JP2021026037A - Polarization film and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a novel polarization film that although having at least two regions differing in visual sensitivity correction simplicial transmissivity, hardly has mutual region contours viewed, and can exhibit light absorption anisotropy on the whole.SOLUTION: There is provided a polarization film that includes a polarization layer and a base material layer, and that includes a first region and a second region adjoining the first region and having higher visual sensitivity correction simplicial transmissivity than the first region in a plane direction of the polarization film, the second region including a region X which has a difference of less than 30% in visual sensitivity correction simplicial transmissivity from the first region and also has a visual sensitivity correction polarization degree larger than 10%.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

The present invention relates to a polarizing film and a method for producing the same.

Organic EL display devices that use organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) are not only lighter and thinner than liquid crystal display devices, but also have a wide viewing angle, fast response speed, and high image quality such as high contrast. Because it can be realized, it is used in various fields such as smartphones, TVs, and digital cameras. In the organic EL display device, an elliptical polarizing plate is used in order to suppress a decrease in visibility due to light reflection or reflection of external light at the electrodes constituting the device.

As a polarizing film used for such an elliptical polarizing plate, Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose a patterned polarizing film in which a patterned polarizing layer is laminated on a substrate.

JP-A-2015-206852 JP-A-2015-212823 International Publication No. 2019/082744

In the conventional pattern polarizing film, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the visible sensitivity correction single transmittance is low, and the visual sensitivity correction polarization degree (usually) in a general range capable of functioning as a polarizing film. , About 90% or more) and the low polarization region where the transmittance of the single unit for visual sensitivity correction is high and the degree of polarization for visual sensitivity correction is considerably lower than that of the polarization region (usually 10% or less) are clearly visible. Will be done. Luminosity factor correction A polarizing film having at least two regions having different transmittances, in which the contours of each region are difficult to see, and the entire film can exhibit light absorption anisotropy has not been known so far.

The present invention includes a novel polarizing film having at least two regions having different transmittances for luminosity factor correction, making it difficult to visually recognize the contours of each region, and the entire film can exhibit light absorption anisotropy. It is an object of the present invention to provide the manufacturing method.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention includes the following aspects.
[1] A polarizing film including a polarizing layer and a base material layer.
The polarizing film includes a first region in the plane direction and a second region adjacent to the first region and having a higher transmittance for luminosity factor correction than the first region.
The second region is a polarizing film including a region X in which the difference from the luminosity factor correction single transmittance of the first region is less than 30% and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is greater than 10%.
[2] The polarizing film according to the above [1], wherein the region X exists continuously from the outer shell of the second region in contact with the first region toward the inside.
[3] The polarizing film according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the second region has at least two different luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittances.
[4] Any of the above [1] to [3], wherein the difference between the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region and the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the first region is less than 30% in the entire second region. The polarizing film described in Crab.
[5] The polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein the visual sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the first region is 30% or more and less than 55%.
[6] The polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [5] above, wherein the region X has a luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance of 45% or more and 70% or less.
[7] The polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [6] above, wherein the region X has a luminosity factor correction polarization degree of 30% or more and 85% or less.
[8] The polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [7] above, wherein the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance of the second region gradually increases from the outer shell to the inner side of the second region.
[9] The second region is composed of a region 2-1 in contact with the first region and a region 2-2 located inside the region 2-1.
The polarized light according to any one of [1] to [8] above, wherein the luminosity factor-corrected simple substance transmittance in the region 2-2 is substantially uniform and higher than the luminosity factor-corrected simple substance transmittance in the region 2-1. the film.
[10] The polarizing film according to the above [9], wherein the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance of the region 2-1 gradually increases toward the region 2-2.
[11] The polarizing film according to the above [9] or [10], wherein the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the region 2-2 is 45% or more and 70% or less.
[12] The polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [11] above, wherein the planar view shape of the second region is circular, elliptical, oval or polygonal.
[13] The polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [12] above, which has an orientation layer between the polarizing layer and the base material layer.
[14] The polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [13] above, wherein the polarizing layer is a cured layer of a liquid crystal composition containing a dichroic dye and a liquid crystal compound.
[15] An elliptical polarizing plate including the polarizing film according to any one of [1] to [14] and a retardation film.
[16] A method for manufacturing a polarizing film including at least two regions having different luminosity factor single transmittances in the plane direction.
First step of forming a region having a luminosity factor correction single transmittance, and
The region where the transmittance is higher than the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance, the difference from the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance is less than 30%, and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is larger than 10% is defined as the first Luminosity Factor A method for producing a polarizing film, which comprises a step of forming adjacent to a region having a single transmittance.

According to the present invention, a novel polarizing film, which has at least two regions having different transmittances for luminosity factor correction, makes it difficult to visually recognize the contours of each region, and the entire film can exhibit light absorption anisotropy. And the manufacturing method thereof can be provided.

It is the schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the polarizing film of this invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the polarizing film of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance in the ** part of the polarizing film of FIG. 2, which is an example of this invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the polarizing film of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance in the ** part of the polarizing film of FIG. 4, which is an example of this invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the polarizing film of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance in the ** part of the polarizing film of FIG. 6 which is an example of this invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the polarizing film of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance in the ** part of the polarizing film of FIG. 8 which is an example of this invention. It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows an example of the laminated structure in the manufacturing process of the polarizing film of this invention. It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows an example of the laminated structure in the manufacturing process of the polarizing film of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described here, and various modifications can be made without impairing the gist of the present invention.

<Polarizing film>
The polarizing film of the present invention includes a polarizing layer and a base material layer, and includes a first region in the plane direction thereof and a second region adjacent to the first region and having a higher visibility correction single transmittance than the first region. including. The second region includes a region X in which the difference from the luminosity factor correction single transmittance of the first region is less than 30% and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is greater than 10%.

When the second region includes the region X, it is possible to have an effect of making it difficult to visually recognize the region contours of the first region and the second region, which have different transmittances for the luminosity factor correction unit. The region X may be present in any region within the second region as long as the effect in the present invention is produced. Luminosity factor correction Since the boundary between the first region and the second region, which have different transmittances, becomes less noticeable and the effect of reducing the visibility of the contours of the two regions can be easily obtained, the region X is defined as the first region. It is preferable that the second region in contact is continuously present from the outer shell to the inner side.

In one aspect of the present invention, the second region has a substantially uniform luminosity-corrected single transmittance (hereinafter, also referred to as "first aspect"). Hereinafter, an example of the configuration of the polarizing film of the first aspect. In FIG. 1, which is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the polarizing film of the present invention, the polarizing film (11) of the present invention is a base material layer (12) and a polarizing layer (13) laminated on the base layer (12). 2) is a plan view of the polarizing film (11) having the layer structure as shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the polarizing layer (13) side, and is the plane direction of the polarizing film (11). It has a first region (1) and a second region (2) adjacent to the inside in the plane direction of the first region (1). Luminosity correction single transmission in the ** portion of the polarizing film of FIG. In FIG. 3, which schematically represents the rate, the visibility-corrected single-unit transmittance (a) of the second region (2) is higher than the visibility-corrected single-unit transmittance (b) of the first region (1), and is the second. Region (2) Uniform over the entire area.
In the present specification, the "substantially uniform luminosity factor-corrected single-transmittance" means that the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the luminosity-corrected single-unit transmittance in the region is within 2%. "Uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance" means that the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the region is within 1%.

In the first aspect, the difference between the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the first region and the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region is less than 30%, preferably 25% or less, and more preferably 20% or less. .. If the difference between the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region and the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the first region is less than or equal to the above upper limit, it becomes difficult to visually recognize the region contours of the first region and the second region. The difference in appearance between the first region and the second region can be reduced. The lower limit of the difference between the luminosity factor-corrected simple substance transmittance in the first region and the luminosity factor-corrected simple substance transmittance in the second region in the first aspect may be appropriately determined depending on the intended use of the polarizing film, but is usually 1%. It exceeds, preferably 2% or more, and more preferably 3% or more.

In the first aspect, the second region is preferably region X over the entire area. When the transmittance of the luminosity factor correction unit in the second region is substantially uniform, the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is usually about the same. Therefore, the luminosity factor correction polarization degree in the second region is usually 10% or more, preferably 30% or more, more preferably 35% or more, still more preferably 40% or more, and particularly preferably 45% or more. Further, it is preferably 85% or less, more preferably 83% or less, still more preferably 81% or less. Since the second region has the luminosity factor correction polarization degree within the above range, the entire film exhibits light absorption anisotropy even though the film is patterned in regions having different luminosity factor single transmittances. You can get the film.

In the polarizing film of the first aspect, the first region is preferably a region having a polarizing function required for a polarizing layer constituting a conventional general polarizing film, and usually, a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance is transmitted. Have a rate. The luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance is preferably 30% or more and less than 55%, more preferably 35% or more, further preferably 38% or more, particularly preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 50%. Below, it is more preferably 48% or less, and particularly preferably 45% or less.

In the polarizing film of the first aspect, the luminosity factor correction polarization degree in the first region is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 92% or more, still more preferably 95% or more. The upper limit of the visibility correction single transmittance in the first region is not particularly limited and may be 100%.

In the polarizing film of the first aspect, the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the region X is preferably 45% or more and 70% or less, more preferably 45% or more and 65% or less, and further preferably 45% or more and 60% or less. is there. In the polarizing film of the first aspect, when the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the region X is within the above range, the effect of making the region contours of the first region and the second region inconspicuous tends to be enhanced.

In the polarizing film of the first aspect, the luminosity factor correction polarization degree of the region X is usually 10% or more, preferably 30% or more, more preferably 35% or more, still more preferably 40% or more, and particularly preferably 45% or more. Yes, and it is preferably 85% or less, more preferably 83% or less, still more preferably 81% or less. When the degree of luminosity correction polarization of the region X in the polarizing film of the first aspect is within the above range, the first region and the region X are the films patterned in regions having different luminosity correction single transmittances. The entire area of the film composed of (substantially the second region) is a polarizing film exhibiting light absorption anisotropy.

In the present invention, the luminosity factor corrected single transmittance (Ty) and the luminosity factor corrected polarization degree (Py) can be calculated based on the single transmittance and the degree of polarization measured by using a spectrophotometer. For example, the transmittance of the transmittance range transmission axis direction of the wavelength 380nm~780nm is visible light (alignment vertical) _{(T 1)} and the absorption axis direction (oriented the same direction) to _{(T 2),} the spectrophotometer It can be measured by the double beam method using a device in which a folder with a polarizer is set. The measurement diameter is a circular diameter of 1 mm. For the single transmittance and polarization degree in the visible light range, the single transmittance and polarization degree at each wavelength are calculated using the following equations (Equation 1) and (Equation 2), and further, the two-degree field of view (C) of JIS Z 8701. By performing the luminosity factor correction with the light source), the luminosity factor correction single transmittance (Ty) and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree (Py) can be calculated. In detail, it can be measured and calculated according to the method described in Examples described later.
Elemental transmittance [%] = (T ₁ + T ₂ ) / 2 (Equation 1)
Polarization degree [%] = {(T _1- T ₂ ) / (T ₁ + T ₂ )} x 100 (Equation 2)

By controlling the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in a plurality of steps in the second region, it becomes easy to blur the region contours of the first region and the second region, and the luminosity factor correction single transmittance is higher than that of the first aspect. In another aspect of the present invention, the second region has at least two different luminosity factor correction single transmittances (hereinafter, "third region"), since it is possible to provide a region having a ratio in the second region. Also called "two aspects"). In this case, since the region having the lower transmittance of the luminosity factor correction unit exists in the second region in contact with the first region, the boundary portion between the first region and the second region becomes less noticeable, and the visibility of the region contour is improved. Excellent in lowering effect. Therefore, in the second aspect, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance on the outer side of the second region in contact with the first region is preferably lower than the luminosity factor correction single transmittance inside the second region, and is at least the first region. It is more preferable that the second region in contact is the region X.

In the second aspect, it is preferable that the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region gradually increases from the outer shell to the inner side of the second region. As the luminosity factor correction single transmittance of the second region increases from the outer shell of the second region in contact with the first region toward the inside, the boundary portion between the first region and the second region becomes less noticeable, and the region contour becomes inconspicuous. It is superior in the effect of lowering the visibility of. Examples of the mode in which the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region is gradually increased include the modes shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 8.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a polarizing film (11) having a layer structure as shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the polarizing layer (13) side, and is a first region (1) in the plane direction of the polarizing film (11). And a second region (2) adjacent to the inside in the plane direction of the first region (1). The second region (2) is further composed of a region 2-1 (3) in contact with the first region and a region 2-2 (4) located inside the region 2-1 (3) in the plane direction. Has been done. In FIG. 5, which schematically represents the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the ** part of the polarizing film of FIG. 4, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region (2) is the luminosity factor in the first region (1). The luminosity factor of the region 2-2 (4), which is higher than the corrected single transmittance (b) and constitutes the second region (2), is the luminosity factor of the region 2-1 (3). It is higher than the corrected single transmittance (a-1).

