JP2021017256A - Storage facility - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a storage facility 1 capable of suppressing clogging caused by moisture-containing powder dust being fixedly attached to filter-cloth 10 of a bag-filter 11, and a rathole, a bridge or the like generated due to powder staying in a discharge chute.SOLUTION: According to the present invention, in a case where moisture-containing powder dust is fixedly attached to filter-cloth 10 inside a bag-filter 11 when charging powder, there are provided a configuration of peeling off by drying the powder dust via blowing of air from outside a storage facility 1; and another configuration of dispersing by blowing clean air obtained by reducing the moisture and the powder dust with a treatment facility 21, toward the powder staying in a discharge chute, when discharging.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a powder storage facility for storing powders, flakes, and lumps, and stably supplying and transporting them.

Conventionally, powder is charged into a storage tank through an upper charging chute and stored in a storage tank such as a silo or a hopper until it is used. When used, it is discharged from the discharge chute at the bottom of the storage tank and transported quantitatively.

A bug filter is installed at the top of the storage tank for ventilation and dust collection from powder. The bag filter has a structure in which a filter cloth is provided between the exhaust gas introduction port and the gas discharge port in the casing, and the dust-containing gas sucked from the gas introduction port passes through the filter cloth to form a filter cloth material. Dust is collected on the surface, and clean gas is discharged from the gas outlet.

Examples of the powder to be stored include coal, highly hydrous substances, and biomass fuel. The biomass fuel includes agricultural and forestry resources such as PKS (palm palm husk), wood pellets, and wood chips, livestock waste, and industrial waste. The mechanism of power generation using biomass fuel includes biomass power generation, which uses heat generated by directly burning biomass fuel to generate power, and biogas power generation, which uses biogas generated by fermentation to generate power. In the power generation facility, the biomass fuel is stored in the storage tank and is supplied from the discharge chute at the bottom of the storage tank at the time of use.

Powders and biomass fuels stored in storage tanks are often hygroscopic and absorb moisture in the air. In addition, the carbide powder of biomass may be in a moist state containing a large amount of sprinkled water in order to reduce the risk of dust explosion and fire.

Further, when the temperature inside the storage tank is higher than the outside air temperature and there is a temperature difference, the humidity near the discharge chute of the storage tank and the vicinity of the exhaust gas introduction port becomes high, and dew condensation occurs. As an example, dew condensation occurs when the humidity in the storage tank is 80%, the temperature difference from the outside air is about 3 ° C, and when the humidity is 50%, the temperature difference from the outside air is about 10 ° C.

In this way, the powder contains water and agglomerates into agglomerates, resulting in poor fluidity. It causes a problem of forming a blocking bridge or the like.

Generally, in order to prevent rat holes and bridges due to powder retention, a method of injecting gas or vibrating from multiple locations near the lower discharge chute in the storage tank, or using a tool such as a pick is used. A method of manually crushing and removing has been adopted.

However, the method of injecting a cleaning gas such as compressed air or nitrogen with respect to the retention of the discharge port as in the prior art is a gas provided in the lower part of the storage tank when the stored powder causes consolidation and is hardened. In some cases, the injection port of the gas is blocked and the effect of gas injection is not exhibited. This blocked state causes a problem of hindering discharge and transportation from the discharge chute.

In addition, the method of applying vibration may cause noise or deformation or cracks in the storage tank by applying vibration to the storage tank. Further, the method of manually crushing and removing is troublesome and has a problem that the worker who works in the storage tank is dangerous.

The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is characterized in that gas outlets for preventing powder retention are provided at the upper and lower portions in order to prevent powder from staying in the hopper (storage tank). is there. From the gas inlets at the top and bottom of the hopper, air that has been sufficiently dried with a refrigeration dryer and a membrane dryer is ejected according to the humidity in the storage tank, so that the powder is dried and the fluidity is improved. , Will be able to be transported smoothly.

JP-A-2002-211763

However, there is a problem that wet dust adheres to the filter cloth and causes clogging when air containing water and biogas generated by fermentation of powder containing a large amount of water and biomass fuel during storage passes through the bag filter. It was happening.

If the filter cloth becomes clogged, the bug filter will not function properly and there is a risk of dust explosion.

For the clogging of the filter cloth of the bag filter, the method of instantaneously injecting the cleaning gas into the storage tank such as backwash to remove the dust has been adopted, but the dust containing water is used. If it sticks to the filter cloth, it is necessary to spray the cleaning gas many times to remove the dust, and the more times the cleaning gas is sprayed, the more easily the bag filter cloth is damaged and the life is shortened. ..

