JP2021025601A - Fastening structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fastening structure capable of reducing fastening failure in fastening work of a device, and improving the efficiency of visual inspection for a fastened place.SOLUTION: A fastening structure comprises a fastener 60 composed of a shaft part 60A and a head part 60B, a first member 50 having an engaging part 62 with which the shaft part 60A engages, and a second member 52 having a fastened part 68 formed with an insertion hole 68A through which the shaft part 60A is inserted, wherein the first member 50 and the second member 52 are fastened and formed by the fastener 60. A convex part 70 is formed on the fastened part 68 of the second member 52 around the head part 60B on the surface of the fastener 60 in contact with the head part 60B.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a fastening structure in which two members are fastened.

The following Patent Document 1 describes a door trim which is an interior material for a vehicle. The door trim includes a main board, armrests, ornaments, decorative panels, and upper boards, and mounting screws as fasteners are used to fix these members to each other. The following Patent Document 1 illustrates the fastening points between the ornament base material and the decorative panel constituting the ornament, and the ornament base material and the decorative panel are fastened using a plurality of mounting screws.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-41561

When assembling members to each other using a plurality of fasteners as in the door trim described in Patent Document 1, in recent years, the fastening work using a plurality of fasteners may be performed using a device such as a robot. is there. However, in the fastening work by the device, there is a problem that a fastening failure occurs, and after the fastening work by the device, a human visual inspection is often performed.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a fastening structure capable of reducing fastening defects in fastening work by an apparatus and improving the efficiency of visual inspection of fastening portions. That is the issue.

In order to solve the above problems, the fastening structure of the present invention
A fastener composed of a shaft portion and a head portion, a first member having an engaging portion with which the shaft portion engages, and a second member having a fastened portion having an insertion hole through which the shaft portion is inserted. A fastening structure formed by fastening the first member and the second member with the fastener.
The fastened portion of the second member is characterized in that a convex portion is formed around the head on the surface of the fastener in contact with the head.

The fastening structure having this configuration has a convex portion formed around the fastener, and when the second member is fastened to the first member by the device and then visually inspected by a person, the convex portion is formed. By observing the position (positional deviation) of the head of the fastener as a reference, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of a fastening defect. That is, according to the fastening structure having this configuration, it is possible to improve the efficiency of visual inspection of the fastening portion. In order to see the misalignment of the head of the fastener, it is desirable that the protrusions are arranged so as to surround the head of the fastener, and the protrusions formed in an annular shape or the distance between the protrusions around the head It can be a plurality of protrusions or ridges arranged separately. Further, some devices for performing the fastening work include a tubular guide member for holding the fastener inside. When such a device is used, even if the position of the guide member moved by the device deviates from the fastening point, the convex portion guides the guide member to the inside of the convex portion so that the guide member approaches the fastening point. Will be. Therefore, the fastening structure having this configuration can contribute to the reduction of fastening defects when the fastening work is performed by a device including a tubular guide member.

In the above configuration, the convex portion may be formed so that the tip is located on the circumference centered on the insertion hole.

In a structure fastened to this configuration, the protrusions are, for example, a circular ridge extending along the circumference, a plurality of arcuate ridges extending along the circumference, and spacing on the circumference. It can be a plurality of arranged protrusions. In the fastening structure having this configuration, for example, when the distance between the circle formed by the convex portion and the head of the fastening portion is not equal, it can be determined that there is a high possibility that a fastening defect has occurred. .. Therefore, the fastening structure having this configuration can be visually inspected more efficiently. Further, the fastening structure having this configuration makes it easy to guide the above-mentioned tubular guide toward the center of the circle, that is, toward the center of the insertion hole, and it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of fastening defects.

Further, in the above configuration, each of the convex portions may be composed of a plurality of ribs extending in the radial direction about the insertion hole, and the plurality of ribs may be arranged at equal angular intervals.