In the polarizing film (11) shown in FIG. 4, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance (a-2) in the region 2-2 (4) is substantially uniform as shown in FIG. 5, and the region 2-1 (region 2-1 (4)) 3) comprises one region having a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance (a-1). Between the region 2-2 having the highest luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region and the first region, the region 2 in which the luminosity factor correction single transmittance is higher than the first region and lower than the region 2-2. By providing -1, it is possible to enhance the effect of making the region contours of the first region and the second region inconspicuous. The luminosity factor correction single transmittance of the region 2-1 may be increased in a plurality of steps by two or more regions each having a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance. In this case, among the plurality of regions having a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance constituting the second region, the region having the highest luminosity factor correction single transmittance is region 2-2, and the other regions. Becomes region 2-1.

Further, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance of the region 2-1 may gradually increase in a gradation manner toward the region 2-2 having a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of a polarizing film (11) in which the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the region 2-1 (3) increases in a gradation manner toward the region 2-2 (4). In FIG. 7, which schematically represents the luminosity factor-corrected single transmittance in the ** part of the polarizing film of FIG. 6, the luminosity factor-corrected single-unit transmittance (a-2) in the region 2-2 (4) is substantially uniform. The transmittance of the region 2-1 (3) is higher than that of the region 2-1 (3), and the transmittance of the region 2-1 (3) is higher than that of the region 2-2 (4). ) Is rising in a gradation pattern.

When the luminosity factor correction single transmittance (a-1) of the region 2-1 (3) gradually increases toward the region 2-2 (4), the region contour between the first region and the second region Even when the region 2-2 (4) having a relatively high luminosity factor correction single transmittance is provided, the difference in appearance between the first region and the second region becomes smaller. Cheap. Therefore, in one aspect of the suitable polarizing film in the second aspect of the present invention, the second region is composed of a region 2-1 in contact with the first region and a region 2-2 located inside the region 2-1. The transmittance of the region 2-2 is substantially the same, and the transmittance of the region 2-1 is higher than that of the region 2-1. It gradually increases toward region 2-2.

The second region does not include the region 2-2 having a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance, and toward a point in the second region, from the outer shell of the second region in contact with the first region to the inside. It may be gradually increased. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an example of such an embodiment, and the polarizing film (11) has a first region (1) in the plane direction and a second region adjacent to the inside in the plane direction of the first region (1). (2) and. In FIG. 9, which schematically represents the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the *** portion of the polarizing film of FIG. 8, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance (a) in the second region (2) is the visual vision of the first region 1. It is higher than the sensitivity correction single transmittance (b), and increases in a gradation from the outer shell of the second region (2) toward one point in the second region (2). Also in this embodiment, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region may be increased in a plurality of steps by two or more regions each having a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance.

The above-mentioned "one point" (hereinafter, also referred to as "center point") when the position of the region 2-2 in the second region and the visible sensitivity correction single-unit transmittance of the second region increase toward one point in the second region. The position of) may be appropriately selected according to the shape of the second region, the use of the polarizing film, and the like, and may be located anywhere in the second region. Normally, the center point in the region 2-2 or the second region is a region or a point having the highest luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region, and therefore, any of the regions in the second region that does not contact the first region. It is preferably located in the crab. When the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region increases toward the inside of the second region, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance is concentric from the outer shell of the second region toward the region 2-2 or the center point. When the height is increased, it becomes easy to suppress the visibility of the region contour due to the difference in the transmittance of the luminosity factor correction unit within the second region.

In the second aspect, the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance in the second region is preferably less than 30%, more preferably 25% or less, still more preferably 20% or less. When the difference in the transmittance of the single unit for visual sensitivity correction in the second region is within the above range, the effect of making the contour of the region that can be visually recognized due to the difference in the transmittance of the single unit for visual sensitivity correction in the second region is inconspicuous is excellent. The lower limit of the difference in the transmittance of the luminosity factor correction unit in the second region may be appropriately determined depending on the application of the polarizing film, the size of the second region, etc., and usually exceeds 1%, preferably 3% or more. It is preferably 5% or more.

In the second aspect, the difference between the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region and the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the first region is preferably less than 30%, more preferably 25 in the entire second region. % Or less, more preferably 20% or less. If the difference from the visibility correction single transmittance of the first region is equal to or less than the above upper limit in the entire area of the second region, it becomes difficult to visually recognize the region contours of the first region and the second region, and the first region and the second region become difficult to see. The difference in appearance from the area can be reduced. The lower limit of the difference between the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the first region and the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region in the first aspect is the distribution of each region in the second region where the luminosity factor correction single transmittance is different. It may be appropriately determined depending on the use of the polarizing film and the like. For example, when the second region has the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance as shown in FIG. 5, the lower limit value usually exceeds 1%, preferably 2% or more, and more preferably 3% or more. When the second region has the luminosity factor correction single transmittance as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the lower limit value as long as the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region is higher than the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the first region. Is not particularly limited.

In the second aspect, the entire second region may be the region X, or a part of the second region may be the region X. When the second region consists of region 2-1 and region 2-2, a part of region 2-1 may be region X, only region 2-1 may be region X, and region 2 Both -1 and region 2-2 may be region X. When the area of the region X in the second region becomes large, the effect of reducing the visibility of the region contours of the first region and the second region tends to be excellent.

Since the area X occupies a certain area or more with respect to the total area of the second area, the effect of making the boundary portion between the first area and the second area inconspicuous can be easily obtained, so that the area of the area X is the second. It is preferable to provide the region X inward from the outer shell of the second region so as to be equal to or more than a certain area with respect to the total area of the region. The area of the region X with respect to the total area of the second region is, for example, 30% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, still more preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 80%. As described above, it is preferable to provide the area X preferably continuously from the outer shell of the second region in contact with the first region toward the inside. In one aspect of the present invention, the entire area of the second region is the region X (that is, the area of the region X is 100% of the total area of the second region).

In the polarizing film of the second aspect, the first region is preferably a region having a polarizing function required for a polarizing layer constituting a conventional general polarizing film, and usually, a substantially uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance is transmitted. Have a rate. The luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance is preferably 30% or more and less than 55%, more preferably 35% or more, further preferably 38% or more, particularly preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 50%. Below, it is more preferably 48% or less, and particularly preferably 45% or less.

In the polarizing film of the second aspect, the luminosity factor correction polarization degree in the first region is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 92% or more, still more preferably 95% or more. The upper limit of the visibility correction single transmittance in the first region is not particularly limited and may be 100%.

In the polarizing film of the second aspect, the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the region X is preferably 45% or more and 70% or less, more preferably 45% or more and 65% or less, and further preferably 45% or more and 60% or less. is there. In the polarizing film of the first aspect, when the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the region X is within the above range, the effect of making the region contours of the first region and the second region inconspicuous tends to be enhanced. When the second region is composed of the region 2-1 and the region 2-2, it is preferable that the visible sensitivity correction single transmittance of the region 2-2 is within the above range.

In the polarizing film of the second aspect, the luminosity factor correction polarization degree of the region X is usually 10% or more, preferably 30% or more, more preferably 35% or more, still more preferably 40% or more, and particularly preferably 45% or more. Yes, and it is preferably 85% or less, more preferably 83% or less, still more preferably 81% or less. When the degree of luminosity correction polarization of the region X in the polarizing film of the first aspect is within the above range, the first region and the region X are the films patterned in regions having different luminosity correction single transmittances. The entire area of the film composed of (substantially the second region) is a polarizing film exhibiting light absorption anisotropy. When the second region is composed of the region 2-1 and the region 2-2, it is preferable that the luminosity factor correction polarization degree of the region 2-2 is within the above range.

In the polarizing film of the second aspect, the maximum value of the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance in the second region is preferably 95% or less, more preferably 90% or less, still more preferably 85% or less, and particularly preferably less than 80%. , Especially preferably 75% or less, and more particularly preferably 70% or less. The minimum value of the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance in the second region is preferably 45% or more. When the second region is composed of the region 2-1 and the region 2-2, the maximum value of the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the region 2-2 is usually the maximum value of the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region. Is within the range of.

In the polarizing film of the second aspect, the minimum value of the luminosity factor correction polarization degree in the second region may be, for example, 0%, preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, still more preferably 30% or more. Is. When the second region is composed of the region 2-1 and the region 2-2, the minimum value of the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the region 2-2 is usually the minimum value of the luminosity factor correction single transmittance in the second region. Is within the range of.

The ratio of the occupied area of each of the first region and the second region to the total area of the polarizing film of the present invention may be appropriately selected according to the use of the polarizing film, the required characteristics, and the like. The ratio of the total occupied area of the first region and the second region to the total area of the surface of the polarizing film is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, still more preferably 99% or more.

The occupied area of the first region with respect to the total area occupied by the first region and the occupied area of the second region is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, still more preferably 80% or more.

The occupied area of the second region with respect to the total area occupied by the first region and the occupied area of the second region is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 30% or less, still more preferably 20% or less. In the polarizing film of the present invention, a plurality of second regions may be independently provided in the first region.

In the polarizing film of the present invention, when the second region is composed of the region 2-1 and the region 2-2, the ratio of the occupied area of the region 2-1 to the surface area of the second region is not particularly limited, but for example. It is 20% or more, preferably 30% or more. When the second region is composed of the region 2-1 and the region 2-2, the ratio of the occupied area of the region 2-2 to the surface area of the second region is, for example, 20% or more, preferably 30% or more. For example, it is 80% or less, preferably 70% or less.

In the polarizing film of the present invention, the shape of the second region may be appropriately determined depending on the distribution of each region having different luminosity factor correction single transmittances in the second region, the use of the polarizing film, and the like. The plan view shape of the second region may be any shape such as, for example, a circle; an ellipse; an oval; a polygon such as a triangle, a square, a rectangle, a rhombus; a character shape; a combination thereof, and the like. From the viewpoint of ease of processing when forming the above, it is preferably circular, oval, oval or polygonal.

When the second region is circular, its diameter is preferably 5 cm or less, more preferably 3 cm or less, and even more preferably 2 cm or less. When the second region is elliptical or oval, its long axis is preferably 5 cm or less, more preferably 3 cm or less, and even more preferably 2 cm or less. When the second region is a polygon, the diameter of the virtual circle drawn so that the polygon is inscribed is preferably 5 cm or less, more preferably 3 cm or less, and preferably 2 cm or less. More preferred.

When the polarizing film is a long polarizing film, the long polarizing film is usually cut to a predetermined size according to the application of the polarizing film, so that the polarizing film is placed at a predetermined position after cutting. It is preferable to set the arrangement of the first region and the second region in the elongated polarizing film so that the first region and the second region are formed.

(Base material layer)
In the present invention, the base material layer is not particularly limited as long as it can support the polarizing layer and the alignment layer when producing the polarizing film, and a base material known in the art can be used. Examples of the base material include a glass base material and a resin base material, and a resin base material is preferable from the viewpoint of being able to continuously produce a long polarizing film. The resin base material is preferably a base material having a translucent property capable of transmitting visible light. Here, the translucency means that the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance is 80% or more with respect to the light in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm.

Examples of the resin constituting the resin base material include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; cyclic olefin resins such as norbornene-based polymers; polyvinyl alcohol; polyethylene terephthalate; polymethacrylic acid ester; polyacrylic acid ester; triacetyl cellulose and diacetyl. Cellulose esters such as cellulose and cellulose acetate propionate; polyethylene naphthalate; polycarbonate; polysulfone; polyethersulfone; polyether ketone; polyphenylene sulfide and polyphenylene oxide; and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of commercially available cellulose ester resin base materials include "Fujitac Film" (manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.); "KC8UX2M", "KC8UY" and "KC4UY" (manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd.). ..

Commercially available cyclic olefin resins include "Topas" (registered trademark) (Ticona (Germany)), "Arton" (registered trademark) (JSR Corporation), "ZEONOR" (registered trademark), Examples thereof include "ZEONEX" (registered trademark) (above, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Corporation) and "Apel" (registered trademark) (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.). Such a cyclic olefin resin can be formed into a film by a known means such as a solvent casting method and a melt extrusion method to obtain a resin base material. A commercially available resin base material of a cyclic olefin resin can also be used. As the resin base material of the commercially available cyclic olefin resin, "Scina" (registered trademark), "SCA40" (registered trademark) (all manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), "Zeonoa film" (registered trademark) (Optes Co., Ltd.) (Manufactured by JSR Corporation) and "Arton Film" (registered trademark) (manufactured by JSR Corporation).

The thickness of the base material layer is preferably thin in terms of mass that can be practically handled, but is usually 5 μm to 300 μm, preferably 20 μm to 200 μm from the viewpoint of strength and processability. .. Further, the base material layer may be provided so as to be peelable. For example, the patterned polarizing layer of the polarizing film can be peeled off from the polarizing film after being bonded to a member forming a display device, a retardation film described later, or the like. It may be a thing. As a result, a further thinning effect of the polarizing film can be obtained.

