JP2021014453A - Corolla regulator for plant body - Google Patents
Corolla regulator for plant body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021014453A JP2021014453A JP2020118209A JP2020118209A JP2021014453A JP 2021014453 A JP2021014453 A JP 2021014453A JP 2020118209 A JP2020118209 A JP 2020118209A JP 2020118209 A JP2020118209 A JP 2020118209A JP 2021014453 A JP2021014453 A JP 2021014453A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- corolla
- plant
- acid
- aroma
- test
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、有機酸および/またはその塩を有効成分とする、植物体の花冠調整剤に関する。 The present invention relates to a plant corolla regulator containing an organic acid and / or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
昔から花卉等の植物体を栽培し、植物体の色調や形態を見て楽しむ、あるいは、植物体の香気を楽しむことがなされてきた。鑑賞用の植物体の中でも、特にバラの人気は高く、中世ヨーロッパで育成された白色や赤紫色の花を咲かせるバラに加えて、中国から渡来したバラによって紅色の色素や淡黄色の色素が加わり、1900年頃には、ロサ・フェティダ(Rosa foetida)との交雑により、バラの花に黄色の色素が導入された。近年には、遺伝子組み換えによって、青色系の花を咲かせるバラが加わるなど、他の植物体と比べて花色が豊富であることが特徴となっている。しかしながら、品種改良や遺伝子組み換え以外に、植物体の花の色調を変化させる方法はあまり知られていない。
また、鑑賞目的のみならず、植物体の香気を楽しむ人も多く、中でも、バラは、様々な特徴ある香気の品種が開発されてきた。近年では、リフレッシュ効果やリラックス効果など香気の機能性についても注目されている(例えば、特許文献1、2等)。しかしながら、色調と同様に、品種改良や遺伝子組み換え以外に、植物体の花の香気を変化させる方法はあまり知られていない。
またバラの花冠は、中心が高く花弁がしっかりと巻いて均等に花弁が開いた状態が美しいと評価される傾向にあるが、色調や香気と同様に、品種改良や遺伝子組み換え以外に、植物体の花の形状を変化させる方法は知られていない。
Since ancient times, it has been practiced to cultivate plants such as flowers and enjoy watching the color tone and morphology of the plants, or enjoying the aroma of the plants. Among the ornamental plants, roses are especially popular, and in addition to the roses that bloom white and magenta flowers grown in medieval Europe, the roses that came from China added red pigment and pale yellow pigment. Around 1900, a yellow pigment was introduced into the rose flower by crossing with Rosa foetida. In recent years, it is characterized by abundant flower colors compared to other plants, such as the addition of roses that bloom blue flowers by genetic modification. However, little is known about methods for changing the color tone of plant flowers other than breeding and genetic modification.
In addition, many people enjoy the aroma of plants as well as for viewing purposes. Among them, roses have been developed with various characteristic aroma varieties. In recent years, attention has also been paid to the functionality of aroma such as refreshing effect and relaxing effect (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, as with color tone, little is known about methods for changing the aroma of plant flowers other than breeding and genetic modification.
In addition, the corolla of roses tends to be evaluated as beautiful when the center is high and the petals are tightly rolled and the petals are evenly opened. However, as with the color tone and aroma, other than breeding and genetic recombination, the plant body No method is known to change the shape of the flower.
上述のとおり、植物体における花弁(花びら)の集合体である花冠の色調、香気、形状などを変化させる方法として、品種改良や遺伝子組み換え以外の手法はあまり知られていない。
そこで、本発明は、品種改良や遺伝子組み換えなどの手法を用いることなく、色調、香気、形状などを使用者の好みに合わせて調整することが出来る、薬剤の提供を目的としている。
As described above, methods other than breeding and genetic modification are not well known as methods for changing the color tone, aroma, shape, etc. of the corolla, which is an aggregate of petals (petals) in a plant.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a drug capable of adjusting the color tone, aroma, shape, etc. according to the user's preference without using techniques such as breeding and genetic modification.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、植物体に対して有機酸および/またはその塩を施用することにより、植物体の花冠に関して、特に色調、香気、形状が変化することを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of diligent research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have applied an organic acid and / or a salt thereof to the plant, and as a result, with respect to the flower crown of the plant, particularly the color tone, aroma, and shape. Has been found to change, and the present invention has been completed.
本発明は、詳しくは以下の事項を要旨とする。
1.有機酸および/またはその塩を有効成分とする、植物体の花冠調整剤。
2.花冠の色調、香気および形状から選択される1つ以上を調整することを特徴とする、1.に記載の植物体の花冠調整剤。
3.有機酸および/またはその塩を有効成分とする組成物を植物体に施用することを特徴とする、植物体の花冠の色調、香気および形状から選択される1つ以上を調整する方法。
The gist of the present invention is as follows.
1. 1. A plant corolla regulator containing an organic acid and / or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
2. 2. 1. Adjusting one or more selected from the color, aroma and shape of the corolla. The corolla conditioner of the plant described in.
3. 3. A method of adjusting one or more selected from the color, aroma and shape of the corolla of a plant, characterized in that a composition containing an organic acid and / or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is applied to the plant.
本発明によれば、植物体の花冠に関して、特に、色調、香気および形状から選択される1つ以上を調整することが出来る。
植物体の花冠の色調については、本発明の調整剤を用いることにより、リラックス効果や食用においては健康効果に寄与することが既に報告されているアントシアニン色素の含有量を有意に増加させることが出来るため、色調が濃くなった植物体の花冠を得ることが出来る。
また、植物体の花冠の香気については、植物体の花冠が有する香気成分の含有量を有意に増加させることが出来るため、香気が強くなった植物体の花冠を得ることが出来る。
さらには、植物体の花冠の形状の完成度を高めることが出来るため、外観に優れた植物体の花冠を得ることが出来るという優れた効果を発揮する。
本発明は、外観と香気に優れた花冠を有する植物体を得る上で、非常に有用である。
According to the present invention, with respect to the corolla of a plant, one or more selected from, in particular, color tone, aroma and shape can be adjusted.
Regarding the color tone of the corolla of a plant, the content of the anthocyanin pigment, which has already been reported to contribute to a relaxing effect and a health effect in food, can be significantly increased by using the adjusting agent of the present invention. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a corolla of a plant with a darker color tone.
Further, regarding the aroma of the corolla of the plant body, the content of the aroma component contained in the corolla of the plant body can be significantly increased, so that the corolla of the plant body having a stronger aroma can be obtained.
Further, since the perfection of the shape of the corolla of the plant can be enhanced, the excellent effect of obtaining the corolla of the plant having an excellent appearance is exhibited.
The present invention is very useful in obtaining a plant having a corolla having an excellent appearance and aroma.
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
<植物体の花冠調整剤>
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤における「調整」とは、調整剤を利用する使用者が好む方向に、植物体の花冠を調整することを意味する。調整する項目としては、具体的に、色調、香気、大きさ、立体的な形状が挙げられ、花冠色調調整剤、花冠香気調整剤、花冠形状調整剤として利用することが可能である。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
<Plant corolla modifier>
"Adjustment" in the corolla adjuster of the plant of the present invention means adjusting the corolla of the plant in a direction preferred by the user who uses the adjuster. Specific items to be adjusted include color tone, aroma, size, and three-dimensional shape, and can be used as a corolla color tone adjuster, a corolla aroma adjuster, and a corolla shape adjuster.