The present invention has been made in view of the problems described above, and is a device that enables cleaning of the bag filter when dust containing water adheres to the bag filter, and a powder in a discharge chute. Regarding storage equipment equipped with equipment for eliminating stagnation.

As a first means for solving the above problem, in a storage facility for storing and supplying powder, flakes, and lumps.
A bag filter that collects dust contained in the gas discharged from the space above the storage in the storage tank,
The bag filter includes a filter cloth arranged in a casing above the storage tank so as to separate the space between the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust port.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a storage facility characterized in that an injection port for injecting gas is provided on the exhaust gas introduction port side of the filter cloth.

According to the first means, the dust-containing gas in the storage tank is removed by the bag filter. In addition, gas is sprayed onto the exhaust gas inlet side of the filter cloth to dry the dust containing water adhering to the filter cloth, and clogging of the filter cloth can be prevented. Therefore, the bug filter functions normally and a dust explosion occurs. You can avoid the danger of.
Further, even when the cleaning gas is sprayed on the filter cloth for cleaning, the dust adhering to the filter cloth is dried and easily peeled off, and the damage to the filter cloth can be reduced, so that the life of the filter cloth can be extended.

As a second means for solving the above problem, in the storage facility,
It is an object of the present invention to provide the storage equipment according to the first means, wherein a gas injection means provided with an injection port for injecting gas downward is provided in the discharge chute of the storage tank.

According to the second means, since the gas is injected downward to the discharge chute of the storage facility, the powder can flow and the retention can be prevented.

As a third means for solving the above problem, an exhaust gas introduction port is provided on the side wall of the space formed above the storage in the storage tank.
The processing equipment to which the gas guided from the exhaust gas inlet is connected and
The storage facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a gas sampling nozzle is provided between the exhaust gas introduction port and the treatment facility.

According to the third means, dust-containing gas is transferred from the space above the storage tank to a treatment facility for treatment, thereby producing clean gas with reduced water content and dust. Further, by collecting gas from the gas sampling nozzle and analyzing it, the humidity and temperature in the storage tank can be estimated. By using it together with the temperature sensor in the storage tank, it becomes possible to measure the temperature with high accuracy.

As a fourth means for solving the above problem, the treatment equipment is provided with a dust recovery unit and a water recovery unit.
The dust recovery unit includes a straightening vane that controls the flow of exhaust gas and a water storage unit that collects dust.
The water recovery unit is provided with the storage facility according to the third means, which comprises a cooling unit for generating dew condensation water and a discharge means for discharging the generated dew condensation water.

According to the fourth means, the dust-containing gas recovers the dust and the water through the treatment equipment, so that a clean gas with reduced water and dust can be obtained.

According to the fifth means, the gas sampling nozzle is
A means for collecting the gas discharged from the space formed above the storage in the storage tank is provided.
It is an object of the present invention to provide the storage equipment according to the third means or the fourth means, which comprises detecting the amount of dust, the amount of water, and the degree of fermentation from the components of the collected gas.

As a fifth means for solving the above problem, the amount of dust, the amount of water, and the degree of fermentation can be obtained by analyzing the gas collected by the gas sampling nozzle. In addition, the humidity and temperature inside the storage tank can be estimated from the degree of fermentation.

According to the present invention, the filter cloth of the bag filter functions normally by preventing clogging due to wet dust, so that the risk of dust explosion can be avoided and the life of the filter cloth can be extended. Further, when the powder containing water is discharged from the storage facility and transported, it can be effectively prevented from adhering to the discharge chute and forming a rat hole or a bridge. Furthermore, by analyzing the gas in the storage tank using the gas sampling nozzle, the humidity and temperature can be estimated, and the stored products can be properly managed and supplied.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the storage facility which concerns on this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structure of the bag filter which concerns on this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structure of the processing equipment which concerns on this invention.

The storage facility of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment of the present invention, air was used as the gas. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this, and an inert gas such as nitrogen gas may be used.
[Storage equipment 1]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a storage facility 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the bag filter 11, and FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the processing equipment 21 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the storage facility 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a bag filter 11 and a processing facility 21.

The storage facility 1 is equipped to receive and store the transported powders such as coal, highly hydrous substances, and biomass fuel so that they can be supplied at the time of use. Specifically, the powder is supplied to the storage tank 2 by air transportation from an input chute (not shown), and the stored powder is transported to a boiler, a power generation facility, or the like via the discharge chute 3 at the time of use.