The base material layer may have a one-layer structure or a multi-layer structure having two or more layers. When the base material layer has a multi-layer structure, each layer may be formed of the same material or may be formed of different materials.

Further, the base material layer may have a phase difference function such as a 1/4 wave plate function. Since the base material layer has a retardation function, a polarizing film having a function of an elliptical polarizing plate can be obtained by combining the base material layer and the patterned polarizing layer. As a result, an elliptical polarizing plate can be obtained without attaching a retardation film to the polarizing film separately from the base material layer. When the base material layer has a multi-layer structure, a layer having a 1/2 wave plate function and a layer having a 1/4 wave plate function are laminated, and a patterned polarizing layer is used for 1/2 wavelength. An elliptical polarizing plate can be obtained by laminating on the layer side having a plate function. Alternatively, when the base material layer has a multi-layer structure, the elliptical polarizing plate can also be formed by using a layer in which a layer having a 1/4 wave plate function of inverse wavelength dispersion and a layer having a positive C plate function are laminated. Obtainable.

(Polarizing layer)
In the present invention, the polarizing layer is a layer having a polarizing function, and is not particularly limited as long as it can form a first region and a second region in the plane of the layer. As the polarizing layer, a film generally used as a conventional polarizing film can be used. For example, a stretched film having a dye having absorption anisotropy adsorbed or a film coated with a dye having absorption anisotropy is polarized. Examples include a film (layer) included as a child. Examples of the dye having absorption anisotropy include a dichroic dye.

A polarizing layer containing a stretched film on which a dye having absorption anisotropy is adsorbed as a polarizer is usually formed by dyeing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film with a bicolor dye in a step of uniaxially aligning the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film. At least of the polarizer produced through a step of adsorbing a dichroic dye, a step of treating a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film on which the dichroic dye is adsorbed with an aqueous boric acid solution, and a step of washing with water after treatment with the aqueous boric acid solution. It is produced by sandwiching one surface with a transparent protective film via an adhesive.

The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate-based resin. As the polyvinyl acetate-based resin, in addition to polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, a copolymer of vinyl acetate and another monomer copolymerizable therewith is used. Examples of other monomers copolymerizable with vinyl acetate include unsaturated carboxylic acids, olefins, vinyl ethers, unsaturated sulfonic acids, and acrylamides having an ammonium group.

The degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is usually about 85 to 100 mol%, preferably 98 mol% or more. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be modified, and for example, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehydes can also be used. The degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is usually about 1,000 to 10,000, preferably in the range of 1,500 to 5,000.

A film formed of such a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is used as a raw film for a polarizing layer. The method for forming the film of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is not particularly limited, and the film can be formed by a known method. The film thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol-based raw film can be, for example, about 10 to 150 μm.

The uniaxial stretching of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film can be performed before dyeing with a dichroic dye, at the same time as dyeing, or after dyeing. When the uniaxial stretching is performed after dyeing, the uniaxial stretching may be performed before the boric acid treatment or during the boric acid treatment. It is also possible to perform uniaxial stretching at these multiple stages. In uniaxial stretching, rolls having different peripheral speeds may be uniaxially stretched, or thermal rolls may be used to uniaxially stretch. Further, the uniaxial stretching may be a dry stretching in which the stretching is performed in the atmosphere, or a wet stretching in which the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is swollen using a solvent. The draw ratio is usually about 3 to 8 times.

Dyeing of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film with a dichroic dye is performed, for example, by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing the dichroic dye.

Specifically, as the dichroic dye, iodine or a dichroic organic dye is used. Examples of the dichroic organic dye include C.I. I. Examples thereof include a dichroic direct dye composed of a disazo compound such as DIRECT RED 39, and a dichroic direct dye composed of a compound such as trisazo and tetrakisazo. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is preferably immersed in water before the dyeing treatment.

When iodine is used as the dichroic dye, a method of immersing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing iodine and potassium iodide for dyeing is usually adopted. The iodine content in this aqueous solution is usually about 0.01 to 1 part by mass per 100 parts by mass of water. The content of potassium iodide is usually about 0.5 to 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of water. The temperature of the aqueous solution used for dyeing is usually about 20 to 40 ° C. The immersion time (staining time) in this aqueous solution is usually about 20 to 1,800 seconds.

On the other hand, when a dichroic organic dye is used as the dichroic dye, a method of immersing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble dichroic dye and dyeing is usually adopted. The content of the dichroic organic dye in this aqueous solution is usually ^{about 1 × 10 -4} to 10 parts by mass, preferably 1 × 10 ^-3 to 1 part by mass, more preferably 1 × 10 -4 to 1 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of water. Is 1 × 10 ^-3 to 1 × ^10-2 parts by mass. This aqueous solution may contain an inorganic salt such as sodium sulfate as a dyeing aid. The temperature of the dichroic dye aqueous solution used for dyeing is usually about 20 to 80 ° C. The immersion time (staining time) in this aqueous solution is usually about 10 to 1,800 seconds.

The boric acid treatment after dyeing with a dichroic dye can usually be performed by immersing the dyed polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous boric acid solution. The content of boric acid in this aqueous boric acid solution is usually about 2 to 15 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 12 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of water. When iodine is used as the bicolor dye, this boric acid aqueous solution preferably contains potassium iodide, and the content of potassium iodide in that case is usually 0.1 to 100 parts by mass of water. It is about 15 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 12 parts by mass. The immersion time in the boric acid aqueous solution is usually about 60 to 1,200 seconds, preferably 150 to 600 seconds, and more preferably 200 to 400 seconds. The temperature of the boric acid treatment is usually 50 ° C. or higher, preferably 50 to 85 ° C., and more preferably 60 to 80 ° C.

The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film after the boric acid treatment is usually washed with water. The water washing treatment can be performed, for example, by immersing the boric acid-treated polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in water. The temperature of water in the washing treatment is usually about 5 to 40 ° C. The immersion time is usually about 1 to 120 seconds.

After washing with water, a drying treatment is performed to obtain a polarizer. The drying process can be performed using, for example, a hot air dryer or a far-infrared heater. The temperature of the drying treatment is usually about 30 to 100 ° C, preferably 50 to 80 ° C. The drying treatment time is usually about 60 to 600 seconds, preferably 120 to 600 seconds. By the drying treatment, the moisture content of the polarizer is reduced to a practical level. The water content is usually about 5 to 20% by mass, preferably 8 to 15% by mass. When the moisture content is within the above range, a polarizer having appropriate plasticity and excellent thermal stability can be obtained.

The thickness of the polarizing layer obtained by uniaxially stretching, dyeing with a dichroic dye, boric acid treatment, washing with water and drying the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in this way is preferably 5 to 40 μm.

When a stretched film having a dichroic dye adsorbed as described above is used as the polarizing layer, a polarizing layer made of the stretched film is laminated on the base material layer via an adhesive layer or the like. A laminated film containing a base material layer and a polarizing layer can be obtained.

As the film coated with the dye having absorption anisotropy, for example, a composition containing a dichroic dye having liquid crystal properties or a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a dichroic dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is applied. Examples of the film obtained. A polarizing film using a film formed from such a liquid crystal composition as a polarizing layer is advantageous in terms of thinning and productivity as compared with a polarizing film containing a polarizing layer made of a stretched film. Therefore, in the present invention, the polarizing layer is preferably composed of a cured layer of a liquid crystal composition containing a dichroic dye and a liquid crystal compound.

In the polarizing film of the present invention, the liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition for forming a polarizing layer for forming a polarizing layer is not particularly limited, and is in the field of optical films as long as a layer having a polarizing function can be formed. A known liquid crystal compound can be used in. Examples of the liquid crystal compound include a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, a disk-shaped liquid crystal compound, and a mixture thereof. Further, the liquid crystal compound may be a polymer liquid crystal compound, a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, or a mixture thereof.

By using the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, the hue of the polarizing film can be arbitrarily controlled, and the polarizing film can be made significantly thinner. Therefore, it is preferable to use the polymerizable liquid crystal compound as the liquid crystal compound. Further, since the polarizing film can be produced without performing the stretching treatment, it is also advantageous in that it can be a non-stretchable polarizing film without stretching relaxation due to heat.

In the present invention, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (hereinafter, also referred to as “polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A)”) contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition for forming a polarizing layer (hereinafter, also referred to as “polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A)”). Is a liquid crystal compound having at least one polymerizable group. Here, the polymerizable group refers to a group that can participate in the polymerization reaction by an active radical, an acid, or the like generated from the polymerization initiator. Examples of the polymerizable group contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) include a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, a 1-chlorovinyl group, an isopropenyl group, a 4-vinylphenyl group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, and an oxylanyl group. Examples thereof include an oxetanyl group. Of these, a radically polymerizable group is preferable, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, a vinyl group, and a vinyloxy group are more preferable, and an acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group are preferable.

In the present invention, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) is preferably a compound exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property or smectic liquid crystal property, and more preferably a compound exhibiting smectic liquid crystal property. By using a polymerizable liquid crystal compound exhibiting smectic liquid crystal property, a polarizer having a high degree of orientation order can be formed. The liquid crystal state indicated by the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) is a smectic phase (smetic liquid crystal state), and from the viewpoint of achieving a higher degree of orientation order, it is more likely to be a higher-order smectic phase (higher-order smectic liquid crystal state). preferable. Here, the higher-order smectic phase includes smectic B phase, smectic D phase, smectic E phase, smectic F phase, smectic G phase, smectic H phase, smectic I phase, smectic J phase, smectic K phase and smectic L phase. This means that among these, the smectic B phase, the smectic F phase and the smectic I phase are more preferable. The liquid crystal property may be a thermotropic liquid crystal or a liotropic liquid crystal, but the thermotropic liquid crystal is preferable in that precise film thickness control is possible. Further, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) may be a monomer, but may be an oligomer or a polymer in which a polymerizable group is polymerized.

The polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid crystal compound having at least one polymerizable group, and known polymerizable liquid crystal compounds can be used, but compounds exhibiting smectic liquid crystal properties are preferable. Examples of such a polymerizable liquid crystal compound include a compound represented by the following formula (A1) (hereinafter, also referred to as “polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A1)”).
U ^1- V ^1- W ^1- (X ^1- Y ^1- ) _n- X ^2- W ^2- V ^2- U ² (A1)
[In formula (A1),
X ¹ and X ² independently represent a divalent aromatic group or a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, wherein the divalent aromatic group or a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon is used. Even if the hydrogen atom contained in the group is substituted with a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a nitro group. Often, the carbon atom constituting the divalent aromatic group or divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced with an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom. However, ^{at least one of X 1} and X ² is a 1,4-phenylene group which may have a substituent or a cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group which may have a substituent.
Y ¹ is a single bond or divalent linking group.
n is 1 to 3, when n is 2 or more, to a plurality of X ¹ may be the same as each other or may be different. X ² may be the same as or different from any or all of the plurality of X ^1. Further, when n is 2 or more, to a plurality of Y ¹ may be the same as each other or may be different. From the viewpoint of liquid crystallinity, n is preferably 2 or more.
U ¹ represents a hydrogen atom or a polymerizable group.
U ² represents a polymerizable group.
W ¹ and W ² are single-bonded or divalent linking groups independent of each other.
V ¹ and V ² represent an alkanediyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent independently of each other, and −CH ₂ − constituting the alkanediyl group is −O−, It may be replaced with −CO−, −S− or NH−. ]

In the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A1), X ¹ and X ² are independent of each other and preferably have a 1,4-phenylene group which may have a substituent or a substituent. It is a good cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group, and ^{at least one of X 1} and X ² has a 1,4-phenylene group, which may have a substituent, or a substituent. It is also a good cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group, preferably a trans-cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group. The substituents arbitrarily contained in the 1,4-phenylene group which may have a substituent or the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group which may have a substituent include a methyl group and an ethyl. Examples thereof include an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a group and a butyl group, a cyano group and a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom and a fluorine atom. It is preferably unsubstituted.

Further, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A1) has a formula (A1-1) in the formula (A1).
-(X ^1- Y ^1- ) _n- X ^2- (A1-1)
[In the formula, X ¹ , Y ¹ , X ² and n have the same meanings as described above. ]
[Hereinafter referred to as a partial structure (A1-1). ] Has an asymmetrical structure, which is preferable in that smectic liquid crystallinity is easily exhibited.
Examples of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A1) in which the partial structure (A1-1) has an asymmetric structure include, for example.
Examples thereof include a polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A1) in which n is 1 and one X ¹ and X ^{2 have different structures from each other.} Also,
n is 2, two Y ¹ is a compound of the same structure to each other,
Two X ¹ is the same structure to each other, one of X ² are polymerizable liquid crystal compounds from these two X ¹ is different from the structure (A1),
^{X 1} which binds to ^{W 1} of the two ^{X 1} is a structure that is different from the other of ^{X 1} and ^{X 2,} the polymerizable liquid crystal compound than the other ^{X 1} and ^{X 2} have the same structure each other (A1 ) Is also mentioned. further,
n is 3, a compound 3 Y ¹ have the same structure each other,
Any one of the three X ¹ and one X ² are exemplified a structure different from all other three polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A1) is.

