JP2021020245A - Joining method and joining structure of dissimilar metal member - Google Patents
Joining method and joining structure of dissimilar metal member Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021020245A JP2021020245A JP2019139279A JP2019139279A JP2021020245A JP 2021020245 A JP2021020245 A JP 2021020245A JP 2019139279 A JP2019139279 A JP 2019139279A JP 2019139279 A JP2019139279 A JP 2019139279A JP 2021020245 A JP2021020245 A JP 2021020245A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明はアルミニウム，マグネシウム等の軽合金部材と鉄系金属部材等との異なる材質からなる異種金属部材間の接合方法及び接合構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a joining method and joining structure between dissimilar metal members made of different materials such as a light alloy member such as aluminum and magnesium and an iron-based metal member.
アルミニウム，アルミニウム合金同士、マグネシウム，マグネシウム合金同士、あるいは鋼材等の鉄系金属部材同士間の接合には、溶融溶接，電気抵抗溶接等の各種接合方法が採用されているが、異種金属部材間にあっては相互の拡散層を形成するのが難しく、充分な接合強度や接合信頼性が得られ難い技術的課題がある。 Various joining methods such as melt welding and electric resistance welding are used for joining aluminum, aluminum alloys, magnesium, magnesium alloys, or iron-based metal members such as steel, but there are different types of metal members. There is a technical problem that it is difficult to form a mutual diffusion layer, and it is difficult to obtain sufficient joint strength and joint reliability.
特許文献１にはアルミニウム合金等の第１の板に穴を空ける工程と、鋼製の第２板を重ね合せる工程と、段付きで中央部に貫通する中空部する接合補助部材を上記穴に挿入し、溶接ワイヤを用いて溶接する接合方法を開示する。
しかし、このような溶接方法にあっては、特殊な形状の接合補助部材が必要になり、生産性に問題がある。
また、特許文献２には、予め鉄系リベットを軽合金材にかしめ接合した上で、この鉄系リベットと鋼材とをスポット溶接する技術を開示する。
しかし、同公報に開示する接合構造は、特殊形状のリベットを用いなければならず、高価な接合構造になっている。
In
However, such a welding method requires a specially shaped joining auxiliary member, which causes a problem in productivity.
Further,
However, the joint structure disclosed in the same publication must use a specially shaped rivet, which is an expensive joint structure.
本発明は、生産性に優れるとともに接合信頼性が高い異種金属部材の接合方法及び接合構造の提供を目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a joining method and joining structure for dissimilar metal members having excellent productivity and high joining reliability.
本発明に係る異種金属部材の接合方法は、第１金属部材と前記第１金属部材とは異種の第２金属部材との接合方法であって、前記第１金属部材は接合のための貫通した孔を有し、前記第１金属部材を第２金属部材の上に重ね、前記第１金属部材の上方にエレメントを打ち抜くためのシート材を配設し、前記シート材から前記エレメントを打ち抜き前記孔の上側に配置するステップと、前記エレメントと前記第２金属部材とを前記孔を介してスポット溶接するステップとを有することを特徴とする。 The method for joining dissimilar metal members according to the present invention is a method for joining a first metal member and a second metal member different from the first metal member, and the first metal member penetrates for joining. The hole has a hole, the first metal member is superposed on the second metal member, a sheet material for punching an element is arranged above the first metal member, and the element is punched from the sheet material. It is characterized by having a step of arranging the element and the second metal member in spot welding through the hole.
本発明は、シート材からエレメントをプレス切断等にて打ち抜き、連続的に第１金属部材と第２金属部材とをエレメントを介して接合できる点で生産性に優れる。 The present invention is excellent in productivity in that an element can be punched out from a sheet material by press cutting or the like, and the first metal member and the second metal member can be continuously joined via the element.
