JP2021026026A - Surgical stereoscopic observation device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a surgical stereoscopic observation device capable of reducing a stereo base by bringing optical axes of light rays closer to each other using a simple aperture structure.SOLUTION: A surgical stereoscopic observation device is provided, comprising single aperture means 20 retractable provided in a pair of left and right rays L2 that have passed an objective optical system, the aperture means having an opening 21 for narrowing the rays such that optical axes of the rays that have passed the objective optical system are closer to each other compared with the optical axes of the rays before passing the objective optical system.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional observation device for surgery.

When a doctor performs an operation while magnifying and observing the surgical site in neurosurgery, etc., a method of directly observing the surgical site by looking at the eyepiece of the operating microscope or a stereoscopic image of the surgical site with a camera. However, a method of displaying the stereoscopic image on a monitor and observing it with dedicated 3D glasses is used.

In either case, an observation device such as a surgical microscope or a camera is provided with an objective optical system for focus adjustment and a variable magnification optical means for variable magnification adjustment in the lens barrel. For stereoscopic observation, the luminous flux reflected by the surgical site passes through the objective optical system and then becomes a pair of left and right luminous fluxes whose optical axes are separated from each other by a predetermined interval (stereo base), and each of them is incorporated into the variable magnification optical system. ..

An observation device such as a surgical microscope or a camera is supported and used above the surgical site by a stand device or the like. When the observation device is separated from the surgical site, the focal length becomes longer, the convergence angle becomes smaller, and the depth of focus becomes deeper. When brought closer to the surgical site, the resolution increased but the depth of focus became shallower. When the observation device is brought close to the surgical site in this way, depending on the surgical situation, there is a case where the depth of focus is inevitably desired even if the resolution is lowered.

In such a case, a diaphragm structure is provided for a pair of left and right light fluxes, and the optical axes of the light flux passing therethrough are brought closer to narrow the stereo base. As the stereo base narrows, the depth of focus increases and the range of focus increases. In such an aperture structure, two small blades are provided in advance in the optical path, and the blades are moved when necessary to narrow the stereo base between the light flux passing therethrough (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ..

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-113281

However, in such a conventional technique, since a plurality of small blades are provided in each pair of optical paths and the blades are driven to narrow the luminous flux, the structure for driving is also small and complicated. This has led to complication of the internal structure of the observation device.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a conventional technique, and provides a surgical stereoscopic observation apparatus capable of reducing the stereo base by bringing the optical axes of light flux closer to each other with a simple diaphragm structure. Aim

According to the first technical aspect of the present invention, one objective optical system through which the light beam taken in from the light beam intake provided in the lens barrel passes and the light beam passing through the objective optical system are contained in the lens barrel. It houses two variable-magnification optical systems that pass as they are or are reflected, and guides a pair of light beams that have passed through the variable-magnification optical system to the observer's pupil via imaging and / or eyepieces, respectively. A single surgical stereoscopic observation device that narrows the light beam so that the optical axes of the passing light beam are closer to each other than the optical axis of the light beam before passing through the pair of left and right light beams that have passed through the objective optical system. It is characterized in that the squeezing means is provided so as to appear and disappear.

According to the second technical aspect of the present invention, as the aperture means, a single plate in which a slit is formed in the lens barrel and an opening through which only a pair of light fluxes whose optical axes are close to each other is formed is formed into the slit. The feature is that it can be freely taken in and out of the lens barrel.

According to the third technical aspect of the present invention, as a diaphragm means, normally, it passes through all of the light flux, and when necessary, it passes through only a pair of light fluxes whose optical axes are close to each other, and is otherwise opaque. It is characterized in that a liquid crystal shutter is provided in the lens barrel to block the light flux.

According to the first technical aspect of the present invention, the internal structure of the surgical stereoscopic observation device is not complicated because the structure is such that a single diaphragm means is freely provided in the light flux.

According to the second technical aspect of the present invention, the internal structure of the lens barrel is not complicated because the structure is such that a single plate is simply inserted into the slit provided in the lens barrel when necessary.