Y ¹ _{is, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -} CH 2 O -, - CH 2 CH 2 O -, - COO -, - OCOO-, a single ^{bond, -N = N -, - CR} a = CR b -, -C ≡ C-, -CR ^a = N- or -CO-NR ^a- are preferable. R ^a and R ^b independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Y ¹ _is, -CH ₂ CH 2 -, - more preferably COO- or a single bond, when a plurality of ^{Y 1} are present, ^{Y 1} which binds to ^{X 2} is, _-CH 2 CH ₂ - or - It is more preferably CH _{2 O−.} When X ¹ and X ² are all identical structure, it is preferred that there are two or more Y ¹ are different coupling method together. When there are a plurality of Y ¹ are different coupling method together, since the asymmetric structure, there is a tendency that the smectic liquid crystal is likely to result.

U ² is a polymerizable group. U ¹ is a hydrogen atom or a polymerizable group, preferably a polymerizable group. Both U ¹ and U ² are preferably polymerizable groups, and both are preferably radically polymerizable groups. Examples of the polymerizable group include the same groups as those exemplified above as the polymerizable group of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A). The ^{polymerizable group represented by U 1} and the polymerizable group represented by U ² may be different from each other, but are preferably the same type of group. Further, the polymerizable group may be in a polymerized state or a non-polymerized state, but is preferably in a non-polymerized state.

The ^{alkanediyl group represented by V 1} and V ² includes a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, and a pentane-. 1,5-diyl group, hexane-1,6-diyl group, heptane-1,7-diyl group, octane-1,8-diyl group, decan-1,10-diyl group, tetradecane-1,14-diyl group Examples include groups and icosan-1,20-diyl groups. V ¹ and V ² are preferably an alkanediyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkanediyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

Examples of the substituent arbitrarily contained in the alkanediyl group include a cyano group and a halogen atom. The alkanediyl group is preferably unsubstituted and is an unsubstituted linear alkanediyl group. Is more preferable.

W ¹ and W ² are independent of each other, preferably single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO- or -OCOO-, and more preferably single bond or -O-.

The polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having at least one polymerizable group, and a known polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be used, but it may exhibit smectic liquid crystal properties. Preferably, as a structure that easily exhibits smectic liquid crystallinity, it is preferable to have an asymmetric molecular structure in the molecular structure, and specifically, a polymerizable structure having the following partial structures (Aa) to (Ai). It is more preferable that the liquid crystal compound is a polymerizable liquid crystal compound exhibiting smectic liquid crystal properties. It is more preferable to have a partial structure of (A), (Ab) or (Ac) from the viewpoint of easily exhibiting higher-order smectic liquid crystal properties. In the following (Aa) to (Ai), * represents a bond (single bond).

Specific examples of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) include compounds represented by formulas (A-1) to (A-25). When the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) has a cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group, the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group is preferably a trans form.

Among these, formula (A-2), formula (A-3), formula (A-4), formula (A-5), formula (A-6), formula (A-7), formula (A-). 8), at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (A-13), formula (A-14), formula (A-15), formula (A-16) and formula (A-17). Seeds are preferred. As the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.

The polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) is described in, for example, Lub et al., Recl. Trav. Chim. It can be produced by a known method described in Pays-Bas, 115, 321-328 (1996), or Japanese Patent No. 4719156.

In the present invention, the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) may contain a polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A), but is polymerized from the viewpoint of obtaining a polarizing film having a high degree of orientation order. The ratio of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A) to the total mass of the total polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the property liquid crystal composition (A) is preferably 51% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, and further. It is preferably 90% by mass or more.

When the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) contains two or more kinds of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds (A), at least one of them may be the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (A1), and all of them are polymerizable. It may be a liquid crystal compound (A1). By combining a plurality of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds, the liquid crystal property may be temporarily maintained even at a temperature equal to or lower than the liquid crystal-crystal phase transition temperature.

The content of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) is preferably 40 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 60 to 9% by mass, based on the solid content of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A). It is 99% by mass, more preferably 70 to 99% by mass. When the content of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is within the above range, the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound tends to be high. In the present specification, the solid content means the total amount of the components of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) excluding the solvent.

In the present invention, the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) capable of forming a polarizing layer contains a dichroic dye. Here, the dichroic dye means a dye having a property that the absorbance in the major axis direction and the absorbance in the minor axis direction of the molecule are different. The dichroic dye that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned properties, and may be a dye or a pigment. Further, two or more kinds of dyes or pigments may be used in combination, or dyes and pigments may be used in combination.

The dichroic dye preferably has a _{maximum absorption wavelength (λ MAX} ) in the range of 300 to 700 nm. Examples of such dichroic pigments include acridine pigments, oxazine pigments, cyanine pigments, naphthalene pigments, azo pigments and anthraquinone pigments.

Examples of the azo dye include a monoazo dye, a bisazo dye, a trisazo dye, a tetrakisazo dye, a stilbene azo dye, and the like, and a bisazo dye and a trisazo dye are preferable, and for example, a compound represented by the formula (I) (hereinafter, "compound"). (I) ”).
K ¹ (-N = N-K ² ) _p -N = N-K ³ (I)
[In formula (I), K ¹ and K ³ may independently have a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a naphthyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. Represents a good monovalent heterocyclic group. K ² is a p-phenylene group which may have a substituent, a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group which may have a substituent, or a divalent heterocycle which may have a substituent. Represents a group. p represents an integer of 1 to 4. When p is an integer of 2 or more, the plurality of K ^2s may be the same or different from each other. The -N = N- bond may be replaced with the -C = C-, -COO-, -NHCO-, and -N = CH- bond within the range showing absorption in the visible region. ]

Examples of the monovalent heterocyclic group include a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a heterocyclic compound such as quinoline, thiazole, benzothiazole, thienothiazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, oxazole, and benzoxazole. Examples of the divalent heterocyclic group include a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the heterocyclic compound.

Phenyl group in K ¹ and K ^3, a naphthyl group and a monovalent heterocyclic group, and p- phenylene group in K ^2, as a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group and a divalent substituent heterocyclic group has optionally Is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and a butoxy group; an alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a trifluoromethyl group; a cyano group; Nitro group; Halogen atom; Substituent or unsubstituted amino group such as amino group, diethylamino group, pyrrolidino group (Substituent amino group is an amino group having one or two alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or two It means an amino group in which substituted alkyl groups are bonded to each other to form an alcandiyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. The unsubstituted amino group is −NH ₂ ) and the like.

［式（Ｉ−１）〜（Ｉ−８）中、
Ｂ^１〜Ｂ^３０は、互いに独立して、水素原子、炭素数１〜６のアルキル基、炭素数１〜４のアルコキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換または無置換のアミノ基（置換アミノ基および無置換アミノ基の定義は前記のとおり）、塩素原子またはトリフルオロメチル基を表わす。
ｎ１〜ｎ４は、互いに独立に０〜３の整数を表わす。
ｎ１が２以上である場合、複数のＢ^２は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、
ｎ２が２以上である場合、複数のＢ^６は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、
ｎ３が２以上である場合、複数のＢ^９は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、
ｎ４が２以上である場合、複数のＢ^１４は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。］ Among the compounds (I), compounds represented by any of the following formulas (I-1) to (I-8) are preferable.

[In formulas (I-1) to (I-8),
B ^{1 to} B ³⁰ are independent of each other, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a nitro group, and a substituted or unsubstituted amino group (substituted amino group). And the definition of an unsubstituted amino group is as described above), representing a chlorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group.
n1 to n4 represent integers 0 to 3 independently of each other.
If n1 is 2 or more, a plurality of B ² may be the same or different from each other,
If n2 is 2 or more, plural B ⁶ may be the same or different from each other,
If n3 is 2 or more, plural B ⁹ may be the same or different from each other,
When n4 is 2 or more, the plurality of B ^14s may be the same or different from each other. ]

［式（Ｉ−９）中、
Ｒ^１〜Ｒ^８は、互いに独立して、水素原子、−Ｒ^ｘ、−ＮＨ_２、−ＮＨＲ^ｘ、−ＮＲ^ｘ _２、−ＳＲ^ｘまたはハロゲン原子を表わす。
Ｒ^ｘは、炭素数１〜４のアルキル基または炭素数６〜１２のアリール基を表わす。］ As the anthraquinone dye, a compound represented by the formula (I-9) is preferable.

[In formula (I-9),
R ^{1 to} R ⁸ independently represent a hydrogen atom, -R ^x , -NH ₂ , -NHR ^x , -NR ^x ₂ , -SR ^x or a halogen atom.
R ^x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. ]

［式（Ｉ−１０）中、
Ｒ^９〜Ｒ^１５は、互いに独立して、水素原子、−Ｒ^ｘ、−ＮＨ_２、−ＮＨＲ^ｘ、−ＮＲ^ｘ _２、−ＳＲ^ｘまたはハロゲン原子を表わす。
Ｒ^ｘは、炭素数１〜４のアルキル基または炭素数６〜１２のアリール基を表わす。］ As the oxazone dye, a compound represented by the formula (I-10) is preferable.

[In formula (I-10),
R ^{9 to} R ¹⁵ independently represent a hydrogen atom, -R ^x , -NH ₂ , -NHR ^x , -NR ^x ₂ , -SR ^x or a halogen atom.
R ^x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. ]

［式（Ｉ−１１）中、
Ｒ^１６〜Ｒ^２３は、互いに独立して、水素原子、−Ｒ^ｘ、−ＮＨ_２、−ＮＨＲ^ｘ、−ＮＲ^ｘ _２、−ＳＲ^ｘまたはハロゲン原子を表わす。
Ｒ^ｘは、炭素数１〜４のアルキル基または炭素数６〜１２のアリール基を表わす。］
式（Ｉ−９）、式（Ｉ−１０）および式（Ｉ−１１）において、Ｒ^ｘの炭素数１〜６のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基およびヘキシル基等が挙げられ、炭素数６〜１２のアリール基としては、フェニル基、トルイル基、キシリル基およびナフチル基等が挙げられる。 As the acridine dye, a compound represented by the formula (I-11) is preferable.

[In formula (I-11),
R ^{16 to} R ²³ independently represent a hydrogen atom, -R ^x , -NH ₂ , -NHR ^x , -NR ^x ₂ , -SR ^x or a halogen atom.
R ^x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. ]
In formulas (I-9), formulas (I-10) and formulas (I-11), ^{the alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms of Rx} include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group and pentyl group. And a hexyl group and the like, and examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a toluyl group, a xsilyl group and a naphthyl group.

［式（Ｉ−１２）中、
Ｄ^１およびＤ^２は、互いに独立に、式（Ｉ−１２ａ）〜式（Ｉ−１２ｄ）のいずれかで表される基を表わす。

ｎ５は１〜３の整数を表わす。］

［式（Ｉ−１３）中、
Ｄ^３およびＤ^４は、互いに独立に、式（Ｉ−１３ａ）〜式（１−１３ｈ）のいずれかで表される基を表わす。

ｎ６は１〜３の整数を表わす。］ As the cyanine pigment, a compound represented by the formula (I-12) and a compound represented by the formula (I-13) are preferable.

[In formula (I-12),
D ¹ and D ² represent groups represented by any of the formulas (I-12a) to (I-12d) independently of each other.

n5 represents an integer of 1 to 3. ]

[In formula (I-13),
D ³ and D ⁴ represent groups represented by any of the formulas (I-13a) to (1-13h) independently of each other.

n6 represents an integer of 1 to 3. ]

The content of the dichroic dye in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) (the total amount when a plurality of types are contained) can be appropriately determined depending on the type of the dichroic dye to be used and the like, but the polymerizable liquid crystal compound It is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, and further preferably 0.1 to 12 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass. When the content of the dichroic dye is within the above range, the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is not easily disturbed, and a polarizer having a high degree of orientation order can be obtained.

In the present invention, the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) for forming a polarizer may contain a polymerization initiator. The polymerization initiator is a compound capable of initiating the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and the photopolymerization initiator is preferable in that the polymerization reaction can be started under lower temperature conditions. Specific examples thereof include photopolymerization initiators capable of generating active radicals or acids by the action of light, and among them, photopolymerization initiators that generate radicals by the action of light are preferable. The polymerization initiator can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

A known photopolymerization initiator can be used as the photopolymerization initiator. For example, as the photopolymerization initiator that generates active radicals, a self-cleaving type photopolymerization initiator and a hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiator are used. There is.
As a self-cleaving photopolymerization initiator, self-cleaving benzoin compounds, acetophenone compounds, hydroxyacetophenone compounds, α-aminoacetophenone compounds, oxime ester compounds, acylphosphine oxide compounds, azo compounds, etc. are used. Can be used. Further, as a hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiator, a hydrogen abstraction type benzophenone compound, a benzoin ether compound, a benzyl ketal compound, a dibenzosverone compound, an anthraquinone compound, a xanthone compound, a thioxanthone compound, and a halogenoacetophenone compound are used. Compounds, dialkoxyacetophenone compounds, halogenobis imidazole compounds, halogenotriazine compounds, triazine compounds and the like can be used.