本発明において、前記エレメントを打ち抜くためのパンチと、前記パンチの中央側に相対的に上下動可能な上部電極を有し、前記エレメントを打ち抜いた後に連続的に前記上部電極と前記第２金属部材の下側に配置した下部電極により、スポット溶接するようにすると、さらに生産性が向上する。
この場合に、パンチと上部電極は複動機構によりパンチでエレメントを打ち抜くと、そのまま連続的に上部電極が下降し、エレメントを孔に内側に向けて凹部形状に成形し、下部電極とスポット溶接することができる。
In the present invention, a punch for punching the element and an upper electrode that can move up and down relatively on the center side of the punch are provided, and after the element is punched, the upper electrode and the second metal member are continuously provided. If spot welding is performed by the lower electrode arranged on the lower side, the productivity is further improved.
In this case, when the punch and the upper electrode are punched out by the double-acting mechanism, the upper electrode is continuously lowered as it is, the element is formed into a concave shape inward toward the hole, and spot welded to the lower electrode. be able to.
また、本発明は次のような接合構造を採用してもよい。
貫通した孔部を有する第１金属部材と前記第１金属部材とは異なる材質の第２金属部材との接合構造であって、前記孔部の開口径よりも大きく前記第２金属部材と溶接可能なエレメントを有し、前記エレメントと前記第２金属部材の間に前記第１金属部材が挟み込まれた状態にてエレメントと前記第２金属部材とが前記孔部にて溶接接合されているとともに、前記エレメントと第１金属部材との間に保護部材を有している接合構造にしてもよい。
Further, the present invention may adopt the following joining structure.
It has a joint structure of a first metal member having a through hole and a second metal member made of a material different from that of the first metal member, and is larger than the opening diameter of the hole and can be welded to the second metal member. The element and the second metal member are welded and joined at the hole in a state where the first metal member is sandwiched between the element and the second metal member. A joint structure may be formed in which a protective member is provided between the element and the first metal member.
ここで、エレメントと第２金属部材とが相互の溶接性に優れているものであれば、第１金属部材と第２金属部材との間の組み合せに特に制限はない。
例えば、溶接接合が溶融接合であればエレメントと第２金属部材は、軽合金材であっても鉄系金属材であっても問題はない。
溶接接合がスポット溶接等の電気抵抗溶接である場合には、一般的に鉄系金属部材の方が軽合金部材よりも溶接が容易であることから、この場合には第１金属部材が軽合金部材でエレメント及び第２金属部材が鉄系金属部材であるのが好ましい。
Here, as long as the element and the second metal member are excellent in mutual weldability, the combination between the first metal member and the second metal member is not particularly limited.
For example, if the welded joint is a melt joint, there is no problem whether the element and the second metal member are a light alloy material or an iron-based metal material.
When the welding joint is electric resistance welding such as spot welding, the iron-based metal member is generally easier to weld than the light alloy member. In this case, the first metal member is a light alloy. It is preferable that the element and the second metal member are iron-based metal members.
エレメントと第２金属部材との間を溶接接合する際には、エレメントの孔部内に位置する部分が第１金属部材の孔部内に挿入されるように、溶接前又は溶接と同時に凹部が成形されるが、エレメントの周辺部と第１金属部材との間に隙間ができると、その部分に水等が浸入し、隙間腐食が発生する問題が生じる。
また、エレメントと第１金属部材との間の電位差により、いわゆる電食と称される局部電池による電位差腐食が発生する恐れがある。
また、自動車部品等の振動する部品に応用するには、エレメントに振動衝撃が加わりやすい恐れもある。
エレメントを第１金属部材の孔の内側に挿入成形する際に、孔のエッジ部にエレメントが点当たりするようになる場合があり、局部亀裂発生の原因となる恐れもある。
そこで本発明は、上記の各種問題を防ぐために、エレメントと第１金属部材との間に保護部材を設けたものである。
したがって、本発明における保護部材は、エレメントと前記第１金属部材との間におけるシール材，電位差腐食防止材，振動吸収材，局部的な接触防止材のいずれかであってよい。
When welding and joining the element and the second metal member, a recess is formed before or at the same time as welding so that the portion located in the hole of the element is inserted into the hole of the first metal member. However, if a gap is formed between the peripheral portion of the element and the first metal member, water or the like infiltrates into that portion, causing a problem of gap corrosion.
