reference position and coincides with the imaging optical axis of the second imaging camera 112. Further, the Yb axis coincides with the radial direction of the screw shaft (the Y axis), and the Zb axis coincides with the longitudinal direction of the screw shaft (the Z axis). _{The dimension calculation unit 118 calculates Yb 1} which is a position in the radial direction from the extracted outer peripheral contour shape of the thread groove, and calculates Yb as the distance between the second reference position and the outer peripheral contour on the other side. Assign a value of _1. Yp is the radial distance (inter-axis distance) between the imaging optical axis of the first imaging camera 111 and the imaging optical axis of the second imaging camera 112, and is derived in advance by appropriate calibration. ..

Next, the dimension calculation unit 118 extracts the contour of the thread groove on the other side based on the third image captured as described above, and calculates the center position of the thread groove on the other side. At the same time, a process of extracting the outer peripheral contour corresponding to the outer circumference of the other side of the screw shaft and calculating the distance in the radial direction between the center position of the thread groove on the other side and the outer peripheral contour of the other side. Do.

In FIG. 29B, the third image captured by the first imaging camera 111 is represented by a coordinate system with the Ya axis-Za axis as a reference axis, as described above. In the third image, the dimension calculation unit 118 extracts the contour of the screw groove on the other side _{, calculates the center position (Ya 3} , Za ₃ ) of the screw groove from the extracted contour shape of the screw groove, and calculates the center position (Ya 3, Za 3) of the screw groove. , The outer peripheral contour of the other side of the screw shaft W is extracted, and the radial direction (that is, Ya axis) between the _{extracted outer peripheral contour of the other side and the center position (Ya 3} , Za _{3) of the other side screw groove is extracted.} The distance Δ (= Ya _{3 -Ya 4} ) of the direction) is calculated.

Next, the dimension calculation unit 118 includes a radial distance between the obtained first reference position and the center position of the thread groove on one side, the second reference position and the outer peripheral contour on the other side. The radial distance between the two, the radial distance between the center position of the thread groove on the other side and the outer peripheral contour on the other side, and the first reference position and the second reference position obtained in advance. A process of calculating the effective diameter of the thread groove is performed based on the radial distance between the thread and the groove.

FIG. 29 (c) is an explanatory diagram for explaining this process in an easy-to-understand manner, in which the second image in FIG. 29 (a) is replaced with a third image so that the outer peripheral contours of each other match. Is. That is, in FIG. 29A, the center position of the other thread groove in the second image is located at a position shifted in the radial direction by Δ from the outer peripheral contour thereof. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 29 (c), the effective diameter D represented by the radial distance between the center position of the thread groove on one side and the center position of the thread groove on the other side is as follows. Calculated by the formula.
D = Ya ₁ + Yp + Yb ₁ + Δ
The dimension calculation unit 118 calculates the effective diameter D of the thread groove by this calculation formula.

The measurement unit composed of the first and second imaging cameras 111 and 112, the first and second lighting devices 113 and 114 and the frame 115 is appropriately transferred under the control of the measurement operation control unit 117. As a result, it is transferred between the measurement position and the retracted position set outside the machining area.

According to the multi-tasking apparatus 1 of this example having the above configuration, under the control of the multi-tasking machine control unit 4, the multi-tasking machine 2 is used to change the shaft-shaped work W to the screw shaft W as follows. Is machined, and the screw shaft W is measured on the multi-tasking machine 2 under the control of the measurement operation control unit 117.

[Processing of screw shaft]
First, in this example, as a material for processing the screw shaft W, a long shaft-shaped work W made of a general material is used. The shaft-shaped work W has center holes drilled on both end surfaces and has a quenching process on the surface in advance, and has a set hardness at a predetermined depth in the radial direction thereof. Further, the shaft-shaped work W is ground at least on the outer peripheral surface on which the thread groove should be formed.