As the photopolymerization initiator that generates an acid, iodonium salt, sulfonium salt and the like can be used.

Among these, the reaction at a low temperature is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing the dissolution of the dye, and the self-cleaving photopolymerization initiator is preferable from the viewpoint of the reaction efficiency at a low temperature, and in particular, an acetophenone compound, a hydroxyacetophenone compound, and α-aminoacetophenone are preferable. System compounds and oxime ester compounds are preferable.

Specific examples of the photopolymerization initiator include the following.
Benzoin compounds such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether and benzoin isobutyl ether;
2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1,2-diphenyl-2,2-dimethoxyethane-1-one, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- [4- (2- (2-) Hydroxyacetophenone such as an oligomer of hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- [4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl] propane-1-one. Phenyl compounds;
Α-Aminoacetophenone such as 2-methyl-2-morpholino-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) propan-1-one, 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butane-1-one, etc. System compounds;
1,2-octanedione, 1- [4- (phenylthio)-, 2- (O-benzoyloxime)], esterone, 1- [9-ethyl-6- (2-methylbenzoyl) -9H-carbazole-3 -Il]-, 1- (O-acetyloxime) and other oxime ester compounds;
Acylphosphine oxide compounds such as 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide and bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphine oxide;
Benzophenone, methyl o-benzoyl benzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenylsulfide, 3,3', 4,4'-tetra (tert-butylperoxycarbonyl) benzophenone and 2,4 Benzophenone compounds such as 6-trimethylbenzophenone;
Dialkoxyacetophenone compounds such as diethoxyacetophenone;
2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- (4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- (4-methoxynaphthyl) -1,3, 5-Triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- (4-methoxystyryl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (5) -Methylfuran-2-yl) ethenyl] -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (fran-2-yl) ethenyl] -1,3,5- Triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl) ethenyl] -1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl) ethenyl] Triazine compounds such as -1,3,5-triazine.
The photopolymerization initiator may be appropriately selected from the above-mentioned photopolymerization initiator in relation to the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A).

Moreover, you may use a commercially available photopolymerization initiator. Commercially available polymerization initiators include Irgacure® 907, 184, 651, 819, 250, and 369, 379, 127, 754, OXE01, OXE02, OXE03 (manufactured by BASF); Omnirad BCIM, Esacure. 1001M, Esasure KIP160 (IDM Resins BV); Sakeol® BZ, Z, and BEE (Seiko Kagaku Co., Ltd.); Kayacure® BP100, and UVI-6992 (Dow) (Chemical Co., Ltd.); ADEKA PUTMER SP-152, N-1717, N-1919, SP-170, ADEKA ARCULDS NCI-831, ADEKA ARCULDS NCI-930 (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation); TAZ-A, And TAZ-PP (manufactured by Nippon Sibel Hegner Co., Ltd.); and TAZ-104 (manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.); and the like.

The content of the polymerization initiator in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) for forming a polarizer is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 0, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. .5 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 8 parts by mass. When the content of the polymerization initiator is within the above upper and lower limit values, the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be carried out without significantly disturbing the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

The polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) may further contain a photosensitizer. By using a photosensitizer, the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be further promoted. Photosensitizers include xanthone compounds such as xantone, thioxanthone (eg, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, etc.); anthracene, alkoxy group-containing anthracene (eg, dibutoxyanthracene, etc.); Examples thereof include phenothiazine and rubrene. The photosensitizer can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

When the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) contains a photosensitizer, the content thereof may be appropriately determined according to the type and amount of the polymerization initiator and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, but the polymerizable liquid crystal compound 100 With respect to parts by mass, 0.1 to 10 parts by mass is preferable, 0.5 to 5 parts by mass is more preferable, and 0.5 to 3 parts by mass is further preferable.

The polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) may contain a leveling agent. The leveling agent has a function of adjusting the fluidity of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition and flattening the coating film obtained by applying the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. Specifically, the surfactant Can be mentioned. As the leveling agent, at least one selected from the group consisting of a leveling agent containing a polyacrylate compound as a main component and a leveling agent containing a fluorine atom-containing compound as a main component is preferable. The leveling agent can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the leveling agent containing a polyacrylate compound as a main component include "BYK-350", "BYK-352", "BYK-353", "BYK-354", "BYK-355", and "BYK-358N". , "BYK-361N", "BYK-380", "BYK-381" and "BYK-392" (BYK Chemie).

Examples of the leveling agent containing a fluorine atom-containing compound as a main component include "Megafuck (registered trademark) R-08", "R-30", "R-90", "F-410", and the same. "F-411", "F-443", "F-445", "F-470", "F-471", "F-477", "F-479", "F-479" "F-482" and "F-483" (DIC Corporation); "Surflon (registered trademark) S-381", "S-382", "S-383", "S-393", "SC-101", "SC-105", "KH-40" and "SA-100" (AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.); "E1830", "E5844" (Daikin Fine Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.) ; "Ftop EF301", "Ftop EF303", "Ftop EF351" and "Ftop EF352" (Mitsubishi Materials Electronics Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be mentioned.

When the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) contains a leveling agent, the content thereof is preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass and 0.05 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. More preferred. When the content of the leveling agent is within the above range, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound tends to be easily horizontally oriented, unevenness is less likely to occur, and a smoother polarizer tends to be obtained.

The polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) may contain a polymerization inhibitor from the viewpoint of stably advancing the polymerization reaction. The degree of progress of the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be controlled by the polymerization inhibitor. Examples of the polymerization inhibitor include radical capture of hydroquinone, alkoxy group-containing hydroquinone, alkoxy group-containing catechol (for example, butyl catechol, etc.), pyrogallol, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyradic and the like. Agents; thiophenols; β-naphthylamines, β-naphthols and the like.

When the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) contains a polymerization inhibitor, the content of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the content of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. It is preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass. When the content of the polymerization inhibitor is within the above range, the polymerization can be carried out without significantly disturbing the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

Furthermore, the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) may contain a reactive additive. As the reactive additive, those having a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond and an active hydrogen reactive group in the molecule are preferable. The "active hydrogen reactive group" referred to here is a group having reactivity with a group having active hydrogen such as a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydroxyl group (-OH) and an amino group (-NH _2). A typical example thereof is a glycidyl group, an oxazoline group, a carbodiimide group, an aziridine group, an imide group, an isocyanate group, a thioisocyanate group, a maleic anhydride group and the like. The number of carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds or active hydrogen reactive groups contained in the reactive additive is usually 1 to 20 each, and preferably 1 to 10 each.

In the reactive additive, it is preferable that at least two active hydrogen-reactive groups are present, and in this case, the plurality of active hydrogen-reactive groups may be the same or different.

The carbon-carbon unsaturated bond contained in the reactive additive may be a carbon-carbon double bond, a carbon-carbon triple bond, or a combination thereof, but is preferably a carbon-carbon double bond. Among them, the reactive additive preferably contains a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond as a vinyl group and / or a (meth) acrylic group. Further, a reactive additive in which the active hydrogen reactive group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an epoxy group, a glycidyl group and an isocyanate group is preferable, and a reactive additive having an acrylic group and an isocyanate group is more preferable. ..

Specific examples of the reactive additive include compounds having a (meth) acrylic group and an epoxy group such as methacryloxyglycidyl ether and acryloxiglycidyl ether; (meth) acrylic group and oxetane such as oxetan acrylate and oxetane methacrylate. Compounds with groups; Compounds with (meth) acrylic groups and lactone groups, such as lactone acrylates and lactone methacrylates; Compounds with vinyl and oxazoline groups, such as vinyl oxazoline and isopropenyl oxazoline; Isocyanatomethyl acrylates , Isocyanatomethyl methacrylate, 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate, 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and the like, oligomers of compounds having a (meth) acrylic group and an isocyanate group. Examples thereof include compounds having a vinyl group or a vinylene group and an acid anhydride, such as methacrylic anhydride, acrylic anhydride, maleic anhydride or vinyl maleic anhydride. Among them, metharoxyglycidyl ether, acryloxiglycidyl ether, isocyanatomethyl acrylate, isocyanatomethyl methacrylate, vinyl oxazoline, 2-isocyanato ethyl acrylate, 2-isocyanato ethyl methacrylate or the above oligomer is preferable, and isocyanato methyl acrylate, 2-Isocyanatoethyl acrylate or the above oligomers are particularly preferred.

Specifically, a compound represented by the following formula (Y) is preferable.

Wherein (Y), n represents an integer of 1 to 10, R ^{1 'is} 2 divalent aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon group or 5 to 20 carbon atoms, having 2 to 20 carbon atoms Represents a valent aromatic hydrocarbon group. Two R ² in each repeating unit ^', one is -NH-, the other is> N-C (= O) -R 3' is a group represented by the. R 3 ^'represents a hydroxyl group or a carbon - represents a group having a carbon unsaturated bond.
^'Of at least one R ^3' formula (Y) in R ³ is a carbon - is a group having a carbon unsaturated bond. ]

Among the reactive additives represented by the formula (Y), a compound represented by the following formula (YY) (hereinafter, may be referred to as a compound (YY)) is particularly preferable (note that n is the same as described above). Meaning).

As the compound (YY), a commercially available product can be used as it is or after purification as needed. Examples of commercially available products include Laromer (registered trademark) LR-9000 (manufactured by BASF).

When the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) contains a reactive additive, the content of the reactive additive is usually 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0, based on 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound. .1 to 5 parts by mass.

The polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) may contain additives other than a photosensitizer, a leveling agent, a polymerization inhibitor and a reactive additive. Examples of other additives include mold release agents, stabilizers, colorants such as bluing agents, flame retardants and lubricants. When the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) contains other additives, the content of the other additives is more than 0% and 20% by mass with respect to the solid content of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A). It is preferably less than or equal to, more preferably more than 0% and 10% by mass or less.

The polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) can be produced by a conventionally known preparation method, and usually contains a polymerizable liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye, and if necessary, a polymerization initiator and the above-mentioned additives. It can be prepared by mixing and stirring.

The polarizing layer constituting the polarizing film of the present invention is, for example,
Forming a coating film of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A),
Removing the solvent from the coating,
The temperature is raised to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the polymerizable liquid crystal compound undergoes a phase transition to the liquid crystal phase, and then the temperature is lowered to cause the polymerizable liquid crystal compound to undergo a phase transition.
It can be formed from the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) by a method including polymerizing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound while maintaining the liquid crystal phase.

The coating film of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) can be formed, for example, by applying the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) directly on the substrate described above or via an alignment film described later. it can. At this time, in particular, since a compound exhibiting smectic liquid crystal property has a high viscosity, the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) can be applied from the viewpoint of improving the coatability of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) and facilitating the formation of a polarizer. The viscosity may be adjusted by adding a solvent to A) (hereinafter, the composition obtained by adding the solvent to the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is also referred to as a "polarizing layer forming composition").

The solvent used in the composition for forming a polarizing layer can be appropriately selected depending on the solubility of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound and the dichroic dye used. Specifically, for example, alcohol solvents such as water, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, methyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, γ-butyrolactone. , Ester solvents such as propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and ethyl lactate, ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, methyl amyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane and heptane, toluene. , Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as xylene, nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile, ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane, and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents such as chloroform and chlorobenzene. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The content of the solvent is preferably 100 to 1900 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 900 parts by mass, and further preferably 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid content constituting the polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A). It is 180 to 600 parts by mass.

As a method of applying the composition for forming a polarizing layer to a substrate or the like, a coating method such as a spin coating method, an extrusion method, a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a bar coating method, an applicator method, or a flexography method is used for printing. Known methods such as a method can be mentioned.

Next, a dry coating film is formed by removing the solvent by drying or the like under the condition that the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the coating film obtained from the composition for forming a polarizing layer does not polymerize. Examples of the drying method include a natural drying method, a ventilation drying method, a heat drying method and a vacuum drying method.

Further, in order to make the polymerizable liquid crystal compound undergo a phase transition to the liquid crystal phase, the temperature is raised to a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature at which the polymerizable liquid crystal compound undergoes a phase transition to the liquid crystal phase, and then the temperature is lowered, so that the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is phased into the liquid crystal phase (smetic phase). Transfer. Such a phase transition may be carried out after removing the solvent in the coating film, or may be carried out at the same time as removing the solvent.

By polymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound while maintaining the (smetic) liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a polarizer is formed as a cured layer of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. The photopolymerization method is preferable as the polymerization method. In photopolymerization, the light irradiating the dry coating film includes the type of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the dry coating film (particularly, the type of the polymerizable group contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal compound), the type of the polymerization initiator, and the type of the polymerization initiator. It is appropriately selected according to the amount thereof and the like. Specific examples thereof include one or more types of active energy rays and active electron beams selected from the group consisting of visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, X-rays, α-rays, β-rays and γ-rays. Among them, ultraviolet light is preferable because it is easy to control the progress of the polymerization reaction and it is possible to use a photopolymerization apparatus widely used in the art, so that photopolymerization can be performed by ultraviolet light. It is preferable to select the type of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound and the polymerization initiator contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. Further, at the time of polymerization, the polymerization temperature can be controlled by irradiating light while cooling the dry coating film by an appropriate cooling means. By adopting such a cooling means, if the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is polymerized at a lower temperature, a polarizer can be appropriately formed even if a substrate having a relatively low heat resistance is used. At the time of photopolymerization, a patterned polarizer can also be obtained by masking or developing.