Further, the potential difference between the element and the first metal member may cause potential difference corrosion due to a local battery, which is so-called electrolytic corrosion.
Further, in order to apply it to vibrating parts such as automobile parts, there is a possibility that a vibration shock is easily applied to the element.
When the element is inserted and molded inside the hole of the first metal member, the element may come into contact with the edge portion of the hole, which may cause local cracks.
Therefore, in the present invention, in order to prevent the above-mentioned various problems, a protective member is provided between the element and the first metal member.
Therefore, the protective member in the present invention may be any of a sealing material, a potential difference corrosion preventing material, a vibration absorbing material, and a local contact preventing material between the element and the first metal member.
本発明に係る接合方法は、エレメントの成形とスポット溶接を連続的に実行できるので、生産性が向上する。
また、本発明に係る異種金属部材の接合構造にあっては、エレメントと第２金属部材との間に、第１金属部材を挟み込むように接合する際に、エレメントと第１金属部材との間に保護部材を有しているので、接合構造の接合信頼性が向上する。
The joining method according to the present invention can continuously perform element molding and spot welding, so that productivity is improved.
Further, in the bonding structure of dissimilar metal members according to the present invention, when the first metal member is sandwiched between the element and the second metal member, the element and the first metal member are joined. Since it has a protective member, the joining reliability of the joining structure is improved.
本発明に係る接合方法の例を図に基づいて以下、説明する。
図１に接合の手順を模式的に示す。
最終的な接合構造は図１（ｃ）に示すように、第１金属部材１１に設けた孔１１ａを利用し、第２金属部材１２とエレメント１３ａで、この第１金属部材１１を挟み込むようにして、スポット溶接にて溶接部１５を形成することになる。
従って、エレメントは第２金属部材と電気抵抗溶接しやすい材質からなる。
スポット溶接は電気抵抗による発熱を利用した溶接方法であるため、軽合金部材よりも鋼材等の鉄系の金属部材に適している。
そこで、好ましい異種金属部材の組み合せは第１金属部材１１がアルミニウム及びその合金、マグネシウム及びその合金等であり、第２金属部材１２及びエレメント１３ａ（シート材１３）が鉄系金属部材の組み合せである。
An example of the joining method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 schematically shows the joining procedure.
As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the final joint structure utilizes the
Therefore, the element is made of a material that is easily welded by electric resistance welding to the second metal member.
Since spot welding is a welding method that utilizes heat generated by electrical resistance, it is more suitable for iron-based metal members such as steel than light alloy members.
Therefore, a preferable combination of dissimilar metal members is that the
図１（ａ）に示すように、孔１１ａを形成した第１金属部材１１を第２金属部材１２の上に重ねる。
孔１１ａの上方にはダイ１ａを配置し、その上にエレメント１３ａを打ち抜くためのシート材１３を載置し、その上方であって孔１１ａに位置するように、パンチ１とその中央部側に複動機構によりパンチ１の先端から突没（上下動）する上部電極２を有する。
第２金属部材１２の下方には、上部電極２に対向して下部電極３を有する。
パンチ１が下降し、ダイ１ａに載置されているシート材１３を打ち抜きエレメント１３ａを成形する。
エレメント１３ａは、孔１１ａの内側に落ちない大きさや形状になっている。
As shown in FIG. 1A, the
A die 1a is placed above the
Below the
The
The
エレメント１３ａ及び孔１１ａの組み合せの例を図２に示す。
図２（ａ）は内側が円形状の孔１１ａの上に重なるように孔１１ａの内径よりも大きい外形の円形状からなるエレメント１３ａの例を示す。
図２（ｂ）は内側形状が長方形の孔１１ａの上に重なるように板状のエレメント１３ａを配置した例を示す。
このように孔１１ａ及びエレメント１３ａの形状に特に制限はないし、いろいろな組み合せが可能である。
よって、シート材も図３に示すように円形状のエレメント１３ａに対応したもの、板材１１３や線材２１３から打ち抜くエレメント１１３ａ，２１３ａ等であってもよい。
また、スポット溶接の位置を自動で検出できるようにシート材１３に、図４に示すようにアライメントマーク１３ｃを予め印刷してあってもよい。
次に、本発明に係る接合方法を応用した接合構造例を説明する。
上記に説明した複動機構のパンチを設けることができるが、図５では予め成形したエレメントを用いた場合で説明する。
An example of the combination of the
FIG. 2A shows an example of an
FIG. 2B shows an example in which the plate-
As described above, the shapes of the
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the sheet material may be a material corresponding to the
Further, the
Next, an example of a joining structure to which the joining method according to the present invention is applied will be described.