[Bag filter 11]
The configuration of the bag filter 11 is shown in FIG. The bag filter 11 is provided with an exhaust gas introduction port 5A on the storage tank 2 side and an exhaust gas port 7 on the anti-storage tank 2 side, and is provided with a filter cloth 10 so as to partition a space between the exhaust gas introduction port 5A and the exhaust port 7. ing. Further, the bag filter 11 is provided in the upper part of the storage tank 2, and is configured to collect dust contained in the gas discharged from the storage tank 2 through the exhaust gas introduction port 5A with the filter cloth 10. In the present embodiment, the gas inlet 6A is provided on the storage tank 2 side of the bag filter 11, and the cleaning gas ejection mechanism 9 is provided on the anti-storage tank 2 side.

The operation method of the bag filter 11 using the storage facility 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. Powders such as coal, highly hydrous substances, and biomass fuel to be supplied are vigorously charged into the storage tank 2. Many of these powders are hygroscopic, and biomass fuels are sprinkled with water to avoid the risk of dust explosions. Therefore, a large amount of dust containing water is scattered in the storage tank 2 when the powder is charged.

For ventilation, the dust-containing gas in the storage tank 2 is introduced from the exhaust gas introduction port 5A provided in the bag filter 11, and the dust contained in the gas is collected by the filter cloth 10. The dust-free gas is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 7.
However, dust containing a large amount of water as in the present embodiment adheres to the filter cloth 10.

[Cleaning gas mechanism 9]
The cleaning gas mechanism 9 provided in the bag filter 11 is provided with a gas line extending in the horizontal direction on the anti-storage tank 2 side, and a plurality of injection nozzles are arranged so as to extend toward the filter cloth 10 from the gas line. The filter cloth 10 can be washed by spraying a cleaning gas.

If the dust containing water adheres to the filter cloth 10, it causes serious clogging, and the cleaning gas mechanism 9 has to inject the cleaning gas many times, which may damage the filter cloth 10. is there. However, the dust adhering to the filter cloth 10 is dried by introducing the gas from the blow port 6A, and the dust can be easily peeled off from the filter cloth 10 by cleaning by the cleaning gas mechanism 9, so that the filter cloth 10 is less damaged. Expected to have a longer life.

Further, the introduction of gas from the air inlet 6A has the effect of lowering the temperature and humidity in the storage tank 2. It is also possible to adjust the inflow amount of gas by the valve 8 according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor (not shown) installed in the storage tank 2.

When the powder is charged into the storage tank 2, air (outside air) is introduced from the blow port 6A while adjusting the inflow amount with the valve 8 connected to the gas blow port 6A provided in the bag filter 11, and the filter cloth 10 is used. It is configured so that the dust adhering to the dust can be dried.

When air is introduced from the air inlet 6A, the air is discharged from the exhaust port 7. At this time, the air introduced from the air inlet 6A may be the dehumidified and dried air disclosed in Patent Document 1.

As described above, since it is possible to prevent the filter cloth 10 of the dust explosion from being clogged, the bug filter 11 functions normally and the danger of the dust explosion can be avoided.

[Processing equipment 21]
The processing equipment 21 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 includes a dust recovery unit 23 and a water recovery unit 24. At the time of discharge, the gas is introduced into the treatment facility 21 from the space formed above the stored material in the dust-containing gas storage tank 2 containing water through the exhaust gas introduction port 5B. By collecting dust by the dust collecting unit 23 and further collecting water by the water collecting unit 24, a clean gas in which water and dust are reduced from the dust-containing gas containing water is produced.

The power of transportation from the exhaust gas introduction port 5B to the treatment facility 21 is due to the fan 20. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the fan 20 is preferably installed between the treatment equipment 21 and the gas inlet 6B, or between the exhaust gas introduction port 5B and the treatment equipment 21.

The dust recovery unit 23 includes a straightening vane 25 and a water storage unit 26. The water storage unit 26 corresponds to a cleaning / dust collecting device using a droplet or a liquid film as a collecting medium. The dust-containing gas containing water introduced from the exhaust gas introduction port 5B flows along the straightening vane 25 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3) and passes through the water storage unit 26 to collect the dust to the water storage unit 26. .. When the stored material is wood pellets, the dust collected in the water storage unit 26 can be transported to the recycling device and reused.
The water-containing gas from which dust has been recovered and the dust has been reduced in this way is then blown to the water recovery unit 24.

The water recovery unit 24 includes a demister 27 that separates water in the gas, and a drain port and a water collection tank (not shown). Condensation occurs when the water-containing gas cooled by an air-cooled or cooling mechanism (not shown) such as a cold water pipe passes through the demister 27. When the cooled gas collides with the metal wire of the demister 27, water is aggregated from the gas and can be efficiently separated as water particles. The water separated by dew condensation in this way is collected in the drain port or the water collecting tank, and the clean gas from which the water has been removed is introduced into the storage tank 2 from the blow port 6B.