First, both ends of the shaft-shaped work W are gripped by the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25. At that time, the mandrel shafts 24 and 29 of the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25 are pressed against the center hole of the shaft-shaped work W, and the shaft-shaped work W is supported by the mandrel shafts 24 and 29. Further, it is gripped by the gripping claws 22 and 27. As described above, since the four gripping surfaces 23a-23d and 28a-28d having different curvatures are formed on the gripping claws 22 and 27 of the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25, one type of gripping is performed. It is possible to grip four shaft-shaped workpieces W having different outer diameters depending on the claws 22 and 27.

Further, the shaft-shaped work W is clamped from above and below by a receiving member 74 and a pressing member 75 of a set of steady rest devices 72 mounted on the turret 16. The positions of the tool post 15 in the Y'axis direction are the bottom striations of the V-shaped groove 74a of the receiving member 74 and the V-shaped groove 75a of the holding member 75, and the first spindle 9 and the second spindle 11. (In other words, the axis of the axial work W) is adjusted in advance so as to coincide with the upper and lower axes. In such a state, the shaft-shaped work W is gripped by the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25, and is clamped by a set of steady rest devices 72.

Next, the shaft-like work W, as shown in FIG. 2, with a milling tool T _M is a rotating cutting tool, the screw groove is machined. This processing is the axis of the tool spindle 7 is located within a plane including the axis and the X axis of the shaft-like workpiece W, and, by tilting at a predetermined angle in the plane, the axis of the milling tool T _M is It is executed in a state of being inclined in the plane. Further, this processing is executed as processing position between the pair of the steady rest device 72, in a state in which the milling tool T _M was cut into the X-axis direction relative to the shaft-like workpiece W at a predetermined depth of cut, is rotated the shaft-like workpiece W at a predetermined rotational speed, the milling tool T _M by moving in a predetermined feed amount in the Z axis direction, the screw groove in the shaft-like workpiece W is formed.

By repeatedly executing the cutting operation while gradually cut into the X-axis direction milling tool T _M with respect to the shaft-like workpiece W, forming a thread groove of a predetermined shape in axial workpiece W. At that time, the rotational speed and the milling tool T _M Z-axis direction of the feeding speed of the shaft-like workpiece W, is determined by the pitch of the thread groove to be formed, the milling tool T _M per rotation of the shaft-like workpiece W Z The feed amount in the axial direction has the same value as the pitch of the thread groove. As a result, the lead angle of the formed screw groove becomes a predetermined angle.

Further, in synchronization with the movement in the Z-axis direction of the milling tool T _M, tool rest 15, i.e., it is moved to a set of bracing same movement direction device 72 at the same feed rate (Z axis direction). In the process using a milling tool T _M, to become interrupted cutting, in the case of the shaft-like work W long, although vibration or displacement to the shaft-like workpiece W there is a risk of generating a set of bracing By machining the shaft-shaped work W in a state of being clamped by the device 72, stable machining can be realized, and as a result, the thread groove can be machined with high accuracy. That is, since the receiving member 74 and the pressing member 5 are each composed of one member and have high rigidity, the shaft-shaped work W does not cause displacement or vibration even when a large cutting load due to intermittent cutting acts. , It is supported in a stable state by the steady rest device 72. Also, since to move the locking device 72 vibration in synchronization with the movement of the milling tool T _M, it can be supported by the always steady rest device 72 in the vicinity of the working position of the milling tool T _M, in this sense Also, the shaft-shaped work W can be supported in a stable state.

Further, screw grooves using the milling tool T _M is composed of a roughing and finishing, in the present embodiment, the roughing using the milling tool T _M for rough machining, a machining finish the finishing use a milling tool _{T M.} Note that the milling tool T _M for finishing, it is preferable to use a round tip which is adapted to the shape of the screw groove. The milling tool T _M for roughing and finishing are stored in the tool magazine described above (not shown), by a suitable tool changer (not shown), attached to and detached from the tool spindle 7 is performed.

After finishing of the thread groove with the milling tool T _M, then using the grinding unit 40, performs grinding the screw groove.