In the fastening structure having this configuration, when the fastening portion is visually inspected from the side surface, the engagement state of the fastener with the engaging portion can be confirmed from between the ribs, so that the convex portion has a circular shape. It is possible to facilitate visual inspection as compared with the case where a ridge is formed.

Further, in the above configuration, the height of the tip of the convex portion may be the same as the height of the head of the fastener, or may be slightly higher than the head of the fastener. ..

In the fastening structure having this configuration, for example, when the head of the fastener protrudes upward from the convex portion, it can be determined that there is a high possibility that a fastening defect has occurred. Therefore, according to the fastening structure having this configuration, for example, even when the convex portion is a circular ridge, it is possible to visually inspect from the side surface. Further, it is also possible to confirm the presence or absence of a fastening defect by directly touching the convex portion and the head of the fastener to check the height of the fastening structure having this configuration.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fastening structure capable of reducing fastening defects in fastening work by the device and improving the efficiency of visual inspection of the fastening portion.

It is a perspective view which shows the door trim of the vehicle side door which is the fastening structure of the Example of this invention from the viewpoint from the vehicle interior side. It is an exploded view of the door trim shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing (AA cross section in FIG. 1) which shows the main part of the door trim shown in FIG. 1 from the viewpoint from the rear side of a vehicle. It is a figure which shows typically the fastening structure of the Example of this invention, and is the perspective view which shows the state before fastening the fastener. It is a top view which shows the state before fastening the fastener of the fastening structure of the Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the robot arm which performs the fastening work by the fastener of the fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a side sectional view which shows the state which the fastening work is performed by the robot arm shown in FIG. It is a side sectional view which shows the state which the fastening work is performed by the robot arm shown in FIG. It is a side sectional view of the fastening part when it is fastened normally. It is a side sectional view of the fastening part at the time of the fastening failure. It is a top view of the fastening structure which was normally fastened by the fastener. It is a figure which shows the fastening part in the fastening structure of the modification, and is the perspective view which shows the state before fastening the fastener. It is a side sectional view of the fastening part at the time of normal fastening in the fastening structure of the modified example. It is a side sectional view when the fastening failure occurs at the time of fastening of the fastening structure of the modified example. It is a side sectional view when another fastening failure occurs at the time of fastening the fastening structure of the modified example.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in detail as embodiments for carrying out the present invention with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following examples, and can be carried out in various embodiments with various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

The fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention is used for the door trim 10 which is an interior material for a vehicle. The door trim 10 constitutes a vehicle interior side portion of a side door for a vehicle. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the door trim 10 is mainly composed of a trim board 20, and in addition to the trim board 20, an inside handle 21, an armrest 22, and a door grip 23 provided on the trim board 20 are provided. , Door pocket 24, speaker grill 25, squawker grill 26, and other various functional parts.

The trim board 20 is formed by assembling a plurality of board members to each other by fastening or the like, and the trim board 20 is the fastening structure of the present invention. The trim board 20 is mainly composed of a lower board 30 and other board members are fixed to the lower board 30. The lower board 30 includes a main body portion 32, a pair of extension portions 34 extending upward from each of the front end portion and the rear end portion of the main body portion 32 in the vehicle front-rear direction, and each of the pair of extension portions. It is configured to include an extending portion 36 extending by connecting the upper ends. The speaker grill 25 described above is provided on the lower front side of the main body 32 of the vehicle.

In addition to the lower board 30, the trim board 20 includes an armrest board 40, a first ornament board 42, a middle lower board 44, a squawker grill board 46, a middle upper board 48, a second ornament board 50, and an upper board 52. They are arranged in that order from the bottom. The armrest board 40, the middle lower board 44, the middle upper board 48, and the upper board 52 are configured by attaching a skin material to a base material. The armrest 22 and the door grip 23 described above are formed by fastening the armrest board 40 to the upper side (approximately the center of the trim board 20) of the main body 32 of the lower board 30. Further, the inside handle 21 is provided on the middle lower board 44.

