JP2021018564A - smoke detector - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a smoke detector capable of discriminating an inflow material that has flowed into a smoke detection unit, performing processing according to a discriminating result, and easily knowing the discriminating result as an object.SOLUTION: A smoke detector has: two light emitting elements 8A and 8B that emit light toward an inside of a smoke detector 13; a light receiving element 9 that receives the light of the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B scattered by the inflow material that has flowed into the smoke detection unit 13; and a confirmation light 5 that lights up when the inflow material is detected by the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B and the light receiving element 9. The smoke detector includes: a discriminating unit 21 for discriminating a type of the inflow material; and a lighting unit 23 that lights up the confirmation lamp 5 in a different lighting pattern based on the determination result of the type of inflow material A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a smoke detector that uses an optical element to determine the type of inflow that has flowed into the smoke detector.

Conventionally, there has been known a photoelectric smoke detector that detects smoke and detects a fire by emitting light from a light projecting unit and receiving scattered light generated from smoke particles by a light receiving unit. Among such photoelectric smoke detectors, it has a plurality of light emitting units, and the light receiving intensity obtained by the light receiving unit determines whether the smoke existing in the smoke sensitive region is white smoke or black smoke. Smoke detectors that perform the corresponding treatment have been proposed. (See Patent Document 1)

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-236575

However, in such a smoke detector, even if the type of inflow that has flowed into the smoke detector is discriminated, processing is performed in the smoke detector according to the discriminant result. Therefore, when a fire is actually reported, the smoke detector performs processing. There was a problem that it was not possible to know from the outside which type was identified and the report was issued.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a smoke detector capable of discriminating an influent flowing into a smoke detection unit, performing processing according to the discriminating result, and easily knowing the discriminating result.

(1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
A light emitting element that emits light toward the inside of the smoke detection unit, a light receiving element that receives the light of the light emitting element scattered by the inflow material that has flowed into the smoke detection unit, and a confirmation that the light emitting element and the light receiving element light up when the inflow material is detected. A smoke detector having a light is provided with a discriminating unit for discriminating the type of inflow and a lighting unit for lighting a confirmation light in a different lighting pattern based on the discriminating result of the type of inflow. Is.
(2) Further, in the present invention.
The smoke detector according to (1), wherein the discrimination unit discriminates whether the inflow is steam, white smoke, or black smoke by the light receiving output of the light receiving element, and outputs the discrimination result. is there.
(3) Further, in the present invention.
When the discriminating unit determines that the inflow is steam, the lighting unit lights in a lighting pattern in which the blinking interval of the confirmation lamp is slower than when the discriminating unit determines that the inflow is smoke. The smoke detector according to (1) or (2).
(4) Further, in the present invention.
When the discriminating unit determines that the inflow is black smoke, the lighting unit blinks the confirmation lamp, and when it determines that the inflow is white smoke, the lighting unit lights the confirmation lamp in a lighting pattern of constantly lighting. The smoke detector according to (1) or (2).

The present invention is a smoke detector that informs the type of inflow that has flowed into the smoke detection unit and is determined to be a fire by illuminating with different confirmation lamp lighting patterns, and easily flows in without adding a new configuration. It has the effect of being able to know the type of thing.

An exploded perspective view of the smoke detector 1 in the embodiment. The front view of the optical table plate 6 in an Example. The block diagram which shows the control function of the smoke detector 1 in an Example. Criteria table for discriminating inflows in the examples.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention of the present application will be described. Regarding the front-rear direction, when the smoke detector is installed on an installation surface such as a ceiling or a wall, the smoke detector direction is the front and the installation surface direction is the rear.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The state where the smoke detector 1 is disassembled and viewed from diagonally below is shown. The smoke detector 1 is a photoelectric spot type smoke detector, which has a cylindrical outer shape, and is composed of a sensor main body 2 and a sensor cover 3 from the rear.