First, the milling tool T _M for finishing, stores the tool magazine removed from the tool spindle 7 by the above-described tool changer (not shown) (not shown), to operate the storage device 60, The grinding unit 40 is moved from the inside of the housing 61 to the take-out position. Specifically, after driving the opening / closing mechanism 62 to open the lid 63, the advancing / retreating mechanism 67 is driven to move the tool holding portion 67a holding the grinding unit 40 to the take-out position (FIGS. 7 and 7). (See FIG. 10). As shown in FIG. 10, in the grinding unit 40, the thread groove grinding wheel 55 is on the upper side, the second held portion 52 is located on the accommodating body 61 side, and the first held portion 51 is the accommodating body 61. It is held by the tool holding portion 67a in a posture located on the opposite side of the tool holding portion 67a.

Next, the tool spindle 7 is swiveled so that its axis is horizontal and the tool holding portion faces the accommodating device 60 side, and then the tool spindle 7 is moved in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction. Position the tool spindle 7 so that the axis of the first held portion 51 of the grinding unit 40 at the take-out position is coaxial with the axis of the tool spindle 7. Then, after that, the tool spindle 7 is moved in the Z-axis plus direction to a position where the tool holding portion 51 can hold the first held portion 51 so as to approach the grinding unit 40, and then the tool holding portion moves the tool spindle 7 to a position where the first held portion 51 can be held. 1 The held portion 51 is held, and the holding of the second held portion 52 by the tool holding portion 67a is released.

Next, by moving the tool spindle 7 away from the accommodating body 61, the grinding unit 40 is taken out from the take-out position into the machining area. At that time, the protective tube 56 connected to the grinding unit 40 is pulled out together with the grinding unit 40, but the protective tube 56 is wound around the pulley 65 urged on the side opposite to the opening, and the pulley 65 is protected. As the tube 56 is pulled out, it moves to the opening side while maintaining the urged state, so that the protective tube 56 is always tensioned and pulled out in a state where relaxation is prevented (see FIG. 8). Further, even when the tool spindle 7 moves in the Z-axis direction, the pulley 65 is always urged to the side opposite to the opening side, so that the protective tube 56 is always tensioned and relaxed. There is no such thing. Therefore, there is no possibility that the protective tube 56 is entangled with other structures due to the movement of the tool spindle 7 in the Z-axis direction.

Then, using this grinding tool 55, the thread groove formed in the shaft-shaped work W is ground. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in a state where the shaft-shaped work W is clamped by a set of steady rest devices 72, a thread groove is set between the set of steady rest devices 72 as a grinding position. Grinding. At that time, the tool spindle 7 uses the thread groove grinding wheel 55 so that the rotation axis of the thread groove grinding wheel 55 is at the same angle as the lead angle of the thread groove with respect to the Z axis in the X-axis-Z axis plane. The position of the thread groove grinding wheel 55 in the X-axis direction is positioned so that the rotation center position of the thread groove grinding wheel 55 is located on the Y-axis-Z-axis plane including the axis of the axial work W. At that time, since the rotating shaft of the tool spindle 7 is in a state of being swiveled by a slight angle from the vertical direction, it is possible to grind the thread groove without causing interference between the tool spindle 7 and other structures. it can.

Then, in a state where the thread groove grinding grind 55 is cut into the thread groove of the shaft-shaped work W in the Y-axis direction with a predetermined depth of cut, the shaft-shaped work W is rotated at a predetermined rotation speed, and the screw. The thread groove of the shaft-shaped work W is ground by moving the groove grinding wheel 55 in the Z-axis direction at a predetermined feed speed. The rotation speed of the shaft-shaped work W and the feed speed of the thread groove grinding grind 55 are determined by the pitch of the thread grooves, and the feed amount of the thread groove grinding grind 55 per rotation of the shaft-shaped work W is the pitch of the thread groove. It will be the same value. As a result, the lead angle of the formed screw groove becomes a predetermined angle.