Although the punch of the double-acting mechanism described above can be provided, FIG. 5 shows a case where a preformed element is used.
図５（ａ）に示すように、孔の径よりも大きいエレメント１３ａと第１金属部材１１との間に保護部材１４を配設するようにして、エレメント１３ａを孔１１ｂの上側に重ねる。
保護部材１４は、保護の目的に応じて各種材料を使用することができる。
例えば、シール材，絶縁材，クッション材が例として挙げられ、それらは接着剤の機能も有していてもよく、またシート材でもよい。
次に、図５（ｂ）に示すように、上部電極４と下部電極５とで上下からエレメント１３ａと第２金属部材１２とを挟み込むようにして、スポット溶接する。
この際に、上部電極１にてエレメント１３ａの中央部を凹部形状１３ｂに成形し、そのままスポット溶接することで、接合部１５を形成する。
As shown in FIG. 5A, the
Various materials can be used for the
For example, a sealing material, an insulating material, and a cushioning material may be mentioned as examples, and they may also have an adhesive function or may be a sheet material.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, spot welding is performed so that the
At this time, the central portion of the
１ パンチ
１ａ ダイ
２ 上部電極
３ 下部電極
１１ 第１金属部材
１２ 第２金属部材
１３ シート材
１３ａ エレメント
１３ｂ 凹部
１４ 保護部材
１５ 溶接部
1
Claims (6)
前記第１金属部材は接合のための貫通した孔を有し、前記第１金属部材を第２金属部材の上に重ね、
前記第１金属部材の上方にエレメントを打ち抜くためのシート材を配設し、前記シート材から前記エレメントを打ち抜き前記孔の上側に配置するステップと、前記エレメントと前記第２金属部材とを前記孔を介してスポット溶接するステップとを有することを特徴とする異種金属部材の接合方法。 The first metal member and the first metal member are joining methods of different kinds of second metal members.
The first metal member has a through hole for joining, and the first metal member is superposed on the second metal member.
A step of disposing a sheet material for punching an element above the first metal member, punching the element from the sheet material and arranging the element above the hole, and placing the element and the second metal member in the hole. A method of joining dissimilar metal members, which comprises a step of spot welding via.
前記孔部の開口径よりも大きく前記第２金属部材と溶接可能なエレメントを有し、前記エレメントと前記第２金属部材の間に前記第１金属部材が挟み込まれた状態にてエレメントと前記第２金属部材とが前記孔部にて溶接接合されているとともに、前記エレメントと第１金属部材との間に保護部材を有していることを特徴とする異種金属部材の接合構造。 It is a joint structure of a first metal member having a through hole and a second metal member made of a material different from that of the first metal member.
The element and the first metal member have an element that is larger than the opening diameter of the hole and can be welded to the second metal member, and the first metal member is sandwiched between the element and the second metal member. A bonding structure of dissimilar metal members, characterized in that the two metal members are welded and joined at the holes and a protective member is provided between the element and the first metal member.
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| JP2014516793A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2014-07-17 | ティッセンクルップ スチール ヨーロッパ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | Method and apparatus for connecting composite sheet metal members |
| JP2016059954A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-25 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Resistance spot welding method |
| JP2016128173A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-07-14 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Resistance spot welding method |
| JP2017064726A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-04-06 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Joining method and manufacturing method of different kind of material joint body |
| JP2018122333A (en) * | 2017-02-01 | 2018-08-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Different material bonding method and different material-bonded body |
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