According to the third technical aspect of the present invention, the internal structure of the lens barrel is not complicated because the structure is such that only a single liquid crystal shutter is provided in the lens barrel.

The perspective view which shows the state which the camera as the surgical stereoscopic observation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is supported by the stand apparatus. A perspective view showing a camera. The perspective view which shows the internal structure of a camera. Top view showing the objective optical system. The plan view which shows the objective optical system in the state which the plate is inserted. The plan view which shows the normal state of the liquid crystal shutter which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The plan view which shows the liquid crystal shutter in the aperture state.

1 to 5 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

A support 2 that is rotatable with respect to the base 1 is erected on the base 1 installed on the floor. A stand body 3 is attached to the upper part of the support column 2. On the side surface of the stand body 3, an intermediate portion of the vertical arm 4 is rotatably supported around a horizontal axis (not shown). At the upper end of the vertical arm 4, the base end side of the horizontal arm 5 extending in the lateral direction in a curved state is rotatably supported.

A camera 6 as a three-dimensional observation device for surgery is supported at the tip of the lateral arm 5. By rotating the vertical arm 4 and the horizontal arm 5, the camera 6 can be moved to an arbitrary position. The camera 6 is maintained in a state of being vertically supported by the tip of the horizontal arm 5 no matter how the vertical arm 4 and the horizontal arm 5 are moved by the sub-arms 7 and 8 provided on the vertical arm 4 and the horizontal arm 5. To.

The weight of the camera 6 is balanced by a counterweight (not shown), and no matter where the camera 6 is moved, the camera 6 stops at the destination aerial position. A monitor 10 is supported on the upper surface of the stand body 3 by a holding arm 9.

The camera 6 has a structure in which an objective optical system 12, a variable magnification optical system 13, an imaging lens 14, and an image sensor (CCD) 15 are housed inside a lens barrel 11. There is one objective optical system 12, and two variable magnification optical systems 13, an imaging lens 14, and an image sensor 15 located above the objective optical system 12 are provided on each of the left and right sides. Handles 16 are provided on both the left and right sides of the lens barrel 11. The position and orientation of the camera 6 can be changed by holding the handle 16, and the focus adjustment and the magnification adjustment can be performed by operating the button.

A slit 17 is formed on the front surface of the lens barrel 11, and is normally closed by a cap 18. A luminous flux intake 19 is formed in the lower part of the lens barrel 11, and the luminous flux L reflected by the surgical portion G is taken into the lens barrel 11 from the luminous flux intake 19 and first passes through the objective optical system 12. To do.

The objective optical system 12 is composed of three lenses, and the focal length can be changed from 300 mm to 1000 mm by moving some of the lenses. The pair of left and right variable magnification optical systems 13 provided on the upper part of the objective optical system 12 are also composed of a plurality of lenses, and the magnification can be changed by moving some of the lenses.

Since the variable magnification optical system 13 is separated by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, the luminous flux L passing through the objective optical system 12 is separated from the optical axis K1 by a predetermined stereo base S1 corresponding to the variable magnification optical system 13. There are two luminous fluxes L1. The luminous flux L1 is received by the image sensor 15 after passing through the variable magnification optical system 13, and an image for the left eye and an image for the right eye having parallax with each other are obtained. The left and right images having the binocular parallax are combined as a stereoscopic image signal and displayed on the monitor 10. Then, the doctor or assistant can observe the display of the monitor 10 in 3D by wearing special glasses.

Since the focal length of the camera 6 can be changed from 300 mm to 1000 mm as described above, the focal length is lengthened when it is desired to secure a wide working space between the surgical unit G and the camera 6. If you want to increase the resolution of the stereoscopic image displayed on the monitor 10, shorten the focal length. When the camera 6 is brought closer to the surgical site G to reduce the focal length, the resolution is increased, but the convergence angle is increased, so that the depth of focus is shallow. Therefore, depending on the content of the surgery, it may be desired to observe the surgical site G while keeping the focal length short and temporarily deepening only the depth of focus at the expense of resolution.