Thus, the shape of the thread groove formed in the shaft-shaped work W is formed by repeatedly executing the grinding operation while gradually cutting the screw groove grinding wheel 55 into the shaft-shaped work W in the Y-axis direction. Is finished in a predetermined shape. At that time, in synchronization with the movement of the thread groove grinding wheel 55 in the Z-axis direction, the tool post 15 is moved in the same movement direction (Z-axis direction) at the same feed rate to grind the steady rest unit 70 in the thread groove. Follow the movement of the grindstone 55. In this way, similarly to the process using the milling tool T _M described above, it can be supported by always steady rest device 72 in the vicinity of the processing position by the screw groove grinding wheel 55, stabilizing the shaft-like workpiece W It can be supported in the state of being.

The shape of the outer peripheral surface of the thread groove grinding wheel 55, which is the grinding action surface, is modified by the rotary dresser 30 described above, if necessary.

Then, when the grinding of the thread groove of the shaft-shaped work W is completed, the advancing / retreating mechanism 67 is driven to move the tool holding portion 67a to the take-out position, and the tool spindle 7 has a horizontal axis and a grinding unit. After turning the tool 40 so that it is located on the tool holding portion 67a side, the tool spindle 7 is moved in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction to move the tool spindle 7 along the axis of the tool spindle 7 and the tool holding portion at the extraction position. Position the 67a so that the axes are coaxial.

After that, the second held portion 52 of the grinding unit 40 is moved in the Z-axis plus direction to a position where it engages with the tool holding portion 67a so that the tool spindle 7 approaches the tool holding portion 67a, and then the tool is held. The second held portion 52 is held by the portion 67a, and the holding of the first held portion 51 by the tool holding portion is released. Next, the tool spindle 7 is moved away from the accommodating device 60, the advancing / retreating mechanism 67 is driven to move the tool holding portion 67a to the accommodating position, and then the opening / closing mechanism 62 is driven to close the lid 63. To. At that time, the protective tube 56 is wound around a pulley 65 urged on the side opposite to the opening, and the pulley 65 opposes the opening while maintaining the urged state as the tool holding portion 67a retracts. Since it moves to the side, tension is always applied to the protective tube 56 to prevent it from being in a relaxed state.

By the above operation, the grinding unit 40 is accommodated in the accommodating device 60. Since the grinding unit 40 is housed in the accommodating device 60 provided outside the processing area when the grinding unit 40 is not used in this way, it may be affected by the coolant liquid used during other processing, chips generated at that time, or the like. It is possible to prevent the grinding unit 40 from being soiled, and it is also possible to prevent inconveniences such as interference between the tools and the like used for this machining and the grinding unit 40 during the other machining.

[Measurement of screw shaft]
As described above, when the screw groove is formed in the shaft-shaped work W and becomes the screw shaft W, the machining accuracy of the screw groove is then measured by the screw shaft measuring device 110 described above. That is, first, under the control of the measurement operation control unit 117, the measurement unit is appropriately transferred to the measurement position by the transfer device. Then, under the control of the measurement operation control unit 117, the rotation of the first spindle 9 and the second spindle 11 of the multi-tasking machine 2 is controlled, and the screw axis W is set to the angle position set as the initial rotation position. After indexing, the first image is input from the first image pickup camera 111 and the second image is input from the second image pickup camera 112 via the image input unit 116. Then, the screw axis W is inverted by 180 ° about the axis line, and then a third image is input from the first imaging camera 111.

Then, based on the input first image, second image, and third image, the dimension calculation unit 118 calculates and calculates the pitch P and the effective diameter D of the screw groove by the above-described processing. The pitch P and the effective diameter D of the thread grooves are output to the output device 5.

If, as a result of the measurement by the screw shaft measuring device 110, the pitch P and the effective diameter D of the screw groove are not finished to the predetermined dimensions and the correction is possible, the correction processing using the grinding unit 40 is performed. It can be carried out.