Examples of the light source of the active energy ray include a low pressure mercury lamp, a medium pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, a halogen lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a tungsten lamp, a gallium lamp, an excima laser, and a wavelength range. Examples thereof include an LED light source that emits 380 to 440 nm, a chemical lamp, a black light lamp, a microwave-excited mercury lamp, and a metal halide lamp.

The ultraviolet irradiation intensity is usually 10 to 3,000 mW / cm ² . The ultraviolet irradiation intensity is preferably the intensity in the wavelength region effective for activating the polymerization initiator. The time for irradiating light is usually 0.1 seconds to 10 minutes, preferably 1 second to 5 minutes, more preferably 5 seconds to 3 minutes, and even more preferably 10 seconds to 1 minute. When irradiated once or multiple times with such an ultraviolet irradiation intensity, the integrated light intensity is 10 to 3,000 mJ / cm ² , preferably 50 to 2,000 mJ / cm ² , and more preferably 100 to 1,000 mJ / cm. It is ^2.

By performing photopolymerization, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is polymerized while maintaining the liquid crystal state of preferably the smectic phase, preferably the higher-order smectic phase, and a polarizing layer is formed. The polarizing layer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound while maintaining the liquid crystal state of the smectic phase has an advantage of high polarization performance due to the action of the dichroic dye. Further, there is an advantage that the strength is excellent as compared with the one coated only with the dichroic dye or the lyotropic liquid crystal.

The thickness of the polarizing layer formed from the composition for forming a polarizing layer can be appropriately selected depending on the application of the polarizing film and the display device to be applied. The film is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, more preferably 0.3 μm or more and 4 μm or less, and further preferably 0.5 μm or more and 3 μm or less.

In the present invention, the polarizing layer formed from the composition for forming a polarizing layer may be laminated (formed) on the surface of the base material via the alignment layer. The alignment layer has an orientation-regulating force that orients the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in a desired direction. In one aspect of the present invention, the polarizing film has an alignment layer between the polarizing layer and the base material layer because the inclusion of the alignment layer makes it easy to improve the alignment accuracy of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. The alignment layer has solvent resistance that does not dissolve when a composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is applied, and also has heat resistance in heat treatment for removing the solvent and aligning the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. preferable. In the present invention, examples of the alignment layer include an alignment film containing an orientation polymer, a photoalignment film, a grub alignment film having an uneven pattern or a plurality of grooves on the surface, a stretched film stretched in the orientation direction, and the like. A photo-aligned film is preferable from the viewpoint of angle accuracy and quality, water resistance and flexibility of the polarizing film including the alignment layer. The photoalignment film is also advantageous in that the direction of the orientation regulating force can be arbitrarily controlled by selecting the polarization direction of the polarized light to be irradiated.

Examples of the oriented polymer include polyamides and gelatins having an amide bond in the molecule, polyimide having an imide bond in the molecule and polyamic acid, which is a hydrolyzate thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, alkyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, and poly. Examples thereof include oxazol, polyethyleneimine, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid esters. Of these, polyvinyl alcohol is preferable. The oriented polymer can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The alignment film containing the orientation polymer is usually formed by applying a composition in which the orientation polymer is dissolved in a solvent (hereinafter, also referred to as “orientation polymer composition”) to a substrate to remove the solvent or orientation. It is obtained by applying the polymer composition to a substrate, removing the solvent, and rubbing (rubbing method). Examples of the solvent include the same solvents as those exemplified above as the solvents that can be used in the composition for forming a polarizing layer.

The concentration of the oriented polymer in the oriented polymer composition may be in the range where the oriented polymer material can be completely dissolved in the solvent, but is preferably 0.1 to 20% in terms of solid content with respect to the solution, and is 0. .1 to 10% is more preferable.

As the orientation polymer composition, a commercially available alignment film material may be used as it is. Examples of commercially available alignment film materials include Sunever (registered trademark, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and Optomer (registered trademark, manufactured by JSR Corporation).

Examples of the method of applying the oriented polymer composition to the substrate include the same methods as those exemplified above as the method of applying the composition for forming a polarizing layer to the substrate.

Examples of the method for removing the solvent contained in the oriented polymer composition include a natural drying method, a ventilation drying method, a heat drying method and a vacuum drying method.

In order to impart an orientation regulating force to the alignment film, a rubbing treatment can be performed as needed (rubbing method). As a method of imparting orientation-regulating force by the rubbing method, a rubbing cloth is wrapped around a rotating rubbing roll, and an orientation polymer composition is applied to the substrate and annealed to form the surface of the substrate. Examples thereof include a method of contacting a film of an oriented polymer. If masking is performed during the rubbing treatment, a plurality of regions (patterns) having different orientation directions can be formed on the alignment film.

The photo-alignment film is usually formed by applying a composition containing a polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group and a solvent (hereinafter, also referred to as “composition for forming a photo-alignment film”) to a substrate and polarizing (preferably, preferably). It is obtained by irradiating polarized UV).

A photoreactive group is a group that produces a liquid crystal orientation ability when irradiated with light. Specific examples thereof include groups involved in photoreactions that are the origin of liquid crystal orientation ability such as molecular orientation induction or isomerization reaction, dimerization reaction, photocrosslinking reaction or photodecomposition reaction generated by light irradiation. Of these, groups involved in the dimerization reaction or photocrosslinking reaction are preferable because they are excellent in orientation. As the photoreactive group, an unsaturated bond, particularly a group having a double bond is preferable, and a carbon-carbon double bond (C = C bond), a carbon-nitrogen double bond (C = N bond), and a nitrogen-nitrogen bond are used. A group having at least one selected from the group consisting of a double bond (N = N bond) and a carbon-oxygen double bond (C = O bond) is particularly preferable.

Examples of the photoreactive group having a C = C bond include a vinyl group, a polyene group, a stilbene group, a stillbazole group, a stillvazolium group, a chalcone group, a cinnamoyl group and the like. Examples of the photoreactive group having a C = N bond include a group having a structure such as an aromatic Schiff base and an aromatic hydrazone. Examples of the photoreactive group having an N = N bond include an azobenzene group, an azonaphthalene group, an aromatic heterocyclic azo group, a bisazo group, a formazan group, and a group having an azoxybenzene structure. Examples of the photoreactive group having a C = O bond include a benzophenone group, a coumarin group, an anthraquinone group, a maleimide group and the like. These groups may have substituents such as an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an allyloxy group, a cyano group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group and an alkyl halide group.

Among them, a photoreactive group involved in a photodimerization reaction is preferable, and a photoalignment film having a relatively small amount of polarized light required for photoalignment and excellent thermal stability and stability over time can be easily obtained. Cinnamoyle groups and chalcone groups are preferred. As the polymer having a photoreactive group, a polymer having a cinnamoyl group such that the terminal portion of the side chain of the polymer has a cinnamic acid structure is particularly preferable.

By applying the composition for forming a photoalignment film onto a base material, a photoalignment-inducing layer can be formed on the base material. Examples of the solvent contained in the composition include the same solvents as those exemplified above as the solvent that can be used in the composition for forming a polarizing layer, and are appropriately used depending on the solubility of the polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group. You can choose.

The content of the polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group in the composition for forming a photo-alignment film can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of the polymer or monomer and the thickness of the target photo-alignment film, but the composition for forming a photo-alignment film. It is preferably at least 0.2% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 10% by mass, based on the mass of the above. The composition for forming a photoalignment film may contain a polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide or a photosensitizer as long as the characteristics of the photoalignment film are not significantly impaired.

As a method of applying the composition for forming a photoalignment film on a substrate and a method of removing a solvent from the applied composition for forming a photoalignment film, a method of applying a composition for forming a polarizing layer to a substrate And a method similar to the method of removing the solvent.

Polarized light irradiation is performed by irradiating polarized light from the base material side and transmitting polarized light to irradiate the composition for forming a photoalignment film coated on the substrate with the solvent removed and directly irradiating the polarized UV. It may be in the form. Further, it is particularly preferable that the polarized light is substantially parallel light. The wavelength of the polarized light to be irradiated is preferably in the wavelength range in which the photoreactive group of the polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group can absorb light energy. Specifically, UV (ultraviolet rays) having a wavelength in the range of 250 to 400 nm is particularly preferable. Examples of the light source used for the polarized light irradiation include xenon lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, ultraviolet light lasers such as KrF and ArF, and high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high pressure mercury lamps and metal halide lamps. preferable. Among these, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp, and a metal halide lamp are preferable because they have a high emission intensity of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 313 nm. Polarized UV can be irradiated by irradiating the light from the light source through an appropriate polarizer. As such a polarizer, a polarizing filter, a polarizing prism such as Gran Thomson or Gran Tailor, or a wire grid type polarizer can be used.

If masking is performed during rubbing or polarized light irradiation, it is possible to form a plurality of regions (patterns) in which the directions of liquid crystal orientation are different.

A groove alignment film is a film having an uneven pattern or a plurality of grooves on the surface of the film. When the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is applied to a film having a plurality of linear grubs arranged at equal intervals, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in the direction along the groove.

As a method of obtaining a grub alignment film, a method of forming an uneven pattern by performing exposure and rinsing treatment after exposure through an exposure mask having a pattern-shaped slit on the surface of the photosensitive polyimide film, and a plate having grooves on the surface. A method of forming a layer of UV-curable resin before curing on a shaped master, transferring the formed resin layer to a substrate and then curing, and a film of UV-curable resin before curing formed on the substrate. Examples thereof include a method in which a roll-shaped master having a plurality of grooves is pressed to form irregularities and then cured.

The thickness of the alignment layer (alignment film or photoalignment film containing an alignment polymer) is usually 10 to 5000 nm, preferably 10 to 1000 nm, more preferably 10 to 500 nm, still more preferably 10 to 300 nm, and particularly preferably 30. It is ~ 300 nm.

In this way, it is possible to obtain a laminated film including a polarizing layer composed of a cured layer of a composition for forming a polarizing layer, which is laminated on a base material via an alignment layer, if necessary.

The polarizing film of the present invention may include, in addition to the substrate layer, the polarizing layer and, if necessary, the alignment layer, other layers that the conventional polarizing film may include. Examples of such other layers include a protective layer for protecting the polarizing layer.

<Manufacturing method of polarizing film>
The polarizing film of the present invention is, for example,
First Luminosity Factor Correction A step of forming a region having a single transmittance (hereinafter, also referred to as a “first region forming step”) and
The region where the transmittance is higher than the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance, the difference from the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance is less than 30%, and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is larger than 10% is defined as the first Luminosity factor correction A step of forming adjacent to a region having a single transmittance (hereinafter, also referred to as a "second region forming step").
It can be manufactured by a method including.
Hereinafter, an example of the method for producing the polarizing film of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.

The region having the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance is the region having the luminosity factor correction single transmittance of the first region in the polarizing film of the present invention, and the first region forming step usually forms a polarizing layer. It is a process. The polarizing layer is prepared according to the method exemplified above, depending on the type such as whether it is composed of a stretched film having a dichroic dye adsorbed or a cured layer of a composition for forming a polarizing layer. This allows the laminated film (14) to include a polarizing layer (13) having a substantially uniform first luminosity factor correction single transmittance on the substrate layer (12) as shown in FIG. can get.

The region where the transmittance is higher than the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance, the difference from the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance is less than 30%, and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is greater than 10% is the polarization of the present invention. It corresponds to the region X included in the second region of the film. In the production of the polarizing film of the present invention, the first region and the second region may be produced as completely separate steps, but the ease of production and production efficiency, the optical characteristics of the obtained polarizing film, etc. From the viewpoint, it is preferable to form a polarizing layer having the visibility correction single transmittance of the first region in the entire region finally becoming the first region or the second region, and then to form the second region in a desired region. ..

The second region forming step is, for example,
The laminated film obtained by the first region forming step has a coating region for finally covering the region to be the first region and an exposed region for exposing the region to be finally the second region. A step of laminating a protective film on the laminated film (hereinafter, also referred to as a "protective film laminating step")
The laminated film with the protective film is brought into contact with a solution capable of eluting a part of the dye of the polarizing layer formed in the first region forming step, and the visible sensitivity correction single transmittance of the polarizing layer existing in the exposed region is first. A step of eluting a part of the dye of the polarizing layer in the exposed region so that the transmittance is higher in the range of less than 30% and the luminosity correction polarization degree is larger than 10%. Also called "dissolution contact process")
It can be done by a method including.