For assembling the plurality of board members described above, fastening with a screw or coupling by thermal caulking is used. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the middle upper board 48, the second ornament board 50, and the upper board 52 are fastened by a screw 60 which is a fastener. Specifically, the second ornament board 50 is integrally provided with a mounting boss 62 projecting toward the outside of the vehicle interior, and the mounting boss 62 includes a cylindrical boss main body 62A and a boss. It is composed of a plurality of ribs 62B extending in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface of the main body 62A. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the middle upper board 48 is provided with a plurality of mounting pieces 66 projecting upward, and the upper board 52 is provided with a plurality of mounting pieces projecting downward. Piece 68 is provided. Insertion holes 66A and 68A through which the boss main body 62A of the mounting boss 62 is inserted are formed in each of the mounting piece 66 of the middle upper board 48 and the mounting piece 68 of the upper board 52.

When assembling the three board members 48, 50, 52, first, the middle upper board 48 is ribbed 62B so that the boss body portion 62A of the second ornament board 50 is inserted into the insertion hole 66A. Place it on top. Next, the upper board 52 is placed on the middle upper board 48 so that the mounting boss 62 is inserted into the insertion hole 68A. Then, by screwing the male screw portion 60A of the screw 60 into the mounting boss 62, the mounting piece 66 of the middle upper board 48 and the mounting piece of the upper board 52 are placed between the head 60B of the screw 60 and the rib 62B of the mounting boss 62. The middle upper board 48, the second ornament board 50, and the upper board 52 are fastened together by sandwiching the 68.

That is, at this fastening portion, the second ornament board 50 functions as the first member having the mounting boss 62 as the engaging portion with which the male screw portion 60A, which is the shaft portion of the screw 60, engages, and the upper board 52 , Functions as a second member having a mounting piece 68 as a fastened portion. In the fastening structure of the present embodiment, the mounting piece 68 of the upper board 52, which is the second member, has a convex portion 70 formed around the head 60B on the surface of the screw 60 in contact with the head 60B. It is characterized by being.

The convex portion will be described in detail below. In the trim board 20, the armrest board 40 is attached to the lower board 30, the first ornament board 42 is attached to the armrest board 40 and the lower board 30, the squawker grill board 46 is attached to the middle upper board 48, and the like. The present invention is adopted, and a certain board member may function as a first member or a second member depending on the fastening portion. Therefore, in the following description, the fastening structure of the present invention includes a screw 60, a first member 100, and a second member 102, which are fasteners, and the screw 60 connects the first member 100 and the second member 102. Assuming that the fastening structure is formed by fastening, the convex portion, which is a feature of the fastening structure, will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 10.

The first member 100 has a plate-shaped main body 110 and a mounting boss 112 as an engaging portion provided so as to project from the main body 110, similarly to the second ornament board 50 described above. The mounting boss 112 includes a boss main body portion (engaging portion) 114 and a plurality of ribs 116 (four in this embodiment, only two are shown in FIG. 4). On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the second member 102 is composed of a plate-shaped main body 120 and a mounting piece 122 provided so as to project outward from the outer edge of the main body 120. A through hole (insertion hole) 124 that penetrates in the thickness direction is formed at a place where the 122 is provided. The opening edge portion 124A of the through hole 124 is thicker than the surrounding thickness, and has a shape protruding to the side opposite to the first member 100. Then, a plurality of ribs 126 (four in this embodiment) extending in the radial direction about the through hole 124 are formed so as to be continuous from the outer peripheral surface of the opening edge portion 124A.

The plurality of ribs 126 are arranged at equal angles with respect to the through holes 124. Each of the plurality of ribs 126 has the same shape, and as shown in FIG. 7, is generally trapezoidal in side view, from the upper end surface 126A to the opening edge 124A (through hole 124). It has an inclined surface 126B that descends toward it. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, in the top view, the upper end surface 126A of each rib 126 is located on the circumference centered on the through hole 124. That is, in this fastening structure, it can be considered that the convex portion 70 is formed by the plurality of ribs 126.