Further, in the combined processing apparatus 1 of this example, as described above, the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the shaft-shaped work W can be ground by using the _{grinding wheel TG shown in FIGS. 23 and 24.} When processing the outer peripheral surface, grinding can be performed while measuring the outer diameter of the processing with the measuring head 91 using the sizing device 90 described above.

As described above, according to the multi-tasking device 1 of this example, the thread groove of the screw shaft can be machined by one general-purpose multi-tasking device 1, so that a plurality of dedicated machines set for each process can be machined. Compared with the conventional processing using a processing machine, the initial equipment cost can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the screw shaft can be reduced.

Further, since the rough cutting process, the finish cutting process, and the grinding process of the screw groove can be performed by one gripping by the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 25, the machining accuracy deteriorates by repeating the gripping a plurality of times. Can be prevented.

Further, since the rough cutting process, the finishing cutting process, and the grinding process of the thread groove can be performed in a state where the long shaft-shaped work W is clamped by a set of steady rest devices 72, stable processing is realized. As a result, the thread groove can be machined with high precision.

Then, since the grinding of the screw groove is performed by using the grinding unit 40, the grinding can be performed by using a general-purpose compound processing machine 2. Then, the grinding unit 40 is housed in the accommodating device 60, and the grinding unit 40 is taken out from the accommodating device 60 and used only when the grinding process is performed. The grinding unit 40 does not get in the way, and a series of machining can be efficiently performed. Further, since tension is always applied to the protective tube 56 connected to the grinding unit 40, it is possible to prevent the protective tube 56 from becoming an obstacle to the movement of the grinding unit 40.

Further, in this example, since the sizing device 90 is provided in the general-purpose multi-tasking machine 2, this sizing device 90 is used when grinding the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped work W (or the screw shaft W). Since the grinding process can be performed, the grinding process can be performed with high accuracy and efficiency.

Further, in the combined machining apparatus 1 of this example, the accuracy of the thread groove of the machined screw shaft W can be measured on the machine by the screw shaft measuring device 110, so that the screw groove is not finished to a predetermined size. If the correction is possible, the correction process using the grinding unit 40 can be performed. Then, by doing so, a highly accurate screw shaft W can be efficiently manufactured.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific embodiments that the present invention can take are not limited thereto.

For example, in the screw shaft measuring device 110 of the above example, in order to obtain an image in which the outline of the screw groove is clear, the first illuminating device 113 and the second illuminating device 114 are placed with the screw shaft W sandwiched by the first imaging camera. Although it is provided on the side opposite to the 111 and the second imaging camera 112, the present invention is not limited to this, and if an image in which the contour of the thread groove is clear to some extent can be obtained, the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 are provided. May be provided on the same side as the first imaging camera 111 and the second imaging camera 112.

Further, in the screw axis measuring device 110 of the above example, two first imaging cameras 111 and a second imaging camera 112, and two first lighting devices 113 and a second lighting device 114 are provided. The image pickup camera is not limited, and if the image pickup camera has a field of view for capturing the entire radial direction of the screw axis W, one image pickup camera may be provided. In this case, one illumination corresponding to the image pickup camera is provided. It suffices if the device is provided.

Then, in this case, the measurement operation control unit 117 controls the rotation of the first spindle 9 and the second spindle 11 of the multi-tasking machine 2 via the multi-tasking machine control unit 4, and rotates the screw shaft W at the initial stage. After determining the angle position set as the position, a process of inputting a first image including the entire radial direction of the screw axis W from the image pickup camera is performed via the image input unit 116.

FIG. 30 (a) shows a first image to be input, and FIG. 30 (a) illustrates the outline of the screw axis W in the first image. In the contour image of the screw groove in this first image, the upper contour image corresponds to an accurate cross section of the screw groove because the optical axis of the imaging camera coincides with the lead angle of the screw groove on one side. It is a contour image. On the other hand, the lower contour image is an image in which the contour of the screw groove is distorted because the optical axis of the imaging camera does not match the lead angle of the screw groove on the other side.