In the protective film laminating step, as shown in FIG. 10, a covering region (3) for covering the region finally becoming the first region on the polarizing layer (13) of the laminated film obtained in the first region forming step ( A protective film (20) having an exposed region (22) for exposing a region to be finally a second region is laminated on the laminated film (14). Thereby, the laminated film (15) with a protective film can be obtained. The exposed area (22) can be, for example, an opening of the protective film (20). In the covering region (21), when a solution capable of dissolving a part of the dye in the polarizing layer (13) described later and the laminated film (15) with a protective film are brought into contact with each other, the solution becomes the polarizing layer (15). It is an area for preventing contact with 13). On the other hand, in the exposed region (22) of the protective film (20), the solution can be brought into contact with the polarizing layer (13).

When the polarizing layer (13) comes into contact with the solution, the solution elutes a part of the dye of the polarizing layer (13). By controlling the degree of this elution, the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree of the polarizing layer (13) can be adjusted, so that the exposed region (22) finally becomes a second region. It is preferable to form it in correspondence with. For example, when the polarizing film (11) shown in FIG. 2 is manufactured, it is preferable to determine the shape according to the shape of the second region (2), and it corresponds to the plan view shape of the second region (2). And form it. Considering that the solution penetrates into the polarizing layer, the exposed region (22) may be formed to be slightly smaller than the finally desired second region (2).

Further, the coating region (21) of the protective film (20) is preferably formed so as to correspond to a region in which a part of the dye of the polarizing layer (13) is not eluted. For example, when the polarizing film (11) shown in FIG. 2 is manufactured, it is preferable to determine the shape according to the shape of the first region (1).

As the protective film (20), a sheet-like base material having an exposed region (22) formed therein can be used. The region to be the exposed region (22) is a method of mechanically punching a predetermined portion of the sheet-like base material by punching, a cutting plotter, a water jet, or the like, or a predetermined portion of the sheet-like base material by laser ablation, chemical dissolution, or the like. It can be formed by a method of removing it or the like.

The sheet-like base material forming the protective film (20) is insoluble in the dissolution liquid when a part of the dye of the polarizing layer (13) is brought into contact with the dissolution liquid that can be eluted, and the dissolution liquid or The material is not particularly limited as long as it is durable under the cleaning conditions performed to remove a part of the eluted dye. The sheet-like base material on which the protective film (20) is formed can be formed, for example, by using the same material as the above-mentioned base material layer, and is particularly preferably formed by using a resin base material. It is more preferable to use a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, which easily suppresses deformation of the region (for example, the opening) to be the exposed region (22) of (20).

The protective film (20) preferably has an adhesive layer (not shown) for bonding to the polarizing layer (13). Since the protective film (20) is peeled off later, it is preferable that the adhesive layer can be peeled off from the polarizing layer (13). The thickness of the protective film (20) is usually 20 μm or more, preferably 30 μm or more, and usually 250 μm or less, preferably 200 μm or less.

In the solution contact step, the laminated film (15) with a protective film is brought into contact with a solution capable of eluting a part of the dye of the polarizing layer (13), whereby the polarizing layer (13) existing in the exposed region (22) is brought into contact with the solution. ), The luminosity-corrected single-transmittance and the luminosity-corrected polarization degree can be adjusted to desired values, and a polarizing film containing at least two regions having different luminosity-corrected single-transmittances in the plane direction can be obtained.

For contact between the laminated film with protective film (15) and the dissolution liquid, the laminated film with protective film (15) is immersed in the dissolution liquid, the dissolution liquid is applied to the laminated film with protective film (15), sprayed, dropped, etc. It can be carried out by the method of immersing the laminated film (15) with a protective film in a solution. As a result, of the polarizing layer (13), the solution comes into contact with the surface of the polarizing layer (13) exposed from the exposed region (22) of the protective film (20), and the polarizing layer (13) in the exposed region (22). A part of the pigment inside elutes. By controlling the amount / degree of dye elution, the luminosity factor correction single transmittance and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree of the polarizing layer (13) in the exposed region (22) can be controlled. In general, as the amount of dye to be eluted and removed increases, the transmittance of the luminosity factor correction unit in the region tends to increase, and the luminosity factor correction degree of polarization tends to decrease. Regarding the amount and degree of the dye to be eluted, select / adjust the type of the solution, the contact time between the polarizing layer and the solution, the temperature of the solution, etc., which will be described later, in relation to the materials constituting the polarizing layer. Can be controlled by

Of the surface of the polarizing layer (13), the region covered with the coating region (21) of the protective film (20) is a dye in the polarizing layer (13) because the polarizing layer (13) does not come into direct contact with the solution. Is hard to elute. Therefore, for example, in FIG. 10, the polarizing layer (13) remains in the region corresponding to the covering region (21) of the polarizing layer (13), and the polarizing layer (13) is formed in the region corresponding to the exposed region (22). It is possible to obtain a polarizing film in which the luminosity factor correction single transmittance and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree are controlled with respect to the covering region (21).

Since the solution elutes the dye in the polarizing layer, the thickness of the protective film, the size of the exposed area, the concentration of the solution, so that the dye in the polarizing layer in the unnecessary region is not eluted and removed. It is preferable to adjust the immersion time of the laminated film with the protective film in the solution, the amount of the solution applied to the laminated film with the protective film, the amount of spraying or the amount of dropping.

The dissolution liquid is not particularly limited as long as it elutes a part of the dye of the polarizing layer and does not dissolve the entire polarizing layer and the base material layer and the protective film, but an organic solvent is preferable. For example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as anisole and toluene, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane, esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate and γ-butyrolactone, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclopentanone, and chloroform. Examples thereof include a solution containing sulfur such as chlorine, dimethyl sulfone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and sulfolane. These may be used alone or in combination.

By appropriately selecting these solvents according to the components constituting the polarizing layer, it is possible to control the luminosity factor correction single transmittance and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree of the polarizing layer in the exposed region. For example, it is preferable to use a hydrophilic solvent such as water or alcohol for the polarizing layer based on the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film. Further, it is preferable to use a solvent such as toluene or dimethyl sulfoxide for the polarizing layer which is a cured layer of the composition for forming a polarizing layer containing a dichroic dye and a liquid crystal compound. When the dissolution liquid contact step is performed a plurality of times in order to form a region having at least two different luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittances in the second region, even if the type of the dissolution liquid used in each dissolution liquid contact step is the same. , May be different.

The contact conditions for contacting the laminated film with the protective layer and the dissolution liquid may be appropriately selected according to the thickness of the polarizing layer, the size of the region in contact with the dissolution liquid in order to elute a part of the dye of the polarizing layer, and the like. Good. The temperature of the solution is preferably 10 to 80 ° C, more preferably 20 to 60 ° C. The contact time between the laminated film with the protective layer and the solution may be appropriately adjusted according to the desired luminosity factor correction single transmittance and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree. The contact time is usually 1 to 300 seconds, preferably 5 to 120 seconds.

After the solution contact step, it is preferable to provide a cleaning step for washing away the solution and the eluted dye. In the cleaning step, for example, when the polarizing layer is a cured product of a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a solvent such as water or alcohol that does not dissolve the dye in the polarizing layer or the polarizing layer is appropriately used. Can be done.

After the solution contact step, the protective film is peeled from the laminated film with the protective film (hereinafter, also referred to as “peeling step”), whereby a polarizing film having a first region and a second region can be obtained.

Luminosity factor correction In the polarizing film containing two regions having different single transmittances obtained by the above step, the luminosity factor is corrected by further laminating protective films having different exposed regions and then performing a solution contacting step. It is possible to obtain a polarizing film in which the single transmittance increases stepwise from the outer shell of the second region toward the inner side. For example, in the laminated film (16) with a protective film shown in FIG. 11, it is used in the above step on the polarizing layer (13) having the first region (1) and the second region (2) obtained in the above step. A protective film (25) provided with a covering region (23) and an exposed region (24) different from the protective film (20) that has been used is laminated. The exposed region (24) of the laminated film (16) with the protective film of FIG. 11 is narrower than the exposed region (22) that came into contact with the solution in the previous step, and a part of the dye in the polarizing layer is eluted. By bringing the polarizing layer (13) exposed in the exposed region (24) into contact with the obtained solution, the visible sensitivity correction single transmittance and the visual sensitivity correction polarization degree of the polarizing layer (13) in the exposed region (24). Is adjusted to a desired value, and a polarizing film having a region in which the visible sensitivity correction single transmittance and the visual sensitivity correction polarization degree are further controlled can be obtained inside the second region. By repeating such an operation, for example, a second polarizing film (11) having a region 2-1 (3) as shown in FIG. 4 and a region 2-2 (4) located inside the region 2-1 (3) can be obtained. It is possible to obtain a polarizing film in which the transmittance of the single unit for luminosity factor correction gradually increases from the outer shell of the region to the inner side. By selecting the number of dissolution liquid contact steps, these process conditions, the type of dissolution liquid, etc., the luminosity factor correction single transmittance and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree in the second region are controlled, and FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and A polarizing film having a second region of a pattern as represented by 8 can be produced.

When the dissolution liquid contact step is performed a plurality of times in order to form a region having at least two different luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittances in the second region, even if the type of the dissolution liquid used in each dissolution liquid contact step is the same. , May be different. Further, the contact conditions between the laminated film with the protective film and the solution may be appropriately adjusted according to the desired luminosity factor correction single transmittance and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree, and the conditions adopted in each solution contact step are as follows. It may be the same or different.

In the present invention, the polarizing film can be continuously produced in the Roll to Roll format. In this case, a laminated film containing a base material layer and a polarizing layer, which is wound in a roll shape in the first region forming step, is produced, and the laminated film is conveyed while being unwound, and is subjected to the protective film laminating step and melting. The liquid contact step and the like may be continuously performed. In the protective film laminating step, the protective film wound in a roll shape may be unwound and conveyed, and the protective film may be laminated on the laminated film to obtain a laminated film with a protective film. In the solution contacting step, the laminate film with the protective film is continuously conveyed and passed through the solution bath filled with the solution, or the laminate film with the protective film is continuously conveyed and the solution is applied. A polarizing film with a protective film having a first region and a second region may be obtained by spraying or dropping. After that, the protective film may be continuously peeled off while the polarizing film with the protective film is conveyed, and the polarizing film may be wound into a roll to form a wound body. When the second region is composed of a plurality of regions having different luminosity factor correction single transmittances, a polarizing film having a desired pattern can be produced by repeating the protective film laminating step, the solution contacting step, and the peeling step. .. The polarizing film continuously produced as described above can have a length of, for example, 10 m or more.

In the first region forming step, the base layer wound in a roll shape is unwound and conveyed, and a polarizing layer composed of a stretched film is attached to the base layer via an adhesive layer or the like. The polarizing layer can be continuously formed by continuously coating the composition for forming a polarizing layer on the base material layer by a coating device, drying and curing the composition. When the polarizing film contains an orientation layer between the base material layer and the polarizing layer, for example, the base material layer wound in a roll shape is unwound and conveyed, and continuously on the base material layer by a coating device. The composition for forming an oriented layer may be specifically applied to form an oriented layer.

<Elliptical polarizing plate>
The polarizing film of the present invention can be suitably used as a material constituting an elliptical polarizing plate by laminating it with a retardation film. Therefore, the present invention includes an elliptical polarizing plate including the polarizing film of the present invention and a retardation film.

The retardation film is a stretched film that gives a retardation by stretching a polymer, or a cured product of a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, in which the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is horizontal to the film surface. Examples thereof include a film obtained by curing in a state of being oriented in a direction or a vertical direction. From the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the obtained elliptical polarizing plate, it is preferable that the retardation film is formed from the cured product of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition.
As the polymerizable liquid crystal compound and the polymerizable liquid crystal composition forming the retardation film, for example, those described in JP-A-2011-207765 and the like can be used.

The elliptical polarizing plate of the present invention is configured to include a polarizing film of the present invention or a polarizing film obtained by removing a base material from the polarizing film of the present invention. For example, a phase difference from the polarizing film of the present invention. The elliptical polarizing plate of the present invention can be obtained by laminating a film with a viscous adhesive layer or the like. Further, the elliptical polarizing plate of the present invention can be obtained by laminating a polarizing film from which a substrate has been removed from the polarizing film of the present invention and a retardation film. As the adhesive, an adhesive and / or an adhesive known in the art can be used.

The laminate and elliptical polarizing plate of the present invention can be used in various display devices.
The display device is a device having a display element, and includes a light emitting element or a light emitting device as a light emitting source. Display devices include liquid crystal display devices, organic electroluminescence (EL) display devices, inorganic electroluminescence (EL) display devices, touch panel display devices, electron emission display devices (for example, electric field emission display devices (FED), surface electric field emission display devices). (SED)), electronic paper (display device using electronic ink or electrophoretic element, plasma display device, projection type display device (for example, grating light valve (GLV) display device, display device having a digital micromirror device (DMD)). ) And piezoelectric ceramic displays. The liquid crystal display device includes any of a transmissive liquid crystal display device, a transflective liquid crystal display device, a reflective liquid crystal display device, a direct-view liquid crystal display device, a projection type liquid crystal display device, and the like. These display devices may be display devices that display two-dimensional images, or may be stereoscopic display devices that display three-dimensional images.