Then, when assembling the first member 100 and the second member 102, first, the mounting boss 112 of the first member 100, specifically, the boss main body 114 is inserted into the through hole 124 of the second member 102. The second member 102 is placed on the ribs 116 of the first member 100. Then, by screwing the screw 60 into the boss main body 114 of the mounting boss 112, the opening edge portion 124A of the second member 102 is sandwiched between the head 60B of the screw 60 and the rib 116 of the mounting boss 112, and the first member The 100 and the second member 102 are fastened.

Since the trim board 20 which is the above-mentioned main fastening structure has many fastening points by the screw 60, the fastening work on the trim board 20 is performed by using the robot arm 150 shown in FIG. In the robot arm 150, a screw mounting unit 154 (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as “mounting unit 154”) for continuously performing the fastening operation by the screw 60 is held at the tip of the arm portion 152. The mounting unit 154 includes a screw holding portion 156 that holds the screw 60 and a screw supply portion 158 that supplies the screw 60 to the screw holding portion 156. As shown in FIG. 7, the screw holding portion 156 includes a generally cylindrical screw guide 156A, and by sucking the screw 60 supplied from the screw supply portion 158, the screw holding portion 156 is sucked and held inside the screw guide 156A. It is a thing. The screw holding portion 156 attracts and holds the screw 60 by the screw guide 156A, then lowers the bit (driver) 156B coaxially arranged inside the screw guide 156A, and applies the screw 60 to the bit 156B by magnetic force. Hold it. Then, when the tip (lower end) of the screw guide 156A is moved to the fastening point, the robot arm 150 further lowers the bit 156B while rotating it, and screwes it into the mounting boss 112.

In the robot arm 150 described above, since the screw guide 156A extends in the vertical direction, the tip of the screw guide 156A may be displaced in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 7. However, in this fastening structure, since a plurality of ribs 126 are formed around the through hole 124, the tip of the screw guide 156A is guided on the opening edge portion 124A as shown in FIG. become. In particular, since each of the plurality of ribs 126 has an inclined surface 126B that descends toward the opening edge portion 124A, the tip of the screw guide 156A can be more reliably guided on the opening edge portion 124A. Therefore, in the work of fastening the screw 60 by the robot arm 150, the screw 60 is screwed into the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the boss main body 114 of the mounting boss 112 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 124, or as shown in FIG. 9B, the screw is screwed. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of fastening defects such as screwing the 60 diagonally.

Further, the trim board 20 which is the main fastening structure is visually inspected by an operator after the fastening work by the robot arm 150. For example, even when the above-mentioned fastening failure occurs, in the visual inspection, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 10, the plurality of ribs 126 and the head 60B of the screw 60 are used. From the positional relationship of, it is possible to easily find a fastening defect. Therefore, according to this fastening structure, visual inspection can be efficiently performed.

In this fastening structure, since the upper end surfaces 126A of each of the plurality of ribs 126 constituting the convex portion 70 are located on one circumference, the head 60B of the screw 60 is displaced with respect to the plurality of ribs 126. It is easy to judge and the visual inspection can be performed more efficiently. Further, since the upper end surface 126A of each of the plurality of ribs 126 is located on one circumference, the screw guide 156A can be used with the plurality of ribs regardless of the direction of the screw guide 156A. It is easy to guide toward the center of 126, that is, the through hole 124, and the occurrence of fastening failure can be further suppressed.