Next, the measurement operation control unit 117 rotates the first spindle 9 and the second spindle 11 of the multi-tasking machine 2 via the multi-tasking machine control unit 4, so that the screw shaft W is centered on the axis. After inversion by 180 °, a process of inputting a second image including the entire radial direction of the screw axis W from the image pickup camera is executed via the image input unit 116.

FIG. 30B shows a contour image of a screw groove located on one side of the second image (contour line of the screw axis W) captured by the imaging camera. The screw groove on the other side is rotated by 180 ° to the region on the one side so that the optical axis of the image pickup camera and the lead angle of the screw groove on the other side coincide with each other. The contour image of the thread groove on the other side in the image is a contour image corresponding to an accurate cross section of the screw groove.

The dimension calculation unit 118 extracts the contour of the thread groove on one side based on the first image captured as described above, and then calculates the center positions of at least two adjacent thread grooves. , Calculates the pitch of the center position of the adjacent screw groove in the direction along the axis, and corresponds to the outer circumference of the screw shaft located on the other side opposite to the one side across the axis. The outer peripheral contour is extracted, and a process of calculating the radial distance of the screw shaft W, which is the distance between the center position of the screw groove on one side and the outer peripheral contour on the other side, is performed.

In FIG. 30A, the image captured by the image pickup camera is represented by a coordinate system with the Ya axis-Za axis as a reference axis, and the origin in the Ya axis-Za axis coordinate system is the image pickup optical axis of the image pickup camera. Match. Further, the Ya axis coincides with the radial direction of the screw shaft (the Y axis), and the Za axis coincides with the longitudinal direction of the screw shaft (the Z axis). _{The dimension calculation unit 118 calculates the center positions (Ya 1} , Za ₁ ) and (Ya ₂ , Za ₂ ) of each thread groove based on the contour shape of the thread groove extracted from the first image, and then adjacent to each other. The distance between the center positions of the thread grooves in the Z-axis direction is calculated as the _{pitch P (= Za 2-} Za _1). Further, the dimension calculation unit 118 extracts the outer peripheral contour corresponding to the outer circumference of the screw shaft W located on the other side, and determines the distance between the center position of the screw groove on one side and the outer peripheral contour on the other side. Therefore, the process of calculating the radial distance (= Ya ₁ + Ya _{3) of the screw shaft W is performed.} However, Ya ₁ = Ya ₂

Next, the dimension calculation unit 118 extracts the contour of the thread groove on the other side based on the second image captured as described above, and calculates the center position of the thread groove on the other side. At the same time, the outer peripheral contour corresponding to the outer circumference on the other side of the screw shaft W is extracted, and is the distance between the center position of the thread groove on the other side and the outer peripheral contour on the other side, which is the diameter of the screw shaft W. Performs the process of calculating the distance in the direction.

_{In FIG. 30B, the dimension calculation unit 118 calculates the center position (Ya 4} , Za ₄ ) of the screw groove on the other side from the extracted contour shape of the screw groove on the other side, and also calculates the other side of the screw shaft W. The outer peripheral contour corresponding to the outer peripheral surface on the side is extracted, _{and the distance between the center position (Ya 4} , Za ₄ ) of the thread groove on the other side and the outer peripheral contour on the other side in the radial direction (that is, the Ya axis direction). Calculate Δ (= Ya _{4 -Ya 5} ).

Next, the dimension calculation unit 118 determines the radial distance between the obtained center position of the thread groove on one side and the outer peripheral contour on the other side, and the center position of the thread groove on the other side and the other side. A process of calculating the effective diameter of the thread groove is performed based on the radial distance from the outer peripheral contour on the side.

FIG. 30C is an explanatory diagram for explaining this process in an easy-to-understand manner, and the lower contour image in FIG. 30A is a second image (FIG. 30) so that the outer peripheral contours of each other match. It is replaced with (b)). That is, in FIG. 30A, the center position of the other thread groove in the lower contour image is located at a position shifted in the radial direction by Δ from the outer peripheral contour thereof. Therefore, the effective diameter D represented by the radial distance between the center position of the thread groove on one side and the center position of the thread groove on the other side is as follows, as shown in FIG. 30 (c). Calculated by the formula.
D = Ya ₁ + Ya ₃ + Δ
The dimension calculation unit 118 calculates the effective diameter D of the thread groove by this calculation formula.