The polarizing film of the present invention can be a polarizing film in which the entire film exhibits light absorption anisotropy, even though the film is patterned in regions having different visible sensitivity correction single transmittances. Utilizing such characteristics, for example, the second area is used as an area corresponding to the lens position of a camera provided on a smartphone, tablet, or the like, and an image is displayed in the camera hole area without interfering with the camera function. It can be an optical film that can form a display device that has never existed before.

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Unless otherwise specified, "%" and "part" in Examples and Comparative Examples are mass% and parts by mass.

〔上記式中ｎは、１０〜５０である。〕
・溶剤：ｏ−キシレン ９８部 1. 1. Example 1
(1) Preparation of Orientation Layer Formation Composition The following components were mixed, and the obtained mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain an alignment layer formation composition which is a photoalignment film formation composition. ..
-Two parts of polymer having a photoreactive group shown in the following formula

[N in the above formula is 10 to 50. ]
・ Solvent: 98 parts of o-xylene

・式（１−７）で表される重合性液晶化合物 ２５部

・下記に示す二色性色素（１） ２．８部

・下記に示す二色性色素（２） ２．８部

・下記に示す二色性色素（３） ２．８部

・重合開始剤：２−ジメチルアミノ−２−ベンジル−１−（４−モルホリノフェニル）ブタン−１−オン（イルガキュア３６９；チバスペシャルティケミカルズ社製） ６部
・レベリング剤：ポリアクリレート化合物（ＢＹＫ−３６１Ｎ；ＢＹＫ−Ｃｈｅｍｉｅ社製） １．２部
・溶剤：シクロペンタノン ２５０部 (2) Preparation of Polarizing Layer Forming Composition The following components were mixed and stirred at 80 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a polarizing layer forming composition. As the dichroic dye, the azo dye described in Examples of JP2013-101328A was used.
-75 parts of a polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by the formula (1-6)

25 parts of polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by the formula (1-7)

・ The following dichroic pigment (1) 2.8 parts

・ The following dichroic pigment (2) 2.8 parts

・ The following dichroic pigment (3) 2.8 parts

-Polymerization initiator: 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butane-1-one (Irgacure 369; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 6 parts-Leveling agent: Polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N) ; BYK-Chemie) 1.2 parts ・ Solvent: Cyclopentanone 250 parts

(3) Manufacture of polarizing film (a) Formation of first polarizing layer having visible sensitivity correction single transmittance Triacetyl cellulose film (KC4UY-TAC manufactured by Konica Minolta, thickness 40 μm) as a base material layer is 20 × It was cut out to 20 mm, and the surface thereof was subjected to corona treatment (AGF-B10, manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd.). The composition for forming an alignment layer was applied to the surface of the corona-treated film using a bar coater, and then dried in a drying oven set at 120 ° C. for 1 minute to obtain a coating layer for the alignment layer. Using a polarized UV irradiation device (SPOT CURE SP-7; manufactured by Ushio, Inc.) on the coating layer for the alignment layer, polarized UV in the 0 ° direction with respect to the film side is applied to 50 mJ / cm ² (313 nm standard). An alignment layer was formed by irradiating with the integrated amount of light of. The composition for forming a polarizing layer was applied onto the obtained alignment layer using a bar coater, and then dried in a drying oven set at 110 ° C. for 1 minute. After that, using a high-pressure mercury lamp (Unicure VB-15201BY-A, manufactured by Ushio Denki Co., Ltd.), the liquid crystal was irradiated with ultraviolet rays (in a nitrogen atmosphere, wavelength: 365 nm, integrated light intensity at wavelength 365 nm: 1000 mJ / cm ^2). A polarizing layer in which the compound and the dichroic dye were oriented was obtained. With respect to the obtained polarizing film, the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance (Ty) and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree (Py) were measured according to the method described later. The results are shown in Table 1 as the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance (Ty) and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree (Py) in the first region.

(B) Formation of Second Region (Region 2-1) A protective film (Fujimori) in which an opening (exposed region) of 5 mm is formed on the polarizing layer having the first visible sensitivity correction single transmittance obtained above. AY-638 manufactured by Kogyo Co., Ltd. (composed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 μm on a polyester film having a thickness of 38 μm) is bonded to the opening, and then toluene is used at room temperature (25 ° C.). Was immersed for 60 seconds. Then, after removing toluene, the protective film was peeled off to obtain a polarizing film 1 having a region 2-1. The luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance (Ty) and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree (Py) of the region 2-1 of the obtained polarizing film 1 were measured according to the method described later. The results are shown in Table 1.

(C) Formation of Second Region (Region 2-2) Next, in the above (b), a protective film having a 3 mm opening (exposed region) formed in a region corresponding to a central portion having a diameter of 5 mm in which toluene was immersed. After laminating AY-638 manufactured by Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd. (composed of an adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 μm on a polyester film having a thickness of 38 μm), toluene was added to the opening under the condition of 40 ° C. It was immersed for 10 seconds. Then, after removing toluene, the protective film was peeled off to obtain a polarizing film 2 having a region 2-2 in the central portion of the region 2-1. The luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance (Ty) and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree (Py) of the region 2-2 of the obtained polarizing film 2 were measured according to the method described later. The results are shown in Table 1.

<Measurement of Luminosity Factor Correction Single Transmittance (Ty) and Luminosity Factor Correction Polarity (Py)>
With respect to the obtained polarizing film, the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance (Ty) and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree (Py) were calculated by the following procedure. Set the transmittance in the transmission axis direction (T ₁ ) and the transmittance in the absorption axis direction (T ₂ ) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, and set a folder with a polarizer on a spectrophotometer (UV-3150 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). It was measured by the double beam method using the above-mentioned device. A mesh that cuts the amount of light by 50% was installed on the reference side of the folder. The measurement diameter in each region was narrowed down to a circular diameter of 1 mm. The transmittance and the degree of polarization at each wavelength are calculated according to the following (Equation 1) and (Equation 2), and the luminosity factor is further corrected by the 2 degree field (C light source) of JIS Z 8701. Ty) and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree (Py) were calculated.
Polarization degree [%] = {(T _1- T ₂ ) / (T ₁ + T ₂ )} x 100 (Equation 1)
Elemental transmittance [%] = (T ₁ + T ₂ ) / 2 (Equation 2)

<Evaluation of area contour>
With respect to the obtained polarizing film, the contours of the first region and the second region were visually confirmed at a distance of 1 m under natural light conditions, and evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.
(Evaluation criteria)
4. It was difficult to see the outline.
3. 3. The contour was slightly visible.
2. 2. The outline was vaguely visible.
1. 1. The outline was clearly visible.

<Evaluation of polarization performance>
The degree of polarization of the second region (region 2-2) of the obtained polarizing film was evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.
(Evaluation criteria)
4. Polarization degree is 50% or more 3. Polarization degree is 40% or more and less than 50% 2. Polarization degree is 30% or more and less than 40% 1. Polarization degree is 0% or more and less than 30%

2. 2. Example 2
A protective film (AY-638 manufactured by Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd.) in which an opening of 2 mm was formed in the process of forming the second region (region 2-2). An adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 μm was formed on a polyester film having a thickness of 38 μm. A polarizing film having a region 2-2 in the central portion of the region 2-1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above-mentioned was used, and the performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

3. 3. Example 3
The immersion time in toluene in the step of forming the second region (region 2-1) was 90 seconds, and the immersion time in toluene in the step of forming the second region (region 2-2) was 15 seconds under the condition of 40 ° C. Except for the above, a polarizing film having a region 2-2 in the central portion of the region 2-1 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, and the performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

4. Example 4
Region 2-2 is located in the center of region 2-1 in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the immersion time in toluene in the step of forming the second region (region 2-2) is 30 seconds under the condition of 40 ° C. A polarizing film having the above was prepared and its performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

5. Example 5
A protective film (AY-638 manufactured by Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd.) in which an opening of 4 mm was formed in the process of forming the second region (region 2-2). An adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 μm was formed on a polyester film having a thickness of 38 μm. A polarizing film 2 having a region 2-1-2 in the central portion of the region 2-1-1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the region 2-1-2 was used. Next, in order to form the region 2-1-2, a protective film (Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd.) in which a 3 mm opening (exposed region) was formed in a region corresponding to the central portion having a diameter of 4 mm in which toluene was immersed in the step. AY-638 manufactured by ZACROSS, which is composed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 μm on a polyester film having a thickness of 38 μm), was then immersed in toluene under 40 ° C. conditions for 10 seconds. Next, after removing the toluene, the protective film is peeled off to have the region 2-1-2 inside the region 2-1-1, and further, the region 2-2 is formed in the inner central portion of the region 2-1-2. A polarizing film 3 having the same was obtained. With respect to the obtained polarizing film 3, the visual sensitivity correction single transmittance (Ty) and the visual sensitivity correction polarization degree (Py) of each region were measured and the performance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

6. Example 6
Dimethyl sulfoxide was used instead of toluene in the step of forming the second region (region 2-1), the immersion condition was set to 60 seconds at 80 ° C., and toluene was formed in the step of forming the second region (region 2-2). A polarizing film having a region 2-2 in the central portion of the region 2-1 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that dimethyl sulfoxide was used instead of and the immersion condition was 80 ° C. for 90 seconds. , Performance evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.

7. Example 7
A protective film (AY-638 manufactured by Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd.) in which an opening of 5 mm was formed in the process of forming the second region (region 2-1). An adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 μm was formed on a polyester film having a thickness of 38 μm. Region 2-1 was formed using (consisting of), and the inside of the first region was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the step of forming the second region (region 2-2) was not performed. A polarizing film having a second region of uniform luminosity factor correction single transmittance was prepared and its performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

8. Example 8
In the process of forming the second region (region 2-2), the center of the region 2-1 was similar to that of Example 2 except that anisole was immersed in place of toluene at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 10 seconds. A polarizing film having a region 2-2 in the portion was prepared and its performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

9. Comparative Example 1
In the step of forming the second region (region 2-1), anisole was immersed in place of toluene at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 10 seconds, and the step of forming the second region (region 2-2) was not carried out. Except for the above, in the same manner as in Example 1, a polarizing film having a comparative second region in which the difference from the visible sensitivity correction single transmittance of the first region exceeds 30% is produced inside the first region, and the performance is obtained. Evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.

1: 1st region 2: 2nd region 3: Region 2-1
4: Area 2-2
11: Polarizing film 12: Base material layer 13: Polarizing layer 14: Laminated film 15, 16: Laminated film 20 with protective film 20, 25: Protective film 21, 23: Covered area 22, 24: Exposed area a: Second region Luminosity correction single transmittance a-1: Luminosity correction single transmittance in region 2-1 a-2: Luminosity correction single transmittance in region 2-2 b: Luminosity correction single transmittance in first region

Claims (16)

A polarizing film including a polarizing layer and a base material layer.
The polarizing film includes a first region in the plane direction and a second region adjacent to the first region and having a higher transmittance for luminosity factor correction than the first region.
The second region is a polarizing film including a region X in which the difference from the luminosity factor correction single transmittance of the first region is less than 30% and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is greater than 10%. The polarizing film according to claim 1, wherein the region X exists continuously from the outer shell of the second region in contact with the first region toward the inside. The polarizing film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second region has at least two different luminosity factor correction single transmittances. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the difference between the luminosity factor-corrected simple substance transmittance in the second region and the luminosity factor-corrected simple substance transmittance in the first region is less than 30% in the entire second region. .. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the first region is 30% or more and less than 55%. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the region X has a luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance of 45% or more and 70% or less. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the region X has a luminosity factor correction polarization degree of 30% or more and 85% or less. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance of the second region gradually increases from the outer shell to the inner side of the second region. The second region is composed of a region 2-1 in contact with the first region and a region 2-2 located inside the region 2-1.
The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the visible sensitivity-corrected simple substance transmittance in the region 2-2 is substantially uniform and higher than the visible sensitivity-corrected simple substance transmittance in the region 2-1. The polarizing film according to claim 9, wherein the luminosity factor correction simple substance transmittance of the region 2-1 gradually increases toward the region 2-2. The polarizing film according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the visible sensitivity correction simple substance transmittance of the region 2-2 is 45% or more and 70% or less. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the planar view shape of the second region is circular, elliptical, oval or polygonal. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which has an orientation layer between the polarizing layer and the base material layer. The polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the polarizing layer comprises a cured layer of a liquid crystal composition containing a dichroic dye and a liquid crystal compound. An elliptical polarizing plate including the polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and a retardation film. A method for producing a polarizing film containing at least two regions having different luminosity factor correction single transmittances in the plane direction.
First step of forming a region having a luminosity factor correction single transmittance, and
The region where the transmittance is higher than the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance, the difference from the first luminosity factor correction single transmittance is less than 30%, and the luminosity factor correction polarization degree is larger than 10% is defined as the first Luminosity Factor A method for producing a polarizing film, which comprises a step of forming adjacent to a region having a single transmittance.

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