The sensor main body 2 has a substantially disk shape in outer shape, and is attached to the installation surface via a base member (not shown). The optical base plate 6 is attached to the back plate 4 when viewed from the front with the sensor main body 2 attached to the installation surface. A circuit board (not shown) is fixed to the back surface, that is, the rear surface of the optical table plate 6. The circuit board has a control unit 20 and a confirmation light 5 that lights up when a fire is detected.

The sensor cover 3 has a larger outer circumference than the sensor main body 2 and is formed in a substantially dome shape. It covers the sensor main body 2 from the front, and engages by fitting a convex portion provided on the outer circumference of the sensor main body 2 and a locking portion (not shown) provided on the sensor cover 3 side. Stop. Further, the cover surface portion 11 formed in an annular shape is provided with a confirmation light window 12 in which a transparent resin is fitted, and the light of the confirmation light 5 is transmitted. As a result, the light of the confirmation light 5 can be visually recognized from the front when the smoke detector 1 is installed.

FIG. 2 is a view of the optical table plate 6 of the sensor main body 2 enlarged by 90 degrees clockwise from FIG. 1 and viewed from the front, and is a view seen from the front when the smoke detector 1 is installed. The components of the smoke detector 1 other than the parts directly attached to the sensor main body 2 are attached to the optical table plate 6 and indirectly attached to the sensor main body 2. A semicircular recess 14 is provided on the outer circumference of the optical table plate 6, and a confirmation lamp 5 provided on the circuit board is located in the space of the recess 14. Further, the optical table plate 6 is integrally molded with a black resin together with the optical table 7 provided at substantially the center of the optical table plate 6. The optical table 7 is formed by the optical table wall 10 into a substantially cylindrical shape having a low height. An optical table cover (not shown) is attached to the front surface of the optical table 7 to block outside light from entering the optical table 7 and introduce inflows such as smoke into the optical table 7.

A first light emitting element 8A, a second light emitting element 8B, and a light receiving element 9 are provided on the periphery of the optical base wall 10. The first light emitting element 8A and the second light emitting element 8B (hereinafter, referred to as two light emitting elements 8A and 8B) are composed of, for example, LEDs, and have different timings toward the inside of the optical table 7, for example, timings every 2 seconds. Lights up alternately with. The light receiving element 9 is composed of, for example, a photodiode, and receives the scattered light of the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B generated by the inflow. The scattered light is generated when the influent flows into the smoke detection unit 13. The smoke detection unit 13 is provided in the optical table 7, and is an intersection of the optical axes of the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B (only the optical axis of the first light emitting element 8A is shown in FIG. 2) and the optical axis of the light receiving element 9. It refers to the surrounding area centered on.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram provided on a circuit board (not shown) and showing the configuration of the control function of the smoke detector 1. Specifically, as a function of controlling the smoke detector 1, it has a discrimination unit 21, a storage unit 22, a lighting unit 23, a transmission unit 24, a light emitting unit 25, and a correction unit 26, centering on the control unit 20. The discrimination unit 21 has a function of discriminating the type of inflow in the smoke detector 1 and is connected to the storage unit 22. The lighting unit 23 has a function of lighting the confirmation lamp 5. The transmission unit 24 outputs a fire alarm signal to the fire receiver 30. The light emitting unit 25 has a function of lighting the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B. The correction unit 26 has a function of correcting the calculated value. The control unit 20 transmits and receives signals to and from the discrimination unit 21, the transmission unit 24, and the correction unit 26, and transmits the signals to the lighting unit 23 and the light emitting unit 25.