Further, in the above example, the first headstock 8 and the second headstock 10 having the same configuration are provided, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one of them can simply rotate the shaft-shaped work W. It may be a heart pushing device as a supporting device to support.

Further, in the above example, the grinding unit 40 is accommodated in the accommodating device 60, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the accommodating device 60 includes other processing tools used for cutting, grinding, and the like. A laser machining head, a head for electric discharge machining, and tools such as a measurement tool such as a touch probe may be accommodated. Then, a wire member, that is, a cable such as a wiring, a pipe for supplying a fluid or powder, a protective tube into which these are inserted, and the like are connected to these tools.

Further, in the above example, the V-shaped groove 75a is provided in the pressing member 75, but if the shaft-shaped work W can be sufficiently stably sandwiched, the V-shaped groove 75a is not provided. Further, the spring bodies 81, 82, 83 for urging the pressing member 75 may be appropriately selected or omitted depending on the clamping force of the piston 79. Further, in the above example, the steady rest unit 70 composed of two steady rest devices 72 is attached to the turret 16, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a single steady rest device 72 is attached to the turret 16. You may do so.

Further, in the above example, has been to form a screw groove in the shaft-like workpiece W by the cutting with the milling tool T _M, is not limited to this, it is also possible to form a thread groove by a so-called turning good.

Again, the description of the embodiments described above is exemplary in all respects and is not limiting in any way. Modifications and changes can be made as appropriate for those skilled in the art. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above-described embodiment but by the scope of claims. Further, the scope of the present invention includes modifications from the embodiment within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the claims.

1 Multi-tasking machine 2 Multi-tasking machine 3 Control device 4 Multi-tasking machine Control unit 7 Tool spindle 8 1st spindle 9 1st spindle 10 2nd spindle 11 2nd spindle 15 Tool post 16 Turret 20 1st chuck 22 Gripping claw 23 Grip surface 25 2nd chuck 27 Grip claw 28 Grip surface 30 Rotary dresser 31 Vortex sensor 32 1st point dresser 33 2nd point dresser 40 Grinding unit 41 Housing 45 Rotating shaft 49 Rotor 50 Stator 55 Grinding grindstone 60 Storage device 61 62 Opening and closing mechanism 63 Lid 65 Pulley 66 Slide / urging part 67 Advance / retreat mechanism 67a Tool holding part 70 Anti-sway unit 72 Anti-sway device 73 Base 74 Receiving member 74a V-shaped groove 75 Holding member 75a V-shaped groove 76 Guide Pin 77 Clamp mechanism 90 Dimensioning device 91 Measuring head 92 Magnifier 93 Transfer device 94 Linear transfer mechanism 103 Swivel mechanism 104 Rotation axis 105 Swivel arm 106 Actuator 110 Thread axis measurement device 111 1st imaging camera 112 2nd imaging camera 113 1st Lighting device 114 Second lighting device 115 Image input unit 116 Measurement operation control unit 117 Dimension calculation unit

Claims (4)

A chuck for gripping the work is mounted, and a work spindle for rotating the work gripped by the chuck and a tool spindle for holding and rotating the grinding wheel are provided, and the work is ground by the grinding wheel. In machine tools
A machine tool characterized in that a point dresser for correcting the shape of the grinding wheel is attached to the chuck. The machine tool is characterized in that a rotary cutting tool can be mounted on the tool spindle and the work can be cut by the rotary cutting tool. The first or second claim, wherein a plurality of the point dressers are attached to the chuck, and the grinding wheel is configured to correct the shape of a different grinding action surface corresponding to each point dresser. Machine tool. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the point dresser is attached to an end surface of the chuck.

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