At the time of discharging the stored material, a clean gas having reduced water content and dust is introduced into the storage tank 2 from a plurality of air inlets 6B provided so as to surround the discharge chute at an intermediate position of the discharge chute of the storage tank 2. By introducing the clean gas, the humidity in the storage tank 2 can be lowered and kept stable.

Further, by ejecting clean gas downward from a plurality of gas inlets 6B toward the discharge chute of the storage tank 2, the powder accumulated in the discharge chute is dispersed and the rat hole, the bridge, etc. are eliminated. Because there is, it can be supplied and transported smoothly.

[Gas sampling nozzle]
A sampling nozzle 4 is provided in front of the processing equipment 21 connected from the exhaust gas introduction port 5B. In the case of biomass fuel, by collecting and analyzing the gas that has flowed in through the exhaust gas inlet 5B with the gas sampling nozzle 4, not only can the amount of dust and water in the gas be grasped, but also the amount of gas generated during fermentation is stored. The degree of fermentation of the stored matter in the tank 2 can be confirmed. When fermented, moisture is generated in the initial state, so that the humidity in the storage tank 2 becomes high.

When the humidity in the storage tank 2 becomes high, the powder stays in the discharge chute and forms rat holes and bridges. Therefore, when the analysis result by the gas sampling nozzle 4 shows that the humidity is high, a plurality of gases are used. Clean gas is ejected downward from the inlet 6B toward the stored powder in the storage tank 2. The airflow generated at this time can be expected to have the effect of dispersing the powder accumulated near the discharge chute.

Further, when it is determined from the analysis result by the gas sampling nozzle 4 that only the amount of dust in the gas or only the amount of water is large, only the dust recovery unit 23 or the water recovery unit 24 constituting the processing equipment 21 is operated. Dust or water can be recovered from the gas.
In the above case, the processing equipment 21 may be composed of only the dust recovery unit 23 or only the water recovery unit 24 according to the properties of the stored material.

Furthermore, as fermentation progresses, fermentation heat is generated, and if the temperature inside the storage tank 2 rises and exceeds a predetermined temperature, it changes to heat generation due to an oxidation reaction and there is a risk of spontaneous combustion, so temperature control is required. is important.

By analyzing the gas collected from the gas sampling nozzle 4, it is possible to estimate the temperature rise in the storage tank 2. Further, by using the temperature sensor (not shown) in the storage tank 2 and the gas sampling nozzle 4 in combination, the temperature can be measured with high accuracy.

When it is judged that the temperature rise is remarkable by utilizing the analysis result by the temperature sensor (not shown) and the gas sampling nozzle 4, an inert gas such as nitrogen gas is ejected from a different injection from the gas injection port 6B. It plays a role in preventing ignition due to oxidative heat generation.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the combinations shown in the embodiments, and various modifications can be made.
Further, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various omissions, substitutions or changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

The present invention is particularly useful in storage equipment for storing and supplying storages such as water-containing powders and biomass fuels.

1 Storage equipment 2 Storage tank 3 Discharge chute 4 Gas sampling nozzle 5A, 5B Exhaust gas inlet 6A, 6B Gas inlet 7 Exhaust port 8 Valve 9 Cleaning gas ejection mechanism 10 Filter cloth 11 Bag filter 20 Fan 21 Treatment equipment 23 Dust collection Part 24 Moisture recovery part 25 Straightening plate 26 Water storage part 27 Demister

Claims (5)

In storage equipment that stores and supplies powders, flakes, and lumps
A bag filter that collects dust contained in the gas discharged from the space above the storage in the storage tank,
The bag filter includes a filter cloth arranged in a casing above the storage tank so as to separate the space between the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust port.
A storage facility characterized in that an injection port for injecting gas is provided on the exhaust gas introduction port side of the filter cloth. In the storage facility
The storage facility according to claim 1, wherein a gas injection means provided with an injection port for injecting gas downward is provided in the discharge chute of the storage tank. An exhaust gas introduction port is provided on the side wall of the space formed above the storage in the storage tank.
The processing equipment to which the gas guided from the exhaust gas inlet is connected and
The storage facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a gas sampling nozzle is provided between the exhaust gas introduction port and the treatment facility. The treatment equipment is provided with a dust recovery unit and a water recovery unit.
The dust recovery unit includes a straightening vane that controls the flow of exhaust gas and a water storage unit that collects dust.
The storage facility according to claim 3, wherein the water recovery unit includes a cooling unit for generating dew condensation water and a discharge means for discharging the generated dew condensation water. The gas sampling nozzle
A means for collecting the gas discharged from the space formed above the storage in the storage tank is provided.
The storage facility according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the amount of dust, the amount of water, and the degree of fermentation are detected from the components of the collected gas.

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