A method for determining the type of inflow into the smoke detector 1 in the smoke detector 1 having such a configuration will be described. The influx referred to in the present invention is either steam, white smoke or black smoke. When the influent flows into the smoke detector 1 and reaches the smoke detection unit 13, the particles of the substance contained in the inflow material scatter the light of the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B passing through the smoke detection unit 13. The light receiving element 9 receives the generated scattered light and outputs it as a voltage to a circuit board (not shown). The circuit board converts the voltage of the scattered light into a digital signal, digitizes it, and stores it in the storage unit 22. The determination unit 21 determines the type of inflow using the information stored in the storage unit 22. Specifically, the discriminating unit 21 compares the first signal S1 which is the light receiving output of the scattered light of the first light emitting element 8A with the second signal S2 which is the light receiving output of the scattered light of the second light emitting element 8B. Calculation is performed using (= first signal S1 / second signal S2). Using the value calculated from the ratio R, for example, the type of inflow is determined based on a table as shown in FIG. A method of determining the type of inflow based on the ratio of the received light output is a conventionally known method. Further, as the output ratio, the output value may be used as it is, one output value may be multiplied by a correction coefficient and then the ratio may be obtained, or a difference value may be used instead of the ratio.

Further, in such a smoke detector 1, the amount of light received by the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B received by the light receiving element 9 has a relationship of steam> white smoke> black smoke. In the case of steam, the amount of light received is the largest because the water particles contained in the steam have the characteristic of reflecting more light. The light of the two light emitting elements 8A and 8B is scattered more, and the amount of received light is increased. On the other hand, in the case of white smoke or black smoke, since the smoke has a characteristic of absorbing light, it becomes difficult for the light to reach the light receiving element 9, and the amount of received light is reduced. Especially in the case of black smoke, the color of the smoke also makes it easier to absorb light, and the amount of light received is smaller than that of white smoke.

Based on this relationship, in the smoke detector 1 of the present invention, the criteria for discriminating inflows are set as shown in FIG. The method of determining the type of influent will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. As described above, the light receiving output of the light receiving element 9 is converted into a numerical value in the microcomputer. The discriminating unit 21 calculates the value of the ratio R using the converted numerical value. At this time, for example, it is assumed that the inflow material that has flowed into the smoke detector 1 is the inflow material A, the first signal S1 of the inflow material A is 100, and the second signal S2 is also 100. The discrimination unit 21 calculates "first signal S1 / second signal S2 = 100/100 = 1" using the ratio R. Then, the value calculated from the ratio R is collated with the table shown in FIG. 4 stored in the storage unit 22, and the inflow material A is determined to be white smoke. When the influent A is steam or black smoke, it is determined by the same procedure.

Once the type of inflow is determined, a fire determination is made next. When the determination result of the inflow is obtained in the smoke detector 1, the correction unit 26 corrects the first signal S1 by a predetermined amount. Specifically, the correction is performed based on the numerical value of the increase / decrease width determined for each type of inflow, which is stored in the storage unit 22. This correction is performed because there is a large difference in the light receiving output depending on the type of inflow and the fire judgment varies. Using the corrected first signal S1, the discriminating unit 21 makes a fire determination by comparing with a predetermined fire threshold value. If it is determined that there is a fire, the transmission unit 24 outputs a fire signal to the fire receiver 30.

A procedure for determining a fire will be described with reference to a specific example. For example, it is assumed that the inflow material that has flowed into the smoke detector 1 is the inflow material B, the first signal S1 of the inflow material B is 40, and the second signal S2 is 20. The discriminating unit 21 calculates “first signal S1 / second signal S2 = 40/20 = 2” using the ratio R, and as a result of collating with the table of FIG. 4, determines that the influent B is black smoke. Next, the correction unit 26 corrects the first signal S1. Since the inflow B is black smoke, the correction unit 26 amplifies the first signal S1 5 times in the present invention and calculates "40 x 5 times = 200". Then, the discrimination unit 21 compares the calculated numerical value with a predetermined fire threshold value to make a fire judgment. In the present invention, the fire threshold value is 200, and the calculated numerical value is equal to or higher than the fire threshold value, so that the fire is determined to be fire. When it is determined that there is a fire, the transmission unit 24 outputs a fire signal to the fire receiver 30, and the fire receiver 30 issues a fire alarm. Even when the influent B is white smoke or steam, it is corrected by a different value depending on the type of the inflow, and a fire is determined by the same procedure.