<有機酸および/またはその塩について>
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤の有効成分は、有機酸および/またはその塩である。
本発明における有機酸としては、カルボキシル基(−CO2H基)を有するカルボン酸と、スルホ基(−SO3H基)を有するスルホン酸が挙げられるが、中でも、カルボン酸が好ましい。カルボン酸としては、蟻酸、酢酸等の飽和カルボン酸、オレイン酸等の不飽和カルボン酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸等のヒドロキシカルボン酸、安息香酸等の芳香族カルボン酸、シュウ酸、コハク酸等のジカルボン酸が挙げられる。中でも、炭素数1以上10以下の有機酸が好ましく、例えば、蟻酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、吉草酸、カプロン酸、エナント酸、カプリル酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸等の飽和脂肪酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸等のジカルボン酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸、酒石酸等のヒドロキシカルボン酸、安息香酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、サリチル酸等の芳香族カルボン酸等が挙げられる。
これらの有機酸の中でも、本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤の有効成分として、炭素数1以上5以下の飽和カルボン酸が好適である。
また、本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤の有効成分として、例えば、酢酸を用いる場合は、純粋な酢酸の他、食酢である醸造酢や合成酢が含まれる。これらは市販されており、例えば、穀物酢や特濃酢、高濃度醸造酢、粉末食酢(酢酸とデキストリン等の混合物)などを利用することができる。また、ワインビネガーやアップルビネガーといった果実酢も利用可能である。
有機酸の塩としては、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩、アンモニウム塩、エタノールアミン塩、トリエタノールアミン塩等が挙げられ、本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤の有効成分として、有機酸塩を使用する場合には、ナトリウム塩、トリエタノールアミン塩、アンモニウム塩、カリウム塩が好ましい。これらの塩は単体として植物体の花冠調整剤中に加えても良いが、有機酸と対応する中和剤とを別々に加えて製剤調製時に塩を形成させてもよい。例えば、有機酸と、中和剤として水酸化ナトリウムを別々に加えて、ナトリウム塩として使用することができる。中和剤として、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等が好適である。
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、上記の有機酸および/またはその塩を含有するものを、1種のみ使用しても良いし、2種以上を混合して使用しても良い。
<About organic acids and / or their salts>
The active ingredient of the corolla modifier of the plant of the present invention is an organic acid and / or a salt thereof.
Examples of the organic acid in the present invention include a carboxylic acid having a carboxyl group (-CO 2 H group) and a sulfonic acid having a sulfo group (-SO 3 H group), and among them, a carboxylic acid is preferable. Examples of the carboxylic acid include saturated carboxylic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid, unsaturated carboxylic acids such as oleic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as malic acid and citric acid, aromatic carboxylic acids such as benzoic acid, oxalic acid and succinic acid. Dicarboxylic acid can be mentioned. Among them, organic acids having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are preferable, and for example, saturated fatty acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, capric acid, pelargonic acid, and capric acid, oxalic acid, Dicarboxylic acids such as malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid and maleic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and salicylic acid. Such as aromatic carboxylic acids and the like.
Among these organic acids, a saturated carboxylic acid having 1 or more and 5 or less carbon atoms is preferable as the active ingredient of the corolla adjusting agent for the plant body of the present invention.
When acetic acid is used as the active ingredient of the flower crown adjusting agent for plants of the present invention, for example, pure acetic acid, vinegar such as vinegar and synthetic vinegar are included. These are commercially available, and for example, grain vinegar, special concentrated vinegar, high-concentration brewed vinegar, powdered vinegar (mixture of acetic acid and dextrin, etc.) can be used. Fruit vinegars such as wine vinegar and apple vinegar are also available.
Examples of the salt of the organic acid include sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, ammonium salt, ethanolamine salt, triethanolamine salt and the like, and organic as an active ingredient of the flower crown modifier of the plant of the present invention. When a salt salt is used, sodium salt, triethanolamine salt, ammonium salt and potassium salt are preferable. These salts may be added as a simple substance to the corolla regulator of a plant, or an organic acid and a corresponding neutralizing agent may be added separately to form salts at the time of preparation of the preparation. For example, an organic acid and sodium hydroxide as a neutralizing agent can be added separately and used as a sodium salt. As the neutralizing agent, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like are suitable.
As the corolla regulator of the plant body of the present invention, one containing the above organic acid and / or a salt thereof may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be mixed and used.
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、有効成分である有機酸および/またはその塩を、植物体の花冠調整剤全体に対して、好ましくは0.01重量%以上、より好ましくは0.05重量%以上、さらに好ましくは0.1重量%以上となるように含有させることができる。また、有機酸および/またはその塩をあまり多量に用いると、有機酸臭が気になる使用者もいるため、10重量%以下の含有量とすることが好ましく、5重量%以下がより好ましく、3重量%以下がさらに好ましい。
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、そのまま植物体に処理することができるが、所定の有効成分を含有した製剤を使用時に水で希釈して植物体に処理することもできる。この場合、水で希釈された製剤中での有効成分である有機酸および/またはその塩の含有量は、好ましくは0.01重量%以上、より好ましくは0.05重量%以上、さらに好ましくは0.1重量%以上となるように調製して使用することができる。
The plant corolla regulator of the present invention contains the active ingredient organic acid and / or a salt thereof in an amount of preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.05, based on the total amount of the plant corolla regulator. It can be contained in an amount of% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more. Further, if an organic acid and / or a salt thereof is used in an excessively large amount, some users may be concerned about the odor of the organic acid. Therefore, the content is preferably 10% by weight or less, more preferably 5% by weight or less. More preferably, it is 3% by weight or less.
The corolla adjusting agent for plants of the present invention can be treated as it is on plants, but it is also possible to dilute a preparation containing a predetermined active ingredient with water at the time of use and treat it on plants. In this case, the content of the active ingredient organic acid and / or a salt thereof in the water-diluted preparation is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.05% by weight or more, still more preferably. It can be prepared and used so as to be 0.1% by weight or more.
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、各種製剤として用いることができる。
製剤としては、例えば、油剤、乳剤、水和剤、フロアブル剤(水中懸濁剤、水中乳濁剤等)、マイクロカプセル剤、粉剤、粒剤、錠剤、液剤、スプレー剤、エアゾール剤等が挙げられる。その中でも、スプレー剤やエアゾール剤等の噴霧用製剤や、液剤をジョウロヘッド付き容器に充填した散布剤等が、本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤の性能を、最大限に活用することができる製剤型として好適である。スプレー剤やエアゾール剤とするには、所定の噴霧パターン、噴霧粒子を供給する噴霧装置を備えたエアゾール缶、薬剤ボトルを用いることができる。
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、本発明の効果を奏する限り、液剤に限らず、粉剤、顆粒剤、微細粒等の固形剤として用いることもできる。
上記製剤の1つの製造例としては、有機酸および/またはその塩と必要に応じて界面活性剤を用いて溶剤に溶かして溶液(A液)を調製し、このA液を適量の水に混合、撹拌して製剤とすることにより、使用時に希釈する必要がない植物体の花冠調整剤とする方法を挙げることができる。
水としては、水道水、イオン交換水、蒸留水、濾過処理した水、滅菌処理した水、地下水などを用いることができる。
The corolla adjusting agent for plants of the present invention can be used as various preparations.
Examples of the preparation include oils, emulsions, wettable powders, flowables (suspensions in water, emulsions in water, etc.), microcapsules, powders, granules, tablets, liquids, sprays, aerosols and the like. Be done. Among them, spray preparations such as spray agents and aerosol agents, spray agents in which a liquid agent is filled in a container with a watering can head, and the like can make the best use of the performance of the corolla conditioner of the plant body of the present invention. Suitable as a formulation type. As a spray agent or an aerosol agent, an aerosol can or a drug bottle equipped with a predetermined spray pattern and a spray device for supplying spray particles can be used.
The corolla adjusting agent for plants of the present invention is not limited to liquid preparations, but can also be used as solid preparations such as powders, granules and fine granules, as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.
As one production example of the above preparation, a solution (solution A) is prepared by dissolving it in a solvent using an organic acid and / or a salt thereof and, if necessary, a surfactant, and the solution A is mixed with an appropriate amount of water. , A method of preparing a flower crown adjusting agent for a plant that does not need to be diluted at the time of use can be mentioned by stirring to prepare the preparation.
As the water, tap water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, filtered water, sterilized water, groundwater and the like can be used.
製剤時に用いられる液体担体としては、例えば、アルコール類(メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ブタノール、ヘキサノール、ベンジルアルコール、エチレングリコール等)、エーテル類(ジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン等)、エステル類(酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ミリスチン酸イソプロピル、乳酸エチル等)、ケトン類(アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等)、芳香族または脂肪族炭化水素類(キシレン、トルエン、アルキルナフタレン、フェニルキシリルエタン、ケロシン、軽油、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等)、ハロゲン化炭化水素類(クロロベンゼン、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン、トリクロロエタン等)、ニトリル類(アセトニトリル、イソブチロニトリル等)、スルホキシド類(ジメチルスルホキシド等)、ヘテロ環系溶剤(スルホラン、γ−ブチロラクトン、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、N−エチル−2−ピロリドン、N−オクチル−2−ピロリドン、1,3−ジメチル−2−イミダゾリジノン)、酸アミド類(N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド等)、炭酸アルキリデン類(炭酸プロピレン等)、植物油(大豆油、綿実油等)、植物精油(オレンジ油、ヒソップ油、ハッカ油、レモン油等)、及び水が挙げられる。 Examples of the liquid carrier used in the preparation include alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, hexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, etc.) and ethers (diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl). Ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl myristate, ethyl lactate, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), aromatic or fat Group hydrocarbons (xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalene, phenylxysilyl ethane, kerosine, light oil, hexane, cyclohexane, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (chlorobenzene, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, etc.), nitriles (nitrile, isobuty) Lonitrile, etc.), sulfoxides (dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), heterocyclic solvents (sulfolane, γ-butyrolactone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1, 3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone), acid amides (N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, etc.), alkylidene carbonates (propylene carbonate, etc.), vegetable oils (soybean oil, cottonseed oil, etc.), plants Essential oils (orange oil, hisop oil, pepper oil, lemon oil, etc.), and water can be mentioned.
製剤時に用いられる界面活性剤としては、非イオン性界面活性剤、陰イオン性界面活性剤、陽イオン性界面活性剤、及び両性界面活性剤を挙げることができる。非イオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシアルキレンアリルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアリルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンスチリルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテルホルムアルデヒド縮合物、ポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー、ポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマーアルキルフェニルエーテル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(例、ソルビタンモノオレエート、ソルビタンラウレート)、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エーテルなどが挙げられる。陰イオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、硫酸アルキル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル硫酸、ポリオキシエチレンベンジル(またはスチリル)フェニルエーテル硫酸またはポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー硫酸のナトリウム、カルシウムまたはアンモニウムの各塩;スルホン酸アルキル、ジアルキルスルホサクシネート、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸(例、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸カルシウムなど)、モノ−またはジ−アルキルナフタレン酸スルホン酸、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物、リグニンスルホン酸、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテルスルホン酸またはポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルスルホサクシネートのナトリウム、カルシウム、アンモニウムまたはアルカノールアミン塩の各塩;ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルホスフェート、ポリオキシエチレン、モノ−またはジ−アルキルフェニルエーテルホスフェート、ポリオキシエチレンベンジル(またはスチリル)化フェニルエーテルホスフェート、ポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマーホスフェートのナトリウムまたはカルシウム塩などの各塩が挙げられる。陽イオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば第4級アンモニウム塩、アルキルアミン塩、アルキルピリジニウム塩、アルキルオキサイドなどが挙げられる。両性界面活性剤としては、例えばアルキルベタイン、アミンオキシドなどが挙げられる。なお、界面活性剤は展着剤としても用いられる。 Examples of the surfactant used at the time of preparation include a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyalkylene allylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene allyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, and polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl. Ether formaldehyde condensate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer alkylphenyl ether, sorbitan fatty acid ester (eg, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan laurate), polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, Examples thereof include glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, and polyethylene glycol fatty acid ether. Anionic surfactants include, for example, alkyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfuric acid, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfuric acid, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether sulfuric acid or polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer. Sodium, calcium or ammonium salts of sulfuric acid; alkyl sulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (eg calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, etc.), mono- or di-alkylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, formaldehyde condensation of naphthalene sulfonate Mono, lignin sulfonic acid, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfonic acid or polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfosuccinate sodium, calcium, ammonium or alkanolamine salts; polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene, mono- Alternatively, salts such as di-alkylphenyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether phosphate, and sodium or calcium salt of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer phosphate can be mentioned. Examples of the cationic surfactant include a quaternary ammonium salt, an alkylamine salt, an alkylpyridinium salt, an alkyloxide and the like. Examples of amphoteric surfactants include alkyl betaines and amine oxides. The surfactant is also used as a spreading agent.
エアゾール剤とする時に用いられる噴射剤としては、例えば、ブタンガス、フロンガス、代替フロン(HFO、HFC等)、液化石油ガス(LPG)、ジメチルエーテル、炭酸ガスが挙げられる。
また固体担体としては、例えば、粘土類(カオリン、珪藻土、ベントナイト、クレー、酸性白土等)、合成含水酸化珪素、タルク、ゼオライト、セラミック、その他の無機鉱物(セリサイト、石英、硫黄、活性炭、炭酸カルシウム、水和シリカ等)、多孔質体等が挙げられる。
Examples of the propellant used when the aerosol agent is used include butane gas, chlorofluorocarbon gas, alternative chlorofluorocarbons (HFO, HFC, etc.), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether, and carbon dioxide gas.
Examples of solid carriers include clays (kaolin, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, clay, acidic white clay, etc.), synthetic silicon hydroxide-containing silicon hydroxide, talc, zeolite, ceramics, and other inorganic minerals (serisite, quartz, sulfur, activated carbon, calcium carbonate, etc.). Calcium, hydrated silica, etc.), porous materials, etc. can be mentioned.
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、製剤調製時に必要に応じて、消泡剤、防腐剤、酸化防止剤及び増粘剤等を添加することができる。
消泡剤としては、例えば、シリコーン系消泡剤、フッ素系消泡剤等が挙げられる。
防腐剤としては、例えば、有機窒素硫黄系複合物、有機臭素系化合物、イソチアゾリン系化合物、ベンジルアルコールモノ(ポリ)ヘミホルマル、1,2−ベンゾイソチアゾリン−3−オン、5−クロロ−2−メチル−4−イソチアゾリン−3−オン、2−メチル−4−イソチアゾリン−3−オン、2−ブロモ−2−ニトロプロパン−1,3−ジオール、ソルビン酸カリウム、デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
酸化防止剤としては、例えば、テトラキス〔メチレン−3−(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕メタン、ブチル化ヒドロキシトルエン(BHT)、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール(BHA)、没食子酸プロピル、及びビタミンE、混合トコフェロール、α−トコフェロール、エトキシキン及びアスコルビン酸等が挙げられる。
増粘剤としては、例えば、ポリビニルピロリドン、キサンタンガム、ポリビニルアルコール、グアーガム、カルボキシビニルポリマー等が挙げられる。
The plant corolla regulator of the present invention can be added with an antifoaming agent, a preservative, an antioxidant, a thickener and the like, if necessary, at the time of preparation of the preparation.
Examples of the defoaming agent include silicone-based defoaming agents and fluorine-based defoaming agents.
Examples of preservatives include organic nitrogen-sulfur-based compounds, organic bromine-based compounds, isothiazolin-based compounds, benzyl alcohol mono (poly) hemiformal, 1,2-benzoisothiazolin-3-one, and 5-chloro-2-methyl-. Examples thereof include 4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate and the like.
Examples of the antioxidant include tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), and propyl gallate. Examples thereof include propyl acid and vitamin E, mixed tocopherol, α-tocopherol, ethoxyquin and ascorbic acid.
Examples of the thickener include polyvinylpyrrolidone, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, carboxyvinyl polymer and the like.
<花冠調整効果について>
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、下記実施例において詳細に説明するように、特に、植物体の花冠の色調、香気および形状から選択される1つ以上の調整に優れた効果を発揮する。
本発明の花冠調整剤を植物体に適用することにより、花弁に含まれるアントシアニン色素の含有量を有意に増加させることが出来る。この作用を利用することにより、使用者は、植物体の花冠の本来の色調を、好む方向である深い色合いに変調させることが可能となる。
本発明の花冠調整剤を植物体に適用することにより、植物体の花冠が有する香気成分の含有量を有意に増加させることが出来る。この作用を利用することにより、使用者は、植物体の花冠の本来の香気を、好む方向である深い香調に変調させることが可能となる。
また、本発明の花冠調整剤を植物体に適用することにより、植物体の花冠の形状の完成度を高めることが出来るため、外観に優れた植物体の花冠を得ることが可能となる。
<Corolla adjustment effect>
The plant corolla modifier of the present invention is particularly effective in adjusting one or more selected from the color, aroma and shape of the plant corolla, as will be described in detail in the examples below. ..
By applying the corolla modifier of the present invention to a plant, the content of the anthocyanin pigment contained in the petals can be significantly increased. By utilizing this action, the user can modulate the original color tone of the corolla of the plant body to a deep color tone in the preferred direction.
By applying the corolla modifier of the present invention to a plant, the content of the aroma component contained in the corolla of the plant can be significantly increased. By utilizing this action, the user can modulate the original aroma of the corolla of the plant body to a deep aroma tone in a preferred direction.
Further, by applying the corolla adjusting agent of the present invention to a plant, the degree of perfection of the shape of the corolla of the plant can be enhanced, so that a corolla having an excellent appearance can be obtained.
<植物体について>
本発明における植物体とは、根部と茎葉部を有し、根部は通常地中(場合によっては水中)にあって地上部を支える部分を意味し、切り枝や切り花などのように根部の無い状態のものは含まない。
本発明における植物体は、花冠の調整が図られる植物体であれば限定されるものではない。具体的には、バラ、ユリ、カーネーション、ダリア、コチョウラン、キク、トルコギキョウ、シクラメン、スターチス、シンビジウム、ガーベラ、デンドロビウム、チューリップ、ペラルゴニウム、ペチュニア、カトレアなど、観賞対象となる花冠を有する植物体が挙げられる。
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、植物体に付着させることができる限り、付着させる植物体の部位に制限はないが、吸収効率の良さの点から、植物茎葉部分や根部に対して施用する、茎葉処理や潅水処理による根部への処理が好ましく、特に、植物葉の表面に施用することが好ましい。施用する時期は、植物体の生育状況に応じて適宜選択すればよいが、特に、開花前から施用することが好ましい。施用頻度は、1〜10日に1回、好ましくは1〜7日に1回、より好ましくは1〜4日に1回の頻度で施用するのがよい。施用手段は特に制限されない。
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤の処理量としては、施用頻度に関わらず、植物体に対して有機酸および/またはその塩の積算処理量で0.005g/週以上、10g/週以下の範囲、好ましくは0.01g/週以上、7g/週以下の範囲、より好ましくは0.02g/週以上、5g/週以下の範囲で施用するのが良い。特に、地上部10〜60cmの植物に対しては、積算処理量で0.02g/週以上、7g/週以下の範囲で施用すれば良く、好ましくは0.05g/週以上、5g/週以下の範囲、より好ましくは0.1g/週以上、3g/週以下の範囲となるように施用するのが良い。
また特に、バラに対して酢酸および/またはその塩を施用する場合、新芽が出始めて5枚葉が出る前の生育初期段階においては、バラ1株あたり積算処理量で0.02g/週以上、1g/週以下の範囲、好ましくは0.05g/週以上、0.5g/週以下の範囲で施用するのが良い。5枚葉が出てからの生育初期以降においては、バラ1株あたり積算処理量で0.05g/週以上、7g/週以下の範囲、好ましくは0.1g/週以上、5g/週以下の範囲で施用するのが良い。
<About plants>
The plant body in the present invention has a root part and a foliage part, and the root part means a part that is usually in the ground (in some cases, underwater) and supports the above-ground part, and has no root part like a cut branch or a cut flower. The state is not included.
The plant body in the present invention is not limited as long as it is a plant body whose corolla can be adjusted. Specific examples include plants with ornamental corollas such as roses, lilies, carnations, dalia, moth orchids, kiku, turkish ginkgo, cyclamen, statice, symbidium, gerbera, dendrobium, tulips, pelargonium, petunia, and cattleya. ..
The flower crown modifier of the plant of the present invention is not limited to the part of the plant to which it is attached as long as it can be attached to the plant, but it is applied to the foliage and root of the plant from the viewpoint of good absorption efficiency. It is preferable to treat the roots by foliage treatment or irrigation treatment, and it is particularly preferable to apply it to the surface of plant leaves. The time of application may be appropriately selected according to the growing condition of the plant, but it is particularly preferable to apply it before flowering. The frequency of application is preferably once every 1 to 10 days, preferably once every 1 to 7 days, and more preferably once every 1 to 4 days. The means of application is not particularly limited.
The treatment amount of the flower crown adjusting agent for the plant body of the present invention is 0.005 g / week or more and 10 g / week or less in terms of the cumulative treatment amount of the organic acid and / or its salt with respect to the plant body regardless of the application frequency. It is preferable to apply in a range, preferably 0.01 g / week or more and 7 g / week or less, more preferably 0.02 g / week or more and 5 g / week or less. In particular, for plants 10 to 60 cm above the ground, the cumulative treatment amount may be applied in the range of 0.02 g / week or more and 7 g / week or less, preferably 0.05 g / week or more and 5 g / week or less. It is preferable to apply in the range of 0.1 g / week or more, more preferably 3 g / week or less.
In particular, when acetic acid and / or a salt thereof is applied to roses, the cumulative treatment amount per rose is 0.02 g / week or more in the early stage of growth before the emergence of new shoots and the emergence of 5 leaves. It is preferable to apply in the range of 1 g / week or less, preferably 0.05 g / week or more and 0.5 g / week or less. From the initial stage of growth after the emergence of 5 leaves, the cumulative treatment amount per rose strain is in the range of 0.05 g / week or more and 7 g / week or less, preferably 0.1 g / week or more and 5 g / week or less. It is good to apply within the range.
この他、目的に応じて、例えば、殺菌剤、防カビ剤、殺虫殺ダニ剤、忌避剤、香料、精油等を併用してもよい。例えば、ビテルタノール、ブロムコナゾール、シプロコナゾール、ジフェノコナゾール、ヘキサコナゾール、イマザリル、ミクロブタニル、シメコナゾール、テトラコナゾール、チアベンダゾール、ペンチオピラド、マンゼブ等の殺菌剤;塩化ベンゼトニウム、塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩酸クロルヘキシジン、グルコン酸クロルヘキシジン、ヒノキチオール、フェノキシエタノール、イソプロピルメチルフェノール等の防カビ剤;除虫菊エキス、天然ピレトリン、プラレトリン、イミプロトリン、フタルスリン、アレスリン、ビフェントリン、レスメトリン、フェノトリン、シフェノトリン、ペルメトリン、サイパーメスリン、エトフェンプロックス、シフルトリン、デルタメトリン、ビフェントリン、フェンバレレート、フェンプロパトリン、エムペントリン、シラフルオフェン、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、プロフルトリン等のピレスロイド系化合物、カルバリル、プロポクスル、メソミル、チオジカルブ等のカーバメート系化合物、メトキサジアゾン等のオキサジアゾール系化合物、フィプロニル等のフェニルピラゾール系化合物、アミドフルメト等のスルホンアミド系化合物、ジノテフラン、イミダクロプリド等のネオニコチノイド系化合物、クロルフェナピル等のピロール系化合物等、フェニトロチオン、ダイアジノン、マラソン、ピリダフェンチオン、プロチオホス、ホキシム、クロルピリホス、ジクロルボス等の有機リン系化合物等の殺虫殺ダニ剤;ディート、ジ−n−ブチルサクシネート、ヒドロキシアニソール、ロテノン、エチル−ブチルアセチルアミノプロピオネート、イカリジン(ピカリジン)、3−(N−n−ブチル−N−アセチル)アミノプロピオン酸エチルエステル等の忌避剤の1種または2種以上を用いることができる。香料、精油としては、用途に応じて天然香料及び合成香料、天然抽出物等からなる群から適宜選択される1種または2種以上の組み合わせを用いることができる。 In addition, for example, a fungicide, a fungicide, an insecticidal acaricide, a repellent, a fragrance, an essential oil and the like may be used in combination depending on the purpose. For example, bactericides such as bittertanol, bromconazole, cyproconazole, diphenoconazole, hexaconazole, imazalyl, microbutanyl, simeconazole, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, penthiopyrado, manzeb; benzethonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, glucon Antifungal agents such as chlorhexidine acid, hinokithiol, phenoxyethanol, isopropylmethylphenol; insecticide chrysanthemum extract, natural pyrethrin, prarethrin, imiprothrin, phthalthrin, alesulin, bifentrin, resmethrin, phenothrin, ciphenotrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, ethopheneprox , Bifenthrin, fenvalerate, fenpropatrin, empentrin, silafluofen, transfluthrin, metoflutrin, profluthrin and other pyrethroid compounds, carbamate compounds such as carbalyl, propoxul, mesomil, thiodicalbu, oxaziazole compounds such as methoxadiazone, fipronyl. Phenylpyrazole compounds such as, sulfonamide compounds such as amidoflumeth, neonicotinoid compounds such as dinotefuran and imidacloprid, pyrethroid compounds such as chlorphenapir, fenitrothione, diadinone, marathon, pyridafenthion, prothiophos, hoxim, chlorpyriphos, dichlorovos, etc. Pesticides such as organic phosphorus compounds; Diet, di-n-butyl succinate, hydroxyanisole, rotenone, ethyl-butyl acetylaminopropionate, icaridine (pyrethroid), 3- (N-n-butyl-) One or more repellents such as N-acetyl) aminopropionic acid ethyl ester can be used. As the fragrance and the essential oil, one kind or a combination of two or more kinds appropriately selected from the group consisting of natural fragrances, synthetic fragrances, natural extracts and the like can be used depending on the intended use.
以下に実施例によって本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例において、特に明記しない限り、部は重量部を意味する。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the examples, unless otherwise specified, parts mean parts by weight.
<植物体の花冠の色調調整効果確認試験1>
(1)試験検体
実施例1
酢酸0.125重量部、展着剤(ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート)0.08重量部およびイオン交換水を使用して、全体量を100重量部として植物体の花冠調整剤を調製した。
実施例2
酢酸0.10重量部、展着剤(ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート)0.08重量部およびイオン交換水を使用して、全体量を100重量部として植物体の花冠調整剤を調製した。
比較例1
展着剤(ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート)0.08重量部およびイオン交換水を使用して、全体量を100重量部として比較剤を調製した。
<Test 1 for confirming the effect of adjusting the color tone of the corolla of a plant>
(1) Test sample Example 1
Using 0.125 parts by weight of acetic acid, 0.08 parts by weight of a spreading agent (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate), and ion-exchanged water, a flower crown modifier for a plant was prepared with a total amount of 100 parts by weight.
Example 2
Using 0.10 parts by weight of acetic acid, 0.08 parts by weight of a spreading agent (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate) and ion-exchanged water, a flower crown modifier for a plant was prepared with the total amount being 100 parts by weight.
Comparative Example 1
A comparative agent was prepared using 0.08 parts by weight of a spreading agent (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate) and ion-exchanged water with a total amount of 100 parts by weight.
(2)試験方法
供試植物として、ポリポット(4号:口径12cm×高さ10cm)で育成(試験時期:8〜10月)した地上部が約15〜30cmのミニバラ(花色:ピンク)を使用した。
供試植物に対して2週間にわたり、試験検体(実施例1、2、比較例1)を、初日、1週間後、2週間後の合計3回、供試植物全体が十分に濡れる程度に、ハンドスプレーを使用して1回あたり80〜240mLを散布した。開花前から散布を行い、蕾や花には液剤が直接かからないように散布した。
最初の散布時から約1ヶ月後に開花した花の色の濃さについて、比較例1の花の色を評価基準(評価:3点)として、パネラー10名によりそれぞれ下記に示す5段階で評価した。今回の評価試験では、評価値4点以上が、本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤を用いることにより、花色が濃くなったと判断した。
なお、上記試験検体中の展着剤は、植物体の花色に影響を及ぼさないことを別の試験により確認している。
[花色評価基準]
5点:比較例1の花色より濃い
4点:比較例1の花色よりやや濃い
3点:比較例1の花色
2点:比較例1の花色よりやや薄い
1点:比較例1の花色より薄い
各パネラーの評価値と平均評価値を、試験検体の組成と共に、表1に記載した。
また、実施例1、2、比較例1の試験検体を用いたミニバラの花冠の写真を、図1に示した。
各々の色調をパントーン色見本帳(SOLID CHIPS/coated:商品名)で示すと、実施例1は236U、実施例2は250U、比較例1は671Uに相当する。
(2) Test method As a test plant, a mini rose (flower color: pink) with an above-ground part of about 15 to 30 cm grown in a polypot (No. 4: caliber 12 cm x height 10 cm) (test period: August to October) is used. did.
For 2 weeks, the test specimens (Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Example 1) were sprayed on the test plant three times in total on the first day, one week, and two weeks later, so that the entire test plant was sufficiently wet. 80-240 mL was sprayed at a time using a hand spray. It was sprayed before flowering, and the buds and flowers were sprayed so that the liquid agent would not be applied directly.
The color depth of the flowers that bloomed about one month after the first spraying was evaluated by 10 panelists using the flower color of Comparative Example 1 as an evaluation standard (evaluation: 3 points) on the following five stages. .. In this evaluation test, it was judged that the evaluation value of 4 points or more became darker by using the corolla modifier of the plant of the present invention.
It has been confirmed by another test that the spreading agent in the above test sample does not affect the flower color of the plant body.
[Flower color evaluation criteria]
5 points: darker than the flower color of Comparative Example 1 4 points: slightly darker than the flower color of Comparative Example 1 3 points: flower color of Comparative Example 1 2 points: slightly lighter than the flower color of Comparative Example 1 1 point: lighter than the flower color of Comparative Example 1 The evaluation values and average evaluation values of each panelist are shown in Table 1 together with the composition of the test sample.
In addition, photographs of the corolla of mini roses using the test samples of Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in FIG.
When each color tone is shown by a Pantone color sample book (SOLID CHIPS / coated: trade name), Example 1 corresponds to 236 U, Example 2 corresponds to 250 U, and Comparative Example 1 corresponds to 671 U.
(3)結果
表1に示したとおり、本発明の酢酸を有効成分とする実施例1、2の植物体の花冠調整剤は、何れも有効成分を含有しない比較例1を基準として、花色が濃くなることが明らかとなった。
また、花弁の形、花弁の枚数等の観点から花冠を評価し花冠の見た目の綺麗さを表す指標「完成度」についても差が見られることが確認された。この「完成度」は、均等に花弁が開き、花弁の枚数が多く、花冠の中心部が盛り上がり高さ(花冠の厚み)を有するほど、高いと評価される指標である。
この花冠の「完成度」について、確認試験を行った。
(3) Results As shown in Table 1, the corolla modifiers of the plants of Examples 1 and 2 containing acetic acid of the present invention as an active ingredient have a flower color based on Comparative Example 1 which does not contain an active ingredient. It became clear that it became darker.
In addition, it was confirmed that there was a difference in the index "completeness" that indicates the appearance of the corolla by evaluating the corolla from the viewpoint of the shape of the petals, the number of petals, and the like. This "completeness" is an index that is evaluated to be higher as the petals open evenly, the number of petals is large, and the central part of the corolla has a raised height (thickness of the corolla).
A confirmation test was conducted on the "completeness" of this corolla.
<植物体の花冠の形状調整効果確認試験>
(1)試験検体
上記「植物体の花冠の色調調整効果確認試験1」の試験検体(実施例1、比較例1)を使用した。
(2)植物体の花冠の形状調整作用の確認試験方法
供試植物として、10号鉢(口径30cm×高さ30cm、容量11リットル)で育成(試験時期:9〜10月)した地上部が約30〜50cmのバラ(品種:メルヘンケーニギン)を使用した。
供試植物に対して生育初期から1カ月にわたり、試験検体(実施例1、比較例1)を、2〜3回/1週間、供試植物全体が十分に濡れる程度に、ハンドスプレーを使用して1回あたり80〜300mLを散布した。蕾が形成される前から散布を開始し、蕾や花に直接液剤がかからないように散布した。
最初の散布時から約1ヶ月後に開花した花冠の形状について、「花冠の高さ」「花弁の枚数」「花冠の円形度」それぞれについて、下記評価方法に従い評価を行った。
花冠の高さ:花冠の高さを花弁の付け根から花冠の最高点までとして、側面から測定した。
花弁の枚数:花冠を形成する全ての花弁の枚数を計測した。
花冠の円形度:花冠を真上から見た際の円形度を下記算出式より算出した。
[算出式]:円形度=4π×(面積)÷(周囲長)2
なお、花冠の「面積」「周囲長」ともに画像解析ソフトImageJにより数値化したものである。
<Plant corolla shape adjustment effect confirmation test>
(1) Test sample The test sample (Example 1, Comparative Example 1) of the above-mentioned "Test 1 for confirming the effect of adjusting the color tone of the corolla of a plant" was used.
(2) Confirmation test method for corolla shape adjustment effect of plants As a test plant, the above-ground part grown in No. 10 pot (caliber 30 cm x height 30 cm, capacity 11 liters) (test period: September to October) A rose of about 30 to 50 cm (variety: fairy tale kenigin) was used.
For one month from the initial growth of the test plant, use a hand spray on the test sample (Example 1, Comparative Example 1) 2-3 times for 1 week so that the entire test plant is sufficiently wet. 80-300 mL was sprayed at a time. Spraying was started before the buds were formed, and the buds and flowers were sprayed so that the liquid agent would not be applied directly.
The shape of the corolla that bloomed about one month after the first spraying was evaluated according to the following evaluation methods for each of "corolla height", "number of petals", and "corolla circularity".
Corolla height: The corolla height was measured from the side, from the base of the petals to the highest point of the corolla.
Number of petals: The number of all petals forming the corolla was measured.
Circularity of corolla: The circularity of the corolla when viewed from directly above was calculated from the following formula.
[Calculation formula]: Circularity = 4π × (area) ÷ (peripheral length) 2
Both the "area" and "peripheral length" of the corolla are quantified by the image analysis software ImageJ.
(3)結果
各試験検体で処理したバラの花冠3輪を用いた、「花冠の高さ」「花弁の枚数」「花冠の円形度」それぞれの評価結果の平均値を、下記表2にまとめて示した。なお、上記評価方法による「花冠の円形度」では、1.0が真円を意味する最高評価の花冠となる。
表2に示したとおり、本発明の酢酸を有効成分とする実施例1の植物体の花冠調整剤で処理した植物体の花冠は、有効成分を含有しない比較例1で処理した植物体に比べて、「花冠の高さ」は約10%程度高くなり、「花弁の枚数」は約20%程度多くなることが明らかとなった。さらに、本発明の酢酸を有効成分とする実施例1の植物体の花冠調整剤で処理した植物体の「花冠の円形度」は0.96とほぼ真円に近いものであるのに対して、有効成分を含有しない比較例1で処理した植物体の「花冠の円形度」は0.81であり、いびつな形状であることも確認された。
この結果より、本発明の花冠調整剤は、本発明の花冠調整剤で処理しない植物体と比較して、「花冠の高さ」「花弁の枚数」「花冠の円形度」の全てにおいて高い形状調整効果を発揮し、花冠の形状の完成度を高めることが明らかとなった。
As shown in Table 2, the corolla of the plant body treated with the corolla adjusting agent of the plant body of Example 1 containing acetic acid of the present invention as an active ingredient is compared with the plant body treated in Comparative Example 1 containing no active ingredient. It was clarified that the "corolla height" was increased by about 10% and the "number of petals" was increased by about 20%. Further, the "circularity of the corolla" of the plant treated with the corolla adjusting agent of Example 1 containing acetic acid of the present invention as an active ingredient is 0.96, which is almost a perfect circle. The "circularity of the corolla" of the plant treated in Comparative Example 1 containing no active ingredient was 0.81, and it was also confirmed that the plant had a distorted shape.
From this result, the corolla adjuster of the present invention has a higher shape in all of "corolla height", "number of petals" and "corolla circularity" as compared with the plant body not treated with the corolla adjuster of the present invention. It was clarified that it exerts an adjustment effect and enhances the perfection of the shape of the corolla.
<植物体の花冠の色調調整効果確認試験2>
(1)試験検体
上記「植物体の花冠の色調調整効果確認試験1」の試験検体(実施例1、2、比較例1)を使用した。
(2)植物体の花冠の色素量確認試験
供試植物として、ポリポット(4号:口径12cm×高さ10cm)で育成(試験時期:8〜10月)した地上部が約15〜30cmのミニバラ(花色:ピンク)を使用して、2週間にわたり、試験検体(実施例1、2、比較例1)を、初日、1週間後、2週間後の合計3回、供試植物全体が十分に濡れる程度に、ハンドスプレーを使用して1回あたり80〜240mLを散布した。開花前から散布を行い、蕾や花には液剤が直接かからないように散布した。
最初の散布時から約1ヶ月後に開花した花冠を使用して、以下の手順により、花冠に含まれるアントシアニンの含有量を測定した。
液体窒素を用いて粉砕した花弁0.1gと、50%酢酸水溶液5mLをガラス瓶に入れ、冷蔵庫(2℃)で48時間静置し、その後、フィルター(0.45μm)を用いてろ過した。下記分析条件により、花弁0.1g中のアントシアニン含有量を算出した。
[分析条件]
測定装置:高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析装置(島津製作所製)
カラム:イナートシルODS−2(4.6×150mm)(GLサイエンス社製)
オーブン温度:35℃
流量:0. 8mL/min
移動相:(A)1.5%リン酸水溶液、(B)リン酸(1.5重量%)+酢酸(20重量%)+アセトニトリル(25重量%)+水(全体が100重量%となるように調整)
グラジエント条件:「(A)80体積%+(B)20体積%」から、20分かけて「(A)15体積%+(B)85体積%」に移動相割合を変化させたのち、「(A)15体積%+(B)85体積%」を10分間維持させた。
サンプル注入量:20μL
試験は3回行い、その平均値を表3にまとめて示した。
<Test 2 for confirming the effect of adjusting the color tone of the corolla of a plant>
(1) Test sample The test sample (Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1) of the above-mentioned "Test 1 for confirming the effect of adjusting the color tone of a plant corolla" was used.
(2) Test for confirming the amount of pigment in the corolla of a plant As a test plant, a mini rose with a above-ground part of about 15 to 30 cm grown in a polypot (No. 4: diameter 12 cm x height 10 cm) (test period: August to October) Using (flower color: pink), the test specimens (Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Example 1) were used for 2 weeks, and the whole test plant was sufficiently used 3 times in total on the first day, 1 week, and 2 weeks later. To the extent that it gets wet, 80-240 mL was sprayed at a time using a hand spray. It was sprayed before flowering, and the buds and flowers were sprayed so that the liquid agent would not be applied directly.
Using the corolla that bloomed about 1 month after the first application, the content of anthocyanins contained in the corolla was measured by the following procedure.
0.1 g of petals crushed with liquid nitrogen and 5 mL of a 50% aqueous acetic acid solution were placed in a glass bottle, allowed to stand in a refrigerator (2 ° C.) for 48 hours, and then filtered using a filter (0.45 μm). The anthocyanin content in 0.1 g of petals was calculated under the following analytical conditions.
[Analysis conditions]
Measuring device: High performance liquid chromatography analyzer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
Column: Inert Sill ODS-2 (4.6 x 150 mm) (manufactured by GL Science)
Oven temperature: 35 ° C
Flow rate: 0.8 mL / min
Mobile phase: (A) 1.5% aqueous phosphoric acid solution, (B) phosphoric acid (1.5% by weight) + acetic acid (20% by weight) + acetonitrile (25% by weight) + water (100% by weight overall) Adjusted to)
Gradient condition: After changing the mobile phase ratio from "(A) 80% by volume + (B) 20% by volume" to "(A) 15% by volume + (B) 85% by volume" over 20 minutes, " (A) 15% by volume + (B) 85% by volume "was maintained for 10 minutes.
Sample injection volume: 20 μL
The test was performed three times, and the average values are summarized in Table 3.
表3に示したとおり、本発明の酢酸を有効成分とする実施例1、2の植物体の花冠調整剤で処理した植物体の花冠は、有効成分を含有しない比較例1で処理した植物体と比べて、アントシアニン含有量が飛躍的に向上することが明らかとなった。特に、実施例1の植物体の花冠調整剤で処理した植物体の花冠は、比較例1に比べて、概ね2倍程度にアントシアニン含有量が増加することが確認された。
この花弁に含まれるアントシアニンの量の飛躍的な増加は、花色が濃く変化したと視認できる程度のものであることも明らかとなった。
この試験結果から、本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤は、花冠におけるアントシアニン増強剤としての機能を有することが明らかとなった。
As shown in Table 3, the corolla of the plant body treated with the corolla modifier of Examples 1 and 2 containing acetic acid of the present invention as an active ingredient is the plant body treated in Comparative Example 1 containing no active ingredient. In comparison, it was revealed that the anthocyanin content was dramatically improved. In particular, it was confirmed that the corolla of the plant treated with the corolla adjuster of the plant of Example 1 had an anthocyanin content about twice as much as that of Comparative Example 1.
It was also clarified that the dramatic increase in the amount of anthocyanins contained in the petals was such that the flower color changed deeply.
From this test result, it was clarified that the corolla modifier of the plant body of the present invention has a function as an anthocyanin enhancer in the corolla.
<植物体の花冠の香気調整効果確認試験1>
(1)試験検体
上記「植物体の花冠の色調調整効果確認試験1」の試験検体(実施例1、比較例1)を使用した。
(2)植物体の花冠の香気調整作用の確認試験方法
供試植物として、10号鉢(口径30cm×高さ30cm、容量11リットル)で育成(試験時期:3〜4月)した地上部が約30〜50cmのバラ(品種:フレグラントヒル)を使用した。
供試植物に対して2週間にわたり、試験検体(実施例1、比較例1)を、初日、1週間後、2週間後の合計3回、供試植物全体が十分に濡れる程度に、ハンドスプレーを使用して1回あたり80〜300mLを散布した。生育初期の蕾が形成される前から散布を開始し、蕾や花に直接液剤がかからないように散布した。
最初の散布時から約1ヶ月後に開花した花冠の香気について、実施例1と比較例1の花冠の香気について評価を行った。22名のパネラー(内5名が臭気判定士)により、それぞれの花冠の香気強度、ティー系の香気強度、フルーティー系の香気強度、香質の良さについて、下記に示す5段階の絶対評価により評価を行った。当該評価基準は、においの快・不快の程度を表示するために用いられる評価方法(9段階快・不快度表示方法)を参考に設定したものである。
なお、ティー系の香気とフルーティー系の香気とは、7つに分類されるバラの香気の系統の2つである。
[香気強度評価基準]
5点:強い
4点:やや強い
3点:強くも弱くもない
2点:やや弱い
1点:弱い
[香質評価基準]
5点:良い
4点:やや良い
3点:良くも悪くもない
2点:やや悪い
1点:悪い
各パネラーの評価の平均値を、表4にまとめて示した。なお、上記試験検体中の展着剤は、植物体の花冠の香気に影響を及ぼさないことを別の試験により確認している。
<Aroma adjustment effect confirmation test 1 of plant corolla>
(1) Test sample The test sample (Example 1, Comparative Example 1) of the above-mentioned "Test 1 for confirming the effect of adjusting the color tone of the corolla of a plant" was used.
(2) Confirmation test method of aroma adjusting effect of corolla of plant body As a test plant, the above-ground part grown in No. 10 pot (caliber 30 cm x height 30 cm, capacity 11 liters) (test period: March to April) A rose (variety: fragrant hill) of about 30 to 50 cm was used.
Hand spray the test specimens (Example 1, Comparative Example 1) on the test plant for 2 weeks, 3 times in total on the first day, 1 week, and 2 weeks, until the entire test plant is sufficiently wet. 80-300 mL was sprayed at a time using. Spraying was started before the buds were formed in the early stage of growth, and sprayed so that the buds and flowers were not directly exposed to the liquid agent.
Regarding the aroma of the corolla that bloomed about one month after the first spraying, the aroma of the corolla of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was evaluated. Twenty-two panelists (five of whom are odor judges) evaluate the aroma intensity of each corolla, tea-based aroma intensity, fruity-based aroma intensity, and fragrance quality by the following five-step absolute evaluation. Was done. The evaluation standard is set with reference to the evaluation method (9-step pleasant / unpleasant degree display method) used for displaying the degree of pleasantness / discomfort of the odor.
The tea-based scent and the fruity-based scent are two of the rose scents classified into seven types.
[Aroma strength evaluation criteria]
5 points: strong 4 points: slightly strong 3 points: neither strong nor weak 2 points: slightly weak 1 point: weak [fragrance evaluation criteria]
5 points: Good 4 points: Somewhat good 3 points: Not good or bad 2 points: Somewhat bad 1 point: Bad The average value of each panelist's evaluation is summarized in Table 4. It has been confirmed by another test that the spreading agent in the above test sample does not affect the aroma of the corolla of the plant body.
(3)結果
表4に示したとおり、本発明の酢酸を有効成分とする実施例1の植物体の花冠調整剤で処理した植物体の花冠は、有効成分を含有しない比較例1で処理した植物体と比べて、香気が強いと評価された。また、香質についても良いと評価された。具体的な香気の系統として、ティー系の香気強度とフルーティー系の香気強度が、比較例1と比較して実施例1の方が強くなった。
(3) Results As shown in Table 4, the flower canopy of the plant of Example 1 containing the acetic acid of the present invention as the active ingredient was treated with Comparative Example 1 containing no active ingredient. It was evaluated as having a stronger aroma than the plant body. The fragrance was also evaluated as good. As a specific aroma system, the aroma intensity of the tea type and the aroma intensity of the fruity type were stronger in Example 1 than in Comparative Example 1.
<植物体の花冠の香気調整効果確認試験2>
(1)試験検体
上記「植物体の花冠の色調調整効果確認試験1」の試験検体(実施例1、比較例1)を使用した。
(2)植物体の花冠の香気調整作用の確認試験方法
供試植物として、10号鉢で育成(試験時期:3〜4月)した地上部が約30〜50cmのバラ(品種:フレグラントヒル、クインエリザベス、ニコル、ダブルデライト)を使用した。
[香気成分の捕集方法]
供試植物に対して2週間にわたり、試験検体(実施例1、比較例1)を、初日、1週間後、2週間後の合計3回、供試植物全体が十分に濡れる程度に、ハンドスプレーを使用して1回あたり80〜300mLを散布した。生育初期の蕾が形成される前から散布を開始し、蕾や花に直接液剤がかからないように散布した。香気捕集は散布開始から約1ヶ月後に行った。
最初の散布時から約1ヶ月後に開花した花冠の香気について、花に袋(ポリフッ化ビニル製、容量:2リットル)を被せ、中に捕集剤(GLサイエンス社製、MonoTrap RCC18)を載置して、香気成分を捕集した。捕集は5時間(7:30〜12:30)行った。
[香気成分の抽出方法]
バイアル瓶(GLサイエンス社製、MT Extract Cup with Vial)に、ジクロロメタンと香気成分を捕集した上記捕集剤を入れて、15分間超音波処理して、下記分析条件により香気成分を測定した。
[分析条件]
測定装置:ガスクロマトグラフ質量分析装置(島津製作所製)
カラム:DB−WAX(アジレント・テクノロジー社製)
カラム温度:40℃(5min)→4℃/min→250℃(5min)
キャリアガス:ヘリウム、120kPa
インジェクション温度:250℃、Splitless0.5min
ディテクション:MS Scan(m/z:40−350)
サンプル注入量:1.0μL
<Aroma adjustment effect confirmation test 2 of plant corolla>
(1) Test sample The test sample (Example 1, Comparative Example 1) of the above-mentioned "Test 1 for confirming the effect of adjusting the color tone of the corolla of a plant" was used.
(2) Confirmation test method for the aroma adjusting effect of the corolla of the plant As a test plant, a rose (variety: fragrant hill,) with an above-ground part of about 30 to 50 cm grown in No. 10 pot (test period: March to April) Quinn Elizabeth, Nicole, Double Delight) was used.
[Method of collecting aroma components]
Hand spray the test specimens (Example 1, Comparative Example 1) on the test plant for 2 weeks, 3 times in total on the first day, 1 week, and 2 weeks, until the entire test plant is sufficiently wet. 80-300 mL was sprayed at a time using. Spraying was started before the buds were formed in the early stage of growth, and sprayed so that the buds and flowers were not directly exposed to the liquid agent. The aroma was collected about one month after the start of spraying.
Regarding the aroma of the corolla that bloomed about one month after the first spraying, the flowers were covered with a bag (polyvinyl fluoride, capacity: 2 liters), and a collector (GL Science, MonoTrap RCC18) was placed inside. Then, the aroma component was collected. The collection was carried out for 5 hours (7:30 to 12:30).
[Extraction method of aroma components]
The above-mentioned collecting agent in which dichloromethane and the aroma component were collected was placed in a vial (MT Extract Cup with Vial manufactured by GL Science Co., Ltd.), and the aroma component was measured under the following analytical conditions by sonication for 15 minutes.
[Analysis conditions]
Measuring device: Gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
Column: DB-WAX (manufactured by Agilent Technologies)
Column temperature: 40 ° C (5 min) → 4 ° C / min → 250 ° C (5 min)
Carrier gas: helium, 120 kPa
Injection temperature: 250 ° C, Splitless 0.5 min
Detection: MS Scan (m / z: 40-350)
Sample injection volume: 1.0 μL
(3)結果
実施例1の試験検体で処理したバラの花の香気成分と、比較例1の試験検体で処理したバラの花の香気成分とを比較して、変化のあった香気成分について、どの程度増加しているかを、下記表5にまとめて示した。
表5に示したとおり、本発明の酢酸を有効成分とする実施例1の植物体の花冠調整剤で処理した植物体の花冠は、有効成分を含有しない比較例1で処理した植物体に比べて、香気成分であるジメトキシトルエン、ヒドロ−β−イオノン、フェネチルアルコールが大きく向上することが確認された。特に、クインエリザベスの香気成分ジメトキシトルエンは、比較例1の8.8倍と、フレグラントヒルの香気成分フェネチルアルコールは11.8倍と、飛躍的に増加することが明らかとなった。品種によって香気成分は異なるものの、それぞれの品種における主香気成分が増加することが明らかとなった。 As shown in Table 5, the flower canopy of the plant body treated with the flower crown adjusting agent of the plant body of Example 1 containing acetic acid of the present invention as an active ingredient is compared with the plant body treated with Comparative Example 1 containing no active ingredient. It was confirmed that the aroma components dimethoxytoluene, hydro-β-ionone, and phenethyl alcohol were significantly improved. In particular, it was clarified that the aroma component dimethoxytoluene of Quinn Elizabeth increased dramatically, 8.8 times that of Comparative Example 1, and the aroma component phenethyl alcohol of Fragrant Tohil increased 11.8 times. Although the aroma components differ depending on the variety, it was clarified that the main aroma components in each variety increased.
本発明の植物体の花冠調整剤により、リラックス効果や食用においては健康効果に寄与することが既に報告されているアントシアニン色素の含有量を有意に増加させることが出来るため、色調が濃くなった植物体の花冠を得ることが出来る。また、植物体の花冠が有する香気成分の含有量を有意に増加させることが出来るため、香気が強くなった植物体の花冠を得ることが出来る。
本発明は、外観と香気に優れた花冠を有する植物体を得ることが出来る上で、非常に有用である。
さらに、植物体の花冠の形状の完成度を高めることが出来るため、外観に優れた植物体の花冠を得ることが出来るという優れた効果を発揮する。
The corolla modifier of the plant body of the present invention can significantly increase the content of the anthocyanin pigment, which has already been reported to contribute to the relaxing effect and the health effect in food, so that the plant has a darker color tone. You can get the corolla of the body. Further, since the content of the aroma component contained in the corolla of the plant body can be significantly increased, the corolla of the plant body having a strong aroma can be obtained.
The present invention is very useful in obtaining a plant having a corolla having an excellent appearance and aroma.
Further, since the perfection of the shape of the corolla of the plant body can be enhanced, the excellent effect of obtaining the corolla of the plant body having an excellent appearance is exhibited.
Claims (3)
A method of adjusting one or more selected from the color, aroma and shape of the corolla of a plant, characterized in that a composition containing an organic acid and / or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is applied to the plant.
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CN116058279A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-05-05 | 玉溪云星生物科技有限公司 | Method for directional and efficient breeding of new variety of fragrant butterfly orchid |
CN116058279B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2024-04-05 | 玉溪云星生物科技有限公司 | Method for directional and efficient breeding of new variety of fragrant butterfly orchid |
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