<Modification example>
In the fastening structure of the above embodiment, the convex portion 70 is composed of a plurality of ribs 126, but the shape of the convex portion is not limited thereto. The fastening points of the fastening structure, which is a modification of the above embodiment, are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. In the fastening structure of the modified example, the shape of the second member 130, more specifically, the shape of the convex portion 132 included in the second member 130 is different from that of the second member 102 constituting the fastening structure of the above embodiment. .. Specifically, the second member 130 of the present modification is a circular ridge in which the convex portion 132 projects from the through hole (insertion hole) 134 to the opposite side of the first member 100. Therefore, the fastening structure of this modified example can be easily inspected for the positional deviation of the head 60B of the screw 60 in the visual inspection, and can be inspected more efficiently. Further, in the fastening structure of the present modification, since the convex portion 132 surrounds the entire circumference of the through hole 134, the screw guide 156A can be reliably guided to the through hole 134 in the fastening work by the robot arm 150. ..

In the fastening structure of the above embodiment, since the convex portion 70 is composed of a plurality of ribs 126, the fastening portion can be visually recognized from the gap between the ribs 126 and the ribs 126 in the visual inspection from the side surface. The structure was such that it was easy to visually inspect from the side. On the other hand, in the fastening structure of this modified example, since the entire fastening portion is surrounded by the convex portion 132, visual inspection from the side surface cannot be performed as in the above embodiment. However, as shown in FIG. 12A, the fastening structure of the present modification is formed so that the upper surface 132A of the convex portion 132 is slightly higher than the head 60B of the normally fastened screw 60. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 12B and 12C, when a fastening failure occurs, the head portion 60B of the screw 60 projects upward from the convex portion 132. Therefore, even in the fastening structure of this modified example, it is possible to visually inspect from the side surface. Further, according to the fastening structure of this modified example, for example, by touching the fastening portion and comparing the height of the head 60B of the screw 60 with the height of the upper surface 132A of the convex portion 132, a fastening defect is found. It is also possible to do.

<Other embodiments>
The fastening structure of the above-described embodiment is a trim board 20 constituting the door trim 10 for a vehicle, but the fastening structure is not limited thereto. For example, the fastening structure of the present invention can be adopted for fastening the other two members of the vehicle. Further, it is widely adopted as a fastening structure for fastening two members with fasteners by using a device such as the robot arm 150 as described above for a structure other than a vehicle or a structure other than a vehicle. It is possible.

20 ... Trim board [fastening structure], 40 ... Armrest board, 42 ... 1st ornament board, 44 ... Middle lower board, 46 ... Squawker grill board, 48 ... Middle upper board, 50 ... 2nd ornament board, 52 ... Upper Board, 60 ... screw [fastener], 60A ... male screw part [shaft part], 60B ... head, 62 ... mounting boss [engagement part], 66 ... mounting piece, 66A ... insertion hole, 68 ... mounting piece [covered] Fastening part], 68A ... Insertion hole, 70 ... Convex part, 100 ... First member, 102 ... Second member, 112 ... Mounting boss, 114 ... Boss body part [engagement part], 116 ... Multiple ribs, 120 ... Main body, 122 ... Mounting piece, 124 ... Through hole [insertion hole], 124A ... Opening edge, 126 ... Multiple ribs [convex], 126A ... Upper end surface, 126B ... Inclined surface, 130 ... Second member, 132 ... Convex part, 132A ... Top surface, 134 ... Through hole [insertion hole], 150 ... Robot arm, 156A ... Screw guide, 156B ... Bit

Claims (4)

A fastener composed of a shaft portion and a head portion, a first member having an engaging portion with which the shaft portion engages, and a second member having a fastened portion having an insertion hole through which the shaft portion is inserted. A fastening structure formed by fastening the first member and the second member with the fastener.
A fastening structure characterized in that a convex portion is formed around the head on the surface of the fastener in contact with the head of the second member. The fastening structure according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion is formed so that the tip thereof is located on the circumference centered on the insertion hole. The fastening structure according to claim 2, wherein each of the convex portions is composed of a plurality of ribs extending in the radial direction about the insertion hole, and the plurality of ribs are arranged at equal angular intervals. Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the height of the tip of the convex portion is the same as the head of the fastener, or slightly higher than the head of the fastener. The fastening structure described in.

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