When the determination unit 21 determines that a fire has occurred, the lighting unit 23 turns on the confirmation lamp 5. At this time, the lighting unit 23 changes the lighting pattern of the confirmation lamp 5 according to the type of the discriminated inflow. For example, it may be a lighting pattern in which the differences can be visually recognized, such as slow blinking in the case of steam, constant lighting in the case of white smoke, and fast blinking in the case of black smoke. With the smoke detector 1 installed, the light of the confirmation light 5 can visually recognize the lighting pattern through the confirmation light window 12 provided on the sensor cover 3.

As described above, by changing the lighting pattern of the confirmation lamp 5, it is possible to know the type of inflow that caused the fire alarm. For example, in a fire detector installed in a place where a lot of steam is generated, such as near the bathroom of a hotel room, it is easily considered that the fire detector is activated by the steam. When the inflow is steam in this way, a fire is issued, although it is not actually a fire. However, according to the smoke detector 1 of the present invention, even if a fire is triggered, it can be confirmed that the cause is steam only by checking the lighting pattern of the confirmation lamp 5, so that the trouble of searching for the fire source can be saved and surely. It is possible to know that it is a false report due to steam. Further, during the operation test of the smoke detector 1, it seems that the confirmation lamp 5 shows a lighting pattern other than the constant lighting even though the tester puts test smoke that should be constantly lit toward the smoke detector 1. In this case, it is possible to know the possibility of malfunction of the smoke detector 1.
<Others>
In the embodiment of the present invention, one confirmation light 5 is provided and the lighting pattern is always lit or blinking at different blinking intervals. However, a plurality of confirmation lights 5 may be provided, or the confirmation light 5 shining in a different color may be provided. The same effect as that of the present invention can be obtained even if a configuration is provided in which a different color is lit depending on the type of inflow to indicate the type of inflow.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the smoke detector 1 has two light emitting elements and one light receiving element, but either the light emitting element or the light receiving element may be one, and a plurality of both may be used. The same effect as that of the present invention can be obtained as the configuration provided.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the light emitting element and the light receiving element are those of a photoelectric sensor, but the configuration using different sensors such as a photoelectric sensor, a CO sensor, and an ion sensor is the same as that of the present invention. The effect is obtained.

1 Smoke detector, 2 Sensor body, 3 Sensor cover, 4 Back plate, 5 Confirmation light,
6 Optical stand plate, 7 Optical stand, 8A 1st light emitting element, 8B 2nd light emitting element,
9 light receiving element, 10 optical base wall, 11 cover surface, 12 confirmation light window,
13 Smoke detection unit, 14 recess, 20 control unit, 21 discrimination unit, 22 storage unit, 23 lighting unit, 24 transmitter unit,
25 light emitting part, 26 correction part, 30 fire receiver

Claims (4)

A light emitting element that emits light toward the inside of the smoke detector,
A light receiving element that receives the light of the light emitting element scattered by the inflow material that has flowed into the smoke detection unit, and
In a smoke detector having the light emitting element and the confirmation light that lights up when the inflow is detected by the light receiving element.
A discriminating unit that discriminates the type of inflow and
A smoke detector comprising a lighting unit that lights the confirmation lamp in a different lighting pattern based on a determination result of the type of inflow. The first aspect of claim 1, wherein the discriminating unit discriminates whether the inflow is steam, white smoke, or black smoke based on the light receiving output of the light receiving element, and outputs the discriminant result. smoke detector. When the discriminating unit determines that the inflow is steam, the lighting unit delays the blinking interval of the confirmation lamp as compared with the case where the discriminating unit determines that the inflow is smoke. The smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the smoke detector is lit in a lighting pattern. When the discriminating unit determines that the inflow is black smoke, the lighting unit blinks the confirmation lamp, and when it determines that the inflow is white smoke, the lighting unit constantly lights the confirmation lamp. The smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the smoke detector is lit in the lighting pattern.

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