In such a case, the cap 18 is removed from the lens barrel 11, and the plate 20 as an aperture means is inserted into the opened slit 17. The inserted plate 20 is located between the objective optical system 12 and the variable magnification optical system 13. The plate 20 is formed with openings 21 smaller than the diameter of the luminous flux L1 at positions corresponding to the luminous flux L1 passing through the objective optical system 12. Further, the openings 21 are offset in the direction of approaching each other, and the light flux L1 that has passed through the objective optical system 12 passes through the aperture 21, so that the stereo base S2 between the optical axes K2 passes through the stereo of the light flux L1. The two light fluxes L2 are smaller than the base S1. Since the stereo base S2 becomes smaller, the depth of focus becomes deeper, and parts having different depths can be clearly observed in the surgical portion G.

When the necessary work is completed and returned to the original state, the plate 20 is pulled out from the slit 17 and the slit 17 is closed again with the cap 18. Since the structure is such that only a single plate 20 is inserted, the internal structure of the lens barrel 11 is not complicated.

6 and 7 are views showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment includes the same components as those of the first embodiment. Therefore, similar components are designated by a common reference numeral, and duplicate description will be omitted.

In this embodiment, a plate-shaped liquid crystal shutter 22 is preliminarily housed between the objective optical system 12 and the variable magnification optical system 13 as aperture means. The liquid crystal shutter 22 is normally entirely transparent, and when necessary, a voltage is applied to form opaque portions 23 on the left and right outer sides.

The opaque portion 23 blocks transmission of only the outer half of the light flux L1 passing through the objective optical system 12, and the light flux L1 is transmitted as light flux L3 only in the inner half and introduced into the variable magnification optical system 13. Therefore, the optical axes K3 of the luminous flux L3 passing through the liquid crystal shutter 22 and reaching the variable magnification optical system 13 are offset in the direction of approaching each other, and the stereo base S3 becomes smaller. Since the structure is such that a single liquid crystal shutter 22 is only provided in the lens barrel 11, the internal structure of the lens barrel 11 is not complicated.

In the above embodiment, the camera 6 is taken as an example as a stereoscopic observation device for surgery, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one objective optical system and two variable magnification optical systems are provided inside, and the light flux passing through them is in contact with the camera 6. A surgical microscope may be used, which leads directly to the observer's eyes through the eye.

Further, although an example in which the objective optical system 12 and the variable magnification optical system 13 are provided straight in the vertical direction is shown, a reflection mirror is provided between the objective optical system 12 and the variable magnification optical system 13 to provide an optical path after the variable magnification optical system 13. It may be bent in the lateral direction.

6 Camera (3D observation device for surgery)
11 Lens barrel 12 Objective optical system 13 Variable magnification optical system 15 Image sensor 17 Slit 20 Plate (aperture means)
21 Aperture 22 Liquid crystal shutter (aperture means)
G surgical part L, L1, L2, L3 Luminous flux K1, K2, K3 Optical axis S1, S2, S3 Stereo base

Claims (3)

Inside the lens barrel, one objective optical system through which the light flux taken in from the light flux intake provided in the lens barrel passes, and two variable magnification optical systems through which the light flux passing through the objective optical system passes as it is or is reflected. And store,
A three-dimensional surgical observation device that guides a pair of light fluxes that have passed through a variable magnification optical system to the observer's eyes via an imaging means and / or an eyepiece.
In the pair of left and right light fluxes that have passed through the objective optical system, a single diaphragm means for narrowing the light flux so that the optical axes of the passing light flux are closer to each other than the optical axis of the light flux before passing through is freely provided. A three-dimensional observation device for surgery, characterized in that it is present. As a diaphragm means, a single plate in which a slit is formed in the lens barrel and an opening through which only a pair of light fluxes whose optical axes are close to each other is formed can be freely moved in and out of the lens barrel through the slit. The surgical stereoscopic observation device according to claim 1. As an aperture means, a liquid crystal shutter is provided in the lens barrel that normally passes through all of the luminous flux, and when necessary, passes only a pair of luminous fluxes whose optical axes are close to each other, and otherwise becomes opaque and blocks. The three-dimensional observation device for surgery according to claim 1, wherein